core/rawdb, triedb: add verkle namespace in pathdb

core/genesis_test.go

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ func TestVerkleGenesisCommit(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, &triedb.Config{IsVerkle: true, PathDB: pathdb.Defaults})
+	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, triedb.VerkleDefaults)
 	block := genesis.MustCommit(db, triedb)
 	if !bytes.Equal(block.Root().Bytes(), expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("invalid genesis state root, expected %x, got %x", expected, block.Root())
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ func TestVerkleGenesisCommit(t *testing.T) {
 	if !triedb.IsVerkle() {
 		t.Fatalf("expected trie to be verkle")
 	}
-
-	if !rawdb.HasAccountTrieNode(db, nil) {
+	vdb := rawdb.NewTable(db, string(rawdb.VerklePrefix))
+	if !rawdb.HasAccountTrieNode(vdb, nil) {
 		t.Fatal("could not find node")
 	}
 }

core/rawdb/accessors_trie.go

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ func DeleteTrieNode(db ethdb.KeyValueWriter, owner common.Hash, path []byte, has
 
 // ReadStateScheme reads the state scheme of persistent state, or none
 // if the state is not present in database.
-func ReadStateScheme(db ethdb.Reader) string {
+func ReadStateScheme(db ethdb.Database) string {
 	// Check if state in path-based scheme is present.
 	if HasAccountTrieNode(db, nil) {
 		return PathScheme
@@ -255,6 +255,16 @@ func ReadStateScheme(db ethdb.Reader) string {
 	if id := ReadPersistentStateID(db); id != 0 {
 		return PathScheme
 	}
+	// Check if verkle state in path-based scheme is present.
+	vdb := NewTable(db, string(VerklePrefix))
+	if HasAccountTrieNode(vdb, nil) {
+		return PathScheme
+	}
+	// The root node of verkle might be deleted during the initial snap sync,
+	// check the persistent state id then.
+	if id := ReadPersistentStateID(vdb); id != 0 {
+		return PathScheme
+	}
 	// In a hash-based scheme, the genesis state is consistently stored
 	// on the disk. To assess the scheme of the persistent state, it
 	// suffices to inspect the scheme of the genesis state.

core/rawdb/database.go

@@ -481,6 +481,10 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 		beaconHeaders   stat
 		cliqueSnaps     stat
 
+		// Verkle statistics
+		verkleTries        stat
+		verkleStateLookups stat
+
 		// Les statistic
 		chtTrieNodes   stat
 		bloomTrieNodes stat
@@ -550,6 +554,24 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 			bytes.HasPrefix(key, BloomTrieIndexPrefix) ||
 			bytes.HasPrefix(key, BloomTriePrefix): // Bloomtrie sub
 			bloomTrieNodes.Add(size)
+
+		// Verkle trie data is detected, determine the sub-category
+		case bytes.HasPrefix(key, VerklePrefix):
+			remain := key[len(VerklePrefix):]
+			switch {
+			case IsAccountTrieNode(remain):
+				verkleTries.Add(size)
+			case bytes.HasPrefix(remain, stateIDPrefix) && len(remain) == len(stateIDPrefix)+common.HashLength:
+				verkleStateLookups.Add(size)
+			case bytes.Equal(remain, persistentStateIDKey):
+				metadata.Add(size)
+			case bytes.Equal(remain, trieJournalKey):
+				metadata.Add(size)
+			case bytes.Equal(remain, snapSyncStatusFlagKey):
+				metadata.Add(size)
+			default:
+				unaccounted.Add(size)
+			}
 		default:
 			var accounted bool
 			for _, meta := range [][]byte{
@@ -590,6 +612,8 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database, keyPrefix, keyStart []byte) error {
 		{"Key-Value store", "Path trie state lookups", stateLookups.Size(), stateLookups.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Path trie account nodes", accountTries.Size(), accountTries.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Path trie storage nodes", storageTries.Size(), storageTries.Count()},
+		{"Key-Value store", "Verkle trie nodes", verkleTries.Size(), verkleTries.Count()},
+		{"Key-Value store", "Verkle trie state lookups", verkleStateLookups.Size(), verkleStateLookups.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Trie preimages", preimages.Size(), preimages.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Account snapshot", accountSnaps.Size(), accountSnaps.Count()},
 		{"Key-Value store", "Storage snapshot", storageSnaps.Size(), storageSnaps.Count()},

core/rawdb/schema.go

@@ -117,6 +117,13 @@ var (
 	TrieNodeStoragePrefix = []byte("O") // TrieNodeStoragePrefix + accountHash + hexPath -> trie node
 	stateIDPrefix         = []byte("L") // stateIDPrefix + state root -> state id
 
+	// VerklePrefix is the database prefix for Verkle trie data, which includes:
+	// (a) Trie nodes
+	// (b) In-memory trie node journal
+	// (c) Persistent state ID
+	// (d) State ID lookups, etc.
+	VerklePrefix = []byte("v")
+
 	PreimagePrefix = []byte("secure-key-")       // PreimagePrefix + hash -> preimage
 	configPrefix   = []byte("ethereum-config-")  // config prefix for the db
 	genesisPrefix  = []byte("ethereum-genesis-") // genesis state prefix for the db

triedb/database.go

@@ -43,9 +43,18 @@ type Config struct {
 // default settings.
 var HashDefaults = &Config{
 	Preimages: false,
+	IsVerkle:  false,
 	HashDB:    hashdb.Defaults,
 }
 
+// VerkleDefaults represents a config for holding verkle trie data
+// using path-based scheme with default settings.
+var VerkleDefaults = &Config{
+	Preimages: false,
+	IsVerkle:  true,
+	PathDB:    pathdb.Defaults,
+}
+
 // backend defines the methods needed to access/update trie nodes in different
 // state scheme.
 type backend interface {
@@ -85,7 +94,6 @@ type backend interface {
 // relevant with trie nodes and node preimages.
 type Database struct {
 	config    *Config        // Configuration for trie database
-	diskdb    ethdb.Database // Persistent database to store the snapshot
 	preimages *preimageStore // The store for caching preimages
 	backend   backend        // The backend for managing trie nodes
 }
@@ -103,7 +111,6 @@ func NewDatabase(diskdb ethdb.Database, config *Config) *Database {
 	}
 	db := &Database{
 		config:    config,
-		diskdb:    diskdb,
 		preimages: preimages,
 	}
 	if config.HashDB != nil && config.PathDB != nil {

triedb/pathdb/database.go

@@ -152,6 +152,14 @@ func New(diskdb ethdb.Database, config *Config, isVerkle bool) *Database {
 	}
 	config = config.sanitize()
 
+	// Establish a dedicated database namespace tailored for verkle-specific
+	// data, ensuring the isolation of both verkle and merkle tree data. It's
+	// important to note that the introduction of a prefix won't lead to
+	// substantial storage overhead, as the underlying database will efficiently
+	// compress the shared key prefix.
+	if isVerkle {
+		diskdb = rawdb.NewTable(diskdb, string(rawdb.VerklePrefix))
+	}
 	db := &Database{
 		readOnly:   config.ReadOnly,
 		isVerkle:   isVerkle,