From cf500264664c42c259be955961d54b385ffd5c02 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guillaume Ballet <3272758+gballet@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2025 03:34:12 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/14] core/state: introduce the TransitionState object
 (verkle transition part 1) (#31634)

This is the first part of #31532

It maintains a series of conversion maker which are to be updated by the
conversion code (in a follow-up PR, this is a breakdown of a larger PR
to make things easier to review). They can be used in this way:

- During the conversion, by storing the conversion markers when the
block has been processed. This is meant to be written in a function that
isn't currently present, hence [this
TODO](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/31634/files#diff-89272f61e115723833d498a0acbe59fa2286e3dc7276a676a7f7816f21e248b7R384).

Part of  https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/31583

---------

Signed-off-by: Guillaume Ballet <3272758+gballet@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
---
 core/chain_makers.go             |   4 +-
 core/overlay/state_transition.go | 105 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go  |  30 +++++++++
 core/rawdb/database.go           |   2 +-
 core/rawdb/schema.go             |   8 +++
 core/state/database.go           |  28 ++++++---
 core/state/reader.go             |   1 +
 core/verkle_witness_test.go      |   6 +-
 8 files changed, 171 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 core/overlay/state_transition.go
 create mode 100644 core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go

diff --git a/core/chain_makers.go b/core/chain_makers.go
index b2559495a1..af55716cca 100644
--- a/core/chain_makers.go
+++ b/core/chain_makers.go
@@ -540,8 +540,10 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 		return block, b.receipts
 	}
 
+	sdb := state.NewDatabase(trdb, nil)
+
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabase(trdb, nil))
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), sdb)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
diff --git a/core/overlay/state_transition.go b/core/overlay/state_transition.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90b5c9431a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/overlay/state_transition.go
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package overlay
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/gob"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+)
+
+// TransitionState is a structure that holds the progress markers of the
+// translation process.
+type TransitionState struct {
+	CurrentAccountAddress *common.Address // addresss of the last translated account
+	CurrentSlotHash       common.Hash     // hash of the last translated storage slot
+	CurrentPreimageOffset int64           // next byte to read from the preimage file
+	Started, Ended        bool
+
+	// Mark whether the storage for an account has been processed. This is useful if the
+	// maximum number of leaves of the conversion is reached before the whole storage is
+	// processed.
+	StorageProcessed bool
+
+	BaseRoot common.Hash // hash of the last read-only MPT base tree
+}
+
+// InTransition returns true if the translation process is in progress.
+func (ts *TransitionState) InTransition() bool {
+	return ts != nil && ts.Started && !ts.Ended
+}
+
+// Transitioned returns true if the translation process has been completed.
+func (ts *TransitionState) Transitioned() bool {
+	return ts != nil && ts.Ended
+}
+
+// Copy returns a deep copy of the TransitionState object.
+func (ts *TransitionState) Copy() *TransitionState {
+	ret := &TransitionState{
+		Started:               ts.Started,
+		Ended:                 ts.Ended,
+		CurrentSlotHash:       ts.CurrentSlotHash,
+		CurrentPreimageOffset: ts.CurrentPreimageOffset,
+		StorageProcessed:      ts.StorageProcessed,
+	}
+	if ts.CurrentAccountAddress != nil {
+		addr := *ts.CurrentAccountAddress
+		ret.CurrentAccountAddress = &addr
+	}
+	return ret
+}
+
+// LoadTransitionState retrieves the Verkle transition state associated with
+// the given state root hash from the database.
+func LoadTransitionState(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, root common.Hash, isVerkle bool) *TransitionState {
+	var ts *TransitionState
+
+	data, _ := rawdb.ReadVerkleTransitionState(db, root)
+
+	// if a state could be read from the db, attempt to decode it
+	if len(data) > 0 {
+		var (
+			newts TransitionState
+			buf   = bytes.NewBuffer(data[:])
+			dec   = gob.NewDecoder(buf)
+		)
+		// Decode transition state
+		err := dec.Decode(&newts)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to decode transition state", "err", err)
+			return nil
+		}
+		ts = &newts
+	}
+
+	// Fallback that should only happen before the transition
+	if ts == nil {
+		// Initialize the first transition state, with the "ended"
+		// field set to true if the database was created
+		// as a verkle database.
+		log.Debug("no transition state found, starting fresh", "is verkle", db)
+
+		// Start with a fresh state
+		ts = &TransitionState{Ended: isVerkle}
+	}
+	return ts
+}
diff --git a/core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go b/core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..364cc889d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/rawdb/accessors_overlay.go
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package rawdb
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+)
+
+func ReadVerkleTransitionState(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+	return db.Get(transitionStateKey(hash))
+}
+
+func WriteVerkleTransitionState(db ethdb.KeyValueWriter, hash common.Hash, state []byte) error {
+	return db.Put(transitionStateKey(hash), state)
+}
diff --git a/core/rawdb/database.go b/core/rawdb/database.go
index 2ebdf360b5..25cd20d164 100644
--- a/core/rawdb/database.go
+++ b/core/rawdb/database.go
@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@ var knownMetadataKeys = [][]byte{
 	snapshotGeneratorKey, snapshotRecoveryKey, txIndexTailKey, fastTxLookupLimitKey,
 	uncleanShutdownKey, badBlockKey, transitionStatusKey, skeletonSyncStatusKey,
 	persistentStateIDKey, trieJournalKey, snapshotSyncStatusKey, snapSyncStatusFlagKey,
-	filterMapsRangeKey, headStateHistoryIndexKey,
+	filterMapsRangeKey, headStateHistoryIndexKey, VerkleTransitionStatePrefix,
 }
 
 // printChainMetadata prints out chain metadata to stderr.
diff --git a/core/rawdb/schema.go b/core/rawdb/schema.go
index 388a08f243..72f9bd34ec 100644
--- a/core/rawdb/schema.go
+++ b/core/rawdb/schema.go
@@ -158,6 +158,9 @@ var (
 	preimageCounter     = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/total", nil)
 	preimageHitsCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/hits", nil)
 	preimageMissCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("db/preimage/miss", nil)
+
+	// Verkle transition information
+	VerkleTransitionStatePrefix = []byte("verkle-transition-state-")
 )
 
 // LegacyTxLookupEntry is the legacy TxLookupEntry definition with some unnecessary
@@ -397,3 +400,8 @@ func storageHistoryIndexBlockKey(addressHash common.Hash, storageHash common.Has
 	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[:], blockID)
 	return append(append(append(StateHistoryStorageBlockPrefix, addressHash.Bytes()...), storageHash.Bytes()...), buf[:]...)
 }
+
+// transitionStateKey = transitionStatusKey + hash
+func transitionStateKey(hash common.Hash) []byte {
+	return append(VerkleTransitionStatePrefix, hash.Bytes()...)
+}
diff --git a/core/state/database.go b/core/state/database.go
index 5fb198a629..b46e5d500d 100644
--- a/core/state/database.go
+++ b/core/state/database.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/lru"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/overlay"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state/snapshot"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
@@ -151,17 +152,21 @@ type CachingDB struct {
 	codeCache     *lru.SizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte]
 	codeSizeCache *lru.Cache[common.Hash, int]
 	pointCache    *utils.PointCache
+
+	// Transition-specific fields
+	TransitionStatePerRoot *lru.Cache[common.Hash, *overlay.TransitionState]
 }
 
 // NewDatabase creates a state database with the provided data sources.
 func NewDatabase(triedb *triedb.Database, snap *snapshot.Tree) *CachingDB {
 	return &CachingDB{
-		disk:          triedb.Disk(),
-		triedb:        triedb,
-		snap:          snap,
-		codeCache:     lru.NewSizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte](codeCacheSize),
-		codeSizeCache: lru.NewCache[common.Hash, int](codeSizeCacheSize),
-		pointCache:    utils.NewPointCache(pointCacheSize),
+		disk:                   triedb.Disk(),
+		triedb:                 triedb,
+		snap:                   snap,
+		codeCache:              lru.NewSizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte](codeCacheSize),
+		codeSizeCache:          lru.NewCache[common.Hash, int](codeSizeCacheSize),
+		pointCache:             utils.NewPointCache(pointCacheSize),
+		TransitionStatePerRoot: lru.NewCache[common.Hash, *overlay.TransitionState](1000),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -224,7 +229,13 @@ func (db *CachingDB) ReadersWithCacheStats(stateRoot common.Hash) (ReaderWithSta
 // OpenTrie opens the main account trie at a specific root hash.
 func (db *CachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 	if db.triedb.IsVerkle() {
-		return trie.NewVerkleTrie(root, db.triedb, db.pointCache)
+		ts := overlay.LoadTransitionState(db.TrieDB().Disk(), root, db.triedb.IsVerkle())
+		if ts.InTransition() {
+			panic("transition isn't supported yet")
+		}
+		if ts.Transitioned() {
+			return trie.NewVerkleTrie(root, db.triedb, db.pointCache)
+		}
 	}
 	tr, err := trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StateTrieID(root), db.triedb)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -235,9 +246,6 @@ func (db *CachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 
 // OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
 func (db *CachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash, self Trie) (Trie, error) {
-	// In the verkle case, there is only one tree. But the two-tree structure
-	// is hardcoded in the codebase. So we need to return the same trie in this
-	// case.
 	if db.triedb.IsVerkle() {
 		return self, nil
 	}
diff --git a/core/state/reader.go b/core/state/reader.go
index 4628f4d5db..f56a1bfae1 100644
--- a/core/state/reader.go
+++ b/core/state/reader.go
@@ -241,6 +241,7 @@ func newTrieReader(root common.Hash, db *triedb.Database, cache *utils.PointCach
 	if !db.IsVerkle() {
 		tr, err = trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StateTrieID(root), db)
 	} else {
+		// TODO @gballet determine the trie type (verkle or overlay) by transition state
 		tr, err = trie.NewVerkleTrie(root, db, cache)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/core/verkle_witness_test.go b/core/verkle_witness_test.go
index a89672e6e5..e200bf7f50 100644
--- a/core/verkle_witness_test.go
+++ b/core/verkle_witness_test.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"slices"
 	"testing"
@@ -202,12 +203,15 @@ func TestProcessVerkle(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Log("verified verkle proof, inserting blocks into the chain")
 
+	for i, b := range chain {
+		fmt.Printf("%d %x\n", i, b.Root())
+	}
 	endnum, err := blockchain.InsertChain(chain)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("block %d imported with error: %v", endnum, err)
 	}
 
-	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+	for i := range 2 {
 		b := blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(i) + 1)
 		if b == nil {
 			t.Fatalf("expected block %d to be present in chain", i+1)

From e9dca3b1810054052a7186a4d3e9a3f52d25c3fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: maskpp <maskpp266@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2025 13:07:45 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 02/14] eth/catalyst: avoid load the same blob tx multi times
 (#32190)

- If all the `vhashes` are in the same `sidecar`, then it will load the
same blob tx many times. This PR aims to upgrade this.

---------

Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
---
 core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go      | 103 ++++++++---
 core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go | 242 ++++++++++++++++++++++----
 eth/catalyst/api.go                   |  85 +++------
 3 files changed, 306 insertions(+), 124 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go
index 078af34864..948ecd14c3 100644
--- a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go
+++ b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
@@ -1299,32 +1300,86 @@ func (p *BlobPool) GetMetadata(hash common.Hash) *txpool.TxMetadata {
 // GetBlobs returns a number of blobs and proofs for the given versioned hashes.
 // This is a utility method for the engine API, enabling consensus clients to
 // retrieve blobs from the pools directly instead of the network.
-func (p *BlobPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) []*types.BlobTxSidecar {
-	sidecars := make([]*types.BlobTxSidecar, len(vhashes))
-	for idx, vhash := range vhashes {
-		// Retrieve the datastore item (in a short lock)
-		p.lock.RLock()
-		id, exists := p.lookup.storeidOfBlob(vhash)
-		if !exists {
-			p.lock.RUnlock()
-			continue
-		}
-		data, err := p.store.Get(id)
-		p.lock.RUnlock()
+func (p *BlobPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash, version byte) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []kzg4844.Commitment, [][]kzg4844.Proof, error) {
+	var (
+		blobs       = make([]*kzg4844.Blob, len(vhashes))
+		commitments = make([]kzg4844.Commitment, len(vhashes))
+		proofs      = make([][]kzg4844.Proof, len(vhashes))
 
-		// After releasing the lock, try to fill any blobs requested
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Tracked blob transaction missing from store", "id", id, "err", err)
-			continue
-		}
-		item := new(types.Transaction)
-		if err = rlp.DecodeBytes(data, item); err != nil {
-			log.Error("Blobs corrupted for traced transaction", "id", id, "err", err)
-			continue
-		}
-		sidecars[idx] = item.BlobTxSidecar()
+		indices = make(map[common.Hash][]int)
+		filled  = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	)
+	for i, h := range vhashes {
+		indices[h] = append(indices[h], i)
 	}
-	return sidecars
+	for _, vhash := range vhashes {
+		// Skip duplicate vhash that was already resolved in a previous iteration
+		if _, ok := filled[vhash]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Retrieve the corresponding blob tx with the vhash
+		p.lock.RLock()
+		txID, exists := p.lookup.storeidOfBlob(vhash)
+		p.lock.RUnlock()
+		if !exists {
+			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("blob with vhash %x is not found", vhash)
+		}
+		data, err := p.store.Get(txID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
+		}
+
+		// Decode the blob transaction
+		tx := new(types.Transaction)
+		if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(data, tx); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
+		}
+		sidecar := tx.BlobTxSidecar()
+		if sidecar == nil {
+			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("blob tx without sidecar %x", tx.Hash())
+		}
+		// Traverse the blobs in the transaction
+		for i, hash := range tx.BlobHashes() {
+			list, ok := indices[hash]
+			if !ok {
+				continue // non-interesting blob
+			}
+			var pf []kzg4844.Proof
+			switch version {
+			case types.BlobSidecarVersion0:
+				if sidecar.Version == types.BlobSidecarVersion0 {
+					pf = []kzg4844.Proof{sidecar.Proofs[i]}
+				} else {
+					proof, err := kzg4844.ComputeBlobProof(&sidecar.Blobs[i], sidecar.Commitments[i])
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, nil, nil, err
+					}
+					pf = []kzg4844.Proof{proof}
+				}
+			case types.BlobSidecarVersion1:
+				if sidecar.Version == types.BlobSidecarVersion0 {
+					cellProofs, err := kzg4844.ComputeCellProofs(&sidecar.Blobs[i])
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, nil, nil, err
+					}
+					pf = cellProofs
+				} else {
+					cellProofs, err := sidecar.CellProofsAt(i)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, nil, nil, err
+					}
+					pf = cellProofs
+				}
+			}
+			for _, index := range list {
+				blobs[index] = &sidecar.Blobs[i]
+				commitments[index] = sidecar.Commitments[i]
+				proofs[index] = pf
+			}
+			filled[hash] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	return blobs, commitments, proofs, nil
 }
 
 // AvailableBlobs returns the number of blobs that are available in the subpool.
diff --git a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
index 422c35f6d2..55eed86cff 100644
--- a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
+++ b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ var (
 	testBlobCommits []kzg4844.Commitment
 	testBlobProofs  []kzg4844.Proof
 	testBlobVHashes [][32]byte
+	testBlobIndices = make(map[[32]byte]int)
 )
 
 const testMaxBlobsPerBlock = 6
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ func init() {
 		testBlobProofs = append(testBlobProofs, testBlobProof)
 
 		testBlobVHash := kzg4844.CalcBlobHashV1(sha256.New(), &testBlobCommit)
+		testBlobIndices[testBlobVHash] = len(testBlobVHashes)
 		testBlobVHashes = append(testBlobVHashes, testBlobVHash)
 	}
 }
@@ -216,7 +219,7 @@ func makeTx(nonce uint64, gasTipCap uint64, gasFeeCap uint64, blobFeeCap uint64,
 
 // makeMultiBlobTx is a utility method to construct a ramdom blob tx with
 // certain number of blobs in its sidecar.
-func makeMultiBlobTx(nonce uint64, gasTipCap uint64, gasFeeCap uint64, blobFeeCap uint64, blobCount int, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) *types.Transaction {
+func makeMultiBlobTx(nonce uint64, gasTipCap uint64, gasFeeCap uint64, blobFeeCap uint64, blobCount int, blobOffset int, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey, version byte) *types.Transaction {
 	var (
 		blobs       []kzg4844.Blob
 		blobHashes  []common.Hash
@@ -224,10 +227,15 @@ func makeMultiBlobTx(nonce uint64, gasTipCap uint64, gasFeeCap uint64, blobFeeCa
 		proofs      []kzg4844.Proof
 	)
 	for i := 0; i < blobCount; i++ {
-		blobs = append(blobs, *testBlobs[i])
-		commitments = append(commitments, testBlobCommits[i])
-		proofs = append(proofs, testBlobProofs[i])
-		blobHashes = append(blobHashes, testBlobVHashes[i])
+		blobs = append(blobs, *testBlobs[blobOffset+i])
+		commitments = append(commitments, testBlobCommits[blobOffset+i])
+		if version == types.BlobSidecarVersion0 {
+			proofs = append(proofs, testBlobProofs[blobOffset+i])
+		} else {
+			cellProofs, _ := kzg4844.ComputeCellProofs(testBlobs[blobOffset+i])
+			proofs = append(proofs, cellProofs...)
+		}
+		blobHashes = append(blobHashes, testBlobVHashes[blobOffset+i])
 	}
 	blobtx := &types.BlobTx{
 		ChainID:    uint256.MustFromBig(params.MainnetChainConfig.ChainID),
@@ -238,7 +246,7 @@ func makeMultiBlobTx(nonce uint64, gasTipCap uint64, gasFeeCap uint64, blobFeeCa
 		BlobFeeCap: uint256.NewInt(blobFeeCap),
 		BlobHashes: blobHashes,
 		Value:      uint256.NewInt(100),
-		Sidecar:    types.NewBlobTxSidecar(types.BlobSidecarVersion0, blobs, commitments, proofs),
+		Sidecar:    types.NewBlobTxSidecar(version, blobs, commitments, proofs),
 	}
 	return types.MustSignNewTx(key, types.LatestSigner(params.MainnetChainConfig), blobtx)
 }
@@ -396,35 +404,21 @@ func verifyPoolInternals(t *testing.T, pool *BlobPool) {
 // whatever is in the pool, it can be retrieved correctly.
 func verifyBlobRetrievals(t *testing.T, pool *BlobPool) {
 	// Collect all the blobs tracked by the pool
-	known := make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	var (
+		hashes []common.Hash
+		known  = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	)
 	for _, txs := range pool.index {
 		for _, tx := range txs {
 			for _, vhash := range tx.vhashes {
 				known[vhash] = struct{}{}
 			}
+			hashes = append(hashes, tx.vhashes...)
 		}
 	}
-	// Attempt to retrieve all test blobs
-	hashes := make([]common.Hash, len(testBlobVHashes))
-	for i := range testBlobVHashes {
-		copy(hashes[i][:], testBlobVHashes[i][:])
-	}
-	sidecars := pool.GetBlobs(hashes)
-	var blobs []*kzg4844.Blob
-	var proofs []*kzg4844.Proof
-	for idx, sidecar := range sidecars {
-		if sidecar == nil {
-			blobs = append(blobs, nil)
-			proofs = append(proofs, nil)
-			continue
-		}
-		blobHashes := sidecar.BlobHashes()
-		for i, hash := range blobHashes {
-			if hash == hashes[idx] {
-				blobs = append(blobs, &sidecar.Blobs[i])
-				proofs = append(proofs, &sidecar.Proofs[i])
-			}
-		}
+	blobs, _, proofs, err := pool.GetBlobs(hashes, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	// Cross validate what we received vs what we wanted
 	if len(blobs) != len(hashes) || len(proofs) != len(hashes) {
@@ -434,13 +428,12 @@ func verifyBlobRetrievals(t *testing.T, pool *BlobPool) {
 	for i, hash := range hashes {
 		// If an item is missing, but shouldn't, error
 		if blobs[i] == nil || proofs[i] == nil {
-			if _, ok := known[hash]; ok {
-				t.Errorf("tracked blob retrieval failed: item %d, hash %x", i, hash)
-			}
+			t.Errorf("tracked blob retrieval failed: item %d, hash %x", i, hash)
 			continue
 		}
 		// Item retrieved, make sure it matches the expectation
-		if *blobs[i] != *testBlobs[i] || *proofs[i] != testBlobProofs[i] {
+		index := testBlobIndices[hash]
+		if *blobs[i] != *testBlobs[index] || proofs[i][0] != testBlobProofs[index] {
 			t.Errorf("retrieved blob or proof mismatch: item %d, hash %x", i, hash)
 			continue
 		}
@@ -1071,9 +1064,9 @@ func TestChangingSlotterSize(t *testing.T) {
 		addr2 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey)
 		addr3 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key3.PublicKey)
 
-		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 6, key1)
-		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 6, key2)
-		tx3 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 110, 24, key3)
+		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 6, 0, key1, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
+		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 6, 0, key2, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
+		tx3 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 110, 24, 0, key3, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
 
 		blob1, _ = rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx1)
 		blob2, _ = rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx2)
@@ -1191,8 +1184,8 @@ func TestBlobCountLimit(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Attempt to add transactions.
 	var (
-		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 6, key1)
-		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 7, key2)
+		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 6, 0, key1, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
+		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 7, 0, key2, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
 	)
 	errs := pool.Add([]*types.Transaction{tx1, tx2}, true)
 
@@ -1675,6 +1668,181 @@ func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestGetBlobs(t *testing.T) {
+	//log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelTrace, true)))
+
+	// Create a temporary folder for the persistent backend
+	storage := t.TempDir()
+
+	os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(storage, pendingTransactionStore), 0700)
+	store, _ := billy.Open(billy.Options{Path: filepath.Join(storage, pendingTransactionStore)}, newSlotter(params.BlobTxMaxBlobs), nil)
+
+	// Create transactions from a few accounts.
+	var (
+		key1, _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+		key2, _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+		key3, _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+
+		addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey)
+		addr2 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey)
+		addr3 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key3.PublicKey)
+
+		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 6, 0, key1, types.BlobSidecarVersion0) // [0, 6)
+		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 6, 6, key2, types.BlobSidecarVersion1)   // [6, 12)
+		tx3 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 110, 6, 12, key3, types.BlobSidecarVersion0) // [12, 18)
+
+		blob1, _ = rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx1)
+		blob2, _ = rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx2)
+		blob3, _ = rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx3)
+	)
+
+	// Write the two safely sized txs to store. note: although the store is
+	// configured for a blob count of 6, it can also support around ~1mb of call
+	// data - all this to say that we aren't using the the absolute largest shelf
+	// available.
+	store.Put(blob1)
+	store.Put(blob2)
+	store.Put(blob3)
+	store.Close()
+
+	// Mimic a blobpool with max blob count of 6 upgrading to a max blob count of 24.
+	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
+	statedb.AddBalance(addr1, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
+	statedb.AddBalance(addr2, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
+	statedb.AddBalance(addr3, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
+
+	// Make custom chain config where the max blob count changes based on the loop variable.
+	cancunTime := uint64(0)
+	config := &params.ChainConfig{
+		ChainID:     big.NewInt(1),
+		LondonBlock: big.NewInt(0),
+		BerlinBlock: big.NewInt(0),
+		CancunTime:  &cancunTime,
+		BlobScheduleConfig: &params.BlobScheduleConfig{
+			Cancun: &params.BlobConfig{
+				Target:         12,
+				Max:            24,
+				UpdateFraction: params.DefaultCancunBlobConfig.UpdateFraction,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	chain := &testBlockChain{
+		config:  config,
+		basefee: uint256.NewInt(1050),
+		blobfee: uint256.NewInt(105),
+		statedb: statedb,
+	}
+	pool := New(Config{Datadir: storage}, chain, nil)
+	if err := pool.Init(1, chain.CurrentBlock(), newReserver()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create blob pool: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Verify the regular three txs are always available.
+	if got := pool.Get(tx1.Hash()); got == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected tx %s from %s in pool", tx1.Hash(), addr1)
+	}
+	if got := pool.Get(tx2.Hash()); got == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected tx %s from %s in pool", tx2.Hash(), addr2)
+	}
+	if got := pool.Get(tx3.Hash()); got == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected tx %s from %s in pool", tx3.Hash(), addr3)
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		start   int
+		limit   int
+		version byte
+		expErr  bool
+	}{
+		{
+			start: 0, limit: 6,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion0,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 0, limit: 6,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion1,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 3, limit: 9,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion0,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 3, limit: 9,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion1,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 3, limit: 15,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion0,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 3, limit: 15,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion1,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 0, limit: 18,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion0,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 0, limit: 18,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion1,
+		},
+		{
+			start: 18, limit: 20,
+			version: types.BlobSidecarVersion0,
+			expErr:  true,
+		},
+	}
+	for i, c := range cases {
+		var vhashes []common.Hash
+		for j := c.start; j < c.limit; j++ {
+			vhashes = append(vhashes, testBlobVHashes[j])
+		}
+		blobs, _, proofs, err := pool.GetBlobs(vhashes, c.version)
+
+		if c.expErr {
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected return, want error for case %d", i)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Unexpected error for case %d, %v", i, err)
+			}
+			// Cross validate what we received vs what we wanted
+			length := c.limit - c.start
+			if len(blobs) != length || len(proofs) != length {
+				t.Errorf("retrieved blobs/proofs size mismatch: have %d/%d, want %d", len(blobs), len(proofs), length)
+				continue
+			}
+			for j := 0; j < len(blobs); j++ {
+				// If an item is missing, but shouldn't, error
+				if blobs[j] == nil || proofs[j] == nil {
+					t.Errorf("tracked blob retrieval failed: item %d, hash %x", j, vhashes[j])
+					continue
+				}
+				// Item retrieved, make sure the blob matches the expectation
+				if *blobs[j] != *testBlobs[c.start+j] {
+					t.Errorf("retrieved blob mismatch: item %d, hash %x", j, vhashes[j])
+					continue
+				}
+				// Item retrieved, make sure the proof matches the expectation
+				if c.version == types.BlobSidecarVersion0 {
+					if proofs[j][0] != testBlobProofs[c.start+j] {
+						t.Errorf("retrieved proof mismatch: item %d, hash %x", j, vhashes[j])
+					}
+				} else {
+					want, _ := kzg4844.ComputeCellProofs(blobs[j])
+					if !reflect.DeepEqual(want, proofs[j]) {
+						t.Errorf("retrieved proof mismatch: item %d, hash %x", j, vhashes[j])
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	pool.Close()
+}
+
 // fakeBilly is a billy.Database implementation which just drops data on the floor.
 type fakeBilly struct {
 	billy.Database
diff --git a/eth/catalyst/api.go b/eth/catalyst/api.go
index f91896cc6e..038328d9ba 100644
--- a/eth/catalyst/api.go
+++ b/eth/catalyst/api.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 package catalyst
 
 import (
-	"crypto/sha256"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/ethconfig"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/version"
@@ -120,10 +118,13 @@ var caps = []string{
 var (
 	// Number of blobs requested via getBlobsV2
 	getBlobsRequestedCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("engine/getblobs/requested", nil)
+
 	// Number of blobs requested via getBlobsV2 that are present in the blobpool
 	getBlobsAvailableCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("engine/getblobs/available", nil)
+
 	// Number of times getBlobsV2 responded with “hit”
 	getBlobsV2RequestHit = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("engine/getblobs/hit", nil)
+
 	// Number of times getBlobsV2 responded with “miss”
 	getBlobsV2RequestMiss = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("engine/getblobs/miss", nil)
 )
@@ -494,29 +495,15 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV1(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
 	if len(hashes) > 128 {
 		return nil, engine.TooLargeRequest.With(fmt.Errorf("requested blob count too large: %v", len(hashes)))
 	}
-	var (
-		res      = make([]*engine.BlobAndProofV1, len(hashes))
-		hasher   = sha256.New()
-		index    = make(map[common.Hash]int)
-		sidecars = api.eth.BlobTxPool().GetBlobs(hashes)
-	)
-
-	for i, hash := range hashes {
-		index[hash] = i
+	blobs, _, proofs, err := api.eth.BlobTxPool().GetBlobs(hashes, types.BlobSidecarVersion0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, engine.InvalidParams.With(err)
 	}
-	for i, sidecar := range sidecars {
-		if res[i] != nil || sidecar == nil {
-			// already filled
-			continue
-		}
-		for cIdx, commitment := range sidecar.Commitments {
-			computed := kzg4844.CalcBlobHashV1(hasher, &commitment)
-			if idx, ok := index[computed]; ok {
-				res[idx] = &engine.BlobAndProofV1{
-					Blob:  sidecar.Blobs[cIdx][:],
-					Proof: sidecar.Proofs[cIdx][:],
-				}
-			}
+	res := make([]*engine.BlobAndProofV1, len(hashes))
+	for i := 0; i < len(blobs); i++ {
+		res[i] = &engine.BlobAndProofV1{
+			Blob:  blobs[i][:],
+			Proof: proofs[i][0][:],
 		}
 	}
 	return res, nil
@@ -538,47 +525,19 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV2(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
 	}
 	getBlobsV2RequestHit.Inc(1)
 
-	// pull up the blob hashes
-	var (
-		res      = make([]*engine.BlobAndProofV2, len(hashes))
-		index    = make(map[common.Hash][]int)
-		sidecars = api.eth.BlobTxPool().GetBlobs(hashes)
-	)
-
-	for i, hash := range hashes {
-		index[hash] = append(index[hash], i)
+	blobs, _, proofs, err := api.eth.BlobTxPool().GetBlobs(hashes, types.BlobSidecarVersion1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, engine.InvalidParams.With(err)
 	}
-	for i, sidecar := range sidecars {
-		if res[i] != nil {
-			// already filled
-			continue
+	res := make([]*engine.BlobAndProofV2, len(hashes))
+	for i := 0; i < len(blobs); i++ {
+		var cellProofs []hexutil.Bytes
+		for _, proof := range proofs[i] {
+			cellProofs = append(cellProofs, proof[:])
 		}
-		if sidecar == nil {
-			// not found, return empty response
-			return nil, nil
-		}
-		if sidecar.Version != types.BlobSidecarVersion1 {
-			log.Info("GetBlobs queried V0 transaction: index %v, blobhashes %v", index, sidecar.BlobHashes())
-			return nil, nil
-		}
-		blobHashes := sidecar.BlobHashes()
-		for bIdx, hash := range blobHashes {
-			if idxes, ok := index[hash]; ok {
-				proofs, err := sidecar.CellProofsAt(bIdx)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, engine.InvalidParams.With(err)
-				}
-				var cellProofs []hexutil.Bytes
-				for _, proof := range proofs {
-					cellProofs = append(cellProofs, proof[:])
-				}
-				for _, idx := range idxes {
-					res[idx] = &engine.BlobAndProofV2{
-						Blob:       sidecar.Blobs[bIdx][:],
-						CellProofs: cellProofs,
-					}
-				}
-			}
+		res[i] = &engine.BlobAndProofV2{
+			Blob:       blobs[i][:],
+			CellProofs: cellProofs,
 		}
 	}
 	return res, nil

From 59405c40d394552f1915caedd5f43d971c7ba1fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Minhyuk Kim <kimminhyuk1004@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2025 20:51:16 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 03/14] eth/gasestimator: check ErrGasLimitTooHigh conditions
 (#32348)

This PR makes 2 changes to how
[EIP-7825](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/31824) behaves.

When `eth_estimateGas` or `eth_createAccessList` is called without any
gas limit in the payload, geth will choose the block's gas limit or the
`RPCGasCap`, which can be larger than the `maxTxGas`.

When this happens for `estimateGas`, the gas estimation just errors out
and ends, when it should continue doing binary search to find the lowest
possible gas limit.

This PR will:
- Add a check to see if `hi` is larger than `maxTxGas` and cap it to
`maxTxGas` if it's larger. And add a special case handling for gas
estimation execute when it errs with `ErrGasLimitTooHigh`

---------

Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
---
 eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go          | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
 internal/ethapi/override/override_test.go |  4 ++++
 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+)

diff --git a/eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go b/eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go
index 7e9d8125de..6e79fbd62b 100644
--- a/eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go
+++ b/eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go
@@ -62,6 +62,23 @@ func Estimate(ctx context.Context, call *core.Message, opts *Options, gasCap uin
 	if call.GasLimit >= params.TxGas {
 		hi = call.GasLimit
 	}
+
+	// Cap the maximum gas allowance according to EIP-7825 if the estimation targets Osaka
+	if hi > params.MaxTxGas {
+		blockNumber, blockTime := opts.Header.Number, opts.Header.Time
+		if opts.BlockOverrides != nil {
+			if opts.BlockOverrides.Number != nil {
+				blockNumber = opts.BlockOverrides.Number.ToInt()
+			}
+			if opts.BlockOverrides.Time != nil {
+				blockTime = uint64(*opts.BlockOverrides.Time)
+			}
+		}
+		if opts.Config.IsOsaka(blockNumber, blockTime) {
+			hi = params.MaxTxGas
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Normalize the max fee per gas the call is willing to spend.
 	var feeCap *big.Int
 	if call.GasFeeCap != nil {
@@ -209,6 +226,9 @@ func execute(ctx context.Context, call *core.Message, opts *Options, gasLimit ui
 		if errors.Is(err, core.ErrIntrinsicGas) {
 			return true, nil, nil // Special case, raise gas limit
 		}
+		if errors.Is(err, core.ErrGasLimitTooHigh) {
+			return true, nil, nil // Special case, lower gas limit
+		}
 		return true, nil, err // Bail out
 	}
 	return result.Failed(), result, nil
diff --git a/internal/ethapi/override/override_test.go b/internal/ethapi/override/override_test.go
index 02a17c1331..41b4f2c253 100644
--- a/internal/ethapi/override/override_test.go
+++ b/internal/ethapi/override/override_test.go
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ import (
 
 type precompileContract struct{}
 
+func (p *precompileContract) Name() string {
+	panic("implement me")
+}
+
 func (p *precompileContract) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 { return 0 }
 
 func (p *precompileContract) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) { return nil, nil }

From 792de5d2e3b40837aadb65993e387bf5aa5bce9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 6 Aug 2025 18:57:43 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 04/14] core/filtermaps: remove unnecessary nil check and add
 cv2 lock (#32309)

Co-authored-by: zsfelfoldi <zsfelfoldi@gmail.com>
---
 core/filtermaps/chain_view.go | 15 ++++-----------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/filtermaps/chain_view.go b/core/filtermaps/chain_view.go
index 7c48048ad9..35c5ed22a5 100644
--- a/core/filtermaps/chain_view.go
+++ b/core/filtermaps/chain_view.go
@@ -124,19 +124,12 @@ func (cv *ChainView) RawReceipts(number uint64) types.Receipts {
 
 // SharedRange returns the block range shared by two chain views.
 func (cv *ChainView) SharedRange(cv2 *ChainView) common.Range[uint64] {
-	cv.lock.Lock()
-	defer cv.lock.Unlock()
-
-	if cv == nil || cv2 == nil || !cv.extendNonCanonical() || !cv2.extendNonCanonical() {
+	if cv == nil || cv2 == nil {
 		return common.Range[uint64]{}
 	}
-	var sharedLen uint64
-	for n := min(cv.headNumber+1-uint64(len(cv.hashes)), cv2.headNumber+1-uint64(len(cv2.hashes))); n <= cv.headNumber && n <= cv2.headNumber; n++ {
-		h1, h2 := cv.blockHash(n), cv2.blockHash(n)
-		if h1 != h2 || h1 == (common.Hash{}) {
-			break
-		}
-		sharedLen = n + 1
+	sharedLen := min(cv.headNumber, cv2.headNumber) + 1
+	for sharedLen > 0 && cv.BlockId(sharedLen-1) != cv2.BlockId(sharedLen-1) {
+		sharedLen--
 	}
 	return common.NewRange(0, sharedLen)
 }

From e7189b59871931cb15747db376ce7dcc595f7f9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 16:42:22 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 05/14] go.mod: upgraded github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.1 =>
 v4.5.2 (#32356)

https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3553
---
 go.mod | 2 +-
 go.sum | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 6b63450a91..363d7d3dfb 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.6.0
 	github.com/gballet/go-libpcsclite v0.0.0-20190607065134-2772fd86a8ff
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.1
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2
 	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.5-0.20220116011046-fa5810519dcb
 	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index db59c74229..099d432ba4 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1 h1:MTLVXXHf8ekldpJk3AKicLij9MdwOWkZ+a/jHHZby9E=
 github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1/go.mod h1:9zxTsyu5xtJ9DK+1tFZyibEV7y3uwDxPPfbxeeHCoD0=
 github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 h1:Ov1cvc58UF3b5XjBnZv7+opcTcQFZebYjWzi34vdm4Q=
 github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2/go.mod h1:P1XiOD3dCwIKUDQYPy72D8LYyHL2YPYrpS2s69NZV8Q=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.1 h1:JdqV9zKUdtaa9gdPlywC3aeoEsR681PlKC+4F5gQgeo=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.1/go.mod h1:m21LjoU+eqJr34lmDMbreY2eSTRJ1cv77w39/MY0Ch0=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2 h1:YtQM7lnr8iZ+j5q71MGKkNw9Mn7AjHM68uc9g5fXeUI=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2/go.mod h1:m21LjoU+eqJr34lmDMbreY2eSTRJ1cv77w39/MY0Ch0=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.2.0/go.mod h1:6lQm79b+lXiMfvg/cZm0SGofjICqVBUtrP5yJMmIC1U=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.5/go.mod h1:6O5/vntMXwX2lRkT1hjjk0nAC1IDOTvTlVgjlRvqsdk=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.4.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:ceaxUfeHdC40wWswd/P6IGgMaK3YpKi5j83Wpe3EHw8=

From f49f3ec78086903b278559f29bf38124c02d825f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 20:15:54 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 06/14] rpc: use reflect.TypeFor (#32316)

---
 rpc/service.go | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/rpc/service.go b/rpc/service.go
index d50090e9fb..0f62d7eb7c 100644
--- a/rpc/service.go
+++ b/rpc/service.go
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	contextType      = reflect.TypeOf((*context.Context)(nil)).Elem()
-	errorType        = reflect.TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem()
-	subscriptionType = reflect.TypeOf(Subscription{})
-	stringType       = reflect.TypeOf("")
+	contextType      = reflect.TypeFor[context.Context]()
+	errorType        = reflect.TypeFor[error]()
+	subscriptionType = reflect.TypeFor[Subscription]()
+	stringType       = reflect.TypeFor[string]()
 )
 
 type serviceRegistry struct {

From dfde155541f82f4b8f3bf72ee507a12e716dde21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 20:22:11 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 07/14] crypto/kzg4844: use reflect.TypeFor (#32319)

---
 crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go b/crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go
index baf9c9655b..9da2386368 100644
--- a/crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go
+++ b/crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ import (
 var content embed.FS
 
 var (
-	blobT       = reflect.TypeOf(Blob{})
-	commitmentT = reflect.TypeOf(Commitment{})
-	proofT      = reflect.TypeOf(Proof{})
+	blobT       = reflect.TypeFor[Blob]()
+	commitmentT = reflect.TypeFor[Commitment]()
+	proofT      = reflect.TypeFor[Proof]()
 
 	CellProofsPerBlob = 128
 )

From ec97ac70851c81962a1b999e01b339a3348d6892 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 20:30:03 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 08/14] common, common/hexutil: use reflect.TypeFor (#32321)

---
 common/hexutil/json.go | 10 +++++-----
 common/types.go        |  6 +++---
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/common/hexutil/json.go b/common/hexutil/json.go
index e0ac98f52d..6b9f412078 100644
--- a/common/hexutil/json.go
+++ b/common/hexutil/json.go
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	bytesT  = reflect.TypeOf(Bytes(nil))
-	bigT    = reflect.TypeOf((*Big)(nil))
-	uintT   = reflect.TypeOf(Uint(0))
-	uint64T = reflect.TypeOf(Uint64(0))
-	u256T   = reflect.TypeOf((*uint256.Int)(nil))
+	bytesT  = reflect.TypeFor[Bytes]()
+	bigT    = reflect.TypeFor[*Big]()
+	uintT   = reflect.TypeFor[Uint]()
+	uint64T = reflect.TypeFor[Uint64]()
+	u256T   = reflect.TypeFor[*uint256.Int]()
 )
 
 // Bytes marshals/unmarshals as a JSON string with 0x prefix.
diff --git a/common/types.go b/common/types.go
index fdb25f1b34..db4de8bcbd 100644
--- a/common/types.go
+++ b/common/types.go
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ const (
 )
 
 var (
-	hashT    = reflect.TypeOf(Hash{})
-	addressT = reflect.TypeOf(Address{})
+	hashT    = reflect.TypeFor[Hash]()
+	addressT = reflect.TypeFor[Address]()
 
 	// MaxAddress represents the maximum possible address value.
 	MaxAddress = HexToAddress("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ func isString(input []byte) bool {
 // UnmarshalJSON parses a hash in hex syntax.
 func (d *Decimal) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if !isString(input) {
-		return &json.UnmarshalTypeError{Value: "non-string", Type: reflect.TypeOf(uint64(0))}
+		return &json.UnmarshalTypeError{Value: "non-string", Type: reflect.TypeFor[uint64]()}
 	}
 	if i, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(input[1:len(input)-1]), 10, 64); err == nil {
 		*d = Decimal(i)

From 2e3971aed1fbdfed9013611140d8afaf68eed8ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 20:36:20 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 09/14] beacon/merkle: use reflect.TypeFor (#32322)

---
 beacon/merkle/merkle.go | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/beacon/merkle/merkle.go b/beacon/merkle/merkle.go
index 30896f9b01..64dfadfab5 100644
--- a/beacon/merkle/merkle.go
+++ b/beacon/merkle/merkle.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ type Value [32]byte
 // Values represent a series of merkle tree leaves/nodes.
 type Values []Value
 
-var valueT = reflect.TypeOf(Value{})
+var valueT = reflect.TypeFor[Value]()
 
 // UnmarshalJSON parses a merkle value in hex syntax.
 func (m *Value) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {

From f9f85d0227078397eb293579081ec98753f8e4c5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 20:53:36 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 10/14] core: use reflect.TypeFor (#32320)

https://github.com/golang/go/issues/60088
---
 core/forkid/forkid.go        | 7 +++----
 core/tracing/journal_test.go | 2 +-
 core/types/block.go          | 2 +-
 core/types/withdrawal.go     | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/core/forkid/forkid.go b/core/forkid/forkid.go
index 4db366da82..7406a3f53a 100644
--- a/core/forkid/forkid.go
+++ b/core/forkid/forkid.go
@@ -241,9 +241,8 @@ func checksumToBytes(hash uint32) [4]byte {
 // them, one for the block number based forks and the second for the timestamps.
 func gatherForks(config *params.ChainConfig, genesis uint64) ([]uint64, []uint64) {
 	// Gather all the fork block numbers via reflection
-	kind := reflect.TypeOf(params.ChainConfig{})
+	kind := reflect.TypeFor[params.ChainConfig]()
 	conf := reflect.ValueOf(config).Elem()
-	x := uint64(0)
 	var (
 		forksByBlock []uint64
 		forksByTime  []uint64
@@ -258,12 +257,12 @@ func gatherForks(config *params.ChainConfig, genesis uint64) ([]uint64, []uint64
 		}
 
 		// Extract the fork rule block number or timestamp and aggregate it
-		if field.Type == reflect.TypeOf(&x) {
+		if field.Type == reflect.TypeFor[*uint64]() {
 			if rule := conf.Field(i).Interface().(*uint64); rule != nil {
 				forksByTime = append(forksByTime, *rule)
 			}
 		}
-		if field.Type == reflect.TypeOf(new(big.Int)) {
+		if field.Type == reflect.TypeFor[*big.Int]() {
 			if rule := conf.Field(i).Interface().(*big.Int); rule != nil {
 				forksByBlock = append(forksByBlock, rule.Uint64())
 			}
diff --git a/core/tracing/journal_test.go b/core/tracing/journal_test.go
index d9616a2ce8..99447e1e1d 100644
--- a/core/tracing/journal_test.go
+++ b/core/tracing/journal_test.go
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ func newTracerAllHooks() *tracerAllHooks {
 	t := &tracerAllHooks{hooksCalled: make(map[string]bool)}
 	// Initialize all hooks to false. We will use this to
 	// get total count of hooks.
-	hooksType := reflect.TypeOf((*Hooks)(nil)).Elem()
+	hooksType := reflect.TypeFor[Hooks]()
 	for i := 0; i < hooksType.NumField(); i++ {
 		t.hooksCalled[hooksType.Field(i).Name] = false
 	}
diff --git a/core/types/block.go b/core/types/block.go
index b284fb3b16..da9614793a 100644
--- a/core/types/block.go
+++ b/core/types/block.go
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ func (h *Header) Hash() common.Hash {
 	return rlpHash(h)
 }
 
-var headerSize = common.StorageSize(reflect.TypeOf(Header{}).Size())
+var headerSize = common.StorageSize(reflect.TypeFor[Header]().Size())
 
 // Size returns the approximate memory used by all internal contents. It is used
 // to approximate and limit the memory consumption of various caches.
diff --git a/core/types/withdrawal.go b/core/types/withdrawal.go
index 6f99e53b56..2cf00195a0 100644
--- a/core/types/withdrawal.go
+++ b/core/types/withdrawal.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ type Withdrawals []*Withdrawal
 // Len returns the length of s.
 func (s Withdrawals) Len() int { return len(s) }
 
-var withdrawalSize = int(reflect.TypeOf(Withdrawal{}).Size())
+var withdrawalSize = int(reflect.TypeFor[Withdrawal]().Size())
 
 func (s Withdrawals) Size() int {
 	return withdrawalSize * len(s)

From e979438a55739169dc6ab2ca0f2da668888a76d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 21:03:18 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 11/14] p2p/enode: use atomic.Pointer in LocalNode (#32360)

---
 p2p/enode/localnode.go | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/p2p/enode/localnode.go b/p2p/enode/localnode.go
index 6e79c9cbdc..d8fa6a9202 100644
--- a/p2p/enode/localnode.go
+++ b/p2p/enode/localnode.go
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ const (
 // current process. Setting ENR entries via the Set method updates the record. A new version
 // of the record is signed on demand when the Node method is called.
 type LocalNode struct {
-	cur atomic.Value // holds a non-nil node pointer while the record is up-to-date
+	cur atomic.Pointer[Node] // holds a non-nil node pointer while the record is up-to-date
 
 	id  ID
 	key *ecdsa.PrivateKey
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func NewLocalNode(db *DB, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) *LocalNode {
 	}
 	ln.seq = db.localSeq(ln.id)
 	ln.update = time.Now()
-	ln.cur.Store((*Node)(nil))
+	ln.cur.Store(nil)
 	return ln
 }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (ln *LocalNode) Database() *DB {
 // Node returns the current version of the local node record.
 func (ln *LocalNode) Node() *Node {
 	// If we have a valid record, return that
-	n := ln.cur.Load().(*Node)
+	n := ln.cur.Load()
 	if n != nil {
 		return n
 	}
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (ln *LocalNode) Node() *Node {
 
 	// Double check the current record, since multiple goroutines might be waiting
 	// on the write mutex.
-	if n = ln.cur.Load().(*Node); n != nil {
+	if n = ln.cur.Load(); n != nil {
 		return n
 	}
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (ln *LocalNode) Node() *Node {
 
 	ln.sign()
 	ln.update = time.Now()
-	return ln.cur.Load().(*Node)
+	return ln.cur.Load()
 }
 
 // Seq returns the current sequence number of the local node record.
@@ -276,11 +276,11 @@ func (e *lnEndpoint) get() (newIP net.IP, newPort uint16) {
 }
 
 func (ln *LocalNode) invalidate() {
-	ln.cur.Store((*Node)(nil))
+	ln.cur.Store(nil)
 }
 
 func (ln *LocalNode) sign() {
-	if n := ln.cur.Load().(*Node); n != nil {
+	if n := ln.cur.Load(); n != nil {
 		return // no changes
 	}
 

From bd6797eafa592472a5b6b495ed3a1a68c022f013 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 21:56:25 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 12/14] signer/core/apitypes: simplify reflect []byte creation
 (#32315)

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
---
 signer/core/apitypes/types.go | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/signer/core/apitypes/types.go b/signer/core/apitypes/types.go
index b5fd5a2854..dcbd04867c 100644
--- a/signer/core/apitypes/types.go
+++ b/signer/core/apitypes/types.go
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ func parseBytes(encType interface{}) ([]byte, bool) {
 	// Handle array types.
 	val := reflect.ValueOf(encType)
 	if val.Kind() == reflect.Array && val.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8 {
-		v := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.TypeOf([]byte{}), val.Len(), val.Len())
+		v := reflect.ValueOf(make([]byte, val.Len()))
 		reflect.Copy(v, val)
 		return v.Bytes(), true
 	}

From 4e7bc2bdc89e1fa27d259ef3efe7a59d2d2142d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: cui <cuiweixie@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 21:58:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 13/14] rlp: use reflect.TypeFor (#32317)

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
---
 rlp/decode.go | 8 ++++----
 rlp/encode.go | 2 +-
 rlp/raw.go    | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/rlp/decode.go b/rlp/decode.go
index 0fbca243ee..5a06f35ec0 100644
--- a/rlp/decode.go
+++ b/rlp/decode.go
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ func addErrorContext(err error, ctx string) error {
 }
 
 var (
-	decoderInterface = reflect.TypeOf(new(Decoder)).Elem()
-	bigInt           = reflect.TypeOf(big.Int{})
-	u256Int          = reflect.TypeOf(uint256.Int{})
+	decoderInterface = reflect.TypeFor[Decoder]()
+	bigInt           = reflect.TypeFor[big.Int]()
+	u256Int          = reflect.TypeFor[uint256.Int]()
 )
 
 func makeDecoder(typ reflect.Type, tags rlpstruct.Tags) (dec decoder, err error) {
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ func makeNilPtrDecoder(etype reflect.Type, etypeinfo *typeinfo, ts rlpstruct.Tag
 	}
 }
 
-var ifsliceType = reflect.TypeOf([]interface{}{})
+var ifsliceType = reflect.TypeFor[[]any]()
 
 func decodeInterface(s *Stream, val reflect.Value) error {
 	if val.Type().NumMethod() != 0 {
diff --git a/rlp/encode.go b/rlp/encode.go
index 3645bbfda0..623932a90b 100644
--- a/rlp/encode.go
+++ b/rlp/encode.go
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func puthead(buf []byte, smalltag, largetag byte, size uint64) int {
 	return sizesize + 1
 }
 
-var encoderInterface = reflect.TypeOf(new(Encoder)).Elem()
+var encoderInterface = reflect.TypeFor[Encoder]()
 
 // makeWriter creates a writer function for the given type.
 func makeWriter(typ reflect.Type, ts rlpstruct.Tags) (writer, error) {
diff --git a/rlp/raw.go b/rlp/raw.go
index 879e3bfe5d..cec90346a1 100644
--- a/rlp/raw.go
+++ b/rlp/raw.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 // not verify whether the content of RawValues is valid RLP.
 type RawValue []byte
 
-var rawValueType = reflect.TypeOf(RawValue{})
+var rawValueType = reflect.TypeFor[RawValue]()
 
 // StringSize returns the encoded size of a string.
 func StringSize(s string) uint64 {

From f86870f5da77e2563fdb7151078be24c12fa2076 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: radik878 <radikpadik76@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 7 Aug 2025 17:31:02 +0300
Subject: [PATCH 14/14] eth/downloader: fix incomplete code comment  (#32354)

---
 eth/downloader/api.go | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/eth/downloader/api.go b/eth/downloader/api.go
index c98f9a2c3f..f97371de5f 100644
--- a/eth/downloader/api.go
+++ b/eth/downloader/api.go
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ func (s *SyncStatusSubscription) Unsubscribe() {
 }
 
 // SubscribeSyncStatus creates a subscription that will broadcast new synchronisation updates.
-// The given channel must receive interface values, the result can either.
+// The given channel must receive interface values, the result can either be a SyncingResult or false.
 func (api *DownloaderAPI) SubscribeSyncStatus(status chan interface{}) *SyncStatusSubscription {
 	api.installSyncSubscription <- status
 	return &SyncStatusSubscription{api: api, c: status}