Merge branch 'peerdas-devnet-7' into engine-getblobs-v2-metrics

beacon/blsync/engineclient.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/beacon/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/beacon/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	ctypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
@@ -104,7 +105,11 @@ func (ec *engineClient) callNewPayload(fork string, event types.ChainHeadEvent)
 		method = "engine_newPayloadV4"
 		parentBeaconRoot := event.BeaconHead.ParentRoot
 		blobHashes := collectBlobHashes(event.Block)
-		params = append(params, blobHashes, parentBeaconRoot, event.ExecRequests)
+		hexRequests := make([]hexutil.Bytes, len(event.ExecRequests))
+		for i := range event.ExecRequests {
+			hexRequests[i] = hexutil.Bytes(event.ExecRequests[i])
+		}
+		params = append(params, blobHashes, parentBeaconRoot, hexRequests)
 	case "deneb":
 		method = "engine_newPayloadV3"
 		parentBeaconRoot := event.BeaconHead.ParentRoot

cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest/suite.go

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ func (s *Suite) EthTests() []utesting.Test {
 		{Name: "Status", Fn: s.TestStatus},
 		// get block headers
 		{Name: "GetBlockHeaders", Fn: s.TestGetBlockHeaders},
+		{Name: "GetNonexistentBlockHeaders", Fn: s.TestGetNonexistentBlockHeaders},
 		{Name: "SimultaneousRequests", Fn: s.TestSimultaneousRequests},
 		{Name: "SameRequestID", Fn: s.TestSameRequestID},
 		{Name: "ZeroRequestID", Fn: s.TestZeroRequestID},
@@ -158,6 +159,48 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetBlockHeaders(t *utesting.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *Suite) TestGetNonexistentBlockHeaders(t *utesting.T) {
+	t.Log(`This test sends GetBlockHeaders requests for nonexistent blocks (using max uint64 value) 
+to check if the node disconnects after receiving multiple invalid requests.`)
+
+	conn, err := s.dial()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	if err := conn.peer(s.chain, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("peering failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create request with max uint64 value for a nonexistent block
+	badReq := &eth.GetBlockHeadersPacket{
+		GetBlockHeadersRequest: &eth.GetBlockHeadersRequest{
+			Origin:  eth.HashOrNumber{Number: ^uint64(0)},
+			Amount:  1,
+			Skip:    0,
+			Reverse: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Send request 10 times. Some clients are lient on the first few invalids.
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		badReq.RequestId = uint64(i)
+		if err := conn.Write(ethProto, eth.GetBlockHeadersMsg, badReq); err != nil {
+			if err == errDisc {
+				t.Fatalf("peer disconnected after %d requests", i+1)
+			}
+			t.Fatalf("write failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check if peer disconnects at the end.
+	code, _, err := conn.Read()
+	if err == errDisc || code == discMsg {
+		t.Fatal("peer improperly disconnected")
+	}
+}
+
 func (s *Suite) TestSimultaneousRequests(t *utesting.T) {
 	t.Log(`This test requests blocks headers from the node, performing two requests
 concurrently, with different request IDs.`)

cmd/geth/chaincmd.go

@@ -246,10 +246,13 @@ func initGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	triedb := utils.MakeTrieDatabase(ctx, chaindb, ctx.Bool(utils.CachePreimagesFlag.Name), false, genesis.IsVerkle())
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
-	_, hash, _, err := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chaindb, triedb, genesis, &overrides)
+	_, hash, compatErr, err := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chaindb, triedb, genesis, &overrides)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Failed to write genesis block: %v", err)
 	}
+	if compatErr != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("Failed to write chain config: %v", compatErr)
+	}
 	log.Info("Successfully wrote genesis state", "database", "chaindata", "hash", hash)
 
 	return nil

cmd/geth/consolecmd_test.go

@@ -39,9 +39,8 @@ const (
 // child g gets a temporary data directory.
 func runMinimalGeth(t *testing.T, args ...string) *testgeth {
 	// --holesky to make the 'writing genesis to disk' faster (no accounts)
-	// --networkid=1337 to avoid cache bump
 	// --syncmode=full to avoid allocating fast sync bloom
-	allArgs := []string{"--holesky", "--networkid", "1337", "--authrpc.port", "0", "--syncmode=full", "--port", "0",
+	allArgs := []string{"--holesky", "--authrpc.port", "0", "--syncmode=full", "--port", "0",
 		"--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--cache", "64",
 		"--datadir.minfreedisk", "0"}
 	return runGeth(t, append(allArgs, args...)...)
@@ -103,17 +102,17 @@ func TestAttachWelcome(t *testing.T) {
 		"--http", "--http.port", httpPort,
 		"--ws", "--ws.port", wsPort)
 	t.Run("ipc", func(t *testing.T) {
-		waitForEndpoint(t, ipc, 4*time.Second)
+		waitForEndpoint(t, ipc, 2*time.Minute)
 		testAttachWelcome(t, geth, "ipc:"+ipc, ipcAPIs)
 	})
 	t.Run("http", func(t *testing.T) {
 		endpoint := "http://127.0.0.1:" + httpPort
-		waitForEndpoint(t, endpoint, 4*time.Second)
+		waitForEndpoint(t, endpoint, 2*time.Minute)
 		testAttachWelcome(t, geth, endpoint, httpAPIs)
 	})
 	t.Run("ws", func(t *testing.T) {
 		endpoint := "ws://127.0.0.1:" + wsPort
-		waitForEndpoint(t, endpoint, 4*time.Second)
+		waitForEndpoint(t, endpoint, 2*time.Minute)
 		testAttachWelcome(t, geth, endpoint, httpAPIs)
 	})
 	geth.Kill()

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -1571,8 +1571,8 @@ func setRequiredBlocks(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 
 // SetEthConfig applies eth-related command line flags to the config.
 func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
-	// Avoid conflicting network flags
+	// Avoid conflicting network flags, don't allow network id override on preset networks
-	flags.CheckExclusive(ctx, MainnetFlag, DeveloperFlag, SepoliaFlag, HoleskyFlag, HoodiFlag)
+	flags.CheckExclusive(ctx, MainnetFlag, DeveloperFlag, SepoliaFlag, HoleskyFlag, HoodiFlag, NetworkIdFlag)
 	flags.CheckExclusive(ctx, DeveloperFlag, ExternalSignerFlag) // Can't use both ephemeral unlocked and external signer
 
 	// Set configurations from CLI flags
@@ -1743,33 +1743,23 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 	// Override any default configs for hard coded networks.
 	switch {
 	case ctx.Bool(MainnetFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NetworkId = 1
-		}
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultGenesisBlock()
 		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.MainnetGenesisHash)
 	case ctx.Bool(HoleskyFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NetworkId = 17000
-		}
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultHoleskyGenesisBlock()
 		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.HoleskyGenesisHash)
 	case ctx.Bool(SepoliaFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NetworkId = 11155111
-		}
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
 		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.SepoliaGenesisHash)
 	case ctx.Bool(HoodiFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NetworkId = 560048
-		}
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultHoodiGenesisBlock()
 		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.HoodiGenesisHash)
 	case ctx.Bool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NetworkId = 1337
-		}
 		cfg.SyncMode = ethconfig.FullSync
 		// Create new developer account or reuse existing one
 		var (

core/bench_test.go

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func benchInsertChain(b *testing.B, disk bool, gen func(int, *BlockGen)) {
 	if !disk {
 		db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
 	} else {
-		pdb, err := pebble.New(b.TempDir(), 128, 128, "", false, true)
+		pdb, err := pebble.New(b.TempDir(), 128, 128, "", false)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("cannot create temporary database: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ func makeChainForBench(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, full bool, count uin
 func benchWriteChain(b *testing.B, full bool, count uint64) {
 	genesis := &Genesis{Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges}
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pdb, err := pebble.New(b.TempDir(), 1024, 128, "", false, true)
+		pdb, err := pebble.New(b.TempDir(), 1024, 128, "", false)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("error opening database: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func benchWriteChain(b *testing.B, full bool, count uint64) {
 func benchReadChain(b *testing.B, full bool, count uint64) {
 	dir := b.TempDir()
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(dir, 1024, 128, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(dir, 1024, 128, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		b.Fatalf("error opening database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func benchReadChain(b *testing.B, full bool, count uint64) {
 	b.ResetTimer()
 
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		pdb, err = pebble.New(dir, 1024, 128, "", false, true)
+		pdb, err = pebble.New(dir, 1024, 128, "", false)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("error opening database: %v", err)
 		}

core/blockchain.go

@@ -92,8 +92,10 @@ var (
 	blockReorgAddMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/reorg/add", nil)
 	blockReorgDropMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/reorg/drop", nil)
 
-	blockPrefetchExecuteTimer   = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/prefetch/executes", nil)
+	blockPrefetchExecuteTimer    = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/prefetch/executes", nil)
 	blockPrefetchInterruptMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/prefetch/interrupts", nil)
+	blockPrefetchTxsInvalidMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/prefetch/txs/invalid", nil)
+	blockPrefetchTxsValidMeter   = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/prefetch/txs/valid", nil)
 
 	errInsertionInterrupted = errors.New("insertion is interrupted")
 	errChainStopped         = errors.New("blockchain is stopped")
@@ -979,17 +981,16 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) setHeadBeyondRoot(head uint64, time uint64, root common.Ha
 		// Ignore the error here since light client won't hit this path
 		frozen, _ := bc.db.Ancients()
 		if num+1 <= frozen {
-			// Truncate all relative data(header, total difficulty, body, receipt
+			// The chain segment, such as the block header, canonical hash,
-			// and canonical hash) from ancient store.
+			// body, and receipt, will be removed from the ancient store
-			if _, err := bc.db.TruncateHead(num); err != nil {
+			// in one go.
-				log.Crit("Failed to truncate ancient data", "number", num, "err", err)
+			//
-			}
+			// The hash-to-number mapping in the key-value store will be
-			// Remove the hash <-> number mapping from the active store.
+			// removed by the hc.SetHead function.
-			rawdb.DeleteHeaderNumber(db, hash)
 		} else {
-			// Remove relative body and receipts from the active store.
+			// Remove the associated body and receipts from the key-value store.
-			// The header, total difficulty and canonical hash will be
+			// The header, hash-to-number mapping, and canonical hash will be
-			// removed in the hc.SetHead function.
+			// removed by the hc.SetHead function.
 			rawdb.DeleteBody(db, hash, num)
 			rawdb.DeleteReceipts(db, hash, num)
 		}
@@ -1361,7 +1362,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain(blockChain types.Blocks, receiptChain [
 		size += writeSize
 
 		// Sync the ancient store explicitly to ensure all data has been flushed to disk.
-		if err := bc.db.Sync(); err != nil {
+		if err := bc.db.SyncAncient(); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
 		// Write hash to number mappings
@@ -1759,18 +1760,6 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool, makeWitness
 		bc.reportBlock(block, nil, err)
 		return nil, it.index, err
 	}
-	// No validation errors for the first block (or chain prefix skipped)
-	var activeState *state.StateDB
-	defer func() {
-		// The chain importer is starting and stopping trie prefetchers. If a bad
-		// block or other error is hit however, an early return may not properly
-		// terminate the background threads. This defer ensures that we clean up
-		// and dangling prefetcher, without deferring each and holding on live refs.
-		if activeState != nil {
-			activeState.StopPrefetcher()
-		}
-	}()
-
 	// Track the singleton witness from this chain insertion (if any)
 	var witness *stateless.Witness
 
@@ -1826,63 +1815,20 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool, makeWitness
 			continue
 		}
 		// Retrieve the parent block and it's state to execute on top
-		start := time.Now()
 		parent := it.previous()
 		if parent == nil {
 			parent = bc.GetHeader(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
 		}
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root, bc.statedb)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, it.index, err
-		}
-
-		// If we are past Byzantium, enable prefetching to pull in trie node paths
-		// while processing transactions. Before Byzantium the prefetcher is mostly
-		// useless due to the intermediate root hashing after each transaction.
-		if bc.chainConfig.IsByzantium(block.Number()) {
-			// Generate witnesses either if we're self-testing, or if it's the
-			// only block being inserted. A bit crude, but witnesses are huge,
-			// so we refuse to make an entire chain of them.
-			if bc.vmConfig.StatelessSelfValidation || (makeWitness && len(chain) == 1) {
-				witness, err = stateless.NewWitness(block.Header(), bc)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, it.index, err
-				}
-			}
-			statedb.StartPrefetcher("chain", witness)
-		}
-		activeState = statedb
-
-		// If we have a followup block, run that against the current state to pre-cache
-		// transactions and probabilistically some of the account/storage trie nodes.
-		var followupInterrupt atomic.Bool
-		if !bc.cacheConfig.TrieCleanNoPrefetch {
-			if followup, err := it.peek(); followup != nil && err == nil {
-				throwaway, _ := state.New(parent.Root, bc.statedb)
-
-				go func(start time.Time, followup *types.Block, throwaway *state.StateDB) {
-					// Disable tracing for prefetcher executions.
-					vmCfg := bc.vmConfig
-					vmCfg.Tracer = nil
-					bc.prefetcher.Prefetch(followup, throwaway, vmCfg, &followupInterrupt)
-
-					blockPrefetchExecuteTimer.Update(time.Since(start))
-					if followupInterrupt.Load() {
-						blockPrefetchInterruptMeter.Mark(1)
-					}
-				}(time.Now(), followup, throwaway)
-			}
-		}
-
 		// The traced section of block import.
-		res, err := bc.processBlock(block, statedb, start, setHead)
+		start := time.Now()
-		followupInterrupt.Store(true)
+		res, err := bc.processBlock(parent.Root, block, setHead, makeWitness && len(chain) == 1)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
 		// Report the import stats before returning the various results
 		stats.processed++
 		stats.usedGas += res.usedGas
+		witness = res.witness
 
 		var snapDiffItems, snapBufItems common.StorageSize
 		if bc.snaps != nil {
@@ -1938,11 +1884,74 @@ type blockProcessingResult struct {
 	usedGas  uint64
 	procTime time.Duration
 	status   WriteStatus
+	witness  *stateless.Witness
 }
 
 // processBlock executes and validates the given block. If there was no error
 // it writes the block and associated state to database.
-func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, start time.Time, setHead bool) (_ *blockProcessingResult, blockEndErr error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, setHead bool, makeWitness bool) (_ *blockProcessingResult, blockEndErr error) {
+	var (
+		err       error
+		startTime = time.Now()
+		statedb   *state.StateDB
+		interrupt atomic.Bool
+	)
+	defer interrupt.Store(true) // terminate the prefetch at the end
+
+	if bc.cacheConfig.TrieCleanNoPrefetch {
+		statedb, err = state.New(parentRoot, bc.statedb)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		// If prefetching is enabled, run that against the current state to pre-cache
+		// transactions and probabilistically some of the account/storage trie nodes.
+		//
+		// Note: the main processor and prefetcher share the same reader with a local
+		// cache for mitigating the overhead of state access.
+		reader, err := bc.statedb.ReaderWithCache(parentRoot)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		throwaway, err := state.NewWithReader(parentRoot, bc.statedb, reader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		statedb, err = state.NewWithReader(parentRoot, bc.statedb, reader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		go func(start time.Time, throwaway *state.StateDB, block *types.Block) {
+			// Disable tracing for prefetcher executions.
+			vmCfg := bc.vmConfig
+			vmCfg.Tracer = nil
+			bc.prefetcher.Prefetch(block, throwaway, vmCfg, &interrupt)
+
+			blockPrefetchExecuteTimer.Update(time.Since(start))
+			if interrupt.Load() {
+				blockPrefetchInterruptMeter.Mark(1)
+			}
+		}(time.Now(), throwaway, block)
+	}
+
+	// If we are past Byzantium, enable prefetching to pull in trie node paths
+	// while processing transactions. Before Byzantium the prefetcher is mostly
+	// useless due to the intermediate root hashing after each transaction.
+	var witness *stateless.Witness
+	if bc.chainConfig.IsByzantium(block.Number()) {
+		// Generate witnesses either if we're self-testing, or if it's the
+		// only block being inserted. A bit crude, but witnesses are huge,
+		// so we refuse to make an entire chain of them.
+		if bc.vmConfig.StatelessSelfValidation || makeWitness {
+			witness, err = stateless.NewWitness(block.Header(), bc)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+		statedb.StartPrefetcher("chain", witness)
+		defer statedb.StopPrefetcher()
+	}
+
 	if bc.logger != nil && bc.logger.OnBlockStart != nil {
 		bc.logger.OnBlockStart(tracing.BlockEvent{
 			Block:     block,
@@ -2001,7 +2010,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 		}
 	}
 	xvtime := time.Since(xvstart)
-	proctime := time.Since(start) // processing + validation + cross validation
+	proctime := time.Since(startTime) // processing + validation + cross validation
 
 	// Update the metrics touched during block processing and validation
 	accountReadTimer.Update(statedb.AccountReads) // Account reads are complete(in processing)
@@ -2042,9 +2051,14 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 	triedbCommitTimer.Update(statedb.TrieDBCommits)     // Trie database commits are complete, we can mark them
 
 	blockWriteTimer.Update(time.Since(wstart) - max(statedb.AccountCommits, statedb.StorageCommits) /* concurrent */ - statedb.SnapshotCommits - statedb.TrieDBCommits)
-	blockInsertTimer.UpdateSince(start)
+	blockInsertTimer.UpdateSince(startTime)
 
-	return &blockProcessingResult{usedGas: res.GasUsed, procTime: proctime, status: status}, nil
+	return &blockProcessingResult{
+		usedGas:  res.GasUsed,
+		procTime: proctime,
+		status:   status,
+		witness:  witness,
+	}, nil
 }
 
 // insertSideChain is called when an import batch hits upon a pruned ancestor
@@ -2627,7 +2641,8 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertHeadersBeforeCutoff(headers []*types.Header) (int, e
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
-	if err := bc.db.Sync(); err != nil {
+	// Sync the ancient store explicitly to ensure all data has been flushed to disk.
+	if err := bc.db.SyncAncient(); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	// Write hash to number mappings

core/blockchain_insert.go

@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ func (it *insertIterator) next() (*types.Block, error) {
 //
 // Both header and body validation errors (nil too) is cached into the iterator
 // to avoid duplicating work on the following next() call.
+// nolint:unused
 func (it *insertIterator) peek() (*types.Block, error) {
 	// If we reached the end of the chain, abort
 	if it.index+1 >= len(it.chain) {

core/blockchain_reader.go

@@ -234,6 +234,14 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
 	return receipts
 }
 
+func (bc *BlockChain) GetRawReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
+	number := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(bc.db, hash)
+	if number == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return rawdb.ReadRawReceipts(bc.db, hash, *number)
+}
+
 // GetUnclesInChain retrieves all the uncles from a given block backwards until
 // a specific distance is reached.
 func (bc *BlockChain) GetUnclesInChain(block *types.Block, length int) []*types.Header {
@@ -262,42 +270,20 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) GetAncestor(hash common.Hash, number, ancestor uint64, max
 // GetTransactionLookup retrieves the lookup along with the transaction
 // itself associate with the given transaction hash.
 //
-// An error will be returned if the transaction is not found, and background
+// A null will be returned if the transaction is not found. This can be due to
-// indexing for transactions is still in progress. The transaction might be
+// the transaction indexer not being finished. The caller must explicitly check
-// reachable shortly once it's indexed.
+// the indexer progress.
-//
+func (bc *BlockChain) GetTransactionLookup(hash common.Hash) (*rawdb.LegacyTxLookupEntry, *types.Transaction) {
-// A null will be returned in the transaction is not found and background
-// transaction indexing is already finished. The transaction is not existent
-// from the node's perspective.
-func (bc *BlockChain) GetTransactionLookup(hash common.Hash) (*rawdb.LegacyTxLookupEntry, *types.Transaction, error) {
 	bc.txLookupLock.RLock()
 	defer bc.txLookupLock.RUnlock()
 
 	// Short circuit if the txlookup already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
 	if item, exist := bc.txLookupCache.Get(hash); exist {
-		return item.lookup, item.transaction, nil
+		return item.lookup, item.transaction
 	}
 	tx, blockHash, blockNumber, txIndex := rawdb.ReadTransaction(bc.db, hash)
 	if tx == nil {
-		progress, err := bc.TxIndexProgress()
+		return nil, nil
-		if err != nil {
-			// No error is returned if the transaction indexing progress is unreachable
-			// due to unexpected internal errors. In such cases, it is impossible to
-			// determine whether the transaction does not exist or has simply not been
-			// indexed yet without a progress marker.
-			//
-			// In such scenarios, the transaction is treated as unreachable, though
-			// this is clearly an unintended and unexpected situation.
-			return nil, nil, nil
-		}
-		// The transaction indexing is not finished yet, returning an
-		// error to explicitly indicate it.
-		if !progress.Done() {
-			return nil, nil, errors.New("transaction indexing still in progress")
-		}
-		// The transaction is already indexed, the transaction is either
-		// not existent or not in the range of index, returning null.
-		return nil, nil, nil
 	}
 	lookup := &rawdb.LegacyTxLookupEntry{
 		BlockHash:  blockHash,
@@ -308,7 +294,23 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) GetTransactionLookup(hash common.Hash) (*rawdb.LegacyTxLoo
 		lookup:      lookup,
 		transaction: tx,
 	})
-	return lookup, tx, nil
+	return lookup, tx
+}
+
+// TxIndexDone returns true if the transaction indexer has finished indexing.
+func (bc *BlockChain) TxIndexDone() bool {
+	progress, err := bc.TxIndexProgress()
+	if err != nil {
+		// No error is returned if the transaction indexing progress is unreachable
+		// due to unexpected internal errors. In such cases, it is impossible to
+		// determine whether the transaction does not exist or has simply not been
+		// indexed yet without a progress marker.
+		//
+		// In such scenarios, the transaction is treated as unreachable, though
+		// this is clearly an unintended and unexpected situation.
+		return true
+	}
+	return progress.Done()
 }
 
 // HasState checks if state trie is fully present in the database or not.
@@ -404,7 +406,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) TxIndexProgress() (TxIndexProgress, error) {
 	if bc.txIndexer == nil {
 		return TxIndexProgress{}, errors.New("tx indexer is not enabled")
 	}
-	return bc.txIndexer.txIndexProgress()
+	return bc.txIndexer.txIndexProgress(), nil
 }
 
 // HistoryPruningCutoff returns the configured history pruning point.

core/blockchain_repair_test.go

@@ -1765,7 +1765,7 @@ func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme s
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
 	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1850,7 +1850,7 @@ func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme s
 	chain.stopWithoutSaving()
 
 	// Start a new blockchain back up and see where the repair leads us
-	pdb, err = pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err = pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1915,7 +1915,7 @@ func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
 	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	chain.stopWithoutSaving()
 
 	// Start a new blockchain back up and see where the repair leads us
-	pdb, err = pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err = pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_sethead_test.go

@@ -1969,7 +1969,7 @@ func testSetHeadWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
 	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func (basic *snapshotTestBasic) prepare(t *testing.T) (*BlockChain, []*types.Blo
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
 	ancient := filepath.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func (snaptest *crashSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	chain.triedb.Close()
 
 	// Start a new blockchain back up and see where the repair leads us
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(snaptest.datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(snaptest.datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -2492,7 +2492,7 @@ func testSideImportPrunedBlocks(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
 	ancient := path.Join(datadir, "ancient")
 
-	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false, true)
+	pdb, err := pebble.New(datadir, 0, 0, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}

core/filtermaps/chain_view.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ type blockchain interface {
 	GetHeader(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Header
 	GetCanonicalHash(number uint64) common.Hash
 	GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts
+	GetRawReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts
 }
 
 // ChainView represents an immutable view of a chain with a block id and a set
@@ -102,10 +103,23 @@ func (cv *ChainView) Receipts(number uint64) types.Receipts {
 	blockHash := cv.BlockHash(number)
 	if blockHash == (common.Hash{}) {
 		log.Error("Chain view: block hash unavailable", "number", number, "head", cv.headNumber)
+		return nil
 	}
 	return cv.chain.GetReceiptsByHash(blockHash)
 }
 
+// RawReceipts returns the set of receipts belonging to the block at the given
+// block number. Does not derive the fields of the receipts, should only be
+// used during creation of the filter maps, please use cv.Receipts during querying.
+func (cv *ChainView) RawReceipts(number uint64) types.Receipts {
+	blockHash := cv.BlockHash(number)
+	if blockHash == (common.Hash{}) {
+		log.Error("Chain view: block hash unavailable", "number", number, "head", cv.headNumber)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return cv.chain.GetRawReceiptsByHash(blockHash)
+}
+
 // SharedRange returns the block range shared by two chain views.
 func (cv *ChainView) SharedRange(cv2 *ChainView) common.Range[uint64] {
 	cv.lock.Lock()
@@ -121,14 +135,6 @@ func (cv *ChainView) SharedRange(cv2 *ChainView) common.Range[uint64] {
 	return common.NewRange(0, sharedLen)
 }
 
-// limitedView returns a new chain view that is a truncated version of the parent view.
-func (cv *ChainView) limitedView(newHead uint64) *ChainView {
-	if newHead >= cv.headNumber {
-		return cv
-	}
-	return NewChainView(cv.chain, newHead, cv.BlockHash(newHead))
-}
-
 // equalViews returns true if the two chain views are equivalent.
 func equalViews(cv1, cv2 *ChainView) bool {
 	if cv1 == nil || cv2 == nil {

core/filtermaps/filtermaps.go

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 const (
-	databaseVersion       = 1    // reindexed if database version does not match
+	databaseVersion       = 2    // reindexed if database version does not match
 	cachedLastBlocks      = 1000 // last block of map pointers
 	cachedLvPointers      = 1000 // first log value pointer of block pointers
 	cachedBaseRows        = 100  // groups of base layer filter row data
@@ -244,6 +244,8 @@ func NewFilterMaps(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, initView *ChainView, historyCutoff, f
 		disabledCh:        make(chan struct{}),
 		exportFileName:    config.ExportFileName,
 		Params:            params,
+		targetView:        initView,
+		indexedView:       initView,
 		indexedRange: filterMapsRange{
 			initialized:      initialized,
 			headIndexed:      rs.HeadIndexed,
@@ -265,16 +267,8 @@ func NewFilterMaps(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, initView *ChainView, historyCutoff, f
 		baseRowsCache:   lru.NewCache[uint64, [][]uint32](cachedBaseRows),
 		renderSnapshots: lru.NewCache[uint64, *renderedMap](cachedRenderSnapshots),
 	}
+	f.checkRevertRange() // revert maps that are inconsistent with the current chain view
 
-	// Set initial indexer target.
-	f.targetView = initView
-	if f.indexedRange.initialized {
-		f.indexedView = f.initChainView(f.targetView)
-		f.indexedRange.headIndexed = f.indexedRange.blocks.AfterLast() == f.indexedView.HeadNumber()+1
-		if !f.indexedRange.headIndexed {
-			f.indexedRange.headDelimiter = 0
-		}
-	}
 	if f.indexedRange.hasIndexedBlocks() {
 		log.Info("Initialized log indexer",
 			"first block", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
@@ -303,29 +297,40 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) Stop() {
 	f.closeWg.Wait()
 }
 
-// initChainView returns a chain view consistent with both the current target
+// checkRevertRange checks whether the existing index is consistent with the
-// view and the current state of the log index as found in the database, based
+// current indexed view and reverts inconsistent maps if necessary.
-// on the last block of stored maps.
+func (f *FilterMaps) checkRevertRange() {
-// Note that the returned view might be shorter than the existing index if
+	if f.indexedRange.maps.Count() == 0 {
-// the latest maps are not consistent with targetView.
+		return
-func (f *FilterMaps) initChainView(chainView *ChainView) *ChainView {
-	mapIndex := f.indexedRange.maps.AfterLast()
-	for {
-		var ok bool
-		mapIndex, ok = f.lastMapBoundaryBefore(mapIndex)
-		if !ok {
-			break
 	}
-		lastBlockNumber, lastBlockId, err := f.getLastBlockOfMap(mapIndex)
+	lastMap := f.indexedRange.maps.Last()
+	lastBlockNumber, lastBlockId, err := f.getLastBlockOfMap(lastMap)
 	if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Could not initialize indexed chain view", "error", err)
+		log.Error("Error initializing log index database; resetting log index", "error", err)
-			break
+		f.reset()
+		return
 	}
-		if lastBlockNumber <= chainView.HeadNumber() && chainView.BlockId(lastBlockNumber) == lastBlockId {
+	for lastBlockNumber > f.indexedView.HeadNumber() || f.indexedView.BlockId(lastBlockNumber) != lastBlockId {
-			return chainView.limitedView(lastBlockNumber)
+		// revert last map
+		if f.indexedRange.maps.Count() == 1 {
+			f.reset() // reset database if no rendered maps remained
+			return
 		}
+		lastMap--
+		newRange := f.indexedRange
+		newRange.maps.SetLast(lastMap)
+		lastBlockNumber, lastBlockId, err = f.getLastBlockOfMap(lastMap)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("Error initializing log index database; resetting log index", "error", err)
+			f.reset()
+			return
+		}
+		newRange.blocks.SetAfterLast(lastBlockNumber) // lastBlockNumber is probably partially indexed
+		newRange.headIndexed = false
+		newRange.headDelimiter = 0
+		// only shorten range and leave map data; next head render will overwrite it
+		f.setRange(f.db, f.indexedView, newRange, false)
 	}
-	return chainView.limitedView(0)
 }
 
 // reset un-initializes the FilterMaps structure and removes all related data from
@@ -662,15 +667,11 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) mapRowIndex(mapIndex, rowIndex uint32) uint64 {
 }
 
 // getBlockLvPointer returns the starting log value index where the log values
-// generated by the given block are located. If blockNumber is beyond the current
+// generated by the given block are located.
-// head then the first unoccupied log value index is returned.
 //
 // Note that this function assumes that the indexer read lock is being held when
 // called from outside the indexerLoop goroutine.
 func (f *FilterMaps) getBlockLvPointer(blockNumber uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	if blockNumber >= f.indexedRange.blocks.AfterLast() && f.indexedRange.headIndexed {
-		return f.indexedRange.headDelimiter + 1, nil
-	}
 	if lvPointer, ok := f.lvPointerCache.Get(blockNumber); ok {
 		return lvPointer, nil
 	}

core/filtermaps/indexer.go

@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) tryIndexHead() error {
 			((!f.loggedHeadIndex && time.Since(f.startedHeadIndexAt) > headLogDelay) ||
 				time.Since(f.lastLogHeadIndex) > logFrequency) {
 			log.Info("Log index head rendering in progress",
-				"first block", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
+				"firstblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "lastblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
 				"processed", f.indexedRange.blocks.AfterLast()-f.ptrHeadIndex,
 				"remaining", f.indexedView.HeadNumber()-f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
 				"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(f.startedHeadIndexAt)))
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) tryIndexHead() error {
 	}
 	if f.loggedHeadIndex && f.indexedRange.hasIndexedBlocks() {
 		log.Info("Log index head rendering finished",
-			"first block", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
+			"firstblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "lastblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
 			"processed", f.indexedRange.blocks.AfterLast()-f.ptrHeadIndex,
 			"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(f.startedHeadIndexAt)))
 	}
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) tryIndexTail() (bool, error) {
 			if f.indexedRange.hasIndexedBlocks() && f.ptrTailIndex >= f.indexedRange.blocks.First() &&
 				(!f.loggedTailIndex || time.Since(f.lastLogTailIndex) > logFrequency) {
 				log.Info("Log index tail rendering in progress",
-					"first block", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
+					"firstblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
 					"processed", f.ptrTailIndex-f.indexedRange.blocks.First()+tpb,
 					"remaining", remaining,
 					"next tail epoch percentage", f.indexedRange.tailPartialEpoch*100/f.mapsPerEpoch,
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) tryIndexTail() (bool, error) {
 	}
 	if f.loggedTailIndex && f.indexedRange.hasIndexedBlocks() {
 		log.Info("Log index tail rendering finished",
-			"first block", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "last block", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
+			"firstblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.First(), "lastblock", f.indexedRange.blocks.Last(),
 			"processed", f.ptrTailIndex-f.indexedRange.blocks.First(),
 			"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(f.startedTailIndexAt)))
 		f.loggedTailIndex = false

core/filtermaps/indexer_test.go

@@ -515,6 +515,13 @@ func (tc *testChain) GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
 	return tc.receipts[hash]
 }
 
+func (tc *testChain) GetRawReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
+	tc.lock.RLock()
+	defer tc.lock.RUnlock()
+
+	return tc.receipts[hash]
+}
+
 func (tc *testChain) addBlocks(count, maxTxPerBlock, maxLogsPerReceipt, maxTopicsPerLog int, random bool) {
 	tc.lock.Lock()
 	blockGen := func(i int, gen *core.BlockGen) {

core/filtermaps/map_renderer.go

@@ -468,15 +468,25 @@ func (r *mapRenderer) writeFinishedMaps(pauseCb func() bool) error {
 			r.f.filterMapCache.Remove(mapIndex)
 		}
 	}
+	var blockNumber uint64
+	if r.finished.First() > 0 {
+		// in order to always ensure continuous block pointers, initialize
+		// blockNumber based on the last block of the previous map, then verify
+		// against the first block associated with each rendered map
+		lastBlock, _, err := r.f.getLastBlockOfMap(r.finished.First() - 1)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get last block of previous map %d: %v", r.finished.First()-1, err)
+		}
+		blockNumber = lastBlock + 1
+	}
 	// add or update block pointers
-	blockNumber := r.finishedMaps[r.finished.First()].firstBlock()
 	for mapIndex := range r.finished.Iter() {
 		renderedMap := r.finishedMaps[mapIndex]
+		if blockNumber != renderedMap.firstBlock() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("non-continuous block numbers in rendered map %d (next expected: %d  first rendered: %d)", mapIndex, blockNumber, renderedMap.firstBlock())
+		}
 		r.f.storeLastBlockOfMap(batch, mapIndex, renderedMap.lastBlock, renderedMap.lastBlockId)
 		checkWriteCnt()
-		if blockNumber != renderedMap.firstBlock() {
-			panic("non-continuous block numbers")
-		}
 		for _, lvPtr := range renderedMap.blockLvPtrs {
 			r.f.storeBlockLvPointer(batch, blockNumber, lvPtr)
 			checkWriteCnt()
@@ -693,7 +703,7 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) newLogIteratorFromMapBoundary(mapIndex uint32, startBlock,
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iterator entry point %d after target chain head block %d", startBlock, f.targetView.HeadNumber())
 	}
 	// get block receipts
-	receipts := f.targetView.Receipts(startBlock)
+	receipts := f.targetView.RawReceipts(startBlock)
 	if receipts == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("receipts not found for start block %d", startBlock)
 	}
@@ -760,7 +770,7 @@ func (l *logIterator) next() error {
 	if l.delimiter {
 		l.delimiter = false
 		l.blockNumber++
-		l.receipts = l.chainView.Receipts(l.blockNumber)
+		l.receipts = l.chainView.RawReceipts(l.blockNumber)
 		if l.receipts == nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("receipts not found for block %d", l.blockNumber)
 		}

core/filtermaps/matcher_backend.go

@@ -82,13 +82,26 @@ func (fm *FilterMapsMatcherBackend) GetFilterMapRow(ctx context.Context, mapInde
 }
 
 // GetBlockLvPointer returns the starting log value index where the log values
-// generated by the given block are located. If blockNumber is beyond the current
+// generated by the given block are located. If blockNumber is beyond the last
-// head then the first unoccupied log value index is returned.
+// indexed block then the pointer will point right after this block, ensuring
+// that the matcher does not fail and can return a set of results where the
+// valid range is correct.
 // GetBlockLvPointer implements MatcherBackend.
 func (fm *FilterMapsMatcherBackend) GetBlockLvPointer(ctx context.Context, blockNumber uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	fm.f.indexLock.RLock()
 	defer fm.f.indexLock.RUnlock()
 
+	if blockNumber >= fm.f.indexedRange.blocks.AfterLast() {
+		if fm.f.indexedRange.headIndexed {
+			// return index after head block
+			return fm.f.indexedRange.headDelimiter + 1, nil
+		}
+		if fm.f.indexedRange.blocks.Count() > 0 {
+			// return index at the beginning of the last, partially indexed
+			// block (after the last fully indexed one)
+			blockNumber = fm.f.indexedRange.blocks.Last()
+		}
+	}
 	return fm.f.getBlockLvPointer(blockNumber)
 }
 

core/headerchain.go

@@ -591,17 +591,50 @@ func (hc *HeaderChain) setHead(headBlock uint64, headTime uint64, updateFn Updat
 				hashes = append(hashes, hdr.Hash())
 			}
 			for _, hash := range hashes {
+				// Remove the associated block body and receipts if required.
+				//
+				// If the block is in the chain freezer, then this delete operation
+				// is actually ineffective.
 				if delFn != nil {
 					delFn(batch, hash, num)
 				}
+				// Remove the hash->number mapping along with the header itself
 				rawdb.DeleteHeader(batch, hash, num)
 			}
+			// Remove the number->hash mapping
 			rawdb.DeleteCanonicalHash(batch, num)
 		}
 	}
 	// Flush all accumulated deletions.
 	if err := batch.Write(); err != nil {
-		log.Crit("Failed to rewind block", "error", err)
+		log.Crit("Failed to commit batch in setHead", "err", err)
+	}
+	// Explicitly flush the pending writes in the key-value store to disk, ensuring
+	// data durability of the previous deletions.
+	if err := hc.chainDb.SyncKeyValue(); err != nil {
+		log.Crit("Failed to sync the key-value store in setHead", "err", err)
+	}
+	// Truncate the excessive chain segments in the ancient store.
+	// These are actually deferred deletions from the loop above.
+	//
+	// This step must be performed after synchronizing the key-value store;
+	// otherwise, in the event of a panic, it's theoretically possible to
+	// lose recent key-value store writes while the ancient store deletions
+	// remain, leading to data inconsistency, e.g., the gap between the key
+	// value store and ancient can be created due to unclean shutdown.
+	if delFn != nil {
+		// Ignore the error here since light client won't hit this path
+		frozen, _ := hc.chainDb.Ancients()
+		header := hc.CurrentHeader()
+
+		// Truncate the excessive chain segment above the current chain head
+		// in the ancient store.
+		if header.Number.Uint64()+1 < frozen {
+			_, err := hc.chainDb.TruncateHead(header.Number.Uint64() + 1)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Crit("Failed to truncate head block", "err", err)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	// Clear out any stale content from the caches
 	hc.headerCache.Purge()

core/rawdb/accessors_state.go

@@ -258,13 +258,21 @@ func ReadStateHistory(db ethdb.AncientReaderOp, id uint64) ([]byte, []byte, []by
 // WriteStateHistory writes the provided state history to database. Compute the
 // position of state history in freezer by minus one since the id of first state
 // history starts from one(zero for initial state).
-func WriteStateHistory(db ethdb.AncientWriter, id uint64, meta []byte, accountIndex []byte, storageIndex []byte, accounts []byte, storages []byte) {
+func WriteStateHistory(db ethdb.AncientWriter, id uint64, meta []byte, accountIndex []byte, storageIndex []byte, accounts []byte, storages []byte) error {
-	db.ModifyAncients(func(op ethdb.AncientWriteOp) error {
+	_, err := db.ModifyAncients(func(op ethdb.AncientWriteOp) error {
-		op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryMeta, id-1, meta)
+		if err := op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryMeta, id-1, meta); err != nil {
-		op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryAccountIndex, id-1, accountIndex)
+			return err
-		op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryStorageIndex, id-1, storageIndex)
+		}
-		op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryAccountData, id-1, accounts)
+		if err := op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryAccountIndex, id-1, accountIndex); err != nil {
-		op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryStorageData, id-1, storages)
+			return err
-		return nil
+		}
+		if err := op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryStorageIndex, id-1, storageIndex); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryAccountData, id-1, accounts); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return op.AppendRaw(stateHistoryStorageData, id-1, storages)
 	})
+	return err
 }

core/rawdb/accessors_trie.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ package rawdb
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
@@ -45,25 +44,6 @@ const HashScheme = "hash"
 // on extra state diffs to survive deep reorg.
 const PathScheme = "path"
 
-// hasher is used to compute the sha256 hash of the provided data.
-type hasher struct{ sha crypto.KeccakState }
-
-var hasherPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() interface{} { return &hasher{sha: crypto.NewKeccakState()} },
-}
-
-func newHasher() *hasher {
-	return hasherPool.Get().(*hasher)
-}
-
-func (h *hasher) hash(data []byte) common.Hash {
-	return crypto.HashData(h.sha, data)
-}
-
-func (h *hasher) release() {
-	hasherPool.Put(h)
-}
-
 // ReadAccountTrieNode retrieves the account trie node with the specified node path.
 func ReadAccountTrieNode(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, path []byte) []byte {
 	data, _ := db.Get(accountTrieNodeKey(path))
@@ -170,9 +150,7 @@ func HasTrieNode(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, owner common.Hash, path []byte, hash c
 		if len(blob) == 0 {
 			return false
 		}
-		h := newHasher()
+		return crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob) == hash // exists but not match
-		defer h.release()
-		return h.hash(blob) == hash // exists but not match
 	default:
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown scheme %v", scheme))
 	}
@@ -194,9 +172,7 @@ func ReadTrieNode(db ethdb.KeyValueReader, owner common.Hash, path []byte, hash
 		if len(blob) == 0 {
 			return nil
 		}
-		h := newHasher()
+		if crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob) != hash {
-		defer h.release()
-		if h.hash(blob) != hash {
 			return nil // exists but not match
 		}
 		return blob

core/rawdb/chain_freezer.go

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func (f *chainFreezer) freeze(db ethdb.KeyValueStore) {
 			continue
 		}
 		// Batch of blocks have been frozen, flush them before wiping from key-value store
-		if err := f.Sync(); err != nil {
+		if err := f.SyncAncient(); err != nil {
 			log.Crit("Failed to flush frozen tables", "err", err)
 		}
 		// Wipe out all data from the active database

core/rawdb/database.go

@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ func (db *nofreezedb) TruncateTail(items uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	return 0, errNotSupported
 }
 
-// Sync returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
+// SyncAncient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
-func (db *nofreezedb) Sync() error {
+func (db *nofreezedb) SyncAncient() error {
 	return errNotSupported
 }
 

core/rawdb/freezer.go

@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ func (f *Freezer) TruncateTail(tail uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	return old, nil
 }
 
-// Sync flushes all data tables to disk.
+// SyncAncient flushes all data tables to disk.
-func (f *Freezer) Sync() error {
+func (f *Freezer) SyncAncient() error {
 	var errs []error
 	for _, table := range f.tables {
 		if err := table.Sync(); err != nil {

core/rawdb/freezer_memory.go

@@ -395,8 +395,8 @@ func (f *MemoryFreezer) TruncateTail(tail uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	return old, nil
 }
 
-// Sync flushes all data tables to disk.
+// SyncAncient flushes all data tables to disk.
-func (f *MemoryFreezer) Sync() error {
+func (f *MemoryFreezer) SyncAncient() error {
 	return nil
 }
 

core/rawdb/freezer_resettable.go

@@ -194,12 +194,12 @@ func (f *resettableFreezer) TruncateTail(tail uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	return f.freezer.TruncateTail(tail)
 }
 
-// Sync flushes all data tables to disk.
+// SyncAncient flushes all data tables to disk.
-func (f *resettableFreezer) Sync() error {
+func (f *resettableFreezer) SyncAncient() error {
 	f.lock.RLock()
 	defer f.lock.RUnlock()
 
-	return f.freezer.Sync()
+	return f.freezer.SyncAncient()
 }
 
 // AncientDatadir returns the path of the ancient store.

core/rawdb/freezer_test.go

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ func TestFreezerCloseSync(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if err := f.Sync(); err == nil {
+	if err := f.SyncAncient(); err == nil {
 		t.Fatalf("want error, have nil")
 	} else if have, want := err.Error(), "[closed closed]"; have != want {
 		t.Fatalf("want %v, have %v", have, want)

core/rawdb/table.go

@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ func (t *table) TruncateTail(items uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	return t.db.TruncateTail(items)
 }
 
-// Sync is a noop passthrough that just forwards the request to the underlying
+// SyncAncient is a noop passthrough that just forwards the request to the underlying
 // database.
-func (t *table) Sync() error {
+func (t *table) SyncAncient() error {
-	return t.db.Sync()
+	return t.db.SyncAncient()
 }
 
 // AncientDatadir returns the ancient datadir of the underlying database.
@@ -188,6 +188,12 @@ func (t *table) Compact(start []byte, limit []byte) error {
 	return t.db.Compact(start, limit)
 }
 
+// SyncKeyValue ensures that all pending writes are flushed to disk,
+// guaranteeing data durability up to the point.
+func (t *table) SyncKeyValue() error {
+	return t.db.SyncKeyValue()
+}
+
 // NewBatch creates a write-only database that buffers changes to its host db
 // until a final write is called, each operation prefixing all keys with the
 // pre-configured string.

core/state/database.go

@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	// Number of codehash->size associations to keep.
-	codeSizeCacheSize = 100000
+	codeSizeCacheSize = 1_000_000 // 4 megabytes in total
 
 	// Cache size granted for caching clean code.
-	codeCacheSize = 64 * 1024 * 1024
+	codeCacheSize = 256 * 1024 * 1024
 
 	// Number of address->curve point associations to keep.
 	pointCacheSize = 4096
@@ -208,6 +208,15 @@ func (db *CachingDB) Reader(stateRoot common.Hash) (Reader, error) {
 	return newReader(newCachingCodeReader(db.disk, db.codeCache, db.codeSizeCache), combined), nil
 }
 
+// ReaderWithCache creates a state reader with internal local cache.
+func (db *CachingDB) ReaderWithCache(stateRoot common.Hash) (Reader, error) {
+	reader, err := db.Reader(stateRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return newReaderWithCache(reader), nil
+}
+
 // OpenTrie opens the main account trie at a specific root hash.
 func (db *CachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 	if db.triedb.IsVerkle() {

core/state/reader.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package state
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/lru"
@@ -51,6 +52,9 @@ type ContractCodeReader interface {
 
 // StateReader defines the interface for accessing accounts and storage slots
 // associated with a specific state.
+//
+// StateReader is assumed to be thread-safe and implementation must take care
+// of the concurrency issue by themselves.
 type StateReader interface {
 	// Account retrieves the account associated with a particular address.
 	//
@@ -70,6 +74,9 @@ type StateReader interface {
 
 // Reader defines the interface for accessing accounts, storage slots and contract
 // code associated with a specific state.
+//
+// Reader is assumed to be thread-safe and implementation must take care of the
+// concurrency issue by themselves.
 type Reader interface {
 	ContractCodeReader
 	StateReader
@@ -77,6 +84,8 @@ type Reader interface {
 
 // cachingCodeReader implements ContractCodeReader, accessing contract code either in
 // local key-value store or the shared code cache.
+//
+// cachingCodeReader is safe for concurrent access.
 type cachingCodeReader struct {
 	db ethdb.KeyValueReader
 
@@ -123,18 +132,14 @@ func (r *cachingCodeReader) CodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash)
 	return len(code), nil
 }
 
-// flatReader wraps a database state reader.
+// flatReader wraps a database state reader and is safe for concurrent access.
 type flatReader struct {
 	reader database.StateReader
-	buff   crypto.KeccakState
 }
 
 // newFlatReader constructs a state reader with on the given state root.
 func newFlatReader(reader database.StateReader) *flatReader {
-	return &flatReader{
+	return &flatReader{reader: reader}
-		reader: reader,
-		buff:   crypto.NewKeccakState(),
-	}
 }
 
 // Account implements StateReader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
@@ -144,7 +149,7 @@ func newFlatReader(reader database.StateReader) *flatReader {
 //
 // The returned account might be nil if it's not existent.
 func (r *flatReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
-	account, err := r.reader.Account(crypto.HashData(r.buff, addr.Bytes()))
+	account, err := r.reader.Account(crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr.Bytes()))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -174,8 +179,8 @@ func (r *flatReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
 //
 // The returned storage slot might be empty if it's not existent.
 func (r *flatReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
-	addrHash := crypto.HashData(r.buff, addr.Bytes())
+	addrHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr.Bytes())
-	slotHash := crypto.HashData(r.buff, key.Bytes())
+	slotHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(key.Bytes())
 	ret, err := r.reader.Storage(addrHash, slotHash)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
@@ -196,13 +201,20 @@ func (r *flatReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash,
 
 // trieReader implements the StateReader interface, providing functions to access
 // state from the referenced trie.
+//
+// trieReader is safe for concurrent read.
 type trieReader struct {
 	root common.Hash        // State root which uniquely represent a state
 	db   *triedb.Database   // Database for loading trie
 	buff crypto.KeccakState // Buffer for keccak256 hashing
-	mainTrie Trie                           // Main trie, resolved in constructor
+
+	// Main trie, resolved in constructor. Note either the Merkle-Patricia-tree
+	// or Verkle-tree is not safe for concurrent read.
+	mainTrie Trie
+
 	subRoots map[common.Address]common.Hash // Set of storage roots, cached when the account is resolved
 	subTries map[common.Address]Trie        // Group of storage tries, cached when it's resolved
+	lock     sync.Mutex                     // Lock for protecting concurrent read
 }
 
 // trieReader constructs a trie reader of the specific state. An error will be
@@ -230,11 +242,8 @@ func newTrieReader(root common.Hash, db *triedb.Database, cache *utils.PointCach
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// Account implements StateReader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
+// account is the inner version of Account and assumes the r.lock is already held.
-//
+func (r *trieReader) account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
-// An error will be returned if the trie state is corrupted. An nil account
-// will be returned if it's not existent in the trie.
-func (r *trieReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
 	account, err := r.mainTrie.GetAccount(addr)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -247,12 +256,26 @@ func (r *trieReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
 	return account, nil
 }
 
+// Account implements StateReader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the trie state is corrupted. An nil account
+// will be returned if it's not existent in the trie.
+func (r *trieReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
+	r.lock.Lock()
+	defer r.lock.Unlock()
+
+	return r.account(addr)
+}
+
 // Storage implements StateReader, retrieving the storage slot specified by the
 // address and slot key.
 //
 // An error will be returned if the trie state is corrupted. An empty storage
 // slot will be returned if it's not existent in the trie.
 func (r *trieReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
+	r.lock.Lock()
+	defer r.lock.Unlock()
+
 	var (
 		tr    Trie
 		found bool
@@ -268,7 +291,7 @@ func (r *trieReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash,
 			// The storage slot is accessed without account caching. It's unexpected
 			// behavior but try to resolve the account first anyway.
 			if !ok {
-				_, err := r.Account(addr)
+				_, err := r.account(addr)
 				if err != nil {
 					return common.Hash{}, err
 				}
@@ -293,6 +316,9 @@ func (r *trieReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash,
 // multiStateReader is the aggregation of a list of StateReader interface,
 // providing state access by leveraging all readers. The checking priority
 // is determined by the position in the reader list.
+//
+// multiStateReader is safe for concurrent read and assumes all underlying
+// readers are thread-safe as well.
 type multiStateReader struct {
 	readers []StateReader // List of state readers, sorted by checking priority
 }
@@ -358,3 +384,95 @@ func newReader(codeReader ContractCodeReader, stateReader StateReader) *reader {
 		StateReader:        stateReader,
 	}
 }
+
+// readerWithCache is a wrapper around Reader that maintains additional state caches
+// to support concurrent state access.
+type readerWithCache struct {
+	Reader // safe for concurrent read
+
+	// Previously resolved state entries.
+	accounts    map[common.Address]*types.StateAccount
+	accountLock sync.RWMutex
+
+	// List of storage buckets, each of which is thread-safe.
+	// This reader is typically used in scenarios requiring concurrent
+	// access to storage. Using multiple buckets helps mitigate
+	// the overhead caused by locking.
+	storageBuckets [16]struct {
+		lock     sync.RWMutex
+		storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash]common.Hash
+	}
+}
+
+// newReaderWithCache constructs the reader with local cache.
+func newReaderWithCache(reader Reader) *readerWithCache {
+	r := &readerWithCache{
+		Reader:   reader,
+		accounts: make(map[common.Address]*types.StateAccount),
+	}
+	for i := range r.storageBuckets {
+		r.storageBuckets[i].storages = make(map[common.Address]map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+// Account implements StateReader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
+// The returned account might be nil if it's not existent.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the state is corrupted in the underlying reader.
+func (r *readerWithCache) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
+	// Try to resolve the requested account in the local cache
+	r.accountLock.RLock()
+	acct, ok := r.accounts[addr]
+	r.accountLock.RUnlock()
+	if ok {
+		return acct, nil
+	}
+	// Try to resolve the requested account from the underlying reader
+	acct, err := r.Reader.Account(addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	r.accountLock.Lock()
+	r.accounts[addr] = acct
+	r.accountLock.Unlock()
+	return acct, nil
+}
+
+// Storage implements StateReader, retrieving the storage slot specified by the
+// address and slot key. The returned storage slot might be empty if it's not
+// existent.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the state is corrupted in the underlying reader.
+func (r *readerWithCache) Storage(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
+	var (
+		value  common.Hash
+		ok     bool
+		bucket = &r.storageBuckets[addr[0]&0x0f]
+	)
+	// Try to resolve the requested storage slot in the local cache
+	bucket.lock.RLock()
+	slots, ok := bucket.storages[addr]
+	if ok {
+		value, ok = slots[slot]
+	}
+	bucket.lock.RUnlock()
+	if ok {
+		return value, nil
+	}
+	// Try to resolve the requested storage slot from the underlying reader
+	value, err := r.Reader.Storage(addr, slot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+	bucket.lock.Lock()
+	slots, ok = bucket.storages[addr]
+	if !ok {
+		slots = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
+		bucket.storages[addr] = slots
+	}
+	slots[slot] = value
+	bucket.lock.Unlock()
+
+	return value, nil
+}

core/state/statedb.go

@@ -159,11 +159,17 @@ type StateDB struct {
 
 // New creates a new state from a given trie.
 func New(root common.Hash, db Database) (*StateDB, error) {
-	tr, err := db.OpenTrie(root)
+	reader, err := db.Reader(root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	reader, err := db.Reader(root)
+	return NewWithReader(root, db, reader)
+}
+
+// NewWithReader creates a new state for the specified state root. Unlike New,
+// this function accepts an additional Reader which is bound to the given root.
+func NewWithReader(root common.Hash, db Database, reader Reader) (*StateDB, error) {
+	tr, err := db.OpenTrie(root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -392,6 +398,12 @@ func (s *StateDB) Database() Database {
 	return s.db
 }
 
+// Reader retrieves the low level database reader supporting the
+// lower level operations.
+func (s *StateDB) Reader() Reader {
+	return s.reader
+}
+
 func (s *StateDB) HasSelfDestructed(addr common.Address) bool {
 	stateObject := s.getStateObject(addr)
 	if stateObject != nil {
@@ -650,11 +662,10 @@ func (s *StateDB) CreateContract(addr common.Address) {
 // Snapshots of the copied state cannot be applied to the copy.
 func (s *StateDB) Copy() *StateDB {
 	// Copy all the basic fields, initialize the memory ones
-	reader, _ := s.db.Reader(s.originalRoot) // impossible to fail
 	state := &StateDB{
 		db:                   s.db,
 		trie:                 mustCopyTrie(s.trie),
-		reader:               reader,
+		reader:               s.reader,
 		originalRoot:         s.originalRoot,
 		stateObjects:         make(map[common.Address]*stateObject, len(s.stateObjects)),
 		stateObjectsDestruct: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject, len(s.stateObjectsDestruct)),

core/state_prefetcher.go

@@ -17,17 +17,22 @@
 package core
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"runtime"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 )
 
-// statePrefetcher is a basic Prefetcher, which blindly executes a block on top
+// statePrefetcher is a basic Prefetcher that executes transactions from a block
-// of an arbitrary state with the goal of prefetching potentially useful state
+// on top of the parent state, aiming to prefetch potentially useful state data
-// data from disk before the main block processor start executing.
+// from disk. Transactions are executed in parallel to fully leverage the
+// SSD's read performance.
 type statePrefetcher struct {
 	config *params.ChainConfig // Chain configuration options
 	chain  *HeaderChain        // Canonical block chain
@@ -43,41 +48,81 @@ func newStatePrefetcher(config *params.ChainConfig, chain *HeaderChain) *statePr
 
 // Prefetch processes the state changes according to the Ethereum rules by running
 // the transaction messages using the statedb, but any changes are discarded. The
-// only goal is to pre-cache transaction signatures and state trie nodes.
+// only goal is to warm the state caches.
 func (p *statePrefetcher) Prefetch(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interrupt *atomic.Bool) {
 	var (
+		fails   atomic.Int64
 		header  = block.Header()
-		gaspool      = new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit())
-		blockContext = NewEVMBlockContext(header, p.chain, nil)
-		evm          = vm.NewEVM(blockContext, statedb, p.config, cfg)
 		signer  = types.MakeSigner(p.config, header.Number, header.Time)
+		workers errgroup.Group
+		reader  = statedb.Reader()
 	)
+	workers.SetLimit(runtime.NumCPU() / 2)
+
 	// Iterate over and process the individual transactions
-	byzantium := p.config.IsByzantium(block.Number())
 	for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
+		stateCpy := statedb.Copy() // closure
+		workers.Go(func() error {
 			// If block precaching was interrupted, abort
 			if interrupt != nil && interrupt.Load() {
-			return
+				return nil
 			}
+			// Preload the touched accounts and storage slots in advance
+			sender, err := types.Sender(signer, tx)
+			if err != nil {
+				fails.Add(1)
+				return nil
+			}
+			reader.Account(sender)
+
+			if tx.To() != nil {
+				account, _ := reader.Account(*tx.To())
+
+				// Preload the contract code if the destination has non-empty code
+				if account != nil && !bytes.Equal(account.CodeHash, types.EmptyCodeHash.Bytes()) {
+					reader.Code(*tx.To(), common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
+				}
+			}
+			for _, list := range tx.AccessList() {
+				reader.Account(list.Address)
+				if len(list.StorageKeys) > 0 {
+					for _, slot := range list.StorageKeys {
+						reader.Storage(list.Address, slot)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			// Execute the message to preload the implicit touched states
+			evm := vm.NewEVM(NewEVMBlockContext(header, p.chain, nil), stateCpy, p.config, cfg)
+
 			// Convert the transaction into an executable message and pre-cache its sender
 			msg, err := TransactionToMessage(tx, signer, header.BaseFee)
 			if err != nil {
-			return // Also invalid block, bail out
+				fails.Add(1)
+				return nil // Also invalid block, bail out
 			}
-		statedb.SetTxContext(tx.Hash(), i)
+			// Disable the nonce check
+			msg.SkipNonceChecks = true
+
+			stateCpy.SetTxContext(tx.Hash(), i)
 
 			// We attempt to apply a transaction. The goal is not to execute
 			// the transaction successfully, rather to warm up touched data slots.
-		if _, err := ApplyMessage(evm, msg, gaspool); err != nil {
+			if _, err := ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit())); err != nil {
-			return // Ugh, something went horribly wrong, bail out
+				fails.Add(1)
+				return nil // Ugh, something went horribly wrong, bail out
 			}
-		// If we're pre-byzantium, pre-load trie nodes for the intermediate root
+			// Pre-load trie nodes for the intermediate root.
-		if !byzantium {
+			//
-			statedb.IntermediateRoot(true)
+			// This operation incurs significant memory allocations due to
-		}
+			// trie hashing and node decoding. TODO(rjl493456442): investigate
-	}
+			// ways to mitigate this overhead.
-	// If were post-byzantium, pre-load trie nodes for the final root hash
+			stateCpy.IntermediateRoot(true)
-	if byzantium {
+			return nil
-		statedb.IntermediateRoot(true)
+		})
 	}
+	workers.Wait()
+
+	blockPrefetchTxsValidMeter.Mark(int64(len(block.Transactions())) - fails.Load())
+	blockPrefetchTxsInvalidMeter.Mark(fails.Load())
+	return
 }

core/state_transition.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import (
 // message no matter the execution itself is successful or not.
 type ExecutionResult struct {
 	UsedGas    uint64 // Total used gas, not including the refunded gas
-	RefundedGas uint64 // Total gas refunded after execution
+	MaxUsedGas uint64 // Maximum gas consumed during execution, excluding gas refunds.
 	Err        error  // Any error encountered during the execution(listed in core/vm/errors.go)
 	ReturnData []byte // Returned data from evm(function result or data supplied with revert opcode)
 }
@@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ type Message struct {
 
 	// When SkipNonceChecks is true, the message nonce is not checked against the
 	// account nonce in state.
-	// This field will be set to true for operations like RPC eth_call.
+	//
+	// This field will be set to true for operations like RPC eth_call
+	// or the state prefetching.
 	SkipNonceChecks bool
 
 	// When SkipFromEOACheck is true, the message sender is not checked to be an EOA.
@@ -509,9 +511,12 @@ func (st *stateTransition) execute() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 		ret, st.gasRemaining, vmerr = st.evm.Call(msg.From, st.to(), msg.Data, st.gasRemaining, value)
 	}
 
+	// Record the gas used excluding gas refunds. This value represents the actual
+	// gas allowance required to complete execution.
+	peakGasUsed := st.gasUsed()
+
 	// Compute refund counter, capped to a refund quotient.
-	gasRefund := st.calcRefund()
+	st.gasRemaining += st.calcRefund()
-	st.gasRemaining += gasRefund
 	if rules.IsPrague {
 		// After EIP-7623: Data-heavy transactions pay the floor gas.
 		if st.gasUsed() < floorDataGas {
@@ -521,6 +526,9 @@ func (st *stateTransition) execute() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 				t.OnGasChange(prev, st.gasRemaining, tracing.GasChangeTxDataFloor)
 			}
 		}
+		if peakGasUsed < floorDataGas {
+			peakGasUsed = floorDataGas
+		}
 	}
 	st.returnGas()
 
@@ -550,7 +558,7 @@ func (st *stateTransition) execute() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 
 	return &ExecutionResult{
 		UsedGas:    st.gasUsed(),
-		RefundedGas: gasRefund,
+		MaxUsedGas: peakGasUsed,
 		Err:        vmerr,
 		ReturnData: ret,
 	}, nil

core/txindexer.go

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 package core
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"sync/atomic"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
@@ -47,11 +47,21 @@ type txIndexer struct {
 	//       and all others shouldn't.
 	limit uint64
 
+	// The current head of blockchain for transaction indexing. This field
+	// is accessed by both the indexer and the indexing progress queries.
+	head atomic.Uint64
+
+	// The current tail of the indexed transactions, null indicates
+	// that no transactions have been indexed yet.
+	//
+	// This field is accessed by both the indexer and the indexing
+	// progress queries.
+	tail atomic.Pointer[uint64]
+
 	// cutoff denotes the block number before which the chain segment should
 	// be pruned and not available locally.
 	cutoff uint64
 	db     ethdb.Database
-	progress chan chan TxIndexProgress
 	term   chan chan struct{}
 	closed chan struct{}
 }
@@ -63,10 +73,12 @@ func newTxIndexer(limit uint64, chain *BlockChain) *txIndexer {
 		limit:  limit,
 		cutoff: cutoff,
 		db:     chain.db,
-		progress: make(chan chan TxIndexProgress),
 		term:   make(chan chan struct{}),
 		closed: make(chan struct{}),
 	}
+	indexer.head.Store(indexer.resolveHead())
+	indexer.tail.Store(rawdb.ReadTxIndexTail(chain.db))
+
 	go indexer.loop(chain)
 
 	var msg string
@@ -154,6 +166,7 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) repair(head uint64) {
 		// A crash may occur between the two delete operations,
 		// potentially leaving dangling indexes in the database.
 		// However, this is considered acceptable.
+		indexer.tail.Store(nil)
 		rawdb.DeleteTxIndexTail(indexer.db)
 		rawdb.DeleteAllTxLookupEntries(indexer.db, nil)
 		log.Warn("Purge transaction indexes", "head", head, "tail", *tail)
@@ -174,6 +187,7 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) repair(head uint64) {
 		// Traversing the database directly within the transaction
 		// index namespace might be slow and expensive, but we
 		// have no choice.
+		indexer.tail.Store(nil)
 		rawdb.DeleteTxIndexTail(indexer.db)
 		rawdb.DeleteAllTxLookupEntries(indexer.db, nil)
 		log.Warn("Purge transaction indexes", "head", head, "cutoff", indexer.cutoff)
@@ -187,6 +201,7 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) repair(head uint64) {
 		// A crash may occur between the two delete operations,
 		// potentially leaving dangling indexes in the database.
 		// However, this is considered acceptable.
+		indexer.tail.Store(&indexer.cutoff)
 		rawdb.WriteTxIndexTail(indexer.db, indexer.cutoff)
 		rawdb.DeleteAllTxLookupEntries(indexer.db, func(txhash common.Hash, blob []byte) bool {
 			n := rawdb.DecodeTxLookupEntry(blob, indexer.db)
@@ -218,14 +233,13 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) loop(chain *BlockChain) {
 	var (
 		stop   chan struct{} // Non-nil if background routine is active
 		done   chan struct{} // Non-nil if background routine is active
-		head = indexer.resolveHead() // The latest announced chain head
-
 		headCh = make(chan ChainHeadEvent)
 		sub    = chain.SubscribeChainHeadEvent(headCh)
 	)
 	defer sub.Unsubscribe()
 
 	// Validate the transaction indexes and repair if necessary
+	head := indexer.head.Load()
 	indexer.repair(head)
 
 	// Launch the initial processing if chain is not empty (head != genesis).
@@ -238,17 +252,18 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) loop(chain *BlockChain) {
 	for {
 		select {
 		case h := <-headCh:
+			indexer.head.Store(h.Header.Number.Uint64())
 			if done == nil {
 				stop = make(chan struct{})
 				done = make(chan struct{})
 				go indexer.run(h.Header.Number.Uint64(), stop, done)
 			}
-			head = h.Header.Number.Uint64()
+
 		case <-done:
 			stop = nil
 			done = nil
-		case ch := <-indexer.progress:
+			indexer.tail.Store(rawdb.ReadTxIndexTail(indexer.db))
-			ch <- indexer.report(head)
+
 		case ch := <-indexer.term:
 			if stop != nil {
 				close(stop)
@@ -264,7 +279,7 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) loop(chain *BlockChain) {
 }
 
 // report returns the tx indexing progress.
-func (indexer *txIndexer) report(head uint64) TxIndexProgress {
+func (indexer *txIndexer) report(head uint64, tail *uint64) TxIndexProgress {
 	// Special case if the head is even below the cutoff,
 	// nothing to index.
 	if head < indexer.cutoff {
@@ -284,7 +299,6 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) report(head uint64) TxIndexProgress {
 	}
 	// Compute how many blocks have been indexed
 	var indexed uint64
-	tail := rawdb.ReadTxIndexTail(indexer.db)
 	if tail != nil {
 		indexed = head - *tail + 1
 	}
@@ -300,16 +314,12 @@ func (indexer *txIndexer) report(head uint64) TxIndexProgress {
 	}
 }
 
-// txIndexProgress retrieves the tx indexing progress, or an error if the
+// txIndexProgress retrieves the transaction indexing progress. The reported
-// background tx indexer is already stopped.
+// progress may slightly lag behind the actual indexing state, as the tail is
-func (indexer *txIndexer) txIndexProgress() (TxIndexProgress, error) {
+// only updated at the end of each indexing operation. However, this delay is
-	ch := make(chan TxIndexProgress, 1)
+// considered acceptable.
-	select {
+func (indexer *txIndexer) txIndexProgress() TxIndexProgress {
-	case indexer.progress <- ch:
+	return indexer.report(indexer.head.Load(), indexer.tail.Load())
-		return <-ch, nil
-	case <-indexer.closed:
-		return TxIndexProgress{}, errors.New("indexer is closed")
-	}
 }
 
 // close shutdown the indexer. Safe to be called for multiple times.

core/txindexer_test.go

@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ func TestTxIndexer(t *testing.T) {
 		indexer := &txIndexer{
 			limit: 0,
 			db:    db,
-			progress: make(chan chan TxIndexProgress),
 		}
 		for i, limit := range c.limits {
 			indexer.limit = limit
@@ -243,7 +242,6 @@ func TestTxIndexerRepair(t *testing.T) {
 		indexer := &txIndexer{
 			limit: c.limit,
 			db:    db,
-			progress: make(chan chan TxIndexProgress),
 		}
 		indexer.run(chainHead, make(chan struct{}), make(chan struct{}))
 
@@ -435,12 +433,8 @@ func TestTxIndexerReport(t *testing.T) {
 			limit:  c.limit,
 			cutoff: c.cutoff,
 			db:     db,
-			progress: make(chan chan TxIndexProgress),
 		}
-		if c.tail != nil {
+		p := indexer.report(c.head, c.tail)
-			rawdb.WriteTxIndexTail(db, *c.tail)
-		}
-		p := indexer.report(c.head)
 		if p.Indexed != c.expIndexed {
 			t.Fatalf("Unexpected indexed: %d, expected: %d", p.Indexed, c.expIndexed)
 		}

core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go

@@ -1939,7 +1939,7 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) Clear() {
 		pool.reserver.Release(addr)
 	}
 	pool.all.Clear()
-	pool.priced = newPricedList(pool.all)
+	pool.priced.Reheap()
 	pool.pending = make(map[common.Address]*list)
 	pool.queue = make(map[common.Address]*list)
 	pool.pendingNonces = newNoncer(pool.currentState)

core/txpool/validation.go

@@ -202,6 +202,9 @@ func validateBlobSidecarOsaka(hashes []common.Hash, sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar
 	if len(sidecar.Blobs) != len(hashes) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blobs compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Blobs), len(hashes))
 	}
+	if len(sidecar.Commitments) != len(hashes) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d commitments compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Commitments), len(hashes))
+	}
 	if len(sidecar.Proofs) != len(hashes)*kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob proofs expected %d", len(sidecar.Proofs), len(hashes)*kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob)
 	}
@@ -210,14 +213,13 @@ func validateBlobSidecarOsaka(hashes []common.Hash, sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar
 	}
 	// Blob commitments match with the hashes in the transaction, verify the
 	// blobs themselves via KZG
-	for i := range sidecar.Blobs {
+	var blobs []*kzg4844.Blob
-		// TODO verify the cell proof here
+	for _, blob := range sidecar.Blobs {
-		_ = i
+		blobs = append(blobs, &blob)
-		/*
-			if err := kzg4844.VerifyBlobProof(&sidecar.Blobs[i], sidecar.Commitments[i], sidecar.Proofs[i]); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("invalid blob %d: %v", i, err)
 	}
-		*/
+
+	if err := kzg4844.VerifyCellProofs(blobs, sidecar.Commitments, sidecar.Proofs); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }

core/types/account.go

@@ -38,9 +38,6 @@ type Account struct {
 	Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"storage,omitempty"`
 	Balance *big.Int                    `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"`
 	Nonce   uint64                      `json:"nonce,omitempty"`
-
-	// used in tests
-	PrivateKey []byte `json:"secretKey,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type accountMarshaling struct {
@@ -48,7 +45,6 @@ type accountMarshaling struct {
 	Balance *math.HexOrDecimal256
 	Nonce   math.HexOrDecimal64
 	Storage map[storageJSON]storageJSON
-	PrivateKey hexutil.Bytes
 }
 
 // storageJSON represents a 256 bit byte array, but allows less than 256 bits when

core/types/gen_account.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ func (a Account) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		Storage map[storageJSON]storageJSON `json:"storage,omitempty"`
 		Balance *math.HexOrDecimal256       `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"`
 		Nonce   math.HexOrDecimal64         `json:"nonce,omitempty"`
-		PrivateKey hexutil.Bytes               `json:"secretKey,omitempty"`
 	}
 	var enc Account
 	enc.Code = a.Code
@@ -33,7 +32,6 @@ func (a Account) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 	enc.Balance = (*math.HexOrDecimal256)(a.Balance)
 	enc.Nonce = math.HexOrDecimal64(a.Nonce)
-	enc.PrivateKey = a.PrivateKey
 	return json.Marshal(&enc)
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +42,6 @@ func (a *Account) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 		Storage map[storageJSON]storageJSON `json:"storage,omitempty"`
 		Balance *math.HexOrDecimal256       `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"`
 		Nonce   *math.HexOrDecimal64        `json:"nonce,omitempty"`
-		PrivateKey *hexutil.Bytes              `json:"secretKey,omitempty"`
 	}
 	var dec Account
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(input, &dec); err != nil {
@@ -66,8 +63,5 @@ func (a *Account) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if dec.Nonce != nil {
 		a.Nonce = uint64(*dec.Nonce)
 	}
-	if dec.PrivateKey != nil {
-		a.PrivateKey = *dec.PrivateKey
-	}
 	return nil
 }

core/types/hashing.go

@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
-	"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
 )
 
 // hasherPool holds LegacyKeccak256 hashers for rlpHash.
 var hasherPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() interface{} { return sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256() },
+	New: func() interface{} { return crypto.NewKeccakState() },
 }
 
 // encodeBufferPool holds temporary encoder buffers for DeriveSha and TX encoding.

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -555,7 +555,8 @@ func (evm *EVM) Create(caller common.Address, code []byte, gas uint64, value *ui
 // The different between Create2 with Create is Create2 uses keccak256(0xff ++ msg.sender ++ salt ++ keccak256(init_code))[12:]
 // instead of the usual sender-and-nonce-hash as the address where the contract is initialized at.
 func (evm *EVM) Create2(caller common.Address, code []byte, gas uint64, endowment *uint256.Int, salt *uint256.Int) (ret []byte, contractAddr common.Address, leftOverGas uint64, err error) {
-	contractAddr = crypto.CreateAddress2(caller, salt.Bytes32(), crypto.Keccak256(code))
+	inithash := crypto.HashData(evm.interpreter.hasher, code)
+	contractAddr = crypto.CreateAddress2(caller, salt.Bytes32(), inithash[:])
 	return evm.create(caller, code, gas, endowment, contractAddr, CREATE2)
 }
 

core/vm/instructions.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
 )
@@ -234,11 +233,7 @@ func opKeccak256(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) (
 	offset, size := scope.Stack.pop(), scope.Stack.peek()
 	data := scope.Memory.GetPtr(offset.Uint64(), size.Uint64())
 
-	if interpreter.hasher == nil {
-		interpreter.hasher = crypto.NewKeccakState()
-	} else {
 	interpreter.hasher.Reset()
-	}
 	interpreter.hasher.Write(data)
 	interpreter.hasher.Read(interpreter.hasherBuf[:])
 

core/vm/interpreter.go

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func NewEVMInterpreter(evm *EVM) *EVMInterpreter {
 		}
 	}
 	evm.Config.ExtraEips = extraEips
-	return &EVMInterpreter{evm: evm, table: table}
+	return &EVMInterpreter{evm: evm, table: table, hasher: crypto.NewKeccakState()}
 }
 
 // Run loops and evaluates the contract's code with the given input data and returns

crypto/crypto.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
@@ -73,6 +74,12 @@ func NewKeccakState() KeccakState {
 	return sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256().(KeccakState)
 }
 
+var hasherPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() any {
+		return sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256().(KeccakState)
+	},
+}
+
 // HashData hashes the provided data using the KeccakState and returns a 32 byte hash
 func HashData(kh KeccakState, data []byte) (h common.Hash) {
 	kh.Reset()
@@ -84,22 +91,26 @@ func HashData(kh KeccakState, data []byte) (h common.Hash) {
 // Keccak256 calculates and returns the Keccak256 hash of the input data.
 func Keccak256(data ...[]byte) []byte {
 	b := make([]byte, 32)
-	d := NewKeccakState()
+	d := hasherPool.Get().(KeccakState)
+	d.Reset()
 	for _, b := range data {
 		d.Write(b)
 	}
 	d.Read(b)
+	hasherPool.Put(d)
 	return b
 }
 
 // Keccak256Hash calculates and returns the Keccak256 hash of the input data,
 // converting it to an internal Hash data structure.
 func Keccak256Hash(data ...[]byte) (h common.Hash) {
-	d := NewKeccakState()
+	d := hasherPool.Get().(KeccakState)
+	d.Reset()
 	for _, b := range data {
 		d.Write(b)
 	}
 	d.Read(h[:])
+	hasherPool.Put(d)
 	return h
 }
 

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go

@@ -155,6 +155,16 @@ func VerifyBlobProof(blob *Blob, commitment Commitment, proof Proof) error {
 	return gokzgVerifyBlobProof(blob, commitment, proof)
 }
 
+// VerifyCellProofs verifies a batch of proofs corresponding to the blobs and commitments.
+// Expects length of blobs and commitments to be equal.
+// Expects length of proofs be 128 * length of blobs.
+func VerifyCellProofs(blobs []*Blob, commitments []Commitment, proofs []Proof) error {
+	if useCKZG.Load() {
+		return ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs, commitments, proofs)
+	}
+	return gokzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs, commitments, proofs)
+}
+
 // ComputeCellProofs returns the KZG cell proofs that are used to verify the blob against
 // the commitment.
 //

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_ckzg_cgo.go

@@ -149,3 +149,44 @@ func ckzgComputeCellProofs(blob *Blob) ([]Proof, error) {
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// ckzgVerifyCellProofs verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []*Blob, commitments []Commitment, cellProofs []Proof) error {
+	ckzgIniter.Do(ckzgInit)
+	var (
+		proofs      = make([]ckzg4844.Bytes48, len(cellProofs))
+		commits     = make([]ckzg4844.Bytes48, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cellIndices = make([]uint64, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cells       = make([]ckzg4844.Cell, 0, len(cellProofs))
+	)
+	// Copy over the cell proofs
+	for i, proof := range cellProofs {
+		proofs[i] = (ckzg4844.Bytes48)(proof)
+	}
+	// Blow up the commitments to be the same length as the proofs
+	for _, commitment := range commitments {
+		for range gokzg4844.CellsPerExtBlob {
+			commits = append(commits, (ckzg4844.Bytes48)(commitment))
+		}
+	}
+	// Compute the cells and cell indices
+	for _, blob := range blobs {
+		cellsI, err := ckzg4844.ComputeCells((*ckzg4844.Blob)(blob))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cells = append(cells, cellsI[:]...)
+		for idx := range len(cellsI) {
+			cellIndices = append(cellIndices, uint64(idx))
+		}
+	}
+
+	valid, err := ckzg4844.VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commits, cellIndices, cells, proofs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !valid {
+		return errors.New("invalid proof")
+	}
+	return nil
+}

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_ckzg_nocgo.go

@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ func ckzgVerifyBlobProof(blob *Blob, commitment Commitment, proof Proof) error {
 	panic("unsupported platform")
 }
 
+// ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []*Blob, commitments []Commitment, proof []Proof) error {
+	panic("unsupported platform")
+}
+
 // ckzgComputeCellProofs returns the KZG cell proofs that are used to verify the blob against
 // the commitment.
 //

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_gokzg.go

@@ -114,3 +114,37 @@ func gokzgComputeCellProofs(blob *Blob) ([]Proof, error) {
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// gokzgVerifyCellProofs verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func gokzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []*Blob, commitments []Commitment, cellProofs []Proof) error {
+	gokzgIniter.Do(gokzgInit)
+
+	var (
+		proofs      = make([]gokzg4844.KZGProof, len(cellProofs))
+		commits     = make([]gokzg4844.KZGCommitment, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cellIndices = make([]uint64, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cells       = make([]*gokzg4844.Cell, 0, len(cellProofs))
+	)
+	// Copy over the cell proofs
+	for i, proof := range cellProofs {
+		proofs[i] = gokzg4844.KZGProof(proof)
+	}
+	// Blow up the commitments to be the same length as the proofs
+	for _, commitment := range commitments {
+		for range gokzg4844.CellsPerExtBlob {
+			commits = append(commits, gokzg4844.KZGCommitment(commitment))
+		}
+	}
+	// Compute the cell and cell indices
+	for _, blob := range blobs {
+		cellsI, err := context.ComputeCells((*gokzg4844.Blob)(blob), 2)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cells = append(cells, cellsI[:]...)
+		for idx := range len(cellsI) {
+			cellIndices = append(cellIndices, uint64(idx))
+		}
+	}
+	return context.VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commits, cellIndices, cells[:], proofs)
+}

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_test.go

@@ -193,3 +193,39 @@ func benchmarkVerifyBlobProof(b *testing.B, ckzg bool) {
 		VerifyBlobProof(blob, commitment, proof)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCKZGCells(t *testing.T)  { testKZGCells(t, true) }
+func TestGoKZGCells(t *testing.T) { testKZGCells(t, false) }
+func testKZGCells(t *testing.T, ckzg bool) {
+	if ckzg && !ckzgAvailable {
+		t.Skip("CKZG unavailable in this test build")
+	}
+	defer func(old bool) { useCKZG.Store(old) }(useCKZG.Load())
+	useCKZG.Store(ckzg)
+
+	blob1 := randBlob()
+	blob2 := randBlob()
+
+	commitment1, err := BlobToCommitment(blob1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG commitment from blob: %v", err)
+	}
+	commitment2, err := BlobToCommitment(blob2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG commitment from blob: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	proofs1, err := ComputeCellProofs(blob1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	proofs2, err := ComputeCellProofs(blob2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+	proofs := append(proofs1, proofs2...)
+	if err := VerifyCellProofs([]*Blob{blob1, blob2}, []Commitment{commitment1, commitment2}, proofs); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to verify KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+}

eth/api_backend.go

@@ -349,22 +349,20 @@ func (b *EthAPIBackend) GetPoolTransaction(hash common.Hash) *types.Transaction
 // GetTransaction retrieves the lookup along with the transaction itself associate
 // with the given transaction hash.
 //
-// An error will be returned if the transaction is not found, and background
+// A null will be returned if the transaction is not found. The transaction is not
-// indexing for transactions is still in progress. The error is used to indicate the
+// existent from the node's perspective. This can be due to the transaction indexer
-// scenario explicitly that the transaction might be reachable shortly.
+// not being finished. The caller must explicitly check the indexer progress.
-//
+func (b *EthAPIBackend) GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64) {
-// A null will be returned in the transaction is not found and background transaction
+	lookup, tx := b.eth.blockchain.GetTransactionLookup(txHash)
-// indexing is already finished. The transaction is not existent from the perspective
-// of node.
-func (b *EthAPIBackend) GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error) {
-	lookup, tx, err := b.eth.blockchain.GetTransactionLookup(txHash)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, nil, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, err
-	}
 	if lookup == nil || tx == nil {
-		return false, nil, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, nil
+		return false, nil, common.Hash{}, 0, 0
 	}
-	return true, tx, lookup.BlockHash, lookup.BlockIndex, lookup.Index, nil
+	return true, tx, lookup.BlockHash, lookup.BlockIndex, lookup.Index
+}
+
+// TxIndexDone returns true if the transaction indexer has finished indexing.
+func (b *EthAPIBackend) TxIndexDone() bool {
+	return b.eth.blockchain.TxIndexDone()
 }
 
 func (b *EthAPIBackend) GetPoolNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error) {
@@ -391,7 +389,7 @@ func (b *EthAPIBackend) SubscribeNewTxsEvent(ch chan<- core.NewTxsEvent) event.S
 	return b.eth.txPool.SubscribeTransactions(ch, true)
 }
 
-func (b *EthAPIBackend) SyncProgress() ethereum.SyncProgress {
+func (b *EthAPIBackend) SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) ethereum.SyncProgress {
 	prog := b.eth.Downloader().Progress()
 	if txProg, err := b.eth.blockchain.TxIndexProgress(); err == nil {
 		prog.TxIndexFinishedBlocks = txProg.Indexed

eth/api_backend_test.go

@@ -134,13 +134,17 @@ func TestSendTx(t *testing.T) {
 func testSendTx(t *testing.T, withLocal bool) {
 	b := initBackend(withLocal)
 
-	txA := pricedSetCodeTx(0, 250000, uint256.NewInt(params.GWei), uint256.NewInt(params.GWei), key, []unsignedAuth{
+	txA := pricedSetCodeTx(0, 250000, uint256.NewInt(params.GWei), uint256.NewInt(params.GWei), key, []unsignedAuth{{nonce: 0, key: key}})
-		{
+	if err := b.SendTx(context.Background(), txA); err != nil {
-			nonce: 0,
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to submit tx: %v", err)
-			key:   key,
+	}
-		},
+	for {
-	})
+		pending, _ := b.TxPool().ContentFrom(address)
-	b.SendTx(context.Background(), txA)
+		if len(pending) == 1 {
+			break
+		}
+		time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
 
 	txB := makeTx(1, nil, nil, key)
 	err := b.SendTx(context.Background(), txB)

eth/catalyst/api.go

@@ -570,6 +570,7 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV1(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
   for i, hash := range hashes {
 		index[hash] = i
   }
+
 	for i, sidecar := range sidecars {
 		if res[i] != nil || sidecar == nil {
 			// already filled
@@ -610,12 +611,12 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV2(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
 	// pull up the blob hashes
 	var (
 		res      = make([]*engine.BlobAndProofV2, len(hashes))
-		index    = make(map[common.Hash]int)
+		index    = make(map[common.Hash][]int)
 		sidecars = api.eth.TxPool().GetBlobs(hashes)
 	)
 
 	for i, hash := range hashes {
-		index[hash] = i
+		index[hash] = append(index[hash], i)
 	}
 	for i, sidecar := range sidecars {
 		if res[i] != nil {
@@ -631,12 +632,13 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV2(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
 		}
 		blobHashes := sidecar.BlobHashes()
 		for bIdx, hash := range blobHashes {
-			if idx, ok := index[hash]; ok {
+			if idxes, ok := index[hash]; ok {
 				proofs := sidecar.CellProofsAt(bIdx)
 				var cellProofs []hexutil.Bytes
 				for _, proof := range proofs {
 					cellProofs = append(cellProofs, proof[:])
 				}
+				for _, idx := range idxes {
 					res[idx] = &engine.BlobAndProofV2{
 						Blob:       sidecar.Blobs[bIdx][:],
 						CellProofs: cellProofs,
@@ -644,6 +646,7 @@ func (api *ConsensusAPI) GetBlobsV2(hashes []common.Hash) ([]*engine.BlobAndProo
 				}
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	return res, nil
 }
 

eth/fetcher/tx_fetcher.go

@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ const (
 	// txGatherSlack is the interval used to collate almost-expired announces
 	// with network fetches.
 	txGatherSlack = 100 * time.Millisecond
+
+	// addTxsBatchSize it the max number of transactions to add in a single batch from a peer.
+	addTxsBatchSize = 128
 )
 
 var (
@@ -329,8 +332,8 @@ func (f *TxFetcher) Enqueue(peer string, txs []*types.Transaction, direct bool)
 		metas = make([]txMetadata, 0, len(txs))
 	)
 	// proceed in batches
-	for i := 0; i < len(txs); i += 128 {
+	for i := 0; i < len(txs); i += addTxsBatchSize {
-		end := i + 128
+		end := i + addTxsBatchSize
 		if end > len(txs) {
 			end = len(txs)
 		}
@@ -372,7 +375,7 @@ func (f *TxFetcher) Enqueue(peer string, txs []*types.Transaction, direct bool)
 		otherRejectMeter.Mark(otherreject)
 
 		// If 'other reject' is >25% of the deliveries in any batch, sleep a bit.
-		if otherreject > 128/4 {
+		if otherreject > addTxsBatchSize/4 {
 			time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
 			log.Debug("Peer delivering stale transactions", "peer", peer, "rejected", otherreject)
 		}

eth/filters/filter_system_test.go

@@ -80,6 +80,13 @@ func (b *testBackend) GetReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
 	return r
 }
 
+func (b *testBackend) GetRawReceiptsByHash(hash common.Hash) types.Receipts {
+	if number := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(b.db, hash); number != nil {
+		return rawdb.ReadRawReceipts(b.db, hash, *number)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (b *testBackend) HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error) {
 	var (
 		hash common.Hash

eth/gasestimator/gasestimator.go

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func Estimate(ctx context.Context, call *core.Message, opts *Options, gasCap uin
 	// There's a fairly high chance for the transaction to execute successfully
 	// with gasLimit set to the first execution's usedGas + gasRefund. Explicitly
 	// check that gas amount and use as a limit for the binary search.
-	optimisticGasLimit := (result.UsedGas + result.RefundedGas + params.CallStipend) * 64 / 63
+	optimisticGasLimit := (result.MaxUsedGas + params.CallStipend) * 64 / 63
 	if optimisticGasLimit < hi {
 		failed, _, err = execute(ctx, call, opts, optimisticGasLimit)
 		if err != nil {

eth/tracers/api.go

@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ type Backend interface {
 	HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error)
 	BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error)
 	BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Block, error)
-	GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error)
+	GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64)
+	TxIndexDone() bool
 	RPCGasCap() uint64
 	ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig
 	Engine() consensus.Engine
@@ -777,6 +778,7 @@ func (api *API) standardTraceBlockToFile(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block
 		// Note: This copies the config, to not screw up the main config
 		chainConfig, canon = overrideConfig(chainConfig, config.Overrides)
 	}
+
 	evm := vm.NewEVM(vmctx, statedb, chainConfig, vm.Config{})
 	if beaconRoot := block.BeaconRoot(); beaconRoot != nil {
 		core.ProcessBeaconBlockRoot(*beaconRoot, evm)
@@ -786,42 +788,45 @@ func (api *API) standardTraceBlockToFile(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block
 	}
 	for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
 		// Prepare the transaction for un-traced execution
-		var (
+		msg, _ := core.TransactionToMessage(tx, signer, block.BaseFee())
-			msg, _ = core.TransactionToMessage(tx, signer, block.BaseFee())
+		if txHash != (common.Hash{}) && tx.Hash() != txHash {
-			vmConf vm.Config
+			// Process the tx to update state, but don't trace it.
-			dump   *os.File
+			_, err := core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(msg.GasLimit))
-			writer *bufio.Writer
+			if err != nil {
-			err    error
+				return dumps, err
-		)
+			}
-		// If the transaction needs tracing, swap out the configs
+			// Finalize the state so any modifications are written to the trie
-		if tx.Hash() == txHash || txHash == (common.Hash{}) {
+			// Only delete empty objects if EIP158/161 (a.k.a Spurious Dragon) is in effect
-			// Generate a unique temporary file to dump it into
+			statedb.Finalise(evm.ChainConfig().IsEIP158(block.Number()))
+			continue
+		}
+		// The transaction should be traced.
+		// Generate a unique temporary file to dump it into.
 		prefix := fmt.Sprintf("block_%#x-%d-%#x-", block.Hash().Bytes()[:4], i, tx.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
 		if !canon {
 			prefix = fmt.Sprintf("%valt-", prefix)
 		}
-			dump, err = os.CreateTemp(os.TempDir(), prefix)
+		var dump *os.File
+		dump, err := os.CreateTemp(os.TempDir(), prefix)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		dumps = append(dumps, dump.Name())
-
+		// Set up the tracer and EVM for the transaction.
-			// Swap out the noop logger to the standard tracer
+		var (
 			writer = bufio.NewWriter(dump)
-			vmConf = vm.Config{
+			tracer = logger.NewJSONLogger(&logConfig, writer)
-				Tracer:                  logger.NewJSONLogger(&logConfig, writer),
+			evm    = vm.NewEVM(vmctx, statedb, chainConfig, vm.Config{
-				EnablePreimageRecording: true,
+				Tracer:    tracer,
-			}
+				NoBaseFee: true,
-		}
+			})
+		)
 		// Execute the transaction and flush any traces to disk
 		statedb.SetTxContext(tx.Hash(), i)
-		if vmConf.Tracer.OnTxStart != nil {
+		if tracer.OnTxStart != nil {
-			vmConf.Tracer.OnTxStart(evm.GetVMContext(), tx, msg.From)
+			tracer.OnTxStart(evm.GetVMContext(), tx, msg.From)
-		}
-		vmRet, err := core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(msg.GasLimit))
-		if vmConf.Tracer.OnTxEnd != nil {
-			vmConf.Tracer.OnTxEnd(&types.Receipt{GasUsed: vmRet.UsedGas}, err)
 		}
+		_, err = core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, new(core.GasPool).AddGas(msg.GasLimit))
 		if writer != nil {
 			writer.Flush()
 		}
@@ -858,12 +863,13 @@ func containsTx(block *types.Block, hash common.Hash) bool {
 // TraceTransaction returns the structured logs created during the execution of EVM
 // and returns them as a JSON object.
 func (api *API) TraceTransaction(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash, config *TraceConfig) (interface{}, error) {
-	found, _, blockHash, blockNumber, index, err := api.backend.GetTransaction(ctx, hash)
+	found, _, blockHash, blockNumber, index := api.backend.GetTransaction(hash)
-	if err != nil {
+	if !found {
+		// Warn in case tx indexer is not done.
+		if !api.backend.TxIndexDone() {
 			return nil, ethapi.NewTxIndexingError()
 		}
 		// Only mined txes are supported
-	if !found {
 		return nil, errTxNotFound
 	}
 	// It shouldn't happen in practice.

eth/tracers/api_test.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
+	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"slices"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -116,9 +117,13 @@ func (b *testBackend) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber)
 	return b.chain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(number)), nil
 }
 
-func (b *testBackend) GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error) {
+func (b *testBackend) GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64) {
 	tx, hash, blockNumber, index := rawdb.ReadTransaction(b.chaindb, txHash)
-	return tx != nil, tx, hash, blockNumber, index, nil
+	return tx != nil, tx, hash, blockNumber, index
+}
+
+func (b *testBackend) TxIndexDone() bool {
+	return true
 }
 
 func (b *testBackend) RPCGasCap() uint64 {
@@ -1214,3 +1219,118 @@ func TestTraceBlockWithBasefee(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestStandardTraceBlockToFile(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		// A sender who makes transactions, has some funds
+		key, _  = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
+		address = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
+		funds   = big.NewInt(1000000000000000)
+
+		// first contract the sender transacts with
+		aa     = common.HexToAddress("0x7217d81b76bdd8707601e959454e3d776aee5f43")
+		aaCode = []byte{byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.POP)}
+
+		// second contract the sender transacts with
+		bb     = common.HexToAddress("0x7217d81b76bdd8707601e959454e3d776aee5f44")
+		bbCode = []byte{byte(vm.PUSH2), 0x00, 0x01, byte(vm.POP)}
+	)
+
+	genesis := &core.Genesis{
+		Config: params.TestChainConfig,
+		Alloc: types.GenesisAlloc{
+			address: {Balance: funds},
+			aa: {
+				Code:    aaCode,
+				Nonce:   1,
+				Balance: big.NewInt(0),
+			},
+			bb: {
+				Code:    bbCode,
+				Nonce:   1,
+				Balance: big.NewInt(0),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	txHashs := make([]common.Hash, 0, 2)
+	backend := newTestBackend(t, 1, genesis, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
+		b.SetCoinbase(common.Address{1})
+		// first tx to aa
+		tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.LegacyTx{
+			Nonce:    0,
+			To:       &aa,
+			Value:    big.NewInt(0),
+			Gas:      50000,
+			GasPrice: b.BaseFee(),
+			Data:     nil,
+		}), types.HomesteadSigner{}, key)
+		b.AddTx(tx)
+		txHashs = append(txHashs, tx.Hash())
+		// second tx to bb
+		tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.LegacyTx{
+			Nonce:    1,
+			To:       &bb,
+			Value:    big.NewInt(1),
+			Gas:      100000,
+			GasPrice: b.BaseFee(),
+			Data:     nil,
+		}), types.HomesteadSigner{}, key)
+		b.AddTx(tx)
+		txHashs = append(txHashs, tx.Hash())
+	})
+	defer backend.chain.Stop()
+
+	var testSuite = []struct {
+		blockNumber rpc.BlockNumber
+		config      *StdTraceConfig
+		want        []string
+	}{
+		{
+			// test that all traces in the block were outputted if no trace config is specified
+			blockNumber: rpc.LatestBlockNumber,
+			config:      nil,
+			want: []string{
+				`{"pc":0,"op":96,"gas":"0x7148","gasCost":"0x3","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"PUSH1"}
+{"pc":2,"op":80,"gas":"0x7145","gasCost":"0x2","memSize":0,"stack":["0x0"],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"POP"}
+{"pc":3,"op":0,"gas":"0x7143","gasCost":"0x0","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"STOP"}
+{"output":"","gasUsed":"0x5"}
+`,
+				`{"pc":0,"op":97,"gas":"0x13498","gasCost":"0x3","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"PUSH2"}
+{"pc":3,"op":80,"gas":"0x13495","gasCost":"0x2","memSize":0,"stack":["0x1"],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"POP"}
+{"pc":4,"op":0,"gas":"0x13493","gasCost":"0x0","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"STOP"}
+{"output":"","gasUsed":"0x5"}
+`,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			// test that only a specific tx is traced if specified
+			blockNumber: rpc.LatestBlockNumber,
+			config:      &StdTraceConfig{TxHash: txHashs[1]},
+			want: []string{
+				`{"pc":0,"op":97,"gas":"0x13498","gasCost":"0x3","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"PUSH2"}
+{"pc":3,"op":80,"gas":"0x13495","gasCost":"0x2","memSize":0,"stack":["0x1"],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"POP"}
+{"pc":4,"op":0,"gas":"0x13493","gasCost":"0x0","memSize":0,"stack":[],"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"STOP"}
+{"output":"","gasUsed":"0x5"}
+`,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	api := NewAPI(backend)
+	for i, tc := range testSuite {
+		block, _ := api.blockByNumber(context.Background(), tc.blockNumber)
+		txTraces, err := api.StandardTraceBlockToFile(context.Background(), block.Hash(), tc.config)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("test index %d received error %v", i, err)
+		}
+		for j, traceFileName := range txTraces {
+			traceReceived, err := os.ReadFile(traceFileName)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("could not read trace file: %v", err)
+			}
+			if tc.want[j] != string(traceReceived) {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected trace result.  expected\n'%s'\n\nreceived\n'%s'\n", tc.want[j], string(traceReceived))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

ethclient/ethclient.go

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func (ec *Client) BlockReceipts(ctx context.Context, blockNrOrHash rpc.BlockNumb
 }
 
 type rpcBlock struct {
-	Hash         common.Hash         `json:"hash"`
+	Hash         *common.Hash        `json:"hash"`
 	Transactions []rpcTransaction    `json:"transactions"`
 	UncleHashes  []common.Hash       `json:"uncles"`
 	Withdrawals  []*types.Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals,omitempty"`
@@ -158,6 +158,12 @@ func (ec *Client) getBlock(ctx context.Context, method string, args ...interface
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &body); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	// Pending blocks don't return a block hash, compute it for sender caching.
+	if body.Hash == nil {
+		tmp := head.Hash()
+		body.Hash = &tmp
+	}
+
 	// Quick-verify transaction and uncle lists. This mostly helps with debugging the server.
 	if head.UncleHash == types.EmptyUncleHash && len(body.UncleHashes) > 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("server returned non-empty uncle list but block header indicates no uncles")
@@ -199,7 +205,7 @@ func (ec *Client) getBlock(ctx context.Context, method string, args ...interface
 	txs := make([]*types.Transaction, len(body.Transactions))
 	for i, tx := range body.Transactions {
 		if tx.From != nil {
-			setSenderFromServer(tx.tx, *tx.From, body.Hash)
+			setSenderFromServer(tx.tx, *tx.From, *body.Hash)
 		}
 		txs[i] = tx.tx
 	}

ethclient/ethclient_test.go

@@ -307,6 +307,12 @@ func testTransactionInBlock(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
 	if tx.Hash() != testTx2.Hash() {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected transaction: %v", tx)
 	}
+
+	// Test pending block
+	_, err = ec.BlockByNumber(context.Background(), big.NewInt(int64(rpc.PendingBlockNumber)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
 }
 
 func testChainID(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
@@ -619,6 +625,21 @@ func testAtFunctions(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
 	if gas != 21000 {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected gas limit: %v", gas)
 	}
+
+	// Verify that sender address of pending transaction is saved in cache.
+	pendingBlock, err := ec.BlockByNumber(context.Background(), big.NewInt(int64(rpc.PendingBlockNumber)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// No additional RPC should be required, ensure the server is not asked by
+	// canceling the context.
+	sender, err := ec.TransactionSender(newCanceledContext(), pendingBlock.Transactions()[0], pendingBlock.Hash(), 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal("unable to recover sender:", err)
+	}
+	if sender != testAddr {
+		t.Fatal("wrong sender:", sender)
+	}
 }
 
 func testTransactionSender(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
@@ -640,10 +661,7 @@ func testTransactionSender(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
 
 	// The sender address is cached in tx1, so no additional RPC should be required in
 	// TransactionSender. Ensure the server is not asked by canceling the context here.
-	canceledCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	sender1, err := ec.TransactionSender(newCanceledContext(), tx1, block2.Hash(), 0)
-	cancel()
-	<-canceledCtx.Done() // Ensure the close of the Done channel
-	sender1, err := ec.TransactionSender(canceledCtx, tx1, block2.Hash(), 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -662,6 +680,13 @@ func testTransactionSender(t *testing.T, client *rpc.Client) {
 	}
 }
 
+func newCanceledContext() context.Context {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	cancel()
+	<-ctx.Done() // Ensure the close of the Done channel
+	return ctx
+}
+
 func sendTransaction(ec *ethclient.Client) error {
 	chainID, err := ec.ChainID(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {

ethdb/database.go

@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ type KeyValueStater interface {
 	Stat() (string, error)
 }
 
+// KeyValueSyncer wraps the SyncKeyValue method of a backing data store.
+type KeyValueSyncer interface {
+	// SyncKeyValue ensures that all pending writes are flushed to disk,
+	// guaranteeing data durability up to the point.
+	SyncKeyValue() error
+}
+
 // Compacter wraps the Compact method of a backing data store.
 type Compacter interface {
 	// Compact flattens the underlying data store for the given key range. In essence,
@@ -75,6 +82,7 @@ type KeyValueStore interface {
 	KeyValueReader
 	KeyValueWriter
 	KeyValueStater
+	KeyValueSyncer
 	KeyValueRangeDeleter
 	Batcher
 	Iteratee
@@ -126,6 +134,9 @@ type AncientWriter interface {
 	// The integer return value is the total size of the written data.
 	ModifyAncients(func(AncientWriteOp) error) (int64, error)
 
+	// SyncAncient flushes all in-memory ancient store data to disk.
+	SyncAncient() error
+
 	// TruncateHead discards all but the first n ancient data from the ancient store.
 	// After the truncation, the latest item can be accessed it item_n-1(start from 0).
 	TruncateHead(n uint64) (uint64, error)
@@ -138,9 +149,6 @@ type AncientWriter interface {
 	//
 	// Note that data marked as non-prunable will still be retained and remain accessible.
 	TruncateTail(n uint64) (uint64, error)
-
-	// Sync flushes all in-memory ancient store data to disk.
-	Sync() error
 }
 
 // AncientWriteOp is given to the function argument of ModifyAncients.

ethdb/leveldb/leveldb.go

@@ -324,6 +324,22 @@ func (db *Database) Path() string {
 	return db.fn
 }
 
+// SyncKeyValue flushes all pending writes in the write-ahead-log to disk,
+// ensuring data durability up to that point.
+func (db *Database) SyncKeyValue() error {
+	// In theory, the WAL (Write-Ahead Log) can be explicitly synchronized using
+	// a write operation with SYNC=true. However, there is no dedicated key reserved
+	// for this purpose, and even a nil key (key=nil) is considered a valid
+	// database entry.
+	//
+	// In LevelDB, writes are blocked until the data is written to the WAL, meaning
+	// recent writes won't be lost unless a power failure or system crash occurs.
+	// Additionally, LevelDB is no longer the default database engine and is likely
+	// only used by hash-mode archive nodes. Given this, the durability guarantees
+	// without explicit sync are acceptable in the context of LevelDB.
+	return nil
+}
+
 // meter periodically retrieves internal leveldb counters and reports them to
 // the metrics subsystem.
 func (db *Database) meter(refresh time.Duration, namespace string) {

ethdb/memorydb/memorydb.go

@@ -199,6 +199,12 @@ func (db *Database) Compact(start []byte, limit []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// SyncKeyValue ensures that all pending writes are flushed to disk,
+// guaranteeing data durability up to the point.
+func (db *Database) SyncKeyValue() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Len returns the number of entries currently present in the memory database.
 //
 // Note, this method is only used for testing (i.e. not public in general) and

ethdb/pebble/pebble.go

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func (l panicLogger) Fatalf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
 
 // New returns a wrapped pebble DB object. The namespace is the prefix that the
 // metrics reporting should use for surfacing internal stats.
-func New(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool, ephemeral bool) (*Database, error) {
+func New(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool) (*Database, error) {
 	// Ensure we have some minimal caching and file guarantees
 	if cache < minCache {
 		cache = minCache
@@ -185,7 +185,15 @@ func New(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool, e
 		fn:       file,
 		log:      logger,
 		quitChan: make(chan chan error),
-		writeOptions: &pebble.WriteOptions{Sync: !ephemeral},
+
+		// Use asynchronous write mode by default. Otherwise, the overhead of frequent fsync
+		// operations can be significant, especially on platforms with slow fsync performance
+		// (e.g., macOS) or less capable SSDs.
+		//
+		// Note that enabling async writes means recent data may be lost in the event of an
+		// application-level panic (writes will also be lost on a machine-level failure,
+		// of course). Geth is expected to handle recovery from an unclean shutdown.
+		writeOptions: pebble.NoSync,
 	}
 	opt := &pebble.Options{
 		// Pebble has a single combined cache area and the write
@@ -228,6 +236,15 @@ func New(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool, e
 			WriteStallEnd:   db.onWriteStallEnd,
 		},
 		Logger: panicLogger{}, // TODO(karalabe): Delete when this is upstreamed in Pebble
+
+		// Pebble is configured to use asynchronous write mode, meaning write operations
+		// return as soon as the data is cached in memory, without waiting for the WAL
+		// to be written. This mode offers better write performance but risks losing
+		// recent writes if the application crashes or a power failure/system crash occurs.
+		//
+		// By setting the WALBytesPerSync, the cached WAL writes will be periodically
+		// flushed at the background if the accumulated size exceeds this threshold.
+		WALBytesPerSync: 5 * ethdb.IdealBatchSize,
 	}
 	// Disable seek compaction explicitly. Check https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/20130
 	// for more details.
@@ -414,6 +431,18 @@ func (d *Database) Path() string {
 	return d.fn
 }
 
+// SyncKeyValue flushes all pending writes in the write-ahead-log to disk,
+// ensuring data durability up to that point.
+func (d *Database) SyncKeyValue() error {
+	// The entry (value=nil) is not written to the database; it is only
+	// added to the WAL. Writing this special log entry in sync mode
+	// automatically flushes all previous writes, ensuring database
+	// durability up to this point.
+	b := d.db.NewBatch()
+	b.LogData(nil, nil)
+	return d.db.Apply(b, pebble.Sync)
+}
+
 // meter periodically retrieves internal pebble counters and reports them to
 // the metrics subsystem.
 func (d *Database) meter(refresh time.Duration, namespace string) {

ethdb/pebble/pebble_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package pebble
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/pebble"
@@ -54,3 +55,26 @@ func BenchmarkPebbleDB(b *testing.B) {
 		}
 	})
 }
+
+func TestPebbleLogData(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := pebble.Open("", &pebble.Options{
+		FS: vfs.NewMem(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	_, _, err = db.Get(nil)
+	if !errors.Is(err, pebble.ErrNotFound) {
+		t.Fatal("Unknown database entry")
+	}
+
+	b := db.NewBatch()
+	b.LogData(nil, nil)
+	db.Apply(b, pebble.Sync)
+
+	_, _, err = db.Get(nil)
+	if !errors.Is(err, pebble.ErrNotFound) {
+		t.Fatal("Unknown database entry")
+	}
+}

ethdb/remotedb/remotedb.go

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func (db *Database) TruncateTail(n uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	panic("not supported")
 }
 
-func (db *Database) Sync() error {
+func (db *Database) SyncAncient() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -138,6 +138,10 @@ func (db *Database) Compact(start []byte, limit []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (db *Database) SyncKeyValue() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (db *Database) Close() error {
 	db.remote.Close()
 	return nil

ethstats/ethstats.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ type backend interface {
 	CurrentHeader() *types.Header
 	HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error)
 	Stats() (pending int, queued int)
-	SyncProgress() ethereum.SyncProgress
+	SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) ethereum.SyncProgress
 }
 
 // fullNodeBackend encompasses the functionality necessary for a full node
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportStats(conn *connWrapper) error {
 	)
 	// check if backend is a full node
 	if fullBackend, ok := s.backend.(fullNodeBackend); ok {
-		sync := fullBackend.SyncProgress()
+		sync := fullBackend.SyncProgress(context.Background())
 		syncing = !sync.Done()
 
 		price, _ := fullBackend.SuggestGasTipCap(context.Background())
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ func (s *Service) reportStats(conn *connWrapper) error {
 			gasprice += int(basefee.Uint64())
 		}
 	} else {
-		sync := s.backend.SyncProgress()
+		sync := s.backend.SyncProgress(context.Background())
 		syncing = !sync.Done()
 	}
 	// Assemble the node stats and send it to the server

go.mod

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/route53 v1.30.2
 	github.com/cespare/cp v0.1.0
 	github.com/cloudflare/cloudflare-go v0.114.0
-	github.com/cockroachdb/pebble v1.1.2
+	github.com/cockroachdb/pebble v1.1.5
 	github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto v0.16.0
 	github.com/crate-crypto/go-eth-kzg v1.3.0
 	github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20240724233137-53bbb0ceb27a
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.13 // indirect
-	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.2-0.20181231171920-c182affec369 // indirect
+	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/pointerstructure v1.2.0 // indirect
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/pion/transport/v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.12.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.15.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.2.1-0.20210607210712-147c58e9608a // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.32.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.42.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.7.3 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -1,36 +1,3 @@
-cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.38.0/go.mod h1:990N+gfupTy94rShfmMCWGDn0LpTmnzTp2qbd1dvSRU=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.44.1/go.mod h1:iSa0KzasP4Uvy3f1mN/7PiObzGgflwredwwASm/v6AU=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.44.2/go.mod h1:60680Gw3Yr4ikxnPRS/oxxkBccT6SA1yMk63TGekxKY=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.45.1/go.mod h1:RpBamKRgapWJb87xiFSdk4g1CME7QZg3uwTez+TSTjc=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.46.3/go.mod h1:a6bKKbmY7er1mI7TEI4lsAkts/mkhTSZK8w33B4RAg0=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.50.0/go.mod h1:r9sluTvynVuxRIOHXQEHMFffphuXHOMZMycpNR5e6To=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.52.0/go.mod h1:pXajvRH/6o3+F9jDHZWQ5PbGhn+o8w9qiu/CffaVdO4=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.53.0/go.mod h1:fp/UouUEsRkN6ryDKNW/Upv/JBKnv6WDthjR6+vze6M=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.54.0/go.mod h1:1rq2OEkV3YMf6n/9ZvGWI3GWw0VoqH/1x2nd8Is/bPc=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.56.0/go.mod h1:jr7tqZxxKOVYizybht9+26Z/gUq7tiRzu+ACVAMbKVk=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.57.0/go.mod h1:oXiQ6Rzq3RAkkY7N6t3TcE6jE+CIBBbA36lwQ1JyzZs=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.62.0/go.mod h1:jmCYTdRCQuc1PHIIJ/maLInMho30T/Y0M4hTdTShOYc=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.65.0/go.mod h1:O5N8zS7uWy9vkA9vayVHs65eM1ubvY4h553ofrNHObY=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.0.1/go.mod h1:i/xbL2UlR5RvWAURpBYZTtm/cXjCha9lbfbpx4poX+o=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.3.0/go.mod h1:PjpwJnslEMmckchkHFfq+HTD2DmtT67aNFKH1/VBDHE=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.4.0/go.mod h1:S8dzgnTigyfTmLBfrtrhyYhwRxG72rYxvftPBK2Dvzc=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.5.0/go.mod h1:snEHRnqQbz117VIFhE8bmtwIDY80NLUZUMb4Nv6dBIg=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.7.0/go.mod h1://okPTzCYNXSlb24MZs83e2Do+h+VXtc4gLoIoXIAPc=
-cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.8.0/go.mod h1:J5hqkt3O0uAFnINi6JXValWIb1v0goeZM77hZzJN/fQ=
-cloud.google.com/go/datastore v1.0.0/go.mod h1:LXYbyblFSglQ5pkeyhO+Qmw7ukd3C+pD7TKLgZqpHYE=
-cloud.google.com/go/datastore v1.1.0/go.mod h1:umbIZjpQpHh4hmRpGhH4tLFup+FVzqBi1b3c64qFpCk=
-cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.0.1/go.mod h1:R0Gpsv3s54REJCy4fxDixWD93lHJMoZTyQ2kNxGRt3I=
-cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EwwdRX2sKPjnvnqCa270oGRyludottCI76h+R3AArQw=
-cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.2.0/go.mod h1:jhfEVHT8odbXTkndysNHCcx0awwzvfOlguIAii9o8iA=
-cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.3.1/go.mod h1:i+ucay31+CNRpDW4Lu78I4xXG+O1r/MAHgjpRVR+TSU=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.0.0/go.mod h1:IhtSnM/ZTZV8YYJWCY8RULGVqBDmpoyjwiyrjsg+URw=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.5.0/go.mod h1:tpKbwo567HUNpVclU5sGELwQWBDZ8gh0ZeosJ0Rtdos=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.6.0/go.mod h1:N7U0C8pVQ/+NIKOBQyamJIeKQKkZ+mxpohlUTyfDhBk=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.8.0/go.mod h1:Wv1Oy7z6Yz3DshWRJFhqM/UCfaWIRTdp0RXyy7KQOVs=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.10.0/go.mod h1:FLPqc6j+Ki4BU591ie1oL6qBQGu2Bl/tZ9ullr3+Kg0=
-dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore v1.7.0 h1:8q4SaHjFsClSvuVne0ID/5Ka8u3fcIHyqkLjcFpNRHQ=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azcore v1.7.0/go.mod h1:bjGvMhVMb+EEm3VRNQawDMUyMMjo+S5ewNjflkep/0Q=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/azidentity v1.3.0 h1:vcYCAze6p19qBW7MhZybIsqD8sMV8js0NyQM8JDnVtg=
@@ -43,8 +10,6 @@ github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v1.2.0 h1:gggzg0SUMs6SQbEw+
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v1.2.0/go.mod h1:+6KLcKIVgxoBDMqMO/Nvy7bZ9a0nbU3I1DtFQK3YvB4=
 github.com/AzureAD/microsoft-authentication-library-for-go v1.0.0 h1:OBhqkivkhkMqLPymWEppkm7vgPQY2XsHoEkaMQ0AdZY=
 github.com/AzureAD/microsoft-authentication-library-for-go v1.0.0/go.mod h1:kgDmCTgBzIEPFElEF+FK0SdjAor06dRq2Go927dnQ6o=
-github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
-github.com/BurntSushi/xgb v0.0.0-20160522181843-27f122750802/go.mod h1:IVnqGOEym/WlBOVXweHU+Q+/VP0lqqI8lqeDx9IjBqo=
 github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.5 h1:EndNeuB0l9syBZhut0wns3gV1hL8zX8LIu6ZiVHWLIQ=
 github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.5/go.mod h1:1jcaCB/ufaK+sKp1NBhlGmpz41jOoPQ35bpF36t7BBo=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 h1:F2VQgta7ecxGYO8k3ZZz3RS8fVIXVxONVUPlNERoyfY=
@@ -53,11 +18,6 @@ github.com/StackExchange/wmi v1.2.1 h1:VIkavFPXSjcnS+O8yTq7NI32k0R5Aj+v39y29VYDO
 github.com/StackExchange/wmi v1.2.1/go.mod h1:rcmrprowKIVzvc+NUiLncP2uuArMWLCbu9SBzvHz7e8=
 github.com/VictoriaMetrics/fastcache v1.12.2 h1:N0y9ASrJ0F6h0QaC3o6uJb3NIZ9VKLjCM7NQbSmF7WI=
 github.com/VictoriaMetrics/fastcache v1.12.2/go.mod h1:AmC+Nzz1+3G2eCPapF6UcsnkThDcMsQicp4xDukwJYI=
-github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20160405071501-a0175ee3bccc/go.mod h1:LOuyumcjzFXgccqObfd/Ljyb9UuFJ6TxHnclSeseNhc=
-github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751/go.mod h1:LOuyumcjzFXgccqObfd/Ljyb9UuFJ6TxHnclSeseNhc=
-github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20151022065526-2efee857e7cf/go.mod h1:ybxpYRFXyAe+OPACYpWeL0wqObRcbAqCMya13uyzqw0=
-github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20190717042225-c3de453c63f4/go.mod h1:ybxpYRFXyAe+OPACYpWeL0wqObRcbAqCMya13uyzqw0=
-github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20190924025748-f65c72e2690d/go.mod h1:rBZYJk541a8SKzHPHnH3zbiI+7dagKZ0cgpgrD7Fyho=
 github.com/allegro/bigcache v1.2.1-0.20190218064605-e24eb225f156 h1:eMwmnE/GDgah4HI848JfFxHt+iPb26b4zyfspmqY0/8=
 github.com/allegro/bigcache v1.2.1-0.20190218064605-e24eb225f156/go.mod h1:Cb/ax3seSYIx7SuZdm2G2xzfwmv3TPSk2ucNfQESPXM=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.21.2 h1:+LXZ0sgo8quN9UOKXXzAWRT3FWd4NxeXWOZom9pE7GA=
@@ -86,30 +46,20 @@ github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.23.2 h1:0BkLfgeDjfZnZ+MhB3ONb01u9pwF
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.23.2/go.mod h1:Eows6e1uQEsc4ZaHANmsPRzAKcVDrcmjjWiih2+HUUQ=
 github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.15.0 h1:PS/durmlzvAFpQHDs4wi4sNNP9ExsqZh6IlfdHXgKK8=
 github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.15.0/go.mod h1:Tg+OJXh4MB2R/uN61Ko2f6hTZwB/ZYGOtib8J3gBHzA=
-github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20180321164747-3a771d992973/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24TaqPxmxbtue+5NUziq4I4S80YR8gNf3Q=
-github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KWe93zE9D1o94FZ5RNwFwVgaQK1VOXiVxmqh+CedLV8=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
 github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.20.0 h1:2F+rfL86jE2d/bmw7OhqUg2Sj/1rURkBn3MdfoPyRVU=
 github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.20.0/go.mod h1:7hO7Gc7Pp1vODcmWvKMRA9BNmbv6a/7QIWpPxHddWR8=
-github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/cespare/cp v0.1.0 h1:SE+dxFebS7Iik5LK0tsi1k9ZCxEaFX4AjQmoyA+1dJk=
 github.com/cespare/cp v0.1.0/go.mod h1:SOGHArjBr4JWaSDEVpWpo/hNg6RoKrls6Oh40hiwW+s=
-github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/chzyer/logex v1.1.10/go.mod h1:+Ywpsq7O8HXn0nuIou7OrIPyXbp3wmkHB+jjWRnGsAI=
 github.com/chzyer/logex v1.2.0/go.mod h1:9+9sk7u7pGNWYMkh0hdiL++6OeibzJccyQU4p4MedaY=
-github.com/chzyer/readline v0.0.0-20180603132655-2972be24d48e/go.mod h1:nSuG5e5PlCu98SY8svDHJxuZscDgtXS6KTTbou5AhLI=
 github.com/chzyer/readline v1.5.0/go.mod h1:x22KAscuvRqlLoK9CsoYsmxoXZMMFVyOl86cAH8qUic=
-github.com/chzyer/test v0.0.0-20180213035817-a1ea475d72b1/go.mod h1:Q3SI9o4m/ZMnBNeIyt5eFwwo7qiLfzFZmjNmxjkiQlU=
 github.com/chzyer/test v0.0.0-20210722231415-061457976a23/go.mod h1:Q3SI9o4m/ZMnBNeIyt5eFwwo7qiLfzFZmjNmxjkiQlU=
-github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
 github.com/cloudflare/cloudflare-go v0.114.0 h1:ucoti4/7Exo0XQ+rzpn1H+IfVVe++zgiM+tyKtf0HUA=
 github.com/cloudflare/cloudflare-go v0.114.0/go.mod h1:O7fYfFfA6wKqKFn2QIR9lhj7FDw6VQCGOY6hd2TBtd0=
-github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20191209042840-269d4d468f6f/go.mod h1:M8M6+tZqaGXZJjfX53e64911xZQV5JYwmTeXPW+k8Sc=
 github.com/cockroachdb/datadriven v1.0.3-0.20230413201302-be42291fc80f h1:otljaYPt5hWxV3MUfO5dFPFiOXg9CyG5/kCfayTqsJ4=
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 github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.11.3 h1:5bA+k2Y6r+oz/6Z/RFlNeVCesGARKuC6YymtcDrbC/I=
@@ -118,8 +68,8 @@ github.com/cockroachdb/fifo v0.0.0-20240606204812-0bbfbd93a7ce h1:giXvy4KSc/6g/e
 github.com/cockroachdb/fifo v0.0.0-20240606204812-0bbfbd93a7ce/go.mod h1:9/y3cnZ5GKakj/H4y9r9GTjCvAFta7KLgSHPJJYc52M=
 github.com/cockroachdb/logtags v0.0.0-20230118201751-21c54148d20b h1:r6VH0faHjZeQy818SGhaone5OnYfxFR/+AzdY3sf5aE=
 github.com/cockroachdb/logtags v0.0.0-20230118201751-21c54148d20b/go.mod h1:Vz9DsVWQQhf3vs21MhPMZpMGSht7O/2vFW2xusFUVOs=
-github.com/cockroachdb/pebble v1.1.2 h1:CUh2IPtR4swHlEj48Rhfzw6l/d0qA31fItcIszQVIsA=
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-github.com/cockroachdb/pebble v1.1.2/go.mod h1:4exszw1r40423ZsmkG/09AFEG83I0uDgfujJdbL6kYU=
+github.com/cockroachdb/pebble v1.1.5/go.mod h1:17wO9el1YEigxkP/YtV8NtCivQDgoCyBg5c4VR/eOWo=
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@@ -162,10 +112,6 @@ github.com/dop251/goja v0.0.0-20230605162241-28ee0ee714f3 h1:+3HCtB74++ClLy8GgjU
 github.com/dop251/goja v0.0.0-20230605162241-28ee0ee714f3/go.mod h1:QMWlm50DNe14hD7t24KEqZuUdC9sOTy8W6XbCU1mlw4=
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@@ -191,15 +137,6 @@ github.com/ghodss/yaml v1.0.0/go.mod h1:4dBDuWmgqj2HViK6kFavaiC9ZROes6MMH2rRYeME
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@@ -207,86 +144,44 @@ github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.19.5/go.mod h1:Pl9vOtqEWErmShwVjC8pYs9cog34
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@@ -294,8 +189,6 @@ github.com/graph-gophers/graphql-go v1.3.0 h1:Eb9x/q6MFpCLz7jBCiP/WTxjSDrYLR1QY4
 github.com/graph-gophers/graphql-go v1.3.0/go.mod h1:9CQHMSxwO4MprSdzoIEobiHpoLtHm77vfxsvsIN5Vuc=
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@@ -306,7 +199,6 @@ github.com/holiman/uint256 v1.3.2/go.mod h1:EOMSn4q6Nyt9P6efbI3bueV4e1b3dGlUCXei
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@@ -322,15 +214,6 @@ github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 h1:BEgLn5cpjn8UN1mAw4NjwDrS35OdebyEtFe+9Y
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@@ -342,9 +225,6 @@ github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.0/go.mod h1:ntbaceVETuRiXiv4DpjP66DpAtAGkEQs
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@@ -378,9 +258,8 @@ github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.3/go.mod h1:LwmH8dsx7+W8Uxz3IHJYH5QSwggIsqBzp
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@@ -390,13 +269,6 @@ github.com/mitchellh/pointerstructure v1.2.0/go.mod h1:BRAsLI5zgXmw97Lf6s25bs8oh
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@@ -431,7 +303,6 @@ github.com/pion/transport/v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:UY7kiITrlMv7/IKgd5eTUcaahZx5oUN3l9
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@@ -439,29 +310,14 @@ github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZb
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@@ -472,7 +328,6 @@ github.com/prysmaticlabs/gohashtree v0.0.1-alpha.0.20220714111606-acbb2962fb48 h
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@@ -483,16 +338,11 @@ github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 h1:JIOH55/0cWyOuilr9/qlrm0BSXldqnqwMsf
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 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.1/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.2.2/go.mod h1:a8OnRcib4nhh0OaRAV+Yts87kKdq0PP7pXfy6kDkUVs=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.4.0/go.mod h1:j7eGeouHqKxXV5pUuKE4zz7dFj8WfuZ+81PSLYec5m4=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.5.1/go.mod h1:5W2xD1RspED5o8YsWQXVCued0rvSQ+mT+I5cxcmMvtA=
@@ -518,24 +368,14 @@ github.com/valyala/fasttemplate v1.0.1/go.mod h1:UQGH1tvbgY+Nz5t2n7tXsz52dQxojPU
 github.com/valyala/fasttemplate v1.2.1/go.mod h1:KHLXt3tVN2HBp8eijSv/kGJopbvo7S+qRAEEKiv+SiQ=
 github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20240521201337-686a1a2994c1 h1:gEOO8jv9F4OT7lGCjxCBTO/36wtF6j2nSip77qHd4x4=
 github.com/xrash/smetrics v0.0.0-20240521201337-686a1a2994c1/go.mod h1:Ohn+xnUBiLI6FVj/9LpzZWtj1/D6lUovWYBkxHVV3aM=
-github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.25/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.27/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
-github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.32/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.2.1/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.4.13/go.mod h1:6yULJ656Px+3vBD8DxQVa3kxgyrAnzto9xy5taEt/CY=
-go.opencensus.io v0.21.0/go.mod h1:mSImk1erAIZhrmZN+AvHh14ztQfjbGwt4TtuofqLduU=
-go.opencensus.io v0.22.0/go.mod h1:+kGneAE2xo2IficOXnaByMWTGM9T73dGwxeWcUqIpI8=
-go.opencensus.io v0.22.2/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
-go.opencensus.io v0.22.3/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
-go.opencensus.io v0.22.4/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.2 h1:2LxUOGiR3O6tw8ui5sZa2LAaHnsviZdVOUZw4fvbnME=
 go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.2/go.mod h1:eRbA25aqJrxAbsLO0xy5jVwPt7FQnRgjW+efnwa1WM0=
 go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0 h1:2K3zAYmnTNqV73imy9J1T3WC+gmCePx2hEGkimedGto=
 go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0/go.mod h1:CoHD4mav9JJNrW/WLlf7HGZPjdw8EucARQHekz1X6bE=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20180904163835-0709b304e793/go.mod h1:6SG95UA2DQfeDnfUPMdvaQW0Q7yPrPDi9nlGo2tz2b4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190510104115-cbcb75029529/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190605123033-f99c8df09eb5/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200820211705-5c72a883971a/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
@@ -545,77 +385,24 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.8.0/go.mod h1:mRqEX+O9/h5TFCrQhkgjo2yKi0yYA+9ecGkdQoHrywE
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.12.0/go.mod h1:NF0Gs7EO5K4qLn+Ylc+fih8BSTeIjAP05siRnAh98yw=
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-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190306152737-a1d7652674e8/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
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-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190829153037-c13cbed26979/go.mod h1:86+5VVa7VpoJ4kLfm080zCjGlMRFzhUhsZKEZO7MGek=
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 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200520004742-59133d7f0dd7/go.mod h1:qpuaurCH72eLCgpAm/N6yyVIVM9cpaDIP3A8BGJEC5A=
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 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200813134508-3edf25e44fcc/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200822124328-c89045814202/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210119194325-5f4716e94777/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v0D8zg8gWTRqZa9RBIspLL5mdg=
-golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210525063256-abc453219eb5/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
 golang.org/x/net v0.6.0/go.mod h1:2Tu9+aMcznHK/AK1HMvgo6xiTLG5rD5rZLDS+rp2Bjs=
 golang.org/x/net v0.9.0/go.mod h1:d48xBJpPfHeWQsugry2m+kC02ZBRGRgulfHnEXEuWns=
@@ -623,78 +410,37 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.10.0/go.mod h1:0qNGK6F8kojg2nk9dLZ2mShWaEBan6FAoqfSigmmuDg=
 golang.org/x/net v0.14.0/go.mod h1:PpSgVXXLK0OxS0F31C1/tv6XNguvCrnXIDrFMspZIUI=
 golang.org/x/net v0.36.0 h1:vWF2fRbw4qslQsQzgFqZff+BItCvGFQqKzKIzx1rmoA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.36.0/go.mod h1:bFmbeoIPfrw4sMHNhb4J9f6+tPziuGjq7Jk/38fxi1I=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190604053449-0f29369cfe45/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20191202225959-858c2ad4c8b6/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
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 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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@@ -716,9 +462,7 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
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 golang.org/x/term v0.11.0/go.mod h1:zC9APTIj3jG3FdV/Ons+XE1riIZXG4aZ4GTHiPZJPIU=
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 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
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 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
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 golang.org/x/text v0.3.5/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
@@ -730,54 +474,14 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.9.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
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@@ -788,87 +492,16 @@ golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8T
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
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 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
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 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
 gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
@@ -877,10 +510,8 @@ gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 h1:bBRl1b0OH9s/DuPhuXpNl+VtCaJXFZ5/uEFST
 gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:YD8tP3GAjkrDg1eZH7EGmyESg/lsYskCTPBJVb9jqSc=
 gopkg.in/tomb.v1 v1.0.0-20141024135613-dd632973f1e7 h1:uRGJdciOHaEIrze2W8Q3AKkepLTh2hOroT7a+7czfdQ=
 gopkg.in/tomb.v1 v1.0.0-20141024135613-dd632973f1e7/go.mod h1:dt/ZhP58zS4L8KSrWDmTeBkI65Dw0HsyUHuEVlX15mw=
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 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.4/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
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 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 h1:D8xgwECY7CYvx+Y2n4sBz93Jn9JRvxdiyyo8CTfuKaY=
@@ -888,15 +519,5 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
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-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190106161140-3f1c8253044a/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190418001031-e561f6794a2a/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2019.2.3/go.mod h1:a3bituU0lyd329TUQxRnasdCoJDkEUEAqEt0JzvZhAg=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.3/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
-honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.4/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
-rsc.io/binaryregexp v0.2.0/go.mod h1:qTv7/COck+e2FymRvadv62gMdZztPaShugOCi3I+8D8=
-rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0/go.mod h1:yEA65RcK8LyAZtP9Kv3t0HmxON59tX3rD+tICJqUlj0=
-rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0/go.mod h1:T1hPZKmBbMNahiBKFy5HrXp6adAjACjK9JXDnKaTXpA=
 rsc.io/tmplfunc v0.0.3 h1:53XFQh69AfOa8Tw0Jm7t+GV7KZhOi6jzsCzTtKbMvzU=
 rsc.io/tmplfunc v0.0.3/go.mod h1:AG3sTPzElb1Io3Yg4voV9AGZJuleGAwaVRxL9M49PhA=

graphql/graphql.go

@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ func (t *Transaction) resolve(ctx context.Context) (*types.Transaction, *Block)
 		return t.tx, t.block
 	}
 	// Try to return an already finalized transaction
-	found, tx, blockHash, _, index, _ := t.r.backend.GetTransaction(ctx, t.hash)
+	found, tx, blockHash, _, index := t.r.backend.GetTransaction(t.hash)
 	if found {
 		t.tx = tx
 		blockNrOrHash := rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false)
@@ -1530,8 +1530,8 @@ func (s *SyncState) TxIndexRemainingBlocks() hexutil.Uint64 {
 // - healingBytecode:     number of bytecodes pending
 // - txIndexFinishedBlocks:  number of blocks whose transactions are indexed
 // - txIndexRemainingBlocks: number of blocks whose transactions are not indexed yet
-func (r *Resolver) Syncing() (*SyncState, error) {
+func (r *Resolver) Syncing(ctx context.Context) (*SyncState, error) {
-	progress := r.backend.SyncProgress()
+	progress := r.backend.SyncProgress(ctx)
 
 	// Return not syncing if the synchronisation already completed
 	if progress.Done() {

internal/cmdtest/test_cmd.go

@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func (tt *TestCmd) Kill() {
 }
 
 func (tt *TestCmd) withKillTimeout(fn func()) {
-	timeout := time.AfterFunc(30*time.Second, func() {
+	timeout := time.AfterFunc(2*time.Minute, func() {
 		tt.Log("killing the child process (timeout)")
 		tt.Kill()
 	})

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ func (api *EthereumAPI) BlobBaseFee(ctx context.Context) *hexutil.Big {
 // - highestBlock:  block number of the highest block header this node has received from peers
 // - pulledStates:  number of state entries processed until now
 // - knownStates:   number of known state entries that still need to be pulled
-func (api *EthereumAPI) Syncing() (interface{}, error) {
+func (api *EthereumAPI) Syncing(ctx context.Context) (interface{}, error) {
-	progress := api.b.SyncProgress()
+	progress := api.b.SyncProgress(ctx)
 
 	// Return not syncing if the synchronisation already completed
 	if progress.Done() {
@@ -1333,17 +1333,19 @@ func (api *TransactionAPI) GetTransactionCount(ctx context.Context, address comm
 // GetTransactionByHash returns the transaction for the given hash
 func (api *TransactionAPI) GetTransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*RPCTransaction, error) {
 	// Try to return an already finalized transaction
-	found, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index, err := api.b.GetTransaction(ctx, hash)
+	found, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index := api.b.GetTransaction(hash)
 	if !found {
 		// No finalized transaction, try to retrieve it from the pool
 		if tx := api.b.GetPoolTransaction(hash); tx != nil {
 			return NewRPCPendingTransaction(tx, api.b.CurrentHeader(), api.b.ChainConfig()), nil
 		}
-		if err == nil {
+		// If also not in the pool there is a chance the tx indexer is still in progress.
-			return nil, nil
+		if !api.b.TxIndexDone() {
-		}
 			return nil, NewTxIndexingError()
 		}
+		// If the transaction is not found in the pool and the indexer is done, return nil
+		return nil, nil
+	}
 	header, err := api.b.HeaderByHash(ctx, blockHash)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -1354,27 +1356,31 @@ func (api *TransactionAPI) GetTransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common
 // GetRawTransactionByHash returns the bytes of the transaction for the given hash.
 func (api *TransactionAPI) GetRawTransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
 	// Retrieve a finalized transaction, or a pooled otherwise
-	found, tx, _, _, _, err := api.b.GetTransaction(ctx, hash)
+	found, tx, _, _, _ := api.b.GetTransaction(hash)
 	if !found {
 		if tx = api.b.GetPoolTransaction(hash); tx != nil {
 			return tx.MarshalBinary()
 		}
-		if err == nil {
+		// If also not in the pool there is a chance the tx indexer is still in progress.
-			return nil, nil
+		if !api.b.TxIndexDone() {
-		}
 			return nil, NewTxIndexingError()
 		}
+		// If the transaction is not found in the pool and the indexer is done, return nil
+		return nil, nil
+	}
 	return tx.MarshalBinary()
 }
 
 // GetTransactionReceipt returns the transaction receipt for the given transaction hash.
 func (api *TransactionAPI) GetTransactionReceipt(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
-	found, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index, err := api.b.GetTransaction(ctx, hash)
+	found, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index := api.b.GetTransaction(hash)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, NewTxIndexingError() // transaction is not fully indexed
-	}
 	if !found {
-		return nil, nil // transaction is not existent or reachable
+		// Make sure indexer is done.
+		if !api.b.TxIndexDone() {
+			return nil, NewTxIndexingError()
+		}
+		// No such tx.
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 	header, err := api.b.HeaderByHash(ctx, blockHash)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1774,16 +1780,18 @@ func (api *DebugAPI) GetRawReceipts(ctx context.Context, blockNrOrHash rpc.Block
 // GetRawTransaction returns the bytes of the transaction for the given hash.
 func (api *DebugAPI) GetRawTransaction(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
 	// Retrieve a finalized transaction, or a pooled otherwise
-	found, tx, _, _, _, err := api.b.GetTransaction(ctx, hash)
+	found, tx, _, _, _ := api.b.GetTransaction(hash)
 	if !found {
 		if tx = api.b.GetPoolTransaction(hash); tx != nil {
 			return tx.MarshalBinary()
 		}
-		if err == nil {
+		// If also not in the pool there is a chance the tx indexer is still in progress.
-			return nil, nil
+		if !api.b.TxIndexDone() {
-		}
 			return nil, NewTxIndexingError()
 		}
+		// Transaction is not found in the pool and the indexer is done.
+		return nil, nil
+	}
 	return tx.MarshalBinary()
 }
 

internal/ethapi/api_test.go

@@ -472,7 +472,9 @@ func (b *testBackend) setPendingBlock(block *types.Block) {
 	b.pending = block
 }
 
-func (b testBackend) SyncProgress() ethereum.SyncProgress { return ethereum.SyncProgress{} }
+func (b testBackend) SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) ethereum.SyncProgress {
+	return ethereum.SyncProgress{}
+}
 func (b testBackend) SuggestGasTipCap(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
 	return big.NewInt(0), nil
 }
@@ -589,9 +591,12 @@ func (b testBackend) SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- core.ChainHeadEvent) even
 func (b testBackend) SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error {
 	panic("implement me")
 }
-func (b testBackend) GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error) {
+func (b testBackend) GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64) {
 	tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index := rawdb.ReadTransaction(b.db, txHash)
-	return true, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index, nil
+	return true, tx, blockHash, blockNumber, index
+}
+func (b testBackend) TxIndexDone() bool {
+	return true
 }
 func (b testBackend) GetPoolTransactions() (types.Transactions, error)         { panic("implement me") }
 func (b testBackend) GetPoolTransaction(txHash common.Hash) *types.Transaction { panic("implement me") }
@@ -2483,6 +2488,77 @@ func TestSimulateV1ChainLinkage(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, block2.Hash().Bytes(), []byte(results[2].Calls[1].ReturnValue), "returned blockhash for block2 does not match")
 }
 
+func TestSimulateV1TxSender(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		sender    = common.Address{0xaa, 0xaa}
+		sender2   = common.Address{0xaa, 0xab}
+		sender3   = common.Address{0xaa, 0xac}
+		recipient = common.Address{0xbb, 0xbb}
+		gspec     = &core.Genesis{
+			Config: params.MergedTestChainConfig,
+			Alloc: types.GenesisAlloc{
+				sender:  {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
+				sender2: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
+				sender3: {Balance: big.NewInt(params.Ether)},
+			},
+		}
+		ctx = context.Background()
+	)
+	backend := newTestBackend(t, 0, gspec, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {})
+	stateDB, baseHeader, err := backend.StateAndHeaderByNumberOrHash(ctx, rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithNumber(rpc.LatestBlockNumber))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to get state and header: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	sim := &simulator{
+		b:              backend,
+		state:          stateDB,
+		base:           baseHeader,
+		chainConfig:    backend.ChainConfig(),
+		gp:             new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxUint64),
+		traceTransfers: false,
+		validate:       false,
+		fullTx:         true,
+	}
+
+	results, err := sim.execute(ctx, []simBlock{
+		{Calls: []TransactionArgs{
+			{From: &sender, To: &recipient, Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(1000))},
+			{From: &sender2, To: &recipient, Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(2000))},
+			{From: &sender3, To: &recipient, Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(3000))},
+		}},
+		{Calls: []TransactionArgs{
+			{From: &sender2, To: &recipient, Value: (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(4000))},
+		}},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("simulation execution failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	require.Len(t, results, 2, "expected 2 simulated blocks")
+	require.Len(t, results[0].Block.Transactions(), 3, "expected 3 transaction in simulated block")
+	require.Len(t, results[1].Block.Transactions(), 1, "expected 1 transaction in 2nd simulated block")
+	enc, err := json.Marshal(results)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to marshal results: %v", err)
+	}
+	type resultType struct {
+		Transactions []struct {
+			From common.Address `json:"from"`
+		}
+	}
+	var summary []resultType
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(enc, &summary); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal results: %v", err)
+	}
+	require.Len(t, summary, 2, "expected 2 simulated blocks")
+	require.Len(t, summary[0].Transactions, 3, "expected 3 transaction in simulated block")
+	require.Equal(t, sender, summary[0].Transactions[0].From, "sender address mismatch")
+	require.Equal(t, sender2, summary[0].Transactions[1].From, "sender address mismatch")
+	require.Equal(t, sender3, summary[0].Transactions[2].From, "sender address mismatch")
+	require.Len(t, summary[1].Transactions, 1, "expected 1 transaction in simulated block")
+	require.Equal(t, sender2, summary[1].Transactions[0].From, "sender address mismatch")
+}
+
 func TestSignTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// Initialize test accounts

internal/ethapi/backend.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import (
 // both full and light clients) with access to necessary functions.
 type Backend interface {
 	// General Ethereum API
-	SyncProgress() ethereum.SyncProgress
+	SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) ethereum.SyncProgress
 
 	SuggestGasTipCap(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error)
 	FeeHistory(ctx context.Context, blockCount uint64, lastBlock rpc.BlockNumber, rewardPercentiles []float64) (*big.Int, [][]*big.Int, []*big.Int, []float64, []*big.Int, []float64, error)
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ type Backend interface {
 
 	// Transaction pool API
 	SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error
-	GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error)
+	GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64)
+	TxIndexDone() bool
 	GetPoolTransactions() (types.Transactions, error)
 	GetPoolTransaction(txHash common.Hash) *types.Transaction
 	GetPoolNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error)

internal/ethapi/simulate.go

@@ -78,11 +78,25 @@ type simBlockResult struct {
 	chainConfig *params.ChainConfig
 	Block       *types.Block
 	Calls       []simCallResult
+	// senders is a map of transaction hashes to their senders.
+	senders map[common.Hash]common.Address
 }
 
 func (r *simBlockResult) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	blockData := RPCMarshalBlock(r.Block, true, r.fullTx, r.chainConfig)
 	blockData["calls"] = r.Calls
+	// Set tx sender if user requested full tx objects.
+	if r.fullTx {
+		if raw, ok := blockData["transactions"].([]any); ok {
+			for _, tx := range raw {
+				if tx, ok := tx.(*RPCTransaction); ok {
+					tx.From = r.senders[tx.Hash]
+				} else {
+					return nil, errors.New("simulated transaction result has invalid type")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	return json.Marshal(blockData)
 }
 
@@ -181,18 +195,18 @@ func (sim *simulator) execute(ctx context.Context, blocks []simBlock) ([]*simBlo
 		parent  = sim.base
 	)
 	for bi, block := range blocks {
-		result, callResults, err := sim.processBlock(ctx, &block, headers[bi], parent, headers[:bi], timeout)
+		result, callResults, senders, err := sim.processBlock(ctx, &block, headers[bi], parent, headers[:bi], timeout)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		headers[bi] = result.Header()
-		results[bi] = &simBlockResult{fullTx: sim.fullTx, chainConfig: sim.chainConfig, Block: result, Calls: callResults}
+		results[bi] = &simBlockResult{fullTx: sim.fullTx, chainConfig: sim.chainConfig, Block: result, Calls: callResults, senders: senders}
 		parent = result.Header()
 	}
 	return results, nil
 }
 
-func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header, parent *types.Header, headers []*types.Header, timeout time.Duration) (*types.Block, []simCallResult, error) {
+func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header, parent *types.Header, headers []*types.Header, timeout time.Duration) (*types.Block, []simCallResult, map[common.Hash]common.Address, error) {
 	// Set header fields that depend only on parent block.
 	// Parent hash is needed for evm.GetHashFn to work.
 	header.ParentHash = parent.Hash()
@@ -222,7 +236,7 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 	precompiles := sim.activePrecompiles(sim.base)
 	// State overrides are applied prior to execution of a block
 	if err := block.StateOverrides.Apply(sim.state, precompiles); err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
 	}
 	var (
 		gasUsed, blobGasUsed uint64
@@ -235,6 +249,10 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 			NoBaseFee: !sim.validate,
 			Tracer:    tracer.Hooks(),
 		}
+		// senders is a map of transaction hashes to their senders.
+		// Transaction objects contain only the signature, and we lose track
+		// of the sender when translating the arguments into a transaction object.
+		senders = make(map[common.Hash]common.Address)
 	)
 	tracingStateDB := vm.StateDB(sim.state)
 	if hooks := tracer.Hooks(); hooks != nil {
@@ -255,16 +273,17 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 	var allLogs []*types.Log
 	for i, call := range block.Calls {
 		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 		if err := sim.sanitizeCall(&call, sim.state, header, blockContext, &gasUsed); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 		var (
 			tx     = call.ToTransaction(types.DynamicFeeTxType)
 			txHash = tx.Hash()
 		)
 		txes[i] = tx
+		senders[txHash] = call.from()
 		tracer.reset(txHash, uint(i))
 		sim.state.SetTxContext(txHash, i)
 		// EoA check is always skipped, even in validation mode.
@@ -272,7 +291,7 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 		result, err := applyMessageWithEVM(ctx, evm, msg, timeout, sim.gp)
 		if err != nil {
 			txErr := txValidationError(err)
-			return nil, nil, txErr
+			return nil, nil, nil, txErr
 		}
 		// Update the state with pending changes.
 		var root []byte
@@ -311,15 +330,15 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 		requests = [][]byte{}
 		// EIP-6110
 		if err := core.ParseDepositLogs(&requests, allLogs, sim.chainConfig); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 		// EIP-7002
 		if err := core.ProcessWithdrawalQueue(&requests, evm); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 		// EIP-7251
 		if err := core.ProcessConsolidationQueue(&requests, evm); err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, err
+			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 	}
 	if requests != nil {
@@ -330,10 +349,10 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 	chainHeadReader := &simChainHeadReader{ctx, sim.b}
 	b, err := sim.b.Engine().FinalizeAndAssemble(chainHeadReader, header, sim.state, blockBody, receipts)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
 	}
 	repairLogs(callResults, b.Hash())
-	return b, callResults, nil
+	return b, callResults, senders, nil
 }
 
 // repairLogs updates the block hash in the logs present in the result of

internal/ethapi/transaction_args_test.go

@@ -323,7 +323,9 @@ func (b *backendMock) CurrentHeader() *types.Header     { return b.current }
 func (b *backendMock) ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig { return b.config }
 
 // Other methods needed to implement Backend interface.
-func (b *backendMock) SyncProgress() ethereum.SyncProgress { return ethereum.SyncProgress{} }
+func (b *backendMock) SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) ethereum.SyncProgress {
+	return ethereum.SyncProgress{}
+}
 func (b *backendMock) FeeHistory(ctx context.Context, blockCount uint64, lastBlock rpc.BlockNumber, rewardPercentiles []float64) (*big.Int, [][]*big.Int, []*big.Int, []float64, []*big.Int, []float64, error) {
 	return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
 }
@@ -378,9 +380,10 @@ func (b *backendMock) SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- core.ChainHeadEvent) eve
 	return nil
 }
 func (b *backendMock) SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error { return nil }
-func (b *backendMock) GetTransaction(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64, error) {
+func (b *backendMock) GetTransaction(txHash common.Hash) (bool, *types.Transaction, common.Hash, uint64, uint64) {
-	return false, nil, [32]byte{}, 0, 0, nil
+	return false, nil, [32]byte{}, 0, 0
 }
+func (b *backendMock) TxIndexDone() bool                                        { return true }
 func (b *backendMock) GetPoolTransactions() (types.Transactions, error)         { return nil, nil }
 func (b *backendMock) GetPoolTransaction(txHash common.Hash) *types.Transaction { return nil }
 func (b *backendMock) GetPoolNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error) {

internal/web3ext/web3ext.go

@@ -247,11 +247,6 @@ web3._extend({
 			call: 'debug_vmodule',
 			params: 1
 		}),
-		new web3._extend.Method({
-			name: 'backtraceAt',
-			call: 'debug_backtraceAt',
-			params: 1,
-		}),
 		new web3._extend.Method({
 			name: 'stacks',
 			call: 'debug_stacks',

node/database.go

@@ -36,11 +36,6 @@ type openOptions struct {
 	Cache             int    // the capacity(in megabytes) of the data caching
 	Handles           int    // number of files to be open simultaneously
 	ReadOnly          bool
-
-	// Ephemeral means that filesystem sync operations should be avoided:
-	// data integrity in the face of a crash is not important. This option
-	// should typically be used in tests.
-	Ephemeral bool
 }
 
 // openDatabase opens both a disk-based key-value database such as leveldb or pebble, but also
@@ -83,7 +78,7 @@ func openKeyValueDatabase(o openOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
 	}
 	if o.Type == rawdb.DBPebble || existingDb == rawdb.DBPebble {
 		log.Info("Using pebble as the backing database")
-		return newPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly, o.Ephemeral)
+		return newPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
 	}
 	if o.Type == rawdb.DBLeveldb || existingDb == rawdb.DBLeveldb {
 		log.Info("Using leveldb as the backing database")
@@ -91,7 +86,7 @@ func openKeyValueDatabase(o openOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
 	}
 	// No pre-existing database, no user-requested one either. Default to Pebble.
 	log.Info("Defaulting to pebble as the backing database")
-	return newPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly, o.Ephemeral)
+	return newPebbleDBDatabase(o.Directory, o.Cache, o.Handles, o.Namespace, o.ReadOnly)
 }
 
 // newLevelDBDatabase creates a persistent key-value database without a freezer
@@ -107,8 +102,8 @@ func newLevelDBDatabase(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, r
 
 // newPebbleDBDatabase creates a persistent key-value database without a freezer
 // moving immutable chain segments into cold storage.
-func newPebbleDBDatabase(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool, ephemeral bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
+func newPebbleDBDatabase(file string, cache int, handles int, namespace string, readonly bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
-	db, err := pebble.New(file, cache, handles, namespace, readonly, ephemeral)
+	db, err := pebble.New(file, cache, handles, namespace, readonly)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

node/rpcstack_test.go

@@ -570,7 +570,6 @@ func TestHTTPWriteTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	// Send normal request
 	t.Run("message", func(t *testing.T) {
 		resp := rpcRequest(t, url, "test_sleep")
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
 		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -584,7 +583,6 @@ func TestHTTPWriteTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("batch", func(t *testing.T) {
 		want := fmt.Sprintf("[%s,%s,%s]", greetRes, timeoutRes, timeoutRes)
 		resp := batchRpcRequest(t, url, []string{"test_greet", "test_sleep", "test_greet"})
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
 		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)

p2p/metrics.go

@@ -66,6 +66,18 @@ var (
 
 	// capture the rest of errors that are not handled by the above meters
 	dialOtherError = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/dials/error/other", nil)
+
+	// handshake error meters for inbound connections
+	serveTooManyPeers        = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/saturated", nil)
+	serveAlreadyConnected    = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/known", nil)
+	serveSelf                = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/self", nil)
+	serveUselessPeer         = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/useless", nil)
+	serveUnexpectedIdentity  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/id/unexpected", nil)
+	serveEncHandshakeError   = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/rlpx/enc", nil) //EOF; connection reset during handshake; (message too big?)
+	serveProtoHandshakeError = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/rlpx/proto", nil)
+
+	// capture the rest of errors that are not handled by the above meters
+	serveOtherError = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("p2p/serves/error/other", nil)
 )
 
 // markDialError matches errors that occur while setting up a dial connection to the
@@ -99,6 +111,36 @@ func markDialError(err error) {
 	}
 }
 
+// markServeError matches errors that occur while serving an inbound connection
+// to the corresponding meter.
+func markServeError(err error) {
+	if !metrics.Enabled() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var reason DiscReason
+	var handshakeErr *protoHandshakeError
+	d := errors.As(err, &reason)
+	switch {
+	case d && reason == DiscTooManyPeers:
+		serveTooManyPeers.Mark(1)
+	case d && reason == DiscAlreadyConnected:
+		serveAlreadyConnected.Mark(1)
+	case d && reason == DiscSelf:
+		serveSelf.Mark(1)
+	case d && reason == DiscUselessPeer:
+		serveUselessPeer.Mark(1)
+	case d && reason == DiscUnexpectedIdentity:
+		serveUnexpectedIdentity.Mark(1)
+	case errors.As(err, &handshakeErr):
+		serveProtoHandshakeError.Mark(1)
+	case errors.Is(err, errEncHandshakeError):
+		serveEncHandshakeError.Mark(1)
+	default:
+		serveOtherError.Mark(1)
+	}
+}
+
 // meteredConn is a wrapper around a net.Conn that meters both the
 // inbound and outbound network traffic.
 type meteredConn struct {

p2p/server.go

@@ -864,6 +864,8 @@ func (srv *Server) SetupConn(fd net.Conn, flags connFlag, dialDest *enode.Node)
 	if err != nil {
 		if !c.is(inboundConn) {
 			markDialError(err)
+		} else {
+			markServeError(err)
 		}
 		c.close(err)
 	}

params/config.go

@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ var (
 		Max:            9,
 		UpdateFraction: 5007716,
 	}
-	// DefaultBlobSchedule is the latest configured blob schedule for test chains.
+	// DefaultBlobSchedule is the latest configured blob schedule for Ethereum mainnet.
 	DefaultBlobSchedule = &BlobScheduleConfig{
 		Cancun: DefaultCancunBlobConfig,
 		Prague: DefaultPragueBlobConfig,

rpc/handler.go

@@ -501,6 +501,10 @@ func (h *handler) handleCall(cp *callProc, msg *jsonrpcMessage) *jsonrpcMessage
 	if msg.isUnsubscribe() {
 		callb = h.unsubscribeCb
 	} else {
+		// Check method name length
+		if len(msg.Method) > maxMethodNameLength {
+			return msg.errorResponse(&invalidRequestError{fmt.Sprintf("method name too long: %d > %d", len(msg.Method), maxMethodNameLength)})
+		}
 		callb = h.reg.callback(msg.Method)
 	}
 	if callb == nil {
@@ -536,6 +540,11 @@ func (h *handler) handleSubscribe(cp *callProc, msg *jsonrpcMessage) *jsonrpcMes
 		return msg.errorResponse(ErrNotificationsUnsupported)
 	}
 
+	// Check method name length
+	if len(msg.Method) > maxMethodNameLength {
+		return msg.errorResponse(&invalidRequestError{fmt.Sprintf("subscription name too long: %d > %d", len(msg.Method), maxMethodNameLength)})
+	}
+
 	// Subscription method name is first argument.
 	name, err := parseSubscriptionName(msg.Params)
 	if err != nil {

rpc/json.go

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ const (
 	subscribeMethodSuffix    = "_subscribe"
 	unsubscribeMethodSuffix  = "_unsubscribe"
 	notificationMethodSuffix = "_subscription"
+	maxMethodNameLength      = 2048
 
 	defaultWriteTimeout = 10 * time.Second // used if context has no deadline
 )

rpc/websocket_test.go

@@ -391,3 +391,77 @@ func wsPingTestHandler(t *testing.T, conn *websocket.Conn, shutdown, sendPing <-
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestWebsocketMethodNameLengthLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var (
+		srv     = newTestServer()
+		httpsrv = httptest.NewServer(srv.WebsocketHandler([]string{"*"}))
+		wsURL   = "ws:" + strings.TrimPrefix(httpsrv.URL, "http:")
+	)
+	defer srv.Stop()
+	defer httpsrv.Close()
+
+	client, err := DialWebsocket(context.Background(), wsURL, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("can't dial: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Test cases
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		method         string
+		params         []interface{}
+		expectedError  string
+		isSubscription bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "valid method name",
+			method:         "test_echo",
+			params:         []interface{}{"test", 1},
+			expectedError:  "",
+			isSubscription: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "method name too long",
+			method:         "test_" + string(make([]byte, maxMethodNameLength+1)),
+			params:         []interface{}{"test", 1},
+			expectedError:  "method name too long",
+			isSubscription: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "valid subscription",
+			method:         "nftest_subscribe",
+			params:         []interface{}{"someSubscription", 1, 2},
+			expectedError:  "",
+			isSubscription: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "subscription name too long",
+			method:         string(make([]byte, maxMethodNameLength+1)) + "_subscribe",
+			params:         []interface{}{"newHeads"},
+			expectedError:  "subscription name too long",
+			isSubscription: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var result interface{}
+			err := client.Call(&result, tt.method, tt.params...)
+			if tt.expectedError == "" {
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if err == nil {
+					t.Error("expected error, got nil")
+				} else if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tt.expectedError) {
+					t.Errorf("expected error containing %q, got %q", tt.expectedError, err.Error())
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

trie/hasher.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ type hasher struct {
 
 // hasherPool holds pureHashers
 var hasherPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() interface{} {
+	New: func() any {
 		return &hasher{
 			tmp:    make([]byte, 0, 550), // cap is as large as a full fullNode.
 			sha:    crypto.NewKeccakState(),

trie/sync.go

@@ -729,9 +729,7 @@ func (s *Sync) hasNode(owner common.Hash, path []byte, hash common.Hash) (exists
 	} else {
 		blob = rawdb.ReadStorageTrieNode(s.database, owner, path)
 	}
-	h := newBlobHasher()
+	exists = hash == crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob)
-	defer h.release()
-	exists = hash == h.hash(blob)
 	inconsistent = !exists && len(blob) != 0
 	return exists, inconsistent
 }
@@ -746,23 +744,3 @@ func ResolvePath(path []byte) (common.Hash, []byte) {
 	}
 	return owner, path
 }
-
-// blobHasher is used to compute the sha256 hash of the provided data.
-type blobHasher struct{ state crypto.KeccakState }
-
-// blobHasherPool is the pool for reusing pre-allocated hash state.
-var blobHasherPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() interface{} { return &blobHasher{state: crypto.NewKeccakState()} },
-}
-
-func newBlobHasher() *blobHasher {
-	return blobHasherPool.Get().(*blobHasher)
-}
-
-func (h *blobHasher) hash(data []byte) common.Hash {
-	return crypto.HashData(h.state, data)
-}
-
-func (h *blobHasher) release() {
-	blobHasherPool.Put(h)
-}

trie/trie_test.go

@@ -830,6 +830,7 @@ func (s *spongeDb) NewBatch() ethdb.Batch                    { return &spongeBat
 func (s *spongeDb) NewBatchWithSize(size int) ethdb.Batch    { return &spongeBatch{s} }
 func (s *spongeDb) Stat() (string, error)                    { panic("implement me") }
 func (s *spongeDb) Compact(start []byte, limit []byte) error { panic("implement me") }
+func (s *spongeDb) SyncKeyValue() error                      { return nil }
 func (s *spongeDb) Close() error                             { return nil }
 func (s *spongeDb) Put(key []byte, value []byte) error {
 	var (

triedb/pathdb/buffer.go

@@ -135,10 +135,13 @@ func (b *buffer) flush(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, freezer ethdb.AncientWriter, node
 		start = time.Now()
 		batch = db.NewBatchWithSize(b.nodes.dbsize() * 11 / 10) // extra 10% for potential pebble internal stuff
 	)
-	// Explicitly sync the state freezer, ensuring that all written
+	// Explicitly sync the state freezer to ensure all written data is persisted to disk
-	// data is transferred to disk before updating the key-value store.
+	// before updating the key-value store.
+	//
+	// This step is crucial to guarantee that the corresponding state history remains
+	// available for state rollback.
 	if freezer != nil {
-		if err := freezer.Sync(); err != nil {
+		if err := freezer.SyncAncient(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

triedb/pathdb/database.go

@@ -454,6 +454,15 @@ func (db *Database) Recover(root common.Hash) error {
 		db.tree.reset(dl)
 	}
 	rawdb.DeleteTrieJournal(db.diskdb)
+
+	// Explicitly sync the key-value store to ensure all recent writes are
+	// flushed to disk. This step is crucial to prevent a scenario where
+	// recent key-value writes are lost due to an application panic, while
+	// the associated state histories have already been removed, resulting
+	// in the inability to perform a state rollback.
+	if err := db.diskdb.SyncKeyValue(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	_, err := truncateFromHead(db.diskdb, db.freezer, dl.stateID())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err

triedb/pathdb/disklayer.go

@@ -115,15 +115,12 @@ func (dl *diskLayer) node(owner common.Hash, path []byte, depth int) ([]byte, co
 	dirtyNodeMissMeter.Mark(1)
 
 	// Try to retrieve the trie node from the clean memory cache
-	h := newHasher()
-	defer h.release()
-
 	key := nodeCacheKey(owner, path)
 	if dl.nodes != nil {
 		if blob := dl.nodes.Get(nil, key); len(blob) > 0 {
 			cleanNodeHitMeter.Mark(1)
 			cleanNodeReadMeter.Mark(int64(len(blob)))
-			return blob, h.hash(blob), &nodeLoc{loc: locCleanCache, depth: depth}, nil
+			return blob, crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob), &nodeLoc{loc: locCleanCache, depth: depth}, nil
 		}
 		cleanNodeMissMeter.Mark(1)
 	}
@@ -138,7 +135,7 @@ func (dl *diskLayer) node(owner common.Hash, path []byte, depth int) ([]byte, co
 		dl.nodes.Set(key, blob)
 		cleanNodeWriteMeter.Mark(int64(len(blob)))
 	}
-	return blob, h.hash(blob), &nodeLoc{loc: locDiskLayer, depth: depth}, nil
+	return blob, crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob), &nodeLoc{loc: locDiskLayer, depth: depth}, nil
 }
 
 // account directly retrieves the account RLP associated with a particular
@@ -231,6 +228,8 @@ func (dl *diskLayer) commit(bottom *diffLayer, force bool) (*diskLayer, error) {
 		oldest   uint64
 	)
 	if dl.db.freezer != nil {
+		// Bail out with an error if writing the state history fails.
+		// This can happen, for example, if the device is full.
 		err := writeHistory(dl.db.freezer, bottom)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -357,22 +356,3 @@ func (dl *diskLayer) resetCache() {
 		dl.nodes.Reset()
 	}
 }
-
-// hasher is used to compute the sha256 hash of the provided data.
-type hasher struct{ sha crypto.KeccakState }
-
-var hasherPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() interface{} { return &hasher{sha: crypto.NewKeccakState()} },
-}
-
-func newHasher() *hasher {
-	return hasherPool.Get().(*hasher)
-}
-
-func (h *hasher) hash(data []byte) common.Hash {
-	return crypto.HashData(h.sha, data)
-}
-
-func (h *hasher) release() {
-	hasherPool.Put(h)
-}

triedb/pathdb/execute.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie/trienode"
@@ -85,10 +86,9 @@ func apply(db database.NodeDatabase, prevRoot common.Hash, postRoot common.Hash,
 func updateAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address) error {
 	// The account was present in prev-state, decode it from the
 	// 'slim-rlp' format bytes.
-	h := newHasher()
+	h := crypto.NewKeccakState()
-	defer h.release()
 
-	addrHash := h.hash(addr.Bytes())
+	addrHash := crypto.HashData(h, addr.Bytes())
 	prev, err := types.FullAccount(ctx.accounts[addr])
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func updateAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address)
 	for key, val := range ctx.storages[addr] {
 		tkey := key
 		if ctx.rawStorageKey {
-			tkey = h.hash(key.Bytes())
+			tkey = crypto.HashData(h, key.Bytes())
 		}
 		var err error
 		if len(val) == 0 {
@@ -149,10 +149,9 @@ func updateAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address)
 // account and storage is wiped out correctly.
 func deleteAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address) error {
 	// The account must be existent in post-state, load the account.
-	h := newHasher()
+	h := crypto.NewKeccakState()
-	defer h.release()
 
-	addrHash := h.hash(addr.Bytes())
+	addrHash := crypto.HashData(h, addr.Bytes())
 	blob, err := ctx.accountTrie.Get(addrHash.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@ func deleteAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address)
 		}
 		tkey := key
 		if ctx.rawStorageKey {
-			tkey = h.hash(key.Bytes())
+			tkey = crypto.HashData(h, key.Bytes())
 		}
 		if err := st.Delete(tkey.Bytes()); err != nil {
 			return err

triedb/pathdb/history.go

@@ -542,8 +542,9 @@ func writeHistory(writer ethdb.AncientWriter, dl *diffLayer) error {
 	indexSize := common.StorageSize(len(accountIndex) + len(storageIndex))
 
 	// Write history data into five freezer table respectively.
-	rawdb.WriteStateHistory(writer, dl.stateID(), history.meta.encode(), accountIndex, storageIndex, accountData, storageData)
+	if err := rawdb.WriteStateHistory(writer, dl.stateID(), history.meta.encode(), accountIndex, storageIndex, accountData, storageData); err != nil {
-
+		return err
+	}
 	historyDataBytesMeter.Mark(int64(dataSize))
 	historyIndexBytesMeter.Mark(int64(indexSize))
 	historyBuildTimeMeter.UpdateSince(start)

triedb/pathdb/metrics.go

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ var (
 	nodeDiskFalseMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/disk/false", nil)
 	nodeDiffFalseMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/diff/false", nil)
 
-	commitTimeTimer  = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("pathdb/commit/time", nil)
+	commitTimeTimer  = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("pathdb/commit/time", nil)
 	commitNodesMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/commit/nodes", nil)
 	commitBytesMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/commit/bytes", nil)
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ var (
 	gcStorageMeter       = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/gc/storage/count", nil)
 	gcStorageBytesMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/gc/storage/bytes", nil)
 
-	historyBuildTimeMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("pathdb/history/time", nil)
+	historyBuildTimeMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("pathdb/history/time", nil)
 	historyDataBytesMeter  = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/history/bytes/data", nil)
 	historyIndexBytesMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("pathdb/history/bytes/index", nil)
 )

triedb/preimages_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package triedb
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb/hashdb"
+)
+
+// TestDatabasePreimages tests the preimage functionality of the trie database.
+func TestDatabasePreimages(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a database with preimages enabled
+	memDB := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
+	config := &Config{
+		Preimages: true,
+		HashDB:    hashdb.Defaults,
+	}
+	db := NewDatabase(memDB, config)
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	// Test inserting and retrieving preimages
+	preimages := make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		data := []byte{byte(i), byte(i + 1), byte(i + 2)}
+		hash := common.BytesToHash(data)
+		preimages[hash] = data
+	}
+
+	// Insert preimages into the database
+	db.InsertPreimage(preimages)
+
+	// Verify all preimages are retrievable
+	for hash, data := range preimages {
+		retrieved := db.Preimage(hash)
+		if retrieved == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Preimage for %x not found", hash)
+		}
+		if !bytes.Equal(retrieved, data) {
+			t.Errorf("Preimage data mismatch: got %x want %x", retrieved, data)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Test non-existent preimage
+	nonExistentHash := common.HexToHash("deadbeef")
+	if data := db.Preimage(nonExistentHash); data != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected preimage data for non-existent hash: %x", data)
+	}
+
+	// Force preimage commit and verify again
+	db.WritePreimages()
+	for hash, data := range preimages {
+		retrieved := db.Preimage(hash)
+		if retrieved == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Preimage for %x not found after forced commit", hash)
+		}
+		if !bytes.Equal(retrieved, data) {
+			t.Errorf("Preimage data mismatch after forced commit: got %x want %x", retrieved, data)
+		}
+	}
+}

version/version.go

@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ package version
 const (
 	Major = 1          // Major version component of the current release
 	Minor = 15         // Minor version component of the current release
-	Patch = 11         // Patch version component of the current release
+	Patch = 12         // Patch version component of the current release
 	Meta  = "unstable" // Version metadata to append to the version string
 )