Merge tag 'v2.0.3' into release/polygon-2.x-fh3.0

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Heimdall client version: [e.g. v0.2.10] <!--Can be found by running the command
 
 OS & Version: Windows / Linux / OSX
 
-Environment: Polygon Mainnet / Polygon Mumbai / Polygon Amoy / Devnet
+Environment: Polygon Mainnet / Polygon Amoy / Devnet
 
 Type of node: Validator / Sentry / Archive
 

.github/matic-cli-config.yml

@@ -1,26 +1,38 @@
-defaultStake: 10000
+devnetType: docker
+
 defaultFee: 2000
+defaultStake: 10000
+
 borChainId: 15001
 heimdallChainId: heimdall-15001
-contractsBranch: mardizzone/node-16
+
+borDockerBuildContext: '../../bor'
+heimdallDockerBuildContext: 'https://github.com/maticnetwork/heimdall.git#develop'
+
 genesisContractsBranch: master
-sprintSize:
+contractsRepo: https://github.com/0xPolygon/pos-contracts.git
-  - '64'
+contractsBranch: anvil-pos
-blockNumber:
+
-  - '0'
 blockTime:
   - '2'
+blockNumber:
+  - '0'
+
+sprintSize:
+  - '64'
+sprintSizeBlockNumber:
+  - '0'
+
 numOfBorValidators: 3
 numOfBorSentries: 0
 numOfBorArchiveNodes: 0
+
+devnetBorFlags: config,config,config
+
 numOfErigonValidators: 0
 numOfErigonSentries: 0
 numOfErigonArchiveNodes: 0
-ethURL: http://ganache:9545
+
+ethURL: http://anvil:9545
 ethHostUser: ubuntu
-devnetType: docker
+mnemonic: 'clock radar mass judge dismiss just intact mind resemble fringe diary casino'
-borDockerBuildContext: "../../bor"
-heimdallDockerBuildContext: "https://github.com/maticnetwork/heimdall.git#develop"
-sprintSizeBlockNumber:
-  - '0'
-devnetBorFlags: config,config,config

.github/no-response.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Number of days of inactivity before an Issue is closed for lack of response
 daysUntilClose: 30
 # Label requiring a response
-responseRequiredLabel: "need:more-information"
+responseRequiredLabel: 'need:more-information'
 # Comment to post when closing an Issue for lack of response. Set to `false` to disable
 closeComment: >
   This issue has been automatically closed because there has been no response

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ In case this PR includes changes that must be applied only to a subset of nodes,
 - [ ] I have added tests to CI
 - [ ] I have tested this code manually on local environment
 - [ ] I have tested this code manually on remote devnet using express-cli
-- [ ] I have tested this code manually on mumbai/amoy
+- [ ] I have tested this code manually on amoy
 - [ ] I have created new e2e tests into express-cli
 
 ### Manual tests

.github/stale.yml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ exemptLabels:
   - pinned
   - security
 # Label to use when marking an issue as stale
-staleLabel: "status:inactive"
+staleLabel: 'status:inactive'
 # Comment to post when marking an issue as stale. Set to `false` to disable
 markComment: >
   This issue has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had

.github/workflows/amoy_deb_profiles.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       id-token: write
       contents: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ jobs:
           NUMERIC_VERSION=$( echo ${{ env.GIT_TAG }} | sed 's/[^0-9.]//g' ) 
           echo "VERSION=$NUMERIC_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
-
       - name: Making directory structure for yaml
         run: mkdir -p packaging/deb/bor/var/lib/bor
       - name: making directory structure for the systemd
@@ -391,14 +390,3 @@ jobs:
             packaging/deb/bor-pbss-amoy-**.deb 
             packaging/deb/bor-amoy-**.deb.checksum
             packaging/deb/bor-pbss-amoy-**.deb.checksum
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ name: CI
 on:
   push:
     branches:
-      - "master"
+      - 'master'
-      - "qa"
+      - 'qa'
-      - "develop"
+      - 'develop'
   pull_request:
     branches:
-      - "**"
+      - '**'
     types: [opened, synchronize]
 
 concurrency:
@@ -16,11 +16,14 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   build:
+    name: Build
+
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - run: |
@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ jobs:
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ jobs:
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -167,7 +170,7 @@ jobs:
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     needs: [unit-tests, integration-tests]
     steps:
@@ -182,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
     if: (github.event.action != 'closed' || github.event.pull_request.merged == true)
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04 ] # list of os: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04] # List of OS: https://github.com/actions/virtual-environments
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -211,9 +214,7 @@ jobs:
           sudo apt update
           sudo apt install build-essential
           curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/master/install.sh | bash
-            sudo snap install solc
+          sudo apt install jq curl
-            sudo apt install python2 jq curl
-            sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python2 /usr/bin/python
 
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
         with:
@@ -225,6 +226,23 @@ jobs:
             matic-cli/devnet/code/genesis-contracts/package-lock.json
             matic-cli/devnet/code/genesis-contracts/matic-contracts/package-lock.json
 
+      - name: Install solc-select
+        run: |
+          sudo apt update
+          sudo apt install python3 python3-pip -y
+          sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
+          pip install solc-select
+
+      - name: Install Solidity Version
+        run: |
+          solc-select install 0.5.17
+          solc-select install 0.6.12
+          solc-select use 0.5.17
+          solc --version
+
+      - name: Install Foundry
+        uses: foundry-rs/foundry-toolchain@v1
+
       - name: Bootstrap devnet
         run: |
           cd matic-cli
@@ -242,14 +260,21 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run smoke tests
         run: |
-            echo "Funding ganache accounts..."
-            timeout 10m bash bor/integration-tests/fund_ganache_accounts.sh
           echo "Deposit 100 matic for each account to bor network"
-            cd matic-cli/devnet/code/contracts
+          cd matic-cli/devnet/devnet
-            npm run truffle exec scripts/deposit.js -- --network development $(jq -r .root.tokens.MaticToken contractAddresses.json) 100000000000000000000
+          SCRIPT_ADDRESS=$(jq -r '.[0].address' signer-dump.json)
-            cd -
+          SCRIPT_PRIVATE_KEY=$(jq -r '.[0].priv_key' signer-dump.json)
+          cd ../code/pos-contracts
+          CONTRACT_ADDRESS=$(jq -r .root.tokens.MaticToken contractAddresses.json)
+          forge script scripts/matic-cli-scripts/Deposit.s.sol:MaticDeposit --rpc-url http://localhost:9545 --private-key $SCRIPT_PRIVATE_KEY --broadcast --sig "run(address,address,uint256)" $SCRIPT_ADDRESS $CONTRACT_ADDRESS 100000000000000000000
+          cd ../../../..
           timeout 60m bash bor/integration-tests/smoke_test.sh
 
+      - name: Run RPC Tests
+        run: |
+          echo "Starting RPC Tests..."
+          timeout 5m bash bor/integration-tests/rpc_test.sh
+
       - name: Upload logs
         if: always()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4.4.0

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-name: "CodeQL"
+name: 'CodeQL'
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [ "master", "develop" ]
+    branches: ['master', 'develop']
   pull_request:
-    branches: [ "master", "develop" ]
+    branches: ['master', 'develop']
   schedule:
     - cron: '0 0 * * *'
 
@@ -43,4 +43,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
         uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
         with:
-          category: "/language:${{matrix.language}}"
+          category: '/language:${{matrix.language}}'

.github/workflows/govulncheck.yml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.23.6"
+          go-version: '1.23.6'
           check-latest: true
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: technote-space/get-diff-action@v6
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ jobs:
             Makefile
       - name: govulncheck
         run: make vulncheck
-        if: "env.GIT_DIFF != ''"
+        if: env.GIT_DIFF != ''

.github/workflows/mainnet_deb_profiles.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       id-token: write
       contents: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ jobs:
           NUMERIC_VERSION=$( echo ${{ env.GIT_TAG }} | sed 's/[^0-9.]//g' ) 
           echo "VERSION=$NUMERIC_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
-
       - name: Making directory structure for yaml
         run: mkdir -p packaging/deb/bor/var/lib/bor
       - name: making directory structure for the systemd
@@ -387,8 +386,6 @@ jobs:
           NODE: archive
           NETWORK: mainnet
 
-
-
       ############ Check and Upload ##########################
       - name: Confirming package built
         run: ls -ltr packaging/deb/ | grep bor

.github/workflows/packager_deb.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       id-token: write
       contents: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "Maintainer: devops@polygon.technology" >> packaging/deb/bor/DEBIAN/control
           echo "Description: bor binary package" >> packaging/deb/bor/DEBIAN/control
 
-
       - name: Creating package for binary for bor ${{ env.ARCH }}
         run: cp -rp packaging/deb/bor packaging/deb/bor-${{ env.GIT_TAG }}-${{ env.ARCH }}
         env:

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   stale:
-
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       issues: write

.gitignore

@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@ cover.out
 /build/bin/
 /geth*.zip
 
+# used by the build/ci.go archive + upload tool
+/geth*.tar.gz
+/geth*.tar.gz.sig
+/geth*.tar.gz.asc
+/geth*.zip.sig
+/geth*.zip.asc
+
+
 # travis
 profile.tmp
 profile.cov

.golangci.yml

@@ -60,6 +60,10 @@ issues:
     - path: crypto/bn256/
       linters:
         - revive
+    - path: cmd/utils/flags.go
+      text: "SA1019: cfg.TxLookupLimit is deprecated: use 'TransactionHistory' instead."
+    - path: cmd/utils/flags.go
+      text: "SA1019: ethconfig.Defaults.TxLookupLimit is deprecated: use 'TransactionHistory' instead."
     - path: internal/build/pgp.go
       text: 'SA1019: "golang.org/x/crypto/openpgp" is deprecated: this package is unmaintained except for security fixes.'
     - path: core/vm/contracts.go

.travis.yml

@@ -9,26 +9,13 @@ jobs:
         - azure-osx
 
   include:
-    # This builder only tests code linters on latest version of Go
+    # This builder create and push the Docker images for all architectures
-    - stage: lint
-      os: linux
-      dist: bionic
-      go: 1.22.x
-      env:
-        - lint
-      git:
-        submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
-      script:
-        - go run build/ci.go lint
-
-    # These builders create the Docker sub-images for multi-arch push and each
-    # will attempt to push the multi-arch image if they are the last builder
     - stage: build
       if: type = push
       os: linux
       arch: amd64
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       env:
         - docker
       services:
@@ -38,24 +25,7 @@ jobs:
       before_install:
         - export DOCKER_CLI_EXPERIMENTAL=enabled
       script:
-        - go run build/ci.go docker -image -manifest amd64,arm64 -upload ethereum/client-go
+        - go run build/ci.go dockerx -platform "linux/amd64,linux/arm64" -upload ethereum/client-go
-
-    - stage: build
-      if: type = push
-      os: linux
-      arch: arm64
-      dist: noble
-      go: 1.22.x
-      env:
-        - docker
-      services:
-        - docker
-      git:
-        submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
-      before_install:
-        - export DOCKER_CLI_EXPERIMENTAL=enabled
-      script:
-        - go run build/ci.go docker -image -manifest amd64,arm64 -upload ethereum/client-go
 
     # This builder does the Ubuntu PPA upload
     - stage: build
@@ -85,9 +55,9 @@ jobs:
     - stage: build
       if: type = push
       os: linux
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
       sudo: required
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       env:
         - azure-linux
       git:
@@ -99,6 +69,7 @@ jobs:
 
         # build 386
         - sudo -E apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install gcc-multilib
+        - git status --porcelain
         - go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch 386
         - go run build/ci.go archive -arch 386 -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -signify SIGNIFY_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
 
@@ -158,12 +129,13 @@ jobs:
       if: type = push
       os: osx
       osx_image: xcode14.2
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.1 # See https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/30478
       env:
         - azure-osx
       git:
         submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
       script:
+        - ln -sf /Users/travis/gopath/bin/go1.23.1 /usr/local/bin/go # Work around travis go-setup bug
         - go run build/ci.go install -dlgo
         - go run build/ci.go archive -type tar -signer OSX_SIGNING_KEY -signify SIGNIFY_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
         - go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm64
@@ -174,8 +146,8 @@ jobs:
       if: type = push
       os: linux
       arch: amd64
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       script:
         - travis_wait 45 go run build/ci.go test $TEST_PACKAGES
 
@@ -190,7 +162,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - stage: build
       os: linux
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
       go: 1.22.x
       script:
         - travis_wait 45 go run build/ci.go test $TEST_PACKAGES
@@ -199,8 +171,8 @@ jobs:
     - stage: build
       if: type = cron || (type = push && tag ~= /^v[0-9]/)
       os: linux
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       env:
         - ubuntu-ppa
       git:
@@ -215,8 +187,8 @@ jobs:
     - stage: build
       if: type = cron
       os: linux
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       env:
         - azure-purge
       git:
@@ -228,8 +200,8 @@ jobs:
     - stage: build
       if: type = cron
       os: linux
-      dist: noble
+      dist: focal
-      go: 1.22.x
+      go: 1.23.x
       env:
         - racetests
       script:

Dockerfile.alltools

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Build Geth in a stock Go builder container
-FROM golang:1.22.1-alpine as builder
+FROM golang:1.23-alpine AS builder
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache make gcc musl-dev linux-headers git
 

Makefile

@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ lintci-deps:
 vulncheck:
 	@go run golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@latest ./...
 
-
 goimports:
 	goimports -local "$(PACKAGE)" -w .
 

README.md

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 # Bor Overview
-Bor is the Official Golang implementation of the Polygon PoS blockchain. It is a fork of [geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum) and is EVM compatible (upto London fork).
+Bor is the official Golang implementation of the Polygon PoS blockchain. It is a fork of [geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum) and is EVM compatible (upto London fork).
 
-[![API Reference](
+[![API Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/maticnetwork/bor)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/maticnetwork/bor)
-https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/maticnetwork/bor
-)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/maticnetwork/bor)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/maticnetwork/bor)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/maticnetwork/bor)
 ![MIT License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/maticnetwork/bor)
 [![Discord](https://img.shields.io/badge/discord-join%20chat-blue.svg)](https://discord.com/invite/0xpolygonrnd)
@@ -13,15 +11,15 @@ https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/maticnetwork/bor
 
 The easiest way to get started with bor is to install the packages using the command below. Please take a look at the [releases](https://github.com/maticnetwork/bor/releases) section to find the latest stable version of bor.
     
-    curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/maticnetwork/install/main/bor.sh | bash -s -- v0.4.0 <network> <node_type>
+    curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/maticnetwork/install/main/bor.sh | bash -s -- v2.0.0 <network> <node_type>
 
-The network accepts `mainnet`,`amoy` or `mumbai` and the node type accepts `validator` or `sentry` or `archive`. The installation script does the following things:
+The network accepts `mainnet`, or `amoy` and the node type accepts `validator` or `sentry` or `archive`. The installation script does the following things:
 - Create a new user named `bor`.
 - Install the bor binary at `/usr/bin/bor`.
 - Dump the suitable config file (based on the network and node type provided) at `/var/lib/bor` and use it as the home dir.
 - Create a systemd service named `bor` at `/lib/systemd/system/bor.service` which starts bor using the config file as `bor` user.
 
-The releases supports both the networks i.e. Polygon Mainnet, Amoy and Mumbai (Testnet) unless explicitly specified. Before the stable release for mainnet, pre-releases will be available marked with `beta` tag for deploying on Mumbai/Amoy (testnet). On sufficient testing, stable release for mainnet will be announced with a forum post.
+The releases supports both the networks i.e. Polygon Mainnet, and Amoy (Testnet) unless explicitly specified. Before the stable release for mainnet, pre-releases will be available marked with `beta` tag for deploying on Amoy (testnet). On sufficient testing, stable release for mainnet will be announced with a forum post.
 
 ### Building from source
 

accounts/abi/abi_test.go

@@ -1326,3 +1326,10 @@ func TestUnpackRevert(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestInternalContractType(t *testing.T) {
+	jsonData := `[{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"dailyLimit","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"txLimit","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"accountDailyLimit","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"minAmount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"onlyWhitelisted","type":"bool"}],"internalType":"struct IMessagePassingBridge.BridgeLimits","name":"bridgeLimits","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"lastTransferReset","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"bridged24Hours","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IMessagePassingBridge.AccountLimit","name":"accountDailyLimit","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"lastTransferReset","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"bridged24Hours","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IMessagePassingBridge.BridgeDailyLimit","name":"bridgeDailyLimit","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"contract INameService","name":"nameService","type":"INameService"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"isClosed","type":"bool"},{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"canBridge","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"isWithinLimit","type":"bool"},{"internalType":"string","name":"error","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"decimals","type":"uint8"}],"name":"normalizeFrom18ToTokenDecimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"normalized","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"decimals","type":"uint8"}],"name":"normalizeFromTokenTo18Decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"normalized","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"}]`
+	if _, err := JSON(strings.NewReader(jsonData)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}

accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) rollback(parent *types.Block) {
 	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, parent, ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(int, *core.BlockGen) {})
 
 	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
-	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), b.blockchain.StateCache(), nil)
+	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), b.blockchain.StateCache())
 }
 
 // Fork creates a side-chain that can be used to simulate reorgs.
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) callContract(ctx context.Context, call ethereum.CallM
 		GasTipCap:       call.GasTipCap,
 		Data:            call.Data,
 		AccessList:      call.AccessList,
-		SkipAccountChecks: true,
+		SkipNonceChecks: true,
 	}
 
 	// Create a new environment which holds all relevant information
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transa
 		return err
 	}
 	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
-	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database(), nil)
+	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database())
 	b.pendingReceipts = receipts[0]
 	return nil
 }
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) AdjustTime(adjustment time.Duration) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
-	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database(), nil)
+	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), stateDB.Database())
 	return nil
 }
 

accounts/abi/bind/util_test.go

@@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ func TestWaitDeployed(t *testing.T) {
 		}()
 
 		// Send and mine the transaction.
-		backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx)
+		if err := backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("test %q: failed to send transaction: %v", name, err)
+		}
 		backend.Commit()
 
 		select {
@@ -122,7 +124,9 @@ func TestWaitDeployedCornerCases(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	defer cancel()
-	backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx)
+	if err := backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("failed to send transaction: %q", err)
+	}
 	backend.Commit()
 	notContractCreation := errors.New("tx is not contract creation")
 	if _, err := bind.WaitDeployed(ctx, backend, tx); err.Error() != notContractCreation.Error() {
@@ -140,6 +144,8 @@ func TestWaitDeployedCornerCases(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx)
+	if err := backend.SendTransaction(ctx, tx); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("failed to send transaction: %q", err)
+	}
 	cancel()
 }

accounts/abi/type.go

@@ -238,8 +238,13 @@ func NewType(t string, internalType string, components []ArgumentMarshaling) (ty
 		typ.T = FunctionTy
 		typ.Size = 24
 	default:
+		if strings.HasPrefix(internalType, "contract ") {
+			typ.Size = 20
+			typ.T = AddressTy
+		} else {
 			return Type{}, fmt.Errorf("unsupported arg type: %s", t)
 		}
+	}
 
 	return
 }

beacon/blsync/block_sync_test.go

@@ -70,7 +70,10 @@ func TestBlockSync(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Helper()
 		var expNumber, headNumber uint64
 		if expHead != nil {
-			p, _ := expHead.ExecutionPayload()
+			p, err := expHead.ExecutionPayload()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expHead.ExecutionPayload() failed: %v", err)
+			}
 			expNumber = p.NumberU64()
 		}
 		select {

beacon/blsync/config.go

@@ -56,32 +56,17 @@ var (
 			AddFork("DENEB", 132608, []byte{144, 0, 0, 115}),
 		Checkpoint: common.HexToHash("0x1005a6d9175e96bfbce4d35b80f468e9bff0b674e1e861d16e09e10005a58e81"),
 	}
-
-	GoerliConfig = lightClientConfig{
-		ChainConfig: (&types.ChainConfig{
-			GenesisValidatorsRoot: common.HexToHash("0x043db0d9a83813551ee2f33450d23797757d430911a9320530ad8a0eabc43efb"),
-			GenesisTime:           1614588812,
-		}).
-			AddFork("GENESIS", 0, []byte{0, 0, 16, 32}).
-			AddFork("ALTAIR", 36660, []byte{1, 0, 16, 32}).
-			AddFork("BELLATRIX", 112260, []byte{2, 0, 16, 32}).
-			AddFork("CAPELLA", 162304, []byte{3, 0, 16, 32}).
-			AddFork("DENEB", 231680, []byte{4, 0, 16, 32}),
-		Checkpoint: common.HexToHash("0x53a0f4f0a378e2c4ae0a9ee97407eb69d0d737d8d8cd0a5fb1093f42f7b81c49"),
-	}
 )
 
 func makeChainConfig(ctx *cli.Context) lightClientConfig {
 	var config lightClientConfig
 	customConfig := ctx.IsSet(utils.BeaconConfigFlag.Name)
-	utils.CheckExclusive(ctx, utils.MainnetFlag, utils.GoerliFlag, utils.SepoliaFlag, utils.BeaconConfigFlag)
+	utils.CheckExclusive(ctx, utils.MainnetFlag, utils.SepoliaFlag, utils.BeaconConfigFlag)
 	switch {
 	case ctx.Bool(utils.MainnetFlag.Name):
 		config = MainnetConfig
 	case ctx.Bool(utils.SepoliaFlag.Name):
 		config = SepoliaConfig
-	case ctx.Bool(utils.GoerliFlag.Name):
-		config = GoerliConfig
 	default:
 		if !customConfig {
 			config = MainnetConfig

beacon/engine/gen_ed.go

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ func (e ExecutableData) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		Withdrawals      []*types.Withdrawal     `json:"withdrawals"`
 		BlobGasUsed      *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"blobGasUsed"`
 		ExcessBlobGas    *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"excessBlobGas"`
+		Deposits         types.Deposits          `json:"depositRequests"`
+		ExecutionWitness *types.ExecutionWitness `json:"executionWitness,omitempty"`
 	}
 
 	var enc ExecutableData
@@ -61,6 +63,8 @@ func (e ExecutableData) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	enc.Withdrawals = e.Withdrawals
 	enc.BlobGasUsed = (*hexutil.Uint64)(e.BlobGasUsed)
 	enc.ExcessBlobGas = (*hexutil.Uint64)(e.ExcessBlobGas)
+	enc.Deposits = e.Deposits
+	enc.ExecutionWitness = e.ExecutionWitness
 	return json.Marshal(&enc)
 }
 
@@ -84,6 +88,8 @@ func (e *ExecutableData) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 		Withdrawals      []*types.Withdrawal     `json:"withdrawals"`
 		BlobGasUsed      *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"blobGasUsed"`
 		ExcessBlobGas    *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"excessBlobGas"`
+		Deposits         *types.Deposits         `json:"depositRequests"`
+		ExecutionWitness *types.ExecutionWitness `json:"executionWitness,omitempty"`
 	}
 
 	var dec ExecutableData
@@ -187,5 +193,11 @@ func (e *ExecutableData) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if dec.ExcessBlobGas != nil {
 		e.ExcessBlobGas = (*uint64)(dec.ExcessBlobGas)
 	}
+	if dec.Deposits != nil {
+		e.Deposits = *dec.Deposits
+	}
+	if dec.ExecutionWitness != nil {
+		e.ExecutionWitness = dec.ExecutionWitness
+	}
 	return nil
 }

beacon/engine/gen_epe.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ func (e ExecutionPayloadEnvelope) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		BlockValue       *hexutil.Big    `json:"blockValue"  gencodec:"required"`
 		BlobsBundle      *BlobsBundleV1  `json:"blobsBundle"`
 		Override         bool            `json:"shouldOverrideBuilder"`
+		Witness          *hexutil.Bytes  `json:"witness"`
 	}
 
 	var enc ExecutionPayloadEnvelope
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ func (e ExecutionPayloadEnvelope) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	enc.BlockValue = (*hexutil.Big)(e.BlockValue)
 	enc.BlobsBundle = e.BlobsBundle
 	enc.Override = e.Override
+	enc.Witness = e.Witness
 	return json.Marshal(&enc)
 }
 
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ func (e *ExecutionPayloadEnvelope) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 		BlockValue       *hexutil.Big    `json:"blockValue"  gencodec:"required"`
 		BlobsBundle      *BlobsBundleV1  `json:"blobsBundle"`
 		Override         *bool           `json:"shouldOverrideBuilder"`
+		Witness          *hexutil.Bytes  `json:"witness"`
 	}
 
 	var dec ExecutionPayloadEnvelope
@@ -60,5 +63,8 @@ func (e *ExecutionPayloadEnvelope) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if dec.Override != nil {
 		e.Override = *dec.Override
 	}
+	if dec.Witness != nil {
+		e.Witness = dec.Witness
+	}
 	return nil
 }

beacon/engine/types.go

@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ type ExecutableData struct {
 	Withdrawals      []*types.Withdrawal     `json:"withdrawals"`
 	BlobGasUsed      *uint64                 `json:"blobGasUsed"`
 	ExcessBlobGas    *uint64                 `json:"excessBlobGas"`
+	Deposits         types.Deposits          `json:"depositRequests"`
+	ExecutionWitness *types.ExecutionWitness `json:"executionWitness,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // JSON type overrides for executableData.
@@ -92,6 +94,14 @@ type executableDataMarshaling struct {
 	ExcessBlobGas *hexutil.Uint64
 }
 
+// StatelessPayloadStatusV1 is the result of a stateless payload execution.
+type StatelessPayloadStatusV1 struct {
+	Status          string      `json:"status"`
+	StateRoot       common.Hash `json:"stateRoot"`
+	ReceiptsRoot    common.Hash `json:"receiptsRoot"`
+	ValidationError *string     `json:"validationError"`
+}
+
 //go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type ExecutionPayloadEnvelope -field-override executionPayloadEnvelopeMarshaling -out gen_epe.go
 
 type ExecutionPayloadEnvelope struct {
@@ -99,6 +109,7 @@ type ExecutionPayloadEnvelope struct {
 	BlockValue       *big.Int        `json:"blockValue"  gencodec:"required"`
 	BlobsBundle      *BlobsBundleV1  `json:"blobsBundle"`
 	Override         bool            `json:"shouldOverrideBuilder"`
+	Witness          *hexutil.Bytes  `json:"witness"`
 }
 
 type BlobsBundleV1 struct {
@@ -114,6 +125,7 @@ type executionPayloadEnvelopeMarshaling struct {
 
 type PayloadStatusV1 struct {
 	Status          string         `json:"status"`
+	Witness         *hexutil.Bytes `json:"witness"`
 	LatestValidHash *common.Hash   `json:"latestValidHash"`
 	ValidationError *string        `json:"validationError"`
 }
@@ -201,6 +213,20 @@ func decodeTransactions(enc [][]byte) ([]*types.Transaction, error) {
 // Withdrawals value will propagate through the returned block. Empty
 // Withdrawals value must be passed via non-nil, length 0 value in data.
 func ExecutableDataToBlock(data ExecutableData, versionedHashes []common.Hash, beaconRoot *common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
+	block, err := ExecutableDataToBlockNoHash(data, versionedHashes, beaconRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if block.Hash() != data.BlockHash {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("blockhash mismatch, want %x, got %x", data.BlockHash, block.Hash())
+	}
+	return block, nil
+}
+
+// ExecutableDataToBlockNoHash is analogous to ExecutableDataToBlock, but is used
+// for stateless execution, so it skips checking if the executable data hashes to
+// the requested hash (stateless has to *compute* the root hash, it's not given).
+func ExecutableDataToBlockNoHash(data ExecutableData, versionedHashes []common.Hash, beaconRoot *common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
 	txs, err := decodeTransactions(data.Transactions)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -235,7 +261,19 @@ func ExecutableDataToBlock(data ExecutableData, versionedHashes []common.Hash, b
 		h := types.DeriveSha(types.Withdrawals(data.Withdrawals), trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
 		withdrawalsRoot = &h
 	}
-
+	// Compute requestsHash if any requests are non-nil.
+	var (
+		requestsHash *common.Hash
+		requests     types.Requests
+	)
+	if data.Deposits != nil {
+		requests = make(types.Requests, 0)
+		for _, d := range data.Deposits {
+			requests = append(requests, types.NewRequest(d))
+		}
+		h := types.DeriveSha(requests, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+		requestsHash = &h
+	}
 	header := &types.Header{
 		ParentHash:       data.ParentHash,
 		UncleHash:        types.EmptyUncleHash,
@@ -256,13 +294,12 @@ func ExecutableDataToBlock(data ExecutableData, versionedHashes []common.Hash, b
 		ExcessBlobGas:    data.ExcessBlobGas,
 		BlobGasUsed:      data.BlobGasUsed,
 		ParentBeaconRoot: beaconRoot,
+		RequestsHash:     requestsHash,
 	}
-	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header).WithBody(types.Body{Transactions: txs, Uncles: nil, Withdrawals: data.Withdrawals})
+	return types.NewBlockWithHeader(header).
-	if block.Hash() != data.BlockHash {
+			WithBody(types.Body{Transactions: txs, Uncles: nil, Withdrawals: data.Withdrawals, Requests: requests}).
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("blockhash mismatch, want %x, got %x", data.BlockHash, block.Hash())
+			WithWitness(data.ExecutionWitness),
-	}
+		nil
-
-	return block, nil
 }
 
 // BlockToExecutableData constructs the ExecutableData structure by filling the
@@ -286,6 +323,7 @@ func BlockToExecutableData(block *types.Block, fees *big.Int, sidecars []*types.
 		Withdrawals:      block.Withdrawals(),
 		BlobGasUsed:      block.BlobGasUsed(),
 		ExcessBlobGas:    block.ExcessBlobGas(),
+		ExecutionWitness: block.ExecutionWitness(),
 	}
 	bundle := BlobsBundleV1{
 		Commitments: make([]hexutil.Bytes, 0),
@@ -299,13 +337,30 @@ func BlockToExecutableData(block *types.Block, fees *big.Int, sidecars []*types.
 			bundle.Proofs = append(bundle.Proofs, hexutil.Bytes(sidecar.Proofs[j][:]))
 		}
 	}
+	setRequests(block.Requests(), data)
 	return &ExecutionPayloadEnvelope{ExecutionPayload: data, BlockValue: fees, BlobsBundle: &bundle, Override: false}
 }
 
-// ExecutionPayloadBodyV1 is used in the response to GetPayloadBodiesByHashV1 and GetPayloadBodiesByRangeV1
+// setRequests differentiates the different request types and
-type ExecutionPayloadBodyV1 struct {
+// assigns them to the associated fields in ExecutableData.
+func setRequests(requests types.Requests, data *ExecutableData) {
+	if requests != nil {
+		// If requests is non-nil, it means deposits are available in block and we
+		// should return an empty slice instead of nil if there are no deposits.
+		data.Deposits = make(types.Deposits, 0)
+	}
+	for _, r := range requests {
+		if d, ok := r.Inner().(*types.Deposit); ok {
+			data.Deposits = append(data.Deposits, d)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ExecutionPayloadBody is used in the response to GetPayloadBodiesByHash and GetPayloadBodiesByRange
+type ExecutionPayloadBody struct {
 	TransactionData []hexutil.Bytes     `json:"transactions"`
 	Withdrawals     []*types.Withdrawal `json:"withdrawals"`
+	Deposits        types.Deposits      `json:"depositRequests"`
 }
 
 // Client identifiers to support ClientVersionV1.

beacon/light/api/light_api.go

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -120,8 +122,12 @@ func NewBeaconLightApi(url string, customHeaders map[string]string) *BeaconLight
 	}
 }
 
-func (api *BeaconLightApi) httpGet(path string) ([]byte, error) {
+func (api *BeaconLightApi) httpGet(path string, params url.Values) ([]byte, error) {
-	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", api.url+path, nil)
+	uri, err := api.buildURL(path, params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", uri, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -145,17 +151,16 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) httpGet(path string) ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (api *BeaconLightApi) httpGetf(format string, params ...any) ([]byte, error) {
-	return api.httpGet(fmt.Sprintf(format, params...))
-}
-
 // GetBestUpdatesAndCommittees fetches and validates LightClientUpdate for given
 // period and full serialized committee for the next period (committee root hash
 // equals update.NextSyncCommitteeRoot).
 // Note that the results are validated but the update signature should be verified
 // by the caller as its validity depends on the update chain.
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetBestUpdatesAndCommittees(firstPeriod, count uint64) ([]*types.LightClientUpdate, []*types.SerializedSyncCommittee, error) {
-	resp, err := api.httpGetf("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/updates?start_period=%d&count=%d", firstPeriod, count)
+	resp, err := api.httpGet("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/updates", map[string][]string{
+		"start_period": {strconv.FormatUint(firstPeriod, 10)},
+		"count":        {strconv.FormatUint(count, 10)},
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
@@ -192,7 +197,7 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetBestUpdatesAndCommittees(firstPeriod, count uint64
 // See data structure definition here:
 // https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#lightclientoptimisticupdate
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetOptimisticUpdate() (types.OptimisticUpdate, error) {
-	resp, err := api.httpGet("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/optimistic_update")
+	resp, err := api.httpGet("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/optimistic_update", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.OptimisticUpdate{}, err
 	}
@@ -245,7 +250,7 @@ func decodeOptimisticUpdate(enc []byte) (types.OptimisticUpdate, error) {
 // See data structure definition here:
 // https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/dev/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#lightclientfinalityupdate
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetFinalityUpdate() (types.FinalityUpdate, error) {
-	resp, err := api.httpGet("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/finality_update")
+	resp, err := api.httpGet("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/finality_update", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.FinalityUpdate{}, err
 	}
@@ -311,7 +316,7 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetHeader(blockRoot common.Hash) (types.Header, bool,
 	} else {
 		blockId = blockRoot.Hex()
 	}
-	resp, err := api.httpGetf("/eth/v1/beacon/headers/%s", blockId)
+	resp, err := api.httpGet(fmt.Sprintf("/eth/v1/beacon/headers/%s", blockId), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.Header{}, false, false, err
 	}
@@ -342,7 +347,7 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetHeader(blockRoot common.Hash) (types.Header, bool,
 
 // GetCheckpointData fetches and validates bootstrap data belonging to the given checkpoint.
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetCheckpointData(checkpointHash common.Hash) (*types.BootstrapData, error) {
-	resp, err := api.httpGetf("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/bootstrap/0x%x", checkpointHash[:])
+	resp, err := api.httpGet(fmt.Sprintf("/eth/v1/beacon/light_client/bootstrap/0x%x", checkpointHash[:]), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -384,7 +389,7 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetCheckpointData(checkpointHash common.Hash) (*types
 }
 
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) GetBeaconBlock(blockRoot common.Hash) (*types.BeaconBlock, error) {
-	resp, err := api.httpGetf("/eth/v2/beacon/blocks/0x%x", blockRoot)
+	resp, err := api.httpGet(fmt.Sprintf("/eth/v2/beacon/blocks/0x%x", blockRoot), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -545,9 +550,13 @@ func (api *BeaconLightApi) StartHeadListener(listener HeadEventListener) func()
 // established. It can only return nil when the context is canceled.
 func (api *BeaconLightApi) startEventStream(ctx context.Context, listener *HeadEventListener) *eventsource.Stream {
 	for retry := true; retry; retry = ctxSleep(ctx, 5*time.Second) {
-		path := "/eth/v1/events?topics=head&topics=light_client_finality_update&topics=light_client_optimistic_update"
 		log.Trace("Sending event subscription request")
-		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", api.url+path, nil)
+		uri, err := api.buildURL("/eth/v1/events", map[string][]string{"topics": {"head", "light_client_finality_update", "light_client_optimistic_update"}})
+		if err != nil {
+			listener.OnError(fmt.Errorf("error creating event subscription URL: %v", err))
+			continue
+		}
+		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", uri, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			listener.OnError(fmt.Errorf("error creating event subscription request: %v", err))
 			continue
@@ -576,3 +585,15 @@ func ctxSleep(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration) (ok bool) {
 		return false
 	}
 }
+
+func (api *BeaconLightApi) buildURL(path string, params url.Values) (string, error) {
+	uri, err := url.Parse(api.url)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	uri = uri.JoinPath(path)
+	if params != nil {
+		uri.RawQuery = params.Encode()
+	}
+	return uri.String(), nil
+}

beacon/light/request/scheduler.go

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ func (s *Scheduler) addEvent(event Event) {
 	s.Trigger()
 }
 
-// filterEvent sorts each Event either as a request event or a server event,
+// filterEvents sorts each Event either as a request event or a server event,
 // depending on its type. Request events are also sorted in a map based on the
 // module that originally initiated the request. It also ensures that no events
 // related to a server are returned before EvRegistered or after EvUnregistered.

beacon/light/sync/update_sync_test.go

@@ -201,6 +201,34 @@ func TestUpdateSyncDifferentHeads(t *testing.T) {
 	chain.ExpNextSyncPeriod(t, 17)
 }
 
+func TestRangeLock(t *testing.T) {
+	r := make(rangeLock)
+
+	// Lock from 0 to 99.
+	r.lock(0, 100, 1)
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		if v, ok := r[uint64(i)]; v <= 0 || !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("integer space: %d not locked", i)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Unlock from 0 to 99.
+	r.lock(0, 100, -1)
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		if v, ok := r[uint64(i)]; v > 0 || ok {
+			t.Fatalf("integer space: %d is locked", i)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Lock from 0 to 99 then unlock from 10 to 59.
+	r.lock(0, 100, 1)
+	r.lock(10, 50, -1)
+	first, count := r.firstUnlocked(0, 100)
+	if first != 10 || count != 50 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected first: %d or count: %d", first, count)
+	}
+}
+
 func testRespUpdate(request requestWithID) request.Response {
 	var resp RespUpdates
 	if request.request == nil {

build/checksums.txt

@@ -5,55 +5,56 @@
 # https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/v2.1.0/
 ca89c76851b0900bfcc3cbb9a26cbece1f3d7c64a3bed38723e914713290df6c  fixtures_develop.tar.gz
 
-# version:golang 1.22.6
+# version:golang 1.23.1
 # https://go.dev/dl/
-9e48d99d519882579917d8189c17e98c373ce25abaebb98772e2927088992a51  go1.22.6.src.tar.gz
+6ee44e298379d146a5e5aa6b1c5b5d5f5d0a3365eabdd70741e6e21340ec3b0d  go1.23.1.src.tar.gz
-eeb0cc42120cbae6d3695dae2e5420fa0e93a5db957db139b55efdb879dd9856  go1.22.6.aix-ppc64.tar.gz
+f17f2791717c15728ec63213a014e244c35f9c8846fb29f5a1b63d0c0556f756  go1.23.1.aix-ppc64.tar.gz
-b47ac340f0b072943fed1f558a26eb260cc23bd21b8af175582e9103141d465b  go1.22.6.darwin-amd64.pkg
+dd9e772686ed908bcff94b6144322d4e2473a7dcd7c696b7e8b6d12f23c887fd  go1.23.1.darwin-amd64.pkg
-9c3c0124b01b5365f73a1489649f78f971ecf84844ad9ca58fde133096ddb61b  go1.22.6.darwin-amd64.tar.gz
+488d9e4ca3e3ed513ee4edd91bef3a2360c65fa6d6be59cf79640bf840130a58  go1.23.1.darwin-amd64.tar.gz
-14d0355ec1c0eeb213a16efa8635fac1f16067ef78a8173abf9a8c7b805e551e  go1.22.6.darwin-arm64.pkg
+be34b488157ec69d94e26e1554558219a2c90789bcb7e3686965a7f9c8cfcbe7  go1.23.1.darwin-arm64.pkg
-ebac39fd44fc22feed1bb519af431c84c55776e39b30f4fd62930da9c0cfd1e3  go1.22.6.darwin-arm64.tar.gz
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-01547606c5b5c1b0e5587b3afd65172860d2f4755e523785832905759ecce2d7  go1.22.6.linux-mips64le.tar.gz
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-2cd771416ae03c11240cfdb551d66ab9a941077664f3727b966f94386c23b0fa  go1.22.6.linux-mipsle.tar.gz
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-6ef61d517777925e6bdb0321ea42d5f60acc20c1314dd902b9d0bfa3a5fd4fca  go1.22.6.linux-ppc64.tar.gz
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-9d99fce3f6f72a76630fe91ec0884dfe3db828def4713368424900fa98bb2bd6  go1.22.6.linux-ppc64le.tar.gz
+042888cae54b5fbfd9dd1e3b6bc4a5134879777fe6497fc4c62ec394b5ecf2da  go1.23.1.linux-ppc64le.tar.gz
-30be9c9b9cc4f044d4da9a33ee601ab7b3aff4246107d323a79e08888710754e  go1.22.6.linux-riscv64.tar.gz
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-82f3bae3ddb4ede45b848db48c5486fadb58551e74507bda45484257e7194a95  go1.22.6.linux-s390x.tar.gz
+47dc49ad45c45e192efa0df7dc7bc5403f5f2d15b5d0dc74ef3018154b616f4d  go1.23.1.linux-s390x.tar.gz
-85b2eb9d40a930bd3e75d0096a6eb5847aac86c5085e6d13a5845e9ef03f8d4b  go1.22.6.netbsd-386.tar.gz
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-43a7e2ba22da700b844f7561e3dd5434540ed6c9781be2e9c42e8a8cbf558f8e  go1.22.6.netbsd-arm64.tar.gz
+b3b35d64f32821a68b3e2994032dbefb81978f2ec3f218c7a770623b82d36b8e  go1.23.1.netbsd-arm64.tar.gz
-a90b758ccb45d8a17af8e140fafa1e97607de5a7ecd53a4c55f69258bfb043d0  go1.22.6.openbsd-386.tar.gz
+3c775c4c16c182e33c2c4ac090d9a247a93b3fb18a3df01d87d490f29599faff  go1.23.1.openbsd-386.tar.gz
-cc13436c4a644e55bedcea65981eb80ca8317b39b129f5563ab3b6da1391bd47  go1.22.6.openbsd-amd64.tar.gz
+5edbe53b47c57b32707fd7154536fbe9eaa79053fea01650c93b54cdba13fc0f  go1.23.1.openbsd-amd64.tar.gz
-aee34f61ba2b0a8f2618f5c7065e20da7714ce7651680509eda30728fe01ee88  go1.22.6.openbsd-arm.tar.gz
+c30903dd8fa98b8aca8e9db0962ce9f55502aed93e0ef41e5ae148aaa0088de1  go1.23.1.openbsd-arm.tar.gz
-c67d57daf8baada93c69c8fb02401270cd33159730b1f2d70d9e724ba1a918cf  go1.22.6.openbsd-arm64.tar.gz
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-03e1f96002e94a6b381bcf66a0a62b9d5f63148682a780d727840ad540185c7c  go1.22.6.openbsd-ppc64.tar.gz
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-0ac2b5bbe2c8a293d284512630e629bf0578aaa7b7b1f39ac4ee182c7924aaad  go1.22.6.plan9-386.tar.gz
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-f9afdab8a72a8d874f023f5605482cc94160843ac768dbd840e6f772d16578c7  go1.22.6.plan9-amd64.tar.gz
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-4b9f01a47e6a29d57cbb3097b6770583336cef9c8f0d51d3d1451e42a851002e  go1.22.6.plan9-arm.tar.gz
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-46c2552ac7b8d6314a52e14e0a0761aaeebdd6aba5f531de386f4cf2b66ec723  go1.22.6.solaris-amd64.tar.gz
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-a57821dab76af1ef7a6b62db1628f0caa74343e0c7cb829df9ce8ea0713a3e8e  go1.22.6.windows-386.msi
+f54205f21e2143f2ada1bf1c00ddf64590f5139d5c3fb77cc06175f0d8cc7567  go1.23.1.solaris-amd64.tar.gz
-eb734bacc9aabca1273b61dd392bb84a9bb33783f5e2fff2cd6ab9885bbefbe6  go1.22.6.windows-386.zip
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-1238a3e6892eb8a0eb3fe0640e18ab82ca21cc1a933f16897b2ad081f057b5da  go1.22.6.windows-amd64.msi
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-6023083a6e4d3199b44c37e9ba7b25d9674da20fd846a35ee5f9589d81c21a6a  go1.22.6.windows-amd64.zip
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-6791218c568a3d000cb36317506541d7fd67e7cfe613baaf361ca36cad5e2cd5  go1.22.6.windows-arm.msi
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-ee41ca83bb07c4fd46a1d6b2d083519bb8ca156fcd9db37ee711234d43126e2f  go1.22.6.windows-arm.zip
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-91c6b3376612095315a0aeae4b03e3da34fabe9dfd4532d023e2a70f913cf22a  go1.22.6.windows-arm64.msi
+1a57615a09f13534f88e9f2d7efd5743535d1a5719b19e520eef965a634f8efb  go1.23.1.windows-arm.zip
-7cf55f357ba8116cd3bff992980e20a704ba451b3dab341cf1787b133d900512  go1.22.6.windows-arm64.zip
+313e1a543931ad8735b4df8969e00f5f4c2ef07be21f54015ede961a70263d35  go1.23.1.windows-arm64.msi
+64ad0954d2c33f556fb1018d62de091254aa6e3a94f1c8a8b16af0d3701d194e  go1.23.1.windows-arm64.zip
 
 # version:golangci 1.59.0
 # https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/releases/

build/ci.go

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -127,8 +126,6 @@ var (
 		"focal",  // 20.04, EOL: 04/2030
 		"jammy",  // 22.04, EOL: 04/2032
 		"noble",  // 24.04, EOL: 04/2034
-
-		"mantic", // 23.10, EOL: 07/2024
 	}
 
 	// This is where the tests should be unpacked.
@@ -162,8 +159,8 @@ func main() {
 		doLint(os.Args[2:])
 	case "archive":
 		doArchive(os.Args[2:])
-	case "docker":
+	case "dockerx":
-		doDocker(os.Args[2:])
+		doDockerBuildx(os.Args[2:])
 	case "debsrc":
 		doDebianSource(os.Args[2:])
 	case "nsis":
@@ -240,6 +237,10 @@ func doInstall(cmdline []string) {
 // buildFlags returns the go tool flags for building.
 func buildFlags(env build.Environment, staticLinking bool, buildTags []string) (flags []string) {
 	var ld []string
+	// See https://github.com/golang/go/issues/33772#issuecomment-528176001
+	// We need to set --buildid to the linker here, and also pass --build-id to the
+	// cgo-linker further down.
+	ld = append(ld, "--buildid=none")
 	if env.Commit != "" {
 		ld = append(ld, "-X", "github.com/maticnetwork/bor/internal/version.gitCommit="+env.Commit)
 		ld = append(ld, "-X", "github.com/maticnetwork/bor/internal/version.gitDate="+env.Date)
@@ -252,7 +253,11 @@ func buildFlags(env build.Environment, staticLinking bool, buildTags []string) (
 	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
 		// Enforce the stacksize to 8M, which is the case on most platforms apart from
 		// alpine Linux.
-		extld := []string{"-Wl,-z,stack-size=0x800000"}
+		// See https://sourceware.org/binutils/docs-2.23.1/ld/Options.html#Options
+		// regarding the options --build-id=none and --strip-all. It is needed for
+		// reproducible builds; removing references to temporary files in C-land, and
+		// making build-id reproducably absent.
+		extld := []string{"-Wl,-z,stack-size=0x800000,--build-id=none,--strip-all"}
 		if staticLinking {
 			extld = append(extld, "-static")
 			// Under static linking, use of certain glibc features must be
@@ -299,7 +304,7 @@ func doTest(cmdline []string) {
 	gotest := tc.Go("test")
 
 	// CI needs a bit more time for the statetests (default 10m).
-	gotest.Args = append(gotest.Args, "-timeout=20m")
+	gotest.Args = append(gotest.Args, "-timeout=30m")
 
 	// Enable CKZG backend in CI.
 	gotest.Args = append(gotest.Args, "-tags=ckzg")
@@ -350,10 +355,10 @@ func downloadSpecTestFixtures(csdb *build.ChecksumDB, cachedir string) string {
 	return filepath.Join(cachedir, base)
 }
 
-// hashSourceFiles iterates all files under the top-level project directory
+// hashAllSourceFiles iterates all files under the top-level project directory
 // computing the hash of each file (excluding files within the tests
 // subrepo)
-func hashSourceFiles() (map[string]common.Hash, error) {
+func hashAllSourceFiles() (map[string]common.Hash, error) {
 	res := make(map[string]common.Hash)
 	err := filepath.WalkDir(".", func(path string, d os.DirEntry, err error) error {
 		if strings.HasPrefix(path, filepath.FromSlash("tests/testdata")) {
@@ -380,6 +385,56 @@ func hashSourceFiles() (map[string]common.Hash, error) {
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// hashSourceFiles iterates the provided set of filepaths (relative to the top-level geth project directory)
+// computing the hash of each file.
+func hashSourceFiles(files []string) (map[string]common.Hash, error) {
+	res := make(map[string]common.Hash)
+	for _, filePath := range files {
+		f, err := os.OpenFile(filePath, os.O_RDONLY, 0666)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		hasher := sha256.New()
+		if _, err := io.Copy(hasher, f); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		res[filePath] = common.Hash(hasher.Sum(nil))
+	}
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+// compareHashedFilesets compares two maps (key is relative file path to top-level geth directory, value is its hash)
+// and returns the list of file paths whose hashes differed.
+func compareHashedFilesets(preHashes map[string]common.Hash, postHashes map[string]common.Hash) []string {
+	updates := []string{}
+	for path, postHash := range postHashes {
+		preHash, ok := preHashes[path]
+		if !ok || preHash != postHash {
+			updates = append(updates, path)
+		}
+	}
+	return updates
+}
+
+func doGoModTidy() {
+	targetFiles := []string{"go.mod", "go.sum"}
+	preHashes, err := hashSourceFiles(targetFiles)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("failed to hash go.mod/go.sum", "err", err)
+	}
+	tc := new(build.GoToolchain)
+	c := tc.Go("mod", "tidy")
+	build.MustRun(c)
+	postHashes, err := hashSourceFiles(targetFiles)
+	updates := compareHashedFilesets(preHashes, postHashes)
+	for _, updatedFile := range updates {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "changed file %s\n", updatedFile)
+	}
+	if len(updates) != 0 {
+		log.Fatal("go.sum and/or go.mod were updated by running 'go mod tidy'")
+	}
+}
+
 // doGenerate ensures that re-generating generated files does not cause
 // any mutations in the source file tree:  i.e. all generated files were
 // updated and committed.  Any stale generated files are updated.
@@ -396,7 +451,7 @@ func doGenerate() {
 	var preHashes map[string]common.Hash
 	if *verify {
 		var err error
-		preHashes, err = hashSourceFiles()
+		preHashes, err = hashAllSourceFiles()
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatal("failed to compute map of source hashes", "err", err)
 		}
@@ -411,17 +466,11 @@ func doGenerate() {
 		return
 	}
 	// Check if files were changed.
-	postHashes, err := hashSourceFiles()
+	postHashes, err := hashAllSourceFiles()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal("error computing source tree file hashes", "err", err)
 	}
-	updates := []string{}
+	updates := compareHashedFilesets(preHashes, postHashes)
-	for path, postHash := range postHashes {
-		preHash, ok := preHashes[path]
-		if !ok || preHash != postHash {
-			updates = append(updates, path)
-		}
-	}
 	for _, updatedFile := range updates {
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "changed file %s\n", updatedFile)
 	}
@@ -444,6 +493,8 @@ func doLint(cmdline []string) {
 	linter := downloadLinter(*cachedir)
 	lflags := []string{"run", "--config", ".golangci.yml"}
 	build.MustRunCommandWithOutput(linter, append(lflags, packages...)...)
+
+	doGoModTidy()
 	fmt.Println("You have achieved perfection.")
 }
 
@@ -672,10 +723,9 @@ func maybeSkipArchive(env build.Environment) {
 }
 
 // Builds the docker images and optionally uploads them to Docker Hub.
-func doDocker(cmdline []string) {
+func doDockerBuildx(cmdline []string) {
 	var (
-		image    = flag.Bool("image", false, `Whether to build and push an arch specific docker image`)
+		platform = flag.String("platform", "", `Push a multi-arch docker image for the specified architectures (usually "linux/amd64,linux/arm64")`)
-		manifest = flag.String("manifest", "", `Push a multi-arch docker image for the specified architectures (usually "amd64,arm64")`)
 		upload   = flag.String("upload", "", `Where to upload the docker image (usually "ethereum/client-go")`)
 	)
 	flag.CommandLine.Parse(cmdline)
@@ -714,129 +764,26 @@ func doDocker(cmdline []string) {
 	case strings.Contains(env.Tag, "fh"):
 		tags = []string{"stable-fh" + tracers.FirehoseProtocolVersion, "v" + params.Version + "-fh" + tracers.FirehoseProtocolVersion}
 	}
-	// If architecture specific image builds are requested, build and push them
+	// Need to create a mult-arch builder
-	if *image {
+	build.MustRunCommand("docker", "buildx", "create", "--use", "--name", "multi-arch-builder", "--platform", *platform)
-		build.MustRunCommand("docker", "build", "--build-arg", "COMMIT="+env.Commit, "--build-arg", "VERSION="+params.VersionWithMeta, "--build-arg", "BUILDNUM="+env.Buildnum, "--tag", fmt.Sprintf("%s:TAG", *upload), ".")
-		build.MustRunCommand("docker", "build", "--build-arg", "COMMIT="+env.Commit, "--build-arg", "VERSION="+params.VersionWithMeta, "--build-arg", "BUILDNUM="+env.Buildnum, "--tag", fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-TAG", *upload), "-f", "Dockerfile.alltools", ".")
 
-		// Tag and upload the images to Docker Hub
+	for _, spec := range []struct {
-		for _, tag := range tags {
+		file string
-			gethImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s-%s", *upload, tag, runtime.GOARCH)
+		base string
-			toolImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-%s-%s", *upload, tag, runtime.GOARCH)
+	}{
-
+		{file: "Dockerfile", base: fmt.Sprintf("%s:", *upload)},
-			// If the image already exists (non version tag), check the build
+		{file: "Dockerfile.alltools", base: fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-", *upload)},
-			// number to prevent overwriting a newer commit if concurrent builds
+	} {
-			// are running. This is still a tiny bit racey if two published are
+		for _, tag := range tags { // latest, stable etc
-			// done at the same time, but that's extremely unlikely even on the
+			gethImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", spec.base, tag)
-			// master branch.
+			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "buildx", "build",
-			for _, img := range []string{gethImage, toolImage} {
+				"--build-arg", "COMMIT="+env.Commit,
-				if exec.Command("docker", "pull", img).Run() != nil {
+				"--build-arg", "VERSION="+params.VersionWithMeta,
-					continue // Generally the only failure is a missing image, which is good
+				"--build-arg", "BUILDNUM="+env.Buildnum,
-				}
+				"--tag", gethImage,
-				buildnum, err := exec.Command("docker", "inspect", "--format", "{{index .Config.Labels \"buildnum\"}}", img).CombinedOutput()
+				"--platform", *platform,
-				if err != nil {
+				"--push",
-					log.Fatalf("Failed to inspect container: %v\nOutput: %s", err, string(buildnum))
+				"--file", spec.file, ".")
-				}
-				buildnum = bytes.TrimSpace(buildnum)
-
-				if len(buildnum) > 0 && len(env.Buildnum) > 0 {
-					oldnum, err := strconv.Atoi(string(buildnum))
-					if err != nil {
-						log.Fatalf("Failed to parse old image build number: %v", err)
-					}
-					newnum, err := strconv.Atoi(env.Buildnum)
-					if err != nil {
-						log.Fatalf("Failed to parse current build number: %v", err)
-					}
-					if oldnum > newnum {
-						log.Fatalf("Current build number %d not newer than existing %d", newnum, oldnum)
-					} else {
-						log.Printf("Updating %s from build %d to %d", img, oldnum, newnum)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "image", "tag", fmt.Sprintf("%s:TAG", *upload), gethImage)
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "image", "tag", fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-TAG", *upload), toolImage)
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "push", gethImage)
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "push", toolImage)
-		}
-	}
-	// If multi-arch image manifest push is requested, assemble it
-	if len(*manifest) != 0 {
-		// Since different architectures are pushed by different builders, wait
-		// until all required images are updated.
-		var mismatch bool
-		for i := 0; i < 2; i++ { // 2 attempts, second is race check
-			mismatch = false // hope there's no mismatch now
-
-			for _, tag := range tags {
-				for _, arch := range strings.Split(*manifest, ",") {
-					gethImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s-%s", *upload, tag, arch)
-					toolImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-%s-%s", *upload, tag, arch)
-
-					for _, img := range []string{gethImage, toolImage} {
-						if out, err := exec.Command("docker", "pull", img).CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
-							log.Printf("Required image %s unavailable: %v\nOutput: %s", img, err, out)
-							mismatch = true
-							break
-						}
-						buildnum, err := exec.Command("docker", "inspect", "--format", "{{index .Config.Labels \"buildnum\"}}", img).CombinedOutput()
-						if err != nil {
-							log.Fatalf("Failed to inspect container: %v\nOutput: %s", err, string(buildnum))
-						}
-						buildnum = bytes.TrimSpace(buildnum)
-
-						if string(buildnum) != env.Buildnum {
-							log.Printf("Build number mismatch on %s: want %s, have %s", img, env.Buildnum, buildnum)
-							mismatch = true
-							break
-						}
-					}
-					if mismatch {
-						break
-					}
-				}
-				if mismatch {
-					break
-				}
-			}
-			if mismatch {
-				// Build numbers mismatching, retry in a short time to
-				// avoid concurrent fails in both publisher images. If
-				// however the retry failed too, it means the concurrent
-				// builder is still crunching, let that do the publish.
-				if i == 0 {
-					time.Sleep(30 * time.Second)
-				}
-				continue
-			}
-			break
-		}
-		if mismatch {
-			log.Println("Relinquishing publish to other builder")
-			return
-		}
-		// Assemble and push the Geth manifest image
-		for _, tag := range tags {
-			gethImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", *upload, tag)
-
-			var gethSubImages []string
-			for _, arch := range strings.Split(*manifest, ",") {
-				gethSubImages = append(gethSubImages, gethImage+"-"+arch)
-			}
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", append([]string{"manifest", "create", gethImage}, gethSubImages...)...)
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "manifest", "push", gethImage)
-		}
-		// Assemble and push the alltools manifest image
-		for _, tag := range tags {
-			toolImage := fmt.Sprintf("%s:alltools-%s", *upload, tag)
-
-			var toolSubImages []string
-			for _, arch := range strings.Split(*manifest, ",") {
-				toolSubImages = append(toolSubImages, toolImage+"-"+arch)
-			}
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", append([]string{"manifest", "create", toolImage}, toolSubImages...)...)
-			build.MustRunCommand("docker", "manifest", "push", toolImage)
 		}
 	}
 }

builder/files/config.toml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ syncmode = "full"
   # nodekeyhex = ""
   [p2p.discovery]
     # v4disc = true
-    # v5disc = false
+    # v5disc = true
     bootnodes = ["enode://b8f1cc9c5d4403703fbf377116469667d2b1823c0daf16b7250aa576bacf399e42c3930ccfcb02c5df6879565a2b8931335565f0e8d3f8e72385ecf4a4bf160a@3.36.224.80:30303", "enode://8729e0c825f3d9cad382555f3e46dcff21af323e89025a0e6312df541f4a9e73abfa562d64906f5e59c51fe6f0501b3e61b07979606c56329c020ed739910759@54.194.245.5:30303"]
     # Uncomment below `bootnodes` field for Amoy
     # bootnodes = ["enode://bce861be777e91b0a5a49d58a51e14f32f201b4c6c2d1fbea6c7a1f14756cbb3f931f3188d6b65de8b07b53ff28d03b6e366d09e56360d2124a9fc5a15a0913d@54.217.171.196:30303", "enode://4a3dc0081a346d26a73d79dd88216a9402d2292318e2db9947dbc97ea9c4afb2498dc519c0af04420dc13a238c279062da0320181e7c1461216ce4513bfd40bf@13.251.184.185:30303"]

cmd/blsync/main.go

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ func main() {
 		//TODO datadir for optional permanent database
 		utils.MainnetFlag,
 		utils.SepoliaFlag,
-		utils.GoerliFlag,
 		utils.BlsyncApiFlag,
 		utils.BlsyncJWTSecretFlag,
 	},

cmd/clef/README.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ GLOBAL OPTIONS:
    --loglevel value        log level to emit to the screen (default: 4)
    --keystore value        Directory for the keystore (default: "$HOME/.ethereum/keystore")
    --configdir value       Directory for Clef configuration (default: "$HOME/.clef")
-   --chainid value         Chain id to use for signing (1=mainnet, 5=Goerli) (default: 1)
+   --chainid value         Chain id to use for signing (1=mainnet, 17000=Holesky) (default: 1)
    --lightkdf              Reduce key-derivation RAM & CPU usage at some expense of KDF strength
    --nousb                 Disables monitoring for and managing USB hardware wallets
    --pcscdpath value       Path to the smartcard daemon (pcscd) socket file (default: "/run/pcscd/pcscd.comm")

cmd/clef/main.go

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ var (
 	chainIdFlag = &cli.Int64Flag{
 		Name:  "chainid",
 		Value: params.MainnetChainConfig.ChainID.Int64(),
-		Usage: "Chain id to use for signing (1=mainnet, 5=Goerli)",
+		Usage: "Chain id to use for signing (1=mainnet, 17000=Holesky)",
 	}
 	rpcPortFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "http.port",

cmd/clef/run_test.go

@@ -61,14 +61,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 func runClef(t *testing.T, args ...string) *testproc {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	ddir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "cleftest-*")
+	ddir := t.TempDir()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		os.RemoveAll(ddir)
-	})
 
 	return runWithKeystore(t, ddir, args...)
 }

cmd/cli/main.go

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"os"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 )
 
 func main() {
+	params.UpdateBorInfo()
 	os.Exit(cli.Run(os.Args[1:]))
 }

cmd/devp2p/README.md

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ set to standard output. The following filters are supported:
 - `-limit <N>` limits the output set to N entries, taking the top N nodes by score
 - `-ip <CIDR>` filters nodes by IP subnet
 - `-min-age <duration>` filters nodes by 'first seen' time
-- `-eth-network <mainnet/goerli/sepolia/holesky>` filters nodes by "eth" ENR entry
+- `-eth-network <mainnet/sepolia/holesky>` filters nodes by "eth" ENR entry
 - `-les-server` filters nodes by LES server support
 - `-snap` filters nodes by snap protocol support
 

cmd/devp2p/dns_cloudflare.go

@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ func (c *cloudflareClient) checkZone(name string) error {
 	if !strings.HasSuffix(name, "."+zone.Name) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("CloudFlare zone name %q does not match name %q to be deployed", zone.Name, name)
 	}
-
+	// Necessary permissions for Cloudlare management - Zone:Read, DNS:Read, Zone:Edit, DNS:Edit
-	needPerms := map[string]bool{"#zone:edit": false, "#zone:read": false}
+	needPerms := map[string]bool{"#zone:edit": false, "#zone:read": false, "#dns_records:read": false, "#dns_records:edit": false}
 	for _, perm := range zone.Permissions {
 		if _, ok := needPerms[perm]; ok {
 			needPerms[perm] = true

cmd/devp2p/nodesetcmd.go

@@ -259,8 +259,6 @@ func ethFilter(args []string) (nodeFilter, error) {
 	switch args[0] {
 	case "mainnet":
 		filter = forkid.NewStaticFilter(params.MainnetChainConfig, core.DefaultGenesisBlock().ToBlock())
-	case "goerli":
-		filter = forkid.NewStaticFilter(params.GoerliChainConfig, core.DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock().ToBlock())
 	case "sepolia":
 		filter = forkid.NewStaticFilter(params.SepoliaChainConfig, core.DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock().ToBlock())
 	case "bor-mumbai":

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go

@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ type ExecutionResult struct {
 	WithdrawalsRoot      *common.Hash          `json:"withdrawalsRoot,omitempty"`
 	CurrentExcessBlobGas *math.HexOrDecimal64  `json:"currentExcessBlobGas,omitempty"`
 	CurrentBlobGasUsed   *math.HexOrDecimal64  `json:"blobGasUsed,omitempty"`
+	RequestsHash         *common.Hash          `json:"requestsRoot,omitempty"`
+	DepositRequests      *types.Deposits       `json:"depositRequests,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type ommer struct {
@@ -201,7 +203,14 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 		evm := vm.NewEVM(vmContext, vm.TxContext{}, statedb, chainConfig, vmConfig)
 		core.ProcessBeaconBlockRoot(*beaconRoot, evm, statedb)
 	}
-
+	if pre.Env.BlockHashes != nil && chainConfig.IsPrague(new(big.Int).SetUint64(pre.Env.Number)) {
+		var (
+			prevNumber = pre.Env.Number - 1
+			prevHash   = pre.Env.BlockHashes[math.HexOrDecimal64(prevNumber)]
+			evm        = vm.NewEVM(vmContext, vm.TxContext{}, statedb, chainConfig, vmConfig)
+		)
+		core.ProcessParentBlockHash(prevHash, evm, statedb)
+	}
 	for i := 0; txIt.Next(); i++ {
 		tx, err := txIt.Tx()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -385,9 +394,31 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 		execRs.CurrentExcessBlobGas = (*math.HexOrDecimal64)(&excessBlobGas)
 		execRs.CurrentBlobGasUsed = (*math.HexOrDecimal64)(&blobGasUsed)
 	}
+	if chainConfig.IsPrague(vmContext.BlockNumber) && chainConfig.Bor == nil {
+		// Parse the requests from the logs
+		var allLogs []*types.Log
+		for _, receipt := range receipts {
+			allLogs = append(allLogs, receipt.Logs...)
+		}
+		requests, err := core.ParseDepositLogs(allLogs, chainConfig)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, nil, NewError(ErrorEVM, fmt.Errorf("could not parse requests logs: %v", err))
+		}
+		// Calculate the requests root
+		h := types.DeriveSha(requests, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+		execRs.RequestsHash = &h
+		// Get the deposits from the requests
+		deposits := make(types.Deposits, 0)
+		for _, req := range requests {
+			if dep, ok := req.Inner().(*types.Deposit); ok {
+				deposits = append(deposits, dep)
+			}
+		}
+		execRs.DepositRequests = &deposits
+	}
 	// Re-create statedb instance with new root upon the updated database
 	// for accessing latest states.
-	statedb, err = state.New(root, statedb.Database(), nil)
+	statedb, err = state.New(root, statedb.Database())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, NewError(ErrorEVM, fmt.Errorf("could not reopen state: %v", err))
 	}
@@ -396,8 +427,9 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 }
 
 func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc) *state.StateDB {
-	sdb := state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, &triedb.Config{Preimages: true})
+	tdb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, &triedb.Config{Preimages: true})
-	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, sdb, nil)
+	sdb := state.NewDatabase(tdb, nil)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, sdb)
 	for addr, a := range accounts {
 		statedb.SetCode(addr, a.Code)
 		statedb.SetNonce(addr, a.Nonce)
@@ -408,8 +440,7 @@ func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc) *state.StateDB
 	}
 	// Commit and re-open to start with a clean state.
 	root, _ := statedb.Commit(0, false)
-	statedb, _ = state.New(root, sdb, nil)
+	statedb, _ = state.New(root, sdb)
-
 	return statedb
 }
 

cmd/evm/runner.go

@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	})
 	defer triedb.Close()
 	genesis := genesisConfig.MustCommit(db, triedb)
-	sdb := state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb)
+	sdb := state.NewDatabase(triedb, nil)
-	statedb, _ = state.New(genesis.Root(), sdb, nil)
+	statedb, _ = state.New(genesis.Root(), sdb)
 	chainConfig = genesisConfig.Config
 
 	if ctx.String(SenderFlag.Name) != "" {
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			fmt.Printf("Failed to commit changes %v\n", err)
 			return err
 		}
-		dumpdb, err := state.New(root, sdb, nil)
+		dumpdb, err := state.New(root, sdb)
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Printf("Failed to open statedb %v\n", err)
 			return err

cmd/evm/staterunner.go

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func runStateTest(fname string, cfg vm.Config, dump bool) error {
 					result.Root = &root
 					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "{\"stateRoot\": \"%#x\"}\n", root)
 					if dump { // Dump any state to aid debugging
-						cpy, _ := state.New(root, tstate.StateDB.Database(), nil)
+						cpy, _ := state.New(root, tstate.StateDB.Database())
 						dump := cpy.RawDump(nil)
 						result.State = &dump
 					}

cmd/geth/chaincmd.go

@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ func initGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		v := ctx.Int64(utils.OverrideVerkle.Name)
 		overrides.OverrideVerkle = new(big.Int).SetInt64(v)
 	}
-	for _, name := range []string{"chaindata", "lightchaindata"} {
+
-		chaindb, err := stack.OpenDatabaseWithFreezer(name, 0, 0, ctx.String(utils.AncientFlag.Name), "", false, false, false)
+	chaindb, err := stack.OpenDatabaseWithFreezer("chaindata", 0, 0, ctx.String(utils.AncientFlag.Name), "", false, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Failed to open database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -240,8 +240,8 @@ func initGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Failed to write genesis block: %v", err)
 	}
-		log.Info("Successfully wrote genesis state", "database", name, "hash", hash)
+
-	}
+	log.Info("Successfully wrote genesis state", "database", "chaindata", "hash", hash)
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -265,25 +265,18 @@ func dumpGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 
 	// dump whatever already exists in the datadir
 	stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)
-	for _, name := range []string{"chaindata", "lightchaindata"} {
-		db, err := stack.OpenDatabase(name, 0, 0, "", true)
 
+	db, err := stack.OpenDatabase("chaindata", 0, 0, "", true)
 	if err != nil {
-			if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		return err
 	}
+	defer db.Close()
 
-			continue
+	genesis, err = core.ReadGenesis(db)
-		}
-
-		genesis, err := core.ReadGenesis(db)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("failed to read genesis: %s", err)
 	}
 
-		db.Close()
-
 	if err := json.NewEncoder(os.Stdout).Encode(*genesis); err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("could not encode stored genesis: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -291,13 +284,6 @@ func dumpGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-	if ctx.IsSet(utils.DataDirFlag.Name) {
-		utils.Fatalf("no existing datadir at %s", stack.Config().DataDir)
-	}
-	utils.Fatalf("no network preset provided, and no genesis exists in the default datadir")
-	return nil
-}
-
 func importChain(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	if ctx.Args().Len() < 1 {
 		utils.Fatalf("This command requires an argument.")
@@ -451,8 +437,6 @@ func importHistory(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			network = "mainnet"
 		case ctx.Bool(utils.SepoliaFlag.Name):
 			network = "sepolia"
-		case ctx.Bool(utils.GoerliFlag.Name):
-			network = "goerli"
 		}
 	} else {
 		// No network flag set, try to determine network based on files
@@ -596,8 +580,7 @@ func parseDumpConfig(ctx *cli.Context, db ethdb.Database) (*state.DumpConfig, co
 	default:
 		return nil, common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid start argument: %x. 20 or 32 hex-encoded bytes required", startArg)
 	}
-
+	conf := &state.DumpConfig{
-	var conf = &state.DumpConfig{
 		SkipCode:          ctx.Bool(utils.ExcludeCodeFlag.Name),
 		SkipStorage:       ctx.Bool(utils.ExcludeStorageFlag.Name),
 		OnlyWithAddresses: !ctx.Bool(utils.IncludeIncompletesFlag.Name),
@@ -625,7 +608,7 @@ func dump(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	triedb := utils.MakeTrieDatabase(ctx, db, true, true, false) // always enable preimage lookup
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
-	state, err := state.New(root, state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
+	state, err := state.New(root, state.NewDatabase(triedb, nil))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/geth/config.go

@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ var tomlSettings = toml.Config{
 	},
 	MissingField: func(rt reflect.Type, field string) error {
 		id := fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", rt.String(), field)
-		if deprecated(id) {
+		if deprecatedConfigFields[id] {
-			log.Warn("Config field is deprecated and won't have an effect", "name", id)
+			log.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("Config field '%s' is deprecated and won't have any effect.", id))
 			return nil
 		}
 		var link string
@@ -91,6 +91,19 @@ var tomlSettings = toml.Config{
 	},
 }
 
+var deprecatedConfigFields = map[string]bool{
+	"ethconfig.Config.EVMInterpreter":          true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.EWASMInterpreter":        true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.TrieCleanCacheJournal":   true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.TrieCleanCacheRejournal": true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightServ":               true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightIngress":            true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightEgress":             true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightPeers":              true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightNoPrune":            true,
+	"ethconfig.Config.LightNoSyncServe":        true,
+}
+
 type ethstatsConfig struct {
 	URL string `toml:",omitempty"`
 }
@@ -335,21 +348,6 @@ func applyMetricConfig(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *gethConfig) {
 	}
 }
 
-func deprecated(field string) bool {
-	switch field {
-	case "ethconfig.Config.EVMInterpreter":
-		return true
-	case "ethconfig.Config.EWASMInterpreter":
-		return true
-	case "ethconfig.Config.TrieCleanCacheJournal":
-		return true
-	case "ethconfig.Config.TrieCleanCacheRejournal":
-		return true
-	default:
-		return false
-	}
-}
-
 func setAccountManagerBackends(conf *node.Config, am *accounts.Manager, keydir string) error {
 	scryptN := keystore.StandardScryptN
 	scryptP := keystore.StandardScryptP

cmd/geth/consolecmd.go

@@ -129,9 +129,7 @@ func remoteConsole(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		}
 
 		if path != "" {
-			if ctx.Bool(utils.GoerliFlag.Name) {
+			if ctx.Bool(utils.MumbaiFlag.Name) || ctx.Bool(utils.AmoyFlag.Name) || ctx.Bool(utils.BorMainnetFlag.Name) {
-				path = filepath.Join(path, "goerli")
-			} else if ctx.Bool(utils.MumbaiFlag.Name) || ctx.Bool(utils.AmoyFlag.Name) || ctx.Bool(utils.BorMainnetFlag.Name) {
 				homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
 				path = filepath.Join(homeDir, "/.bor/data")
 			} else if ctx.Bool(utils.SepoliaFlag.Name) {

cmd/geth/consolecmd_test.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	ipcAPIs  = "admin:1.0 bor:1.0 clique:1.0 debug:1.0 engine:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0"
+	ipcAPIs  = "admin:1.0 bor:1.0 debug:1.0 engine:1.0 eth:1.0 miner:1.0 net:1.0 rpc:1.0 txpool:1.0 web3:1.0"
 	httpAPIs = "eth:1.0 net:1.0 rpc:1.0 web3:1.0"
 )
 
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ const (
 // memory and disk IO. If the args don't set --datadir, the
 // child g gets a temporary data directory.
 func runMinimalGeth(t *testing.T, args ...string) *testgeth {
-	// --goerli to make the 'writing genesis to disk' faster (no accounts)
+	// --holesky to make the 'writing genesis to disk' faster (no accounts)
 	// --networkid=1337 to avoid cache bump
 	// --syncmode=full to avoid allocating fast sync bloom
-	allArgs := []string{"--goerli", "--networkid", "1337", "--authrpc.port", "0", "--syncmode=full", "--port", "0",
+	allArgs := []string{"--holesky", "--networkid", "1337", "--authrpc.port", "0", "--syncmode=full", "--port", "0",
 		"--nat", "none", "--nodiscover", "--maxpeers", "0", "--cache", "64",
 		"--datadir.minfreedisk", "0"}
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func TestConsoleWelcome(t *testing.T) {
 	geth.SetTemplateFunc("gover", runtime.Version)
 	geth.SetTemplateFunc("gethver", func() string { return params.VersionWithCommit("", "") })
 	geth.SetTemplateFunc("niltime", func() string {
-		return time.Unix(1548854791, 0).Format("Mon Jan 02 2006 15:04:05 GMT-0700 (MST)")
+		return time.Unix(1695902100, 0).Format("Mon Jan 02 2006 15:04:05 GMT-0700 (MST)")
 	})
 	geth.SetTemplateFunc("apis", func() string { return ipcAPIs })
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func testAttachWelcome(t *testing.T, geth *testgeth, endpoint, apis string) {
 	attach.SetTemplateFunc("gover", runtime.Version)
 	attach.SetTemplateFunc("gethver", func() string { return params.VersionWithCommit("", "") })
 	attach.SetTemplateFunc("niltime", func() string {
-		return time.Unix(1548854791, 0).Format("Mon Jan 02 2006 15:04:05 GMT-0700 (MST)")
+		return time.Unix(1695902100, 0).Format("Mon Jan 02 2006 15:04:05 GMT-0700 (MST)")
 	})
 	attach.SetTemplateFunc("ipc", func() bool { return strings.HasPrefix(endpoint, "ipc") })
 	attach.SetTemplateFunc("datadir", func() string { return geth.Datadir })

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ var (
 		utils.BeaconGenesisRootFlag,
 		utils.BeaconGenesisTimeFlag,
 		utils.BeaconCheckpointFlag,
-		utils.CollectWitnessFlag,
 	}, utils.NetworkFlags, utils.DatabaseFlags)
 
 	rpcFlags = []cli.Flag{
@@ -299,9 +298,6 @@ func main() {
 func prepare(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	// If we're running a known preset, log it for convenience.
 	switch {
-	case ctx.IsSet(utils.GoerliFlag.Name):
-		log.Info("Starting Geth on Görli testnet...")
-
 	case ctx.IsSet(utils.SepoliaFlag.Name):
 		log.Info("Starting Geth on Sepolia testnet...")
 
@@ -339,8 +335,8 @@ func prepare(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	if !ctx.IsSet(utils.CacheFlag.Name) && !ctx.IsSet(utils.NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 		// Make sure we're not on any supported preconfigured testnet either
 		if !ctx.IsSet(utils.SepoliaFlag.Name) &&
-			!ctx.IsSet(utils.GoerliFlag.Name) &&
 			!ctx.IsSet(utils.MumbaiFlag.Name) &&
+			!ctx.IsSet(utils.HoleskyFlag.Name) &&
 			!ctx.IsSet(utils.AmoyFlag.Name) &&
 			!ctx.IsSet(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name) {
 			// Nope, we're really on mainnet. Bump that cache up!

cmd/utils/bor_flags.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package utils
 
 import (
 	"os"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 
@@ -22,6 +23,13 @@ var (
 		Value: "http://localhost:1317",
 	}
 
+	// HeimdallTimeoutFlag flag for heimdall timeout
+	HeimdallTimeoutFlag = &cli.DurationFlag{
+		Name:  "bor.heimdalltimeout",
+		Usage: "Timeout of Heimdall service",
+		Value: 5 * time.Second,
+	}
+
 	// WithoutHeimdallFlag no heimdall (for testing purpose)
 	WithoutHeimdallFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:  "bor.withoutheimdall",
@@ -56,6 +64,7 @@ var (
 	// BorFlags all bor related flags
 	BorFlags = []cli.Flag{
 		HeimdallURLFlag,
+		HeimdallTimeoutFlag,
 		WithoutHeimdallFlag,
 		HeimdallgRPCAddressFlag,
 		RunHeimdallFlag,
@@ -67,6 +76,7 @@ var (
 // SetBorConfig sets bor config
 func SetBorConfig(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *eth.Config) {
 	cfg.HeimdallURL = ctx.String(HeimdallURLFlag.Name)
+	cfg.HeimdallTimeout = ctx.Duration(HeimdallTimeoutFlag.Name)
 	cfg.WithoutHeimdall = ctx.Bool(WithoutHeimdallFlag.Name)
 	cfg.HeimdallgRPCAddress = ctx.String(HeimdallgRPCAddressFlag.Name)
 	cfg.RunHeimdall = ctx.Bool(RunHeimdallFlag.Name)

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ var (
 	}
 	NetworkIdFlag = &cli.Uint64Flag{
 		Name:     "networkid",
-		Usage:    "Explicitly set network id (integer)(For testnets: use --goerli, --sepolia, --holesky instead)",
+		Usage:    "Explicitly set network id (integer)(For testnets: use --sepolia, --holesky instead)",
 		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.NetworkId,
 		Category: flags.EthCategory,
 	}
@@ -144,11 +144,6 @@ var (
 		Usage:    "Ethereum mainnet",
 		Category: flags.EthCategory,
 	}
-	GoerliFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
-		Name:     "goerli",
-		Usage:    "Görli network: pre-configured proof-of-authority test network",
-		Category: flags.EthCategory,
-	}
 	SepoliaFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:     "sepolia",
 		Usage:    "Sepolia network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network",
@@ -644,11 +639,6 @@ var (
 		Usage:    "Disables db compaction after import",
 		Category: flags.LoggingCategory,
 	}
-	CollectWitnessFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
-		Name:     "collectwitness",
-		Usage:    "Enable state witness generation during block execution. Work in progress flag, don't use.",
-		Category: flags.MiscCategory,
-	}
 
 	// MISC settings
 	SyncTargetFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
@@ -851,8 +841,9 @@ var (
 	DiscoveryV5Flag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:     "discovery.v5",
 		Aliases:  []string{"discv5"},
-		Usage:    "Enables the experimental RLPx V5 (Topic Discovery) mechanism",
+		Usage:    "Enables the V5 discovery mechanism",
 		Category: flags.NetworkingCategory,
+		Value:    true,
 	}
 	NetrestrictFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:     "netrestrict",
@@ -1004,7 +995,6 @@ Please note that --` + MetricsHTTPFlag.Name + ` must be set to start the server.
 var (
 	// TestnetFlags is the flag group of all built-in supported testnets.
 	TestnetFlags = []cli.Flag{
-		GoerliFlag,
 		SepoliaFlag,
 	}
 	// NetworkFlags is the flag group of all built-in supported networks.
@@ -1026,10 +1016,6 @@ var (
 // then a subdirectory of the specified datadir will be used.
 func MakeDataDir(ctx *cli.Context) string {
 	if path := ctx.String(DataDirFlag.Name); path != "" {
-		if ctx.Bool(GoerliFlag.Name) {
-			return filepath.Join(path, "goerli")
-		}
-
 		if ctx.Bool(SepoliaFlag.Name) {
 			return filepath.Join(path, "sepolia")
 		}
@@ -1083,7 +1069,7 @@ func setNodeUserIdent(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *node.Config) {
 //
 // 1. --bootnodes flag
 // 2. Config file
-// 3. Network preset flags (e.g. --goerli)
+// 3. Network preset flags (e.g. --holesky)
 // 4. default to mainnet nodes
 func setBootstrapNodes(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *p2p.Config) {
 	urls := params.MainnetBootnodes
@@ -1096,8 +1082,6 @@ func setBootstrapNodes(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *p2p.Config) {
 		switch {
 		case ctx.Bool(SepoliaFlag.Name):
 			urls = params.SepoliaBootnodes
-		case ctx.Bool(GoerliFlag.Name):
-			urls = params.GoerliBootnodes
 		}
 	}
 	cfg.BootstrapNodes = mustParseBootnodes(urls)
@@ -1378,8 +1362,8 @@ func MakeAddress(ks *keystore.KeyStore, account string) (accounts.Account, error
 
 // setEtherbase retrieves the etherbase from the directly specified command line flags.
 func setEtherbase(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
-	if !ctx.IsSet(MinerEtherbaseFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.IsSet(MinerEtherbaseFlag.Name) {
-		return
+		log.Warn("Option --miner.etherbase is deprecated as the etherbase is set by the consensus client post-merge")
 	}
 
 	addr := ctx.String(MinerEtherbaseFlag.Name)
@@ -1556,8 +1540,6 @@ func SetDataDir(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *node.Config) {
 		cfg.DataDir = ctx.String(DataDirFlag.Name)
 	case ctx.Bool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
 		cfg.DataDir = "" // unless explicitly requested, use memory databases
-	case ctx.Bool(GoerliFlag.Name) && cfg.DataDir == node.DefaultDataDir():
-		cfg.DataDir = filepath.Join(node.DefaultDataDir(), "goerli")
 	case ctx.Bool(SepoliaFlag.Name) && cfg.DataDir == node.DefaultDataDir():
 		cfg.DataDir = filepath.Join(node.DefaultDataDir(), "sepolia")
 	}
@@ -1752,7 +1734,7 @@ func CheckExclusive(ctx *cli.Context, args ...interface{}) {
 // SetEthConfig applies eth-related command line flags to the config.
 func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 	// Avoid conflicting network flags
-	CheckExclusive(ctx, MainnetFlag, DeveloperFlag, GoerliFlag, SepoliaFlag, HoleskyFlag)
+	CheckExclusive(ctx, MainnetFlag, DeveloperFlag, SepoliaFlag, HoleskyFlag)
 	CheckExclusive(ctx, DeveloperFlag, ExternalSignerFlag) // Can't use both ephemeral unlocked and external signer
 
 	// Set configurations from CLI flags
@@ -1889,9 +1871,6 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 		// TODO(fjl): force-enable this in --dev mode
 		cfg.EnablePreimageRecording = ctx.Bool(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name)
 	}
-	if ctx.IsSet(CollectWitnessFlag.Name) {
-		cfg.EnableWitnessCollection = ctx.Bool(CollectWitnessFlag.Name)
-	}
 
 	if ctx.IsSet(RPCGlobalGasCapFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.RPCGasCap = ctx.Uint64(RPCGlobalGasCapFlag.Name)
@@ -1937,13 +1916,6 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
 		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.SepoliaGenesisHash)
-	case ctx.Bool(GoerliFlag.Name):
-		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
-			cfg.NetworkId = 5
-		}
-
-		cfg.Genesis = core.DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock()
-		SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg, params.GoerliGenesisHash)
 	case ctx.Bool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
 		if !ctx.IsSet(NetworkIdFlag.Name) {
 			cfg.NetworkId = 1337
@@ -2071,7 +2043,7 @@ func SetDNSDiscoveryDefaults(cfg *ethconfig.Config, genesis common.Hash) {
 
 // RegisterEthService adds an Ethereum client to the stack.
 // The second return value is the full node instance.
-func RegisterEthService(stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) (ethapi.Backend, *eth.Ethereum) {
+func RegisterEthService(stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) (*eth.EthAPIBackend, *eth.Ethereum) {
 	backend, err := eth.New(stack, cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum service: %v", err)
@@ -2081,7 +2053,7 @@ func RegisterEthService(stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) (ethapi.Backend
 }
 
 // RegisterEthStatsService configures the Ethereum Stats daemon and adds it to the node.
-func RegisterEthStatsService(stack *node.Node, backend ethapi.Backend, url string) {
+func RegisterEthStatsService(stack *node.Node, backend *eth.EthAPIBackend, url string) {
 	if err := ethstats.New(stack, backend, backend.Engine(), url); err != nil {
 		Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum Stats service: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -2216,8 +2188,6 @@ func MakeChainDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly, disableFree
 		}
 
 		chainDb = remotedb.New(client)
-	case ctx.String(SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light":
-		chainDb, err = stack.OpenDatabase("lightchaindata", cache, handles, "", readonly)
 	default:
 		chainDb, err = stack.OpenDatabaseWithFreezer("chaindata", cache, handles, ctx.String(AncientFlag.Name), "", readonly, disableFreeze, false)
 	}
@@ -2290,8 +2260,6 @@ func MakeGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) *core.Genesis {
 		genesis = core.DefaultGenesisBlock()
 	case ctx.Bool(SepoliaFlag.Name):
 		genesis = core.DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
-	case ctx.Bool(GoerliFlag.Name):
-		genesis = core.DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock()
 	case ctx.Bool(DeveloperFlag.Name):
 		Fatalf("Developer chains are ephemeral")
 	}
@@ -2314,6 +2282,7 @@ func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly bool) (*core.BlockCh
 	configs := &ethconfig.Config{
 		Genesis:             gspec,
 		HeimdallURL:         ctx.String(HeimdallURLFlag.Name),
+		HeimdallTimeout:     ctx.Duration(HeimdallTimeoutFlag.Name),
 		WithoutHeimdall:     ctx.Bool(WithoutHeimdallFlag.Name),
 		HeimdallgRPCAddress: ctx.String(HeimdallgRPCAddressFlag.Name),
 		RunHeimdall:         ctx.Bool(RunHeimdallArgsFlag.Name),
@@ -2367,7 +2336,6 @@ func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly bool) (*core.BlockCh
 	}
 	vmcfg := vm.Config{
 		EnablePreimageRecording: ctx.Bool(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name),
-		EnableWitnessCollection: ctx.Bool(CollectWitnessFlag.Name),
 	}
 	if ctx.IsSet(VMTraceFlag.Name) {
 		if name := ctx.String(VMTraceFlag.Name); name != "" {

cmd/utils/flags_legacy.go

@@ -92,25 +92,21 @@ var (
 	LightServeFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "light.serve",
 		Usage:    "Maximum percentage of time allowed for serving LES requests (deprecated)",
-		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.LightServ,
 		Category: flags.DeprecatedCategory,
 	}
 	LightIngressFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "light.ingress",
 		Usage:    "Incoming bandwidth limit for serving light clients (deprecated)",
-		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.LightIngress,
 		Category: flags.DeprecatedCategory,
 	}
 	LightEgressFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "light.egress",
 		Usage:    "Outgoing bandwidth limit for serving light clients (deprecated)",
-		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.LightEgress,
 		Category: flags.DeprecatedCategory,
 	}
 	LightMaxPeersFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "light.maxpeers",
 		Usage:    "Maximum number of light clients to serve, or light servers to attach to (deprecated)",
-		Value:    ethconfig.Defaults.LightPeers,
 		Category: flags.DeprecatedCategory,
 	}
 	LightNoPruneFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{

cmd/utils/history_test.go

@@ -87,11 +87,7 @@ func TestHistoryImportAndExport(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Make temp directory for era files.
-	dir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "history-export-test")
+	dir := t.TempDir()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("error creating temp test directory: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer os.RemoveAll(dir)
 
 	// Export history to temp directory.
 	if err := ExportHistory(chain, dir, 0, count, step); err != nil {

consensus/beacon/consensus.go

@@ -388,8 +388,39 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, hea
 	// Assign the final state root to header.
 	header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(true)
 
-	// Assemble and return the final block.
+	// Assemble the final block.
-	return types.NewBlock(header, body, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)), nil
+	block := types.NewBlock(header, body, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+
+	// Create the block witness and attach to block.
+	// This step needs to happen as late as possible to catch all access events.
+	if chain.Config().IsVerkle(header.Number) {
+		keys := state.AccessEvents().Keys()
+
+		// Open the pre-tree to prove the pre-state against
+		parent := chain.GetHeaderByNumber(header.Number.Uint64() - 1)
+		if parent == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil parent header for block %d", header.Number)
+		}
+
+		preTrie, err := state.Database().OpenTrie(parent.Root)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error opening pre-state tree root: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		vktPreTrie, okpre := preTrie.(*trie.VerkleTrie)
+		vktPostTrie, okpost := state.GetTrie().(*trie.VerkleTrie)
+		if okpre && okpost {
+			if len(keys) > 0 {
+				verkleProof, stateDiff, err := vktPreTrie.Proof(vktPostTrie, keys, vktPreTrie.FlatdbNodeResolver)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("error generating verkle proof for block %d: %w", header.Number, err)
+				}
+				block = block.WithWitness(&types.ExecutionWitness{StateDiff: stateDiff, VerkleProof: verkleProof})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return block, nil
 }
 
 // Seal generates a new sealing request for the given input block and pushes

consensus/bor/bor.go

@@ -391,6 +391,10 @@ func (c *Bor) verifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Head
 		return consensus.ErrUnexpectedWithdrawals
 	}
 
+	if header.RequestsHash != nil {
+		return consensus.ErrUnexpectedRequests
+	}
+
 	// All basic checks passed, verify cascading fields
 	return c.verifyCascadingFields(chain, header, parents)
 }
@@ -820,6 +824,9 @@ func (c *Bor) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header,
 	if body.Withdrawals != nil || header.WithdrawalsHash != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if body.Requests != nil || header.RequestsHash != nil {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var (
 		stateSyncData []*types.StateSyncData
@@ -906,6 +913,9 @@ func (c *Bor) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *typ
 	if body.Withdrawals != nil || header.WithdrawalsHash != nil {
 		return nil, consensus.ErrUnexpectedWithdrawals
 	}
+	if body.Requests != nil || header.RequestsHash != nil {
+		return nil, consensus.ErrUnexpectedRequests
+	}
 
 	var (
 		stateSyncData []*types.StateSyncData

consensus/bor/bor_test.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func TestGenesisContractChange(t *testing.T) {
 
 	genesis := genspec.MustCommit(db, triedb.NewDatabase(db, triedb.HashDefaults))
 
-	statedb, err := state.New(genesis.Root(), state.NewDatabase(db), nil)
+	statedb, err := state.New(genesis.Root(), state.NewDatabase(triedb.NewDatabase(db, triedb.HashDefaults), nil))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), nil, genspec, nil, b, vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func TestGenesisContractChange(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.NoError(t, statedb.Database().TrieDB().Commit(root, true))
 
-		statedb, err := state.New(h.Root, state.NewDatabase(db), nil)
+		statedb, err := state.New(h.Root, state.NewDatabase(triedb.NewDatabase(db, triedb.HashDefaults), nil))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		return root, statedb

consensus/bor/heimdall/client.go

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ var (
 const (
 	heimdallAPIBodyLimit = 128 * 1024 * 1024 // 128 MB
 	stateFetchLimit      = 50
-	apiHeimdallTimeout   = 5 * time.Second
 	retryCall            = 5 * time.Second
 )
 
@@ -59,11 +58,11 @@ type Request struct {
 	start  time.Time
 }
 
-func NewHeimdallClient(urlString string) *HeimdallClient {
+func NewHeimdallClient(urlString string, timeout time.Duration) *HeimdallClient {
 	return &HeimdallClient{
 		urlString: urlString,
 		client: http.Client{
-			Timeout: apiHeimdallTimeout,
+			Timeout: timeout,
 		},
 		closeCh: make(chan struct{}),
 	}
@@ -294,7 +293,13 @@ func FetchWithRetry[T any](ctx context.Context, client http.Client, url *url.URL
 	log.Warn("an error while trying fetching from Heimdall", "path", url.Path, "attempt", attempt, "error", err)
 
 	// create a new ticker for retrying the request
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(retryCall)
+	var ticker *time.Ticker
+	if client.Timeout != 0 {
+		ticker = time.NewTicker(client.Timeout)
+	} else {
+		// only reach here when HeimdallClient is HeimdallGRPCClient or HeimdallAppClient
+		ticker = time.NewTicker(retryCall)
+	}
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
 	const logEach = 5
@@ -469,7 +474,7 @@ func internalFetch(ctx context.Context, client http.Client, u *url.URL) ([]byte,
 }
 
 func internalFetchWithTimeout(ctx context.Context, client http.Client, url *url.URL) ([]byte, error) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, apiHeimdallTimeout)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, client.Timeout)
 	defer cancel()
 
 	// request data once

consensus/bor/heimdall/client_test.go

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func TestFetchCheckpointFromMockHeimdall(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expect no error in starting mock heimdall server")
 
 	// Create a new heimdall client and use same port for connection
-	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port))
+	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port), 5*time.Second)
 	_, err = client.FetchCheckpoint(context.Background(), -1)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expect no error in fetching checkpoint")
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func TestFetchMilestoneFromMockHeimdall(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expect no error in starting mock heimdall server")
 
 	// Create a new heimdall client and use same port for connection
-	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port))
+	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port), 5*time.Second)
 	_, err = client.FetchMilestone(context.Background())
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expect no error in fetching milestone")
 
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ func TestFetchShutdown(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "expect no error in starting mock heimdall server")
 
 	// Create a new heimdall client and use same port for connection
-	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port))
+	client := NewHeimdallClient(fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d", port), 5*time.Second)
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 50*time.Millisecond)
 

consensus/clique/clique_test.go

@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ import (
 )
 
 // This test case is a repro of an annoying bug that took us forever to catch.
-// In Clique PoA networks (Görli, etc), consecutive blocks might have
+// In Clique PoA networks, consecutive blocks might have the same state root (no
-// the same state root (no block subsidy, empty block). If a node crashes, the
+// block subsidy, empty block). If a node crashes, the chain ends up losing the
-// chain ends up losing the recent state and needs to regenerate it from blocks
+// recent state and needs to regenerate it from blocks already in the database.
-// already in the database. The bug was that processing the block *prior* to an
+// The bug was that processing the block *prior* to an empty one **also
-// empty one **also completes** the empty one, ending up in a known-block error.
+// completes** the empty one, ending up in a known-block error.
 func TestReimportMirroredState(t *testing.T) {
 	// Initialize a Clique chain with a single signer
 	var (
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ func TestReimportMirroredState(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// Insert the first two blocks and make sure the chain is valid
 	db = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-
 	chain, _ = core.NewBlockChain(db, nil, genspec, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
 	defer chain.Stop()
 

consensus/errors.go

@@ -41,4 +41,7 @@ var (
 
 	// ErrUnexpectedWithdrawals is returned if a pre-Shanghai block has withdrawals.
 	ErrUnexpectedWithdrawals = errors.New("unexpected withdrawals")
+
+	// ErrUnexpectedRequests is returned if a pre-Shanghai block has requests.
+	ErrUnexpectedRequests = errors.New("unexpected requests")
 )

consensus/misc/eip1559/eip1559_test.go

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func TestCalcBaseFee(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// TestCalcBaseFee assumes all blocks are 1559-blocks post Delhi Hard Fork
+// TestCalcBaseFeeDelhi assumes all blocks are 1559-blocks post Delhi Hard Fork
 func TestCalcBaseFeeDelhi(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

core/bench_test.go

@@ -331,7 +331,6 @@ func benchReadChain(b *testing.B, full bool, count uint64) {
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("error opening database at %v: %v", dir, err)
 		}
-
 		chain, err := NewBlockChain(db, &cacheConfig, genesis, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatalf("error creating chain: %v", err)

core/block_validator.go

@@ -20,10 +20,8 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/stateless"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
@@ -127,15 +125,17 @@ func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error {
 
 // ValidateState validates the various changes that happen after a state transition,
 // such as amount of used gas, the receipt roots and the state root itself.
-func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, receipts types.Receipts, usedGas uint64, stateless bool) error {
+func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, res *ProcessResult, stateless bool) error {
+	if res == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("nil ProcessResult value")
+	}
 	header := block.Header()
-
+	if block.GasUsed() != res.GasUsed {
-	if block.GasUsed() != usedGas {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid gas used (remote: %d local: %d)", block.GasUsed(), res.GasUsed)
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid gas used (remote: %d local: %d)", block.GasUsed(), usedGas)
 	}
 	// Validate the received block's bloom with the one derived from the generated receipts.
 	// For valid blocks this should always validate to true.
-	rbloom := types.CreateBloom(receipts)
+	rbloom := types.CreateBloom(res.Receipts)
 	if rbloom != header.Bloom {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid bloom (remote: %x  local: %x)", header.Bloom, rbloom)
 	}
@@ -145,10 +145,17 @@ func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateD
 		return nil
 	}
 	// The receipt Trie's root (R = (Tr [[H1, R1], ... [Hn, Rn]]))
-	receiptSha := types.DeriveSha(receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+	receiptSha := types.DeriveSha(res.Receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
 	if receiptSha != header.ReceiptHash {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid receipt root hash (remote: %x local: %x)", header.ReceiptHash, receiptSha)
 	}
+	// Validate the parsed requests match the expected header value.
+	if header.RequestsHash != nil {
+		depositSha := types.DeriveSha(res.Requests, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+		if depositSha != *header.RequestsHash {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid deposit root hash (remote: %x local: %x)", *header.RequestsHash, depositSha)
+		}
+	}
 	// Validate the state root against the received state root and throw
 	// an error if they don't match.
 	if root := statedb.IntermediateRoot(v.config.IsEIP158(header.Number)); header.Root != root {
@@ -158,28 +165,6 @@ func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateD
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ValidateWitness cross validates a block execution with stateless remote clients.
-//
-// Normally we'd distribute the block witness to remote cross validators, wait
-// for them to respond and then merge the results. For now, however, it's only
-// Geth, so do an internal stateless run.
-func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateWitness(witness *stateless.Witness, receiptRoot common.Hash, stateRoot common.Hash) error {
-	// Run the cross client stateless execution
-	// TODO(karalabe): Self-stateless for now, swap with other clients
-	crossReceiptRoot, crossStateRoot, err := ExecuteStateless(v.config, witness)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("stateless execution failed: %v", err)
-	}
-	// Stateless cross execution suceeeded, validate the withheld computed fields
-	if crossReceiptRoot != receiptRoot {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cross validator receipt root mismatch (cross: %x local: %x)", crossReceiptRoot, receiptRoot)
-	}
-	if crossStateRoot != stateRoot {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cross validator state root mismatch (cross: %x local: %x)", crossStateRoot, stateRoot)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 // CalcGasLimit computes the gas limit of the next block after parent. It aims
 // to keep the baseline gas close to the provided target, and increase it towards
 // the target if the baseline gas is lower.

core/block_validator_test.go

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ func testHeaderVerificationForMerging(t *testing.T, isClique bool) {
 			t.Fatalf("post-block %d: unexpected result returned: %v", i, result)
 		case <-time.After(25 * time.Millisecond):
 		}
-		chain.InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(postBlocks[i])
+		chain.InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(postBlocks[i], false)
 	}
 
 	// Verify the blocks with pre-merge blocks and post-merge blocks

core/blockchain.go

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state/snapshot"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/stateless"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
@@ -78,17 +79,21 @@ var (
 	storageUpdateTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/storage/updates", nil)
 	storageCommitTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/storage/commits", nil)
 
+	accountReadSingleTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/account/single/reads", nil) //nolint:golint,unused
+	storageReadSingleTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/storage/single/reads", nil) //nolint:golint,unused
+
+	snapshotCommitTimer      = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/snapshot/commits", nil)
+	triedbCommitTimer        = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/triedb/commits", nil)
 	snapshotAccountReadTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/snapshot/account/reads", nil)
 	snapshotStorageReadTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/snapshot/storage/reads", nil)
-	snapshotCommitTimer      = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/snapshot/commits", nil)
 
 	borConsensusTime = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/bor/consensus", nil)
 
 	blockImportTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("chain/imports", nil)
-	triedbCommitTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/triedb/commits", nil)
 
 	blockInsertTimer                   = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/inserts", nil)
 	blockValidationTimer               = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/validation", nil)
+	blockCrossValidationTimer          = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/crossvalidation", nil) //nolint:golint,unused
 	blockExecutionTimer                = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/execution", nil)
 	blockWriteTimer                    = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("chain/write", nil)
 	blockExecutionParallelCounter      = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("chain/execution/parallel", nil)
@@ -237,7 +242,7 @@ type BlockChain struct {
 	lastWrite     uint64                           // Last block when the state was flushed
 	flushInterval atomic.Int64                     // Time interval (processing time) after which to flush a state
 	triedb        *triedb.Database                 // The database handler for maintaining trie nodes.
-	stateCache    state.Database                   // State database to reuse between imports (contains state cache)
+	statedb       *state.CachingDB                 // State database to reuse between imports (contains state cache)
 	txIndexer     *txIndexer                       // Transaction indexer, might be nil if not enabled
 
 	hc            *HeaderChain
@@ -357,7 +362,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, genesis *Genesis
 
 	bc.flushInterval.Store(int64(cacheConfig.TrieTimeLimit))
 	bc.forker = NewForkChoice(bc, shouldPreserve, checker)
-	bc.stateCache = state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(bc.db, bc.triedb)
+	bc.statedb = state.NewDatabase(bc.triedb, nil)
 	bc.validator = NewBlockValidator(chainConfig, bc)
 	bc.prefetcher = newStatePrefetcher(chainConfig, bc.hc)
 	bc.processor = NewStateProcessor(chainConfig, bc, bc.hc)
@@ -525,11 +530,10 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, genesis *Genesis
 			AsyncBuild: !bc.cacheConfig.SnapshotWait,
 		}
 		bc.snaps, _ = snapshot.New(snapconfig, bc.db, bc.triedb, head.Root)
-	}
 
-	// Start future block processor.
+		// Re-initialize the state database with snapshot
-	// bc.wg.Add(1)
+		bc.statedb = state.NewDatabase(bc.triedb, bc.snaps)
-	// go bc.updateFutureBlocks()
+	}
 
 	// Rewind the chain in case of an incompatible config upgrade.
 	if compat, ok := genesisErr.(*params.ConfigCompatError); ok {
@@ -616,7 +620,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(block *types.Block, parent *types.Header) (_
 	processorCount := 0
 
 	if bc.parallelProcessor != nil {
-		parallelStatedb, err := state.New(parent.Root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
+		parallelStatedb, err := state.New(parent.Root, bc.statedb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, 0, nil, 0, err
 		}
@@ -627,19 +631,22 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(block *types.Block, parent *types.Header) (_
 		go func() {
 			parallelStatedb.StartPrefetcher("chain", nil)
 			pstart := time.Now()
-			receipts, logs, usedGas, err := bc.parallelProcessor.Process(block, parallelStatedb, bc.vmConfig, ctx)
+			res, err := bc.parallelProcessor.Process(block, parallelStatedb, bc.vmConfig, ctx)
 			blockExecutionParallelTimer.UpdateSince(pstart)
 			if err == nil {
 				vstart := time.Now()
-				err = bc.validator.ValidateState(block, parallelStatedb, receipts, usedGas, false)
+				err = bc.validator.ValidateState(block, parallelStatedb, res, false)
 				vtime = time.Since(vstart)
 			}
-			resultChan <- Result{receipts, logs, usedGas, err, parallelStatedb, blockExecutionParallelCounter, true}
+			if res == nil {
+				res = &ProcessResult{}
+			}
+			resultChan <- Result{res.Receipts, res.Logs, res.GasUsed, err, parallelStatedb, blockExecutionParallelCounter, true}
 		}()
 	}
 
 	if bc.processor != nil && !bc.enforceParallelProcessor {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root, bc.statedb)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, 0, nil, 0, err
 		}
@@ -650,14 +657,17 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(block *types.Block, parent *types.Header) (_
 		go func() {
 			statedb.StartPrefetcher("chain", nil)
 			pstart := time.Now()
-			receipts, logs, usedGas, err := bc.processor.Process(block, statedb, bc.vmConfig, ctx)
+			res, err := bc.processor.Process(block, statedb, bc.vmConfig, ctx)
 			blockExecutionSerialTimer.UpdateSince(pstart)
 			if err == nil {
 				vstart := time.Now()
-				err = bc.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, receipts, usedGas, false)
+				err = bc.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, res, false)
 				vtime = time.Since(vstart)
 			}
-			resultChan <- Result{receipts, logs, usedGas, err, statedb, blockExecutionSerialCounter, false}
+			if res == nil {
+				res = &ProcessResult{}
+			}
+			resultChan <- Result{res.Receipts, res.Logs, res.GasUsed, err, statedb, blockExecutionSerialCounter, false}
 		}()
 	}
 
@@ -2063,7 +2073,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error) {
 		return 0, errChainStopped
 	}
 	defer bc.chainmu.Unlock()
-	return bc.insertChain(chain, true)
+
+	_, n, err := bc.insertChain(chain, true, false) // No witness collection for mass inserts (would get super large)
+	return n, err
 }
 
 // insertChain is the internal implementation of InsertChain, which assumes that
@@ -2074,10 +2086,10 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error) {
 // racey behaviour. If a sidechain import is in progress, and the historic state
 // is imported, but then new canon-head is added before the actual sidechain
 // completes, then the historic state could be pruned again
-func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool, makeWitness bool) (*stateless.Witness, int, error) {
 	// If the chain is terminating, don't even bother starting up.
 	if bc.insertStopped() {
-		return 0, nil
+		return nil, 0, nil
 	}
 
 	// Start a parallel signature recovery (signer will fluke on fork transition, minimal perf loss)
@@ -2113,13 +2125,13 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 	// Check the validity of incoming chain
 	isValid, err1 := bc.forker.ValidateReorg(bc.CurrentBlock(), headers)
 	if err1 != nil {
-		return it.index, err1
+		return nil, it.index, err1
 	}
 
 	if !isValid {
 		// The chain to be imported is invalid as the blocks doesn't match with
 		// the whitelisted block number.
-		return it.index, whitelist.ErrMismatch
+		return nil, it.index, whitelist.ErrMismatch
 	}
 
 	// Left-trim all the known blocks that don't need to build snapshot
@@ -2137,7 +2149,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		for block != nil && bc.skipBlock(err, it) {
 			reorg, err = bc.forker.ReorgNeeded(current, block.Header())
 			if err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			if reorg {
@@ -2169,7 +2181,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 			log.Debug("Writing previously known block", "number", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash())
 
 			if err := bc.writeKnownBlock(block); err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			lastCanon = block
@@ -2185,13 +2197,12 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		if setHead {
 			// First block is pruned, insert as sidechain and reorg only if TD grows enough
 			log.Debug("Pruned ancestor, inserting as sidechain", "number", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash())
-			return bc.insertSideChain(block, it)
+			return bc.insertSideChain(block, it, makeWitness)
 		} else {
 			// We're post-merge and the parent is pruned, try to recover the parent state
 			log.Debug("Pruned ancestor", "number", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash())
-			_, err := bc.recoverAncestors(block)
+			_, err := bc.recoverAncestors(block, makeWitness)
-
+			return nil, it.index, err
-			return it.index, err
 		}
 	// First block is future, shove it (and all children) to the future queue (unknown ancestor)
 	case errors.Is(err, consensus.ErrFutureBlock) || (errors.Is(err, consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor) && bc.futureBlocks.Contains(it.first().ParentHash())):
@@ -2199,7 +2210,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 			log.Debug("Future block, postponing import", "number", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash())
 
 			if err := bc.addFutureBlock(block); err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			block, err = it.next()
@@ -2209,7 +2220,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		stats.ignored += it.remaining()
 
 		// If there are any still remaining, mark as ignored
-		return it.index, err
+		return nil, it.index, err
 
 	// Some other error(except ErrKnownBlock) occurred, abort.
 	// ErrKnownBlock is allowed here since some known blocks
@@ -2218,8 +2229,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		stats.ignored += len(it.chain)
 
 		bc.reportBlock(block, nil, err)
-
+		return nil, it.index, err
-		return it.index, err
 	}
 	// No validation errors for the first block (or chain prefix skipped)
 	var activeState *state.StateDB
@@ -2233,6 +2243,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		}
 	}()
 
+	// Track the singleton witness from this chain insertion (if any)
+	var witness *stateless.Witness
+
 	// accumulator for canonical blocks
 	var canonAccum []*types.Block
 
@@ -2261,7 +2274,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		// If the header is a banned one, straight out abort
 		if BadHashes[block.Hash()] {
 			bc.reportBlock(block, nil, ErrBannedHash)
-			return it.index, ErrBannedHash
+			return nil, it.index, ErrBannedHash
 		}
 
 		// If the block is known (in the middle of the chain), it's a special case for
@@ -2296,7 +2309,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 			}
 
 			if err := bc.writeKnownBlock(block); err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			stats.processed++
@@ -2308,14 +2321,12 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 					Safe:      bc.CurrentSafeBlock(),
 				})
 			}
-
 			// We can assume that logs are empty here, since the only way for consecutive
 			// Clique blocks to have the same state is if there are no transactions.
 			lastCanon = block
 
 			continue
 		}
-
 		// Retrieve the parent block and it's state to execute on top
 		start := time.Now()
 
@@ -2330,7 +2341,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 
 		if !bc.cacheConfig.TrieCleanNoPrefetch {
 			if followup, err := it.peek(); followup != nil && err == nil {
-				throwaway, _ := state.New(parent.Root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
+				throwaway, _ := state.New(parent.Root, bc.statedb)
 
 				go func(start time.Time, followup *types.Block, throwaway *state.StateDB) {
 					// Disable tracing for prefetcher executions.
@@ -2353,10 +2364,10 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		activeState = statedb
 
 		if err != nil {
-			bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
+			bc.reportBlock(block, &ProcessResult{Receipts: receipts}, err)
 			followupInterrupt.Store(true)
 
-			return it.index, err
+			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
 
 		// BOR state sync feed related changes
@@ -2398,10 +2409,11 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		// so that it's considered as a `past` chain and the validation doesn't get bypassed.
 		isValid, err = bc.forker.ValidateReorg(block.Header(), []*types.Header{block.Header()})
 		if err != nil {
-			return it.index, err
+			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
+
 		if !isValid {
-			return it.index, whitelist.ErrMismatch
+			return nil, it.index, whitelist.ErrMismatch
 		}
 
 		if !setHead {
@@ -2414,7 +2426,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 		followupInterrupt.Store(true)
 
 		if err != nil {
-			return it.index, err
+			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
 
 		// Update the metrics touched during block commit
@@ -2441,7 +2453,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 			// After merge we expect few side chains. Simply count
 			// all blocks the CL gives us for GC processing time
 			bc.gcproc += proctime
-			return it.index, nil // Direct block insertion of a single block
+			return witness, it.index, nil // Direct block insertion of a single block
 		}
 
 		// BOR
@@ -2487,14 +2499,14 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 	// Any blocks remaining here? The only ones we care about are the future ones
 	if block != nil && errors.Is(err, consensus.ErrFutureBlock) {
 		if err := bc.addFutureBlock(block); err != nil {
-			return it.index, err
+			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
 
 		block, err = it.next()
 
 		for ; block != nil && errors.Is(err, consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor); block, err = it.next() {
 			if err := bc.addFutureBlock(block); err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			stats.queued++
@@ -2502,7 +2514,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool) (int, error)
 	}
 
 	stats.ignored += it.remaining()
-	return it.index, err
+	return witness, it.index, err
 }
 
 // blockProcessingResult is a summary of block processing
@@ -2535,42 +2547,68 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 
 	// Process block using the parent state as reference point
 	pstart := time.Now()
-	receipts, logs, usedGas, err := bc.processor.Process(block, statedb, bc.vmConfig, context.Background())
+	res, err := bc.processor.Process(block, statedb, bc.vmConfig, context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
-		bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
+		bc.reportBlock(block, res, err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	ptime := time.Since(pstart)
 
 	vstart := time.Now()
-	if err := bc.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, receipts, usedGas, false); err != nil {
+	if err := bc.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, res, false); err != nil {
-		bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
+		bc.reportBlock(block, res, err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	vtime := time.Since(vstart)
 
-	if witness := statedb.Witness(); witness != nil {
+	// If witnesses was generated and stateless self-validation requested, do
-		if err = bc.validator.ValidateWitness(witness, block.ReceiptHash(), block.Root()); err != nil {
+	// that now. Self validation should *never* run in production, it's more of
-			bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
+	// a tight integration to enable running *all* consensus tests through the
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cross verification failed: %v", err)
+	// witness builder/runner, which would otherwise be impossible due to the
+	// various invalid chain states/behaviors being contained in those tests.
+	xvstart := time.Now()
+	if witness := statedb.Witness(); witness != nil && bc.vmConfig.StatelessSelfValidation {
+		log.Warn("Running stateless self-validation", "block", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash())
+
+		// Remove critical computed fields from the block to force true recalculation
+		context := block.Header()
+		context.Root = common.Hash{}
+		context.ReceiptHash = common.Hash{}
+
+		task := types.NewBlockWithHeader(context).WithBody(*block.Body())
+
+		// Run the stateless self-cross-validation
+		crossStateRoot, crossReceiptRoot, err := ExecuteStateless(bc.chainConfig, task, witness)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("stateless self-validation failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if crossStateRoot != block.Root() {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("stateless self-validation root mismatch (cross: %x local: %x)", crossStateRoot, block.Root())
+		}
+		if crossReceiptRoot != block.ReceiptHash() {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("stateless self-validation receipt root mismatch (cross: %x local: %x)", crossReceiptRoot, block.ReceiptHash())
 		}
 	}
-	proctime := time.Since(start) // processing + validation
+	xvtime := time.Since(xvstart)
+	proctime := time.Since(start) // processing + validation + cross validation
 
 	// Update the metrics touched during block processing and validation
 	accountReadTimer.Update(statedb.AccountReads) // Account reads are complete(in processing)
 	storageReadTimer.Update(statedb.StorageReads) // Storage reads are complete(in processing)
-	snapshotAccountReadTimer.Update(statedb.SnapshotAccountReads)   // Account reads are complete(in processing)
+	if statedb.AccountLoaded != 0 {
-	snapshotStorageReadTimer.Update(statedb.SnapshotStorageReads)   // Storage reads are complete(in processing)
+		accountReadSingleTimer.Update(statedb.AccountReads / time.Duration(statedb.AccountLoaded))
+	}
+	if statedb.StorageLoaded != 0 {
+		storageReadSingleTimer.Update(statedb.StorageReads / time.Duration(statedb.StorageLoaded))
+	}
 	accountUpdateTimer.Update(statedb.AccountUpdates)                                 // Account updates are complete(in validation)
 	storageUpdateTimer.Update(statedb.StorageUpdates)                                 // Storage updates are complete(in validation)
 	accountHashTimer.Update(statedb.AccountHashes)                                    // Account hashes are complete(in validation)
 	triehash := statedb.AccountHashes                                                 // The time spent on tries hashing
 	trieUpdate := statedb.AccountUpdates + statedb.StorageUpdates                     // The time spent on tries update
-	trieRead := statedb.SnapshotAccountReads + statedb.AccountReads // The time spent on account read
+	blockExecutionTimer.Update(ptime - (statedb.AccountReads + statedb.StorageReads)) // The time spent on EVM processing
-	trieRead += statedb.SnapshotStorageReads + statedb.StorageReads // The time spent on storage read
-	blockExecutionTimer.Update(ptime - trieRead)                    // The time spent on EVM processing
 	blockValidationTimer.Update(vtime - (triehash + trieUpdate))                      // The time spent on block validation
+	blockCrossValidationTimer.Update(xvtime)                                          // The time spent on stateless cross validation
 
 	// Write the block to the chain and get the status.
 	var (
@@ -2579,9 +2617,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 	)
 	if !setHead {
 		// Don't set the head, only insert the block
-		_, err = bc.writeBlockWithState(block, receipts, logs, statedb)
+		_, err = bc.writeBlockWithState(block, res.Receipts, res.Logs, statedb)
 	} else {
-		status, err = bc.writeBlockAndSetHead(block, receipts, logs, statedb, false)
+		status, err = bc.writeBlockAndSetHead(block, res.Receipts, res.Logs, statedb, false)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -2595,7 +2633,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 	blockWriteTimer.Update(time.Since(wstart) - max(statedb.AccountCommits, statedb.StorageCommits) /* concurrent */ - statedb.SnapshotCommits - statedb.TrieDBCommits)
 	blockInsertTimer.UpdateSince(start)
 
-	return &blockProcessingResult{usedGas: usedGas, procTime: proctime, status: status}, nil
+	return &blockProcessingResult{usedGas: res.GasUsed, procTime: proctime, status: status}, nil
 }
 
 // insertSideChain is called when an import batch hits upon a pruned ancestor
@@ -2605,7 +2643,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, s
 // The method writes all (header-and-body-valid) blocks to disk, then tries to
 // switch over to the new chain if the TD exceeded the current chain.
 // insertSideChain is only used pre-merge.
-func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (int, error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator, makeWitness bool) (*stateless.Witness, int, error) {
 	var (
 		externTd  *big.Int
 		lastBlock = block
@@ -2644,7 +2682,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 				// If someone legitimately side-mines blocks, they would still be imported as usual. However,
 				// we cannot risk writing unverified blocks to disk when they obviously target the pruning
 				// mechanism.
-				return it.index, errors.New("sidechain ghost-state attack")
+				return nil, it.index, errors.New("sidechain ghost-state attack")
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -2658,7 +2696,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 			start := time.Now()
 
 			if err := bc.writeBlockWithoutState(block, externTd); err != nil {
-				return it.index, err
+				return nil, it.index, err
 			}
 
 			log.Debug("Injected sidechain block", "number", block.Number(), "hash", block.Hash(),
@@ -2677,19 +2715,19 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 	// blocks to regenerate the required state
 	reorg, err := bc.forker.ReorgNeeded(current, lastBlock.Header())
 	if err != nil {
-		return it.index, err
+		return nil, it.index, err
 	}
 
 	isValid, err := bc.forker.ValidateReorg(current, headers)
 	if err != nil {
-		return it.index, err
+		return nil, it.index, err
 	}
 
 	if !reorg || !isValid {
 		localTd := bc.GetTd(current.Hash(), current.Number.Uint64())
 		log.Info("Sidechain written to disk", "start", it.first().NumberU64(), "end", it.previous().Number, "sidetd", externTd, "localtd", localTd)
 
-		return it.index, err
+		return nil, it.index, err
 	}
 	// Gather all the sidechain hashes (full blocks may be memory heavy)
 	var (
@@ -2701,7 +2739,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 	for parent != nil && !bc.HasState(parent.Root) {
 		if bc.stateRecoverable(parent.Root) {
 			if err := bc.triedb.Recover(parent.Root); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
+				return nil, 0, err
 			}
 			break
 		}
@@ -2712,7 +2750,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 	}
 
 	if parent == nil {
-		return it.index, errors.New("missing parent")
+		return nil, it.index, errors.New("missing parent")
 	}
 	// Import all the pruned blocks to make the state available
 	var (
@@ -2732,8 +2770,8 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 		// memory here.
 		if len(blocks) >= 2048 || memory > 64*1024*1024 {
 			log.Info("Importing heavy sidechain segment", "blocks", len(blocks), "start", blocks[0].NumberU64(), "end", block.NumberU64())
-			if _, err := bc.insertChain(blocks, true); err != nil {
+			if _, _, err := bc.insertChain(blocks, true, false); err != nil {
-				return 0, err
+				return nil, 0, err
 			}
 
 			blocks, memory = blocks[:0], 0
@@ -2741,24 +2779,23 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertSideChain(block *types.Block, it *insertIterator) (i
 			// If the chain is terminating, stop processing blocks
 			if bc.insertStopped() {
 				log.Debug("Abort during blocks processing")
-				return 0, nil
+				return nil, 0, nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if len(blocks) > 0 {
 		log.Info("Importing sidechain segment", "start", blocks[0].NumberU64(), "end", blocks[len(blocks)-1].NumberU64())
-		return bc.insertChain(blocks, true)
+		return bc.insertChain(blocks, true, makeWitness)
 	}
-
+	return nil, 0, nil
-	return 0, nil
 }
 
 // recoverAncestors finds the closest ancestor with available state and re-execute
 // all the ancestor blocks since that.
 // recoverAncestors is only used post-merge.
 // We return the hash of the latest block that we could correctly validate.
-func (bc *BlockChain) recoverAncestors(block *types.Block) (common.Hash, error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) recoverAncestors(block *types.Block, makeWitness bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 	// Gather all the sidechain hashes (full blocks may be memory heavy)
 	var (
 		hashes  []common.Hash
@@ -2801,7 +2838,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) recoverAncestors(block *types.Block) (common.Hash, error)
 		} else {
 			b = bc.GetBlock(hashes[i], numbers[i])
 		}
-		if _, err := bc.insertChain(types.Blocks{b}, false); err != nil {
+		if _, _, err := bc.insertChain(types.Blocks{b}, false, makeWitness && i == 0); err != nil {
 			return b.ParentHash(), err
 		}
 	}
@@ -3122,14 +3159,14 @@ func ExportN(w io.Writer, blocks []*types.Block) error {
 // The key difference between the InsertChain is it won't do the canonical chain
 // updating. It relies on the additional SetCanonical call to finalize the entire
 // procedure.
-func (bc *BlockChain) InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(block *types.Block) error {
+func (bc *BlockChain) InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(block *types.Block, makeWitness bool) (*stateless.Witness, error) {
 	if !bc.chainmu.TryLock() {
-		return errChainStopped
+		return nil, errChainStopped
 	}
 	defer bc.chainmu.Unlock()
 
-	_, err := bc.insertChain(types.Blocks{block}, false)
+	witness, _, err := bc.insertChain(types.Blocks{block}, false, makeWitness)
-	return err
+	return witness, err
 }
 
 // SetCanonical rewinds the chain to set the new head block as the specified
@@ -3143,7 +3180,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) SetCanonical(head *types.Block) (common.Hash, error) {
 
 	// Re-execute the reorged chain in case the head state is missing.
 	if !bc.HasState(head.Root()) {
-		if latestValidHash, err := bc.recoverAncestors(head); err != nil {
+		if latestValidHash, err := bc.recoverAncestors(head, false); err != nil {
 			return latestValidHash, err
 		}
 
@@ -3230,7 +3267,11 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) skipBlock(err error, it *insertIterator) bool {
 }
 
 // reportBlock logs a bad block error.
-func (bc *BlockChain) reportBlock(block *types.Block, receipts types.Receipts, err error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) reportBlock(block *types.Block, res *ProcessResult, err error) {
+	var receipts types.Receipts
+	if res != nil {
+		receipts = res.Receipts
+	}
 	rawdb.WriteBadBlock(bc.db, block)
 	log.Error(summarizeBadBlock(block, receipts, bc.Config(), err))
 }
@@ -3281,7 +3322,6 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header) (int, error) {
 	}
 	defer bc.chainmu.Unlock()
 	_, err := bc.hc.InsertHeaderChain(chain, start, bc.forker)
-
 	return 0, err
 }
 

core/blockchain_reader.go

@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *big.Int {
 
 // HasState checks if state trie is fully present in the database or not.
 func (bc *BlockChain) HasState(hash common.Hash) bool {
-	_, err := bc.stateCache.OpenTrie(hash)
+	_, err := bc.statedb.OpenTrie(hash)
 	return err == nil
 }
 
@@ -377,12 +377,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) stateRecoverable(root common.Hash) bool {
 // If the code doesn't exist in the in-memory cache, check the storage with
 // new code scheme.
 func (bc *BlockChain) ContractCodeWithPrefix(hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
-	type codeReader interface {
-		ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
-	}
 	// TODO(rjl493456442) The associated account address is also required
 	// in Verkle scheme. Fix it once snap-sync is supported for Verkle.
-	return bc.stateCache.(codeReader).ContractCodeWithPrefix(common.Address{}, hash)
+	return bc.statedb.ContractCodeWithPrefix(common.Address{}, hash)
 }
 
 // State returns a new mutable state based on the current HEAD block.
@@ -392,7 +389,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error) {
 
 // StateAt returns a new mutable state based on a particular point in time.
 func (bc *BlockChain) StateAt(root common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error) {
-	return state.New(root, bc.stateCache, bc.snaps)
+	return state.New(root, bc.statedb)
 }
 
 // Config retrieves the chain's fork configuration.
@@ -418,7 +415,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) Processor() Processor {
 
 // StateCache returns the caching database underpinning the blockchain instance.
 func (bc *BlockChain) StateCache() state.Database {
-	return bc.stateCache
+	return bc.statedb
 }
 
 // GasLimit returns the gas limit of the current HEAD block.

core/blockchain_repair_test.go

@@ -1797,8 +1797,8 @@ func testRepair(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool) {
 
 func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme string) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump(true))
+	// fmt.Println(tt.dump(false))
 
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
 	datadir := t.TempDir()
@@ -1952,7 +1952,7 @@ func TestIssue23496(t *testing.T) {
 
 func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	//log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
 
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
 	datadir := t.TempDir()

core/blockchain_sethead_test.go

@@ -1961,7 +1961,7 @@ func testSetHead(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool) {
 
 func testSetHeadWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme string) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
 	// fmt.Println(tt.dump(false))
 
 	// Create a temporary persistent database
@@ -2042,7 +2042,7 @@ func testSetHeadWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme
 		dbconfig.HashDB = hashdb.Defaults
 	}
 	chain.triedb = triedb.NewDatabase(chain.db, dbconfig)
-	chain.stateCache = state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(chain.db, chain.triedb)
+	chain.statedb = state.NewDatabase(chain.triedb, chain.snaps)
 
 	// Force run a freeze cycle
 	type freezer interface {

core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go

@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ type snapshotTest struct {
 
 func (snaptest *snapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump())
+	// fmt.Println(snaptest.dump())
 	chain, blocks := snaptest.prepare(t)
 
 	// Restart the chain normally
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ type crashSnapshotTest struct {
 
 func (snaptest *crashSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump())
+	// fmt.Println(snaptest.dump())
 	chain, blocks := snaptest.prepare(t)
 
 	// Pull the plug on the database, simulating a hard crash
@@ -303,8 +303,8 @@ type gappedSnapshotTest struct {
 
 func (snaptest *gappedSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump())
+	// fmt.Println(snaptest.dump())
 	chain, blocks := snaptest.prepare(t)
 
 	// Insert blocks without enabling snapshot if gapping is required.
@@ -347,8 +347,8 @@ type setHeadSnapshotTest struct {
 
 func (snaptest *setHeadSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump())
+	// fmt.Println(snaptest.dump())
 	chain, blocks := snaptest.prepare(t)
 
 	// Rewind the chain if setHead operation is required.
@@ -376,8 +376,8 @@ type wipeCrashSnapshotTest struct {
 
 func (snaptest *wipeCrashSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	// It's hard to follow the test case, visualize the input
-	// log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlTrace, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
-	// fmt.Println(tt.dump())
+	// fmt.Println(snaptest.dump())
 	chain, blocks := snaptest.prepare(t)
 
 	// Firstly, stop the chain properly, with all snapshot journal

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"math/big"
 	"math/rand"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -170,15 +171,23 @@ func testBlockChainImport(chain types.Blocks, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
 
 			return err
 		}
-
+		_, err = state.New(blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Root(), blockchain.statedb)
-		receipts, _, usedGas, statedb, _, err := blockchain.ProcessBlock(block, blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Header())
-
 		if err != nil {
-			blockchain.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
 			return err
 		}
-		if err = blockchain.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, receipts, usedGas, false); err != nil {
+		receipts, logs, usedGas, statedb, _, err := blockchain.ProcessBlock(block, blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Header())
-			blockchain.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
+		res := &ProcessResult{
+			Receipts: receipts,
+			Logs:     logs,
+			GasUsed:  usedGas,
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			blockchain.reportBlock(block, res, err)
+			return err
+		}
+		err = blockchain.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, res, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			blockchain.reportBlock(block, res, err)
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -225,8 +234,8 @@ func testParallelBlockChainImport(t *testing.T, scheme string, enforceParallelPr
 type AlwaysFailParallelStateProcessor struct {
 }
 
-func (p *AlwaysFailParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (types.Receipts, []*types.Log, uint64, error) {
+func (p *AlwaysFailParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (*ProcessResult, error) {
-	return nil, nil, 0, errors.New("always fail")
+	return nil, errors.New("always fail")
 }
 
 type SlowSerialStateProcessor struct {
@@ -237,7 +246,7 @@ func NewSlowSerialStateProcessor(s Processor) *SlowSerialStateProcessor {
 	return &SlowSerialStateProcessor{s: s}
 }
 
-func (p *SlowSerialStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (types.Receipts, []*types.Log, uint64, error) {
+func (p *SlowSerialStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (*ProcessResult, error) {
 	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
 	return p.s.Process(block, statedb, cfg, interruptCtx)
 }
@@ -1442,7 +1451,6 @@ func testSideLogRebirth(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(sideChain); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to insert forked chain: %v", err)
 	}
-
 	checkLogEvents(t, newLogCh, rmLogsCh, 0, 0)
 
 	// Generate a new block based on side chain.
@@ -1450,7 +1458,6 @@ func testSideLogRebirth(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(newBlocks); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to insert forked chain: %v", err)
 	}
-
 	checkLogEvents(t, newLogCh, rmLogsCh, 1, 0)
 }
 
@@ -2005,7 +2012,6 @@ func testLargeReorgTrieGC(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if _, err := chain.InsertChain(competitor[:len(competitor)-2]); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to insert competitor chain: %v", err)
 	}
-
 	for i, block := range competitor[:len(competitor)-2] {
 		if chain.HasState(block.Root()) {
 			t.Fatalf("competitor %d: low TD chain became processed", i)
@@ -2376,9 +2382,9 @@ func testSideImport(t *testing.T, numCanonBlocksInSidechain, blocksBetweenCommon
 //	[ Cn, Cn+1, Cc, Sn+3 ... Sm]
 //	^    ^    ^  pruned
 func TestPrunedImportSide(t *testing.T) {
-	//glogger := log.NewGlogHandler(log.StreamHandler(os.Stdout, log.TerminalFormat(false)))
+	// glogger := log.NewGlogHandler(log.NewTerminalHandler(os.Stderr, false))
 	// glogger.Verbosity(3)
-	//log.Root().SetHandler(log.Handler(glogger))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(glogger))
 	testSideImport(t, 3, 3, -1)
 	testSideImport(t, 3, -3, -1)
 	testSideImport(t, 10, 0, -1)
@@ -2387,9 +2393,9 @@ func TestPrunedImportSide(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestPrunedImportSideWithMerging(t *testing.T) {
-	//glogger := log.NewGlogHandler(log.StreamHandler(os.Stdout, log.TerminalFormat(false)))
+	// glogger := log.NewGlogHandler(log.NewTerminalHandler(os.Stderr, false))
 	// glogger.Verbosity(3)
-	//log.Root().SetHandler(log.Handler(glogger))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(glogger))
 	testSideImport(t, 3, 3, 0)
 	testSideImport(t, 3, -3, 0)
 	testSideImport(t, 10, 0, 0)
@@ -3049,7 +3055,21 @@ func testSideImportPrunedBlocks(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	// Generate and import the canonical chain
 	_, blocks, _ := GenerateChainWithGenesis(genesis, engine, 2*state.TriesInMemory, nil)
 
-	chain, err := NewBlockChain(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(scheme), genesis, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
+	// Construct a database with freezer enabled
+	datadir := t.TempDir()
+	ancient := path.Join(datadir, "ancient")
+
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.OpenOptions{
+		Directory:         datadir,
+		AncientsDirectory: ancient,
+		Ephemeral:         true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent database: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	chain, err := NewBlockChain(db, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(scheme), genesis, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create tester chain: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -3972,7 +3992,7 @@ func TestSetCanonical(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func testSetCanonical(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
-	//log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlDebug, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
+	// log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
 
 	var (
 		key, _  = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
@@ -4024,7 +4044,7 @@ func testSetCanonical(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	})
 
 	for _, block := range side {
-		err := chain.InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(block)
+		_, err := chain.InsertBlockWithoutSetHead(block, false)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("Failed to insert into chain: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -4583,7 +4603,6 @@ func TestEIP3651(t *testing.T) {
 		b.AddTx(tx)
 	})
 	chain, err := NewBlockChain(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), nil, gspec, nil, engine, vm.Config{Tracer: logger.NewMarkdownLogger(&logger.Config{}, os.Stderr).Hooks()}, nil, nil, nil)
-
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create tester chain: %v", err)
 	}

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -360,7 +360,18 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 			gen(i, b)
 		}
 
-		body := types.Body{Transactions: b.txs, Uncles: b.uncles, Withdrawals: b.withdrawals}
+		var requests types.Requests
+		if config.IsPrague(b.header.Number) && config.Bor == nil {
+			for _, r := range b.receipts {
+				d, err := ParseDepositLogs(r.Logs, config)
+				if err != nil {
+					panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to parse deposit log: %v", err))
+				}
+				requests = append(requests, d...)
+			}
+		}
+
+		body := types.Body{Transactions: b.txs, Uncles: b.uncles, Withdrawals: b.withdrawals, Requests: requests}
 		block, err := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(cm, b.header, statedb, &body, b.receipts)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
@@ -382,7 +393,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 	defer triedb.Close()
 
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabase(triedb, nil))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
@@ -483,15 +494,14 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("trie write error: %v", err))
 		}
 
-		// TODO uncomment when proof generation is merged
+		proofs = append(proofs, block.ExecutionWitness().VerkleProof)
-		// proofs = append(proofs, block.ExecutionWitness().VerkleProof)
+		keyvals = append(keyvals, block.ExecutionWitness().StateDiff)
-		// keyvals = append(keyvals, block.ExecutionWitness().StateDiff)
 
 		return block, b.receipts
 	}
 
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, trdb), nil)
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabase(trdb, nil))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}

core/dao_test.go

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ func TestDAOForkRangeExtradata(t *testing.T) {
 		BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
 		Config:  &proConf,
 	}
-
 	proBc, _ := NewBlockChain(proDb, nil, progspec, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
 	defer proBc.Stop()
 
@@ -63,7 +62,6 @@ func TestDAOForkRangeExtradata(t *testing.T) {
 		BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
 		Config:  &conConf,
 	}
-
 	conBc, _ := NewBlockChain(conDb, nil, congspec, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil, nil)
 	defer conBc.Stop()
 

core/forkid/forkid_test.go

@@ -81,25 +81,6 @@ func TestCreation(t *testing.T) {
 				// {50000000, 2000000000, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x9f3d2254), Next: 0}},          // Future Cancun block
 			},
 		},
-		// Goerli test cases
-		{
-			params.GoerliChainConfig,
-			core.DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock().ToBlock(),
-			[]testcase{
-				{0, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xa3f5ab08), Next: 1561651}},       // Unsynced, last Frontier, Homestead, Tangerine, Spurious, Byzantium, Constantinople and first Petersburg block
-				{1561650, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xa3f5ab08), Next: 1561651}}, // Last Petersburg block
-				{1561651, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xc25efa5c), Next: 4460644}}, // First Istanbul block
-				{4460643, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xc25efa5c), Next: 4460644}}, // Last Istanbul block
-				{4460644, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x757a1c47), Next: 5062605}}, // First Berlin block
-				{5000000, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x757a1c47), Next: 5062605}}, // Last Berlin block
-				// {5062605, 0, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xB8C6299D), Next: 1678832736}}, // First London block
-				// {6000000, 1678832735, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xB8C6299D), Next: 1678832736}}, // Last London block
-				// {6000001, 1678832736, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xf9843abf), Next: 1705473120}}, // First Shanghai block
-				// {6500002, 1705473119, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0xf9843abf), Next: 1705473120}}, // Last Shanghai block
-				// {6500003, 1705473120, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x70cc14e2), Next: 0}},          // First Cancun block
-				// {6500003, 2705473120, ID{Hash: checksumToBytes(0x70cc14e2), Next: 0}},          // Future Cancun block
-			},
-		},
 		// Sepolia test cases
 		{
 			params.SepoliaChainConfig,

core/genesis.go

@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 	}
 	// Create an ephemeral in-memory database for computing hash,
 	// all the derived states will be discarded to not pollute disk.
-	db := state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), config)
+	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, db, nil)
+	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabase(triedb.NewDatabase(db, config), nil))
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
@@ -161,13 +161,12 @@ func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 	return statedb.Commit(0, false)
 }
 
-// flushAlloc is very similar with hash, but the main difference is all the generated
+// flushAlloc is very similar with hash, but the main difference is all the
-// states will be persisted into the given database. Also, the genesis state
+// generated states will be persisted into the given database.
-// specification will be flushed as well.
+func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, triedb *triedb.Database) (common.Hash, error) {
-func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database, blockhash common.Hash) error {
+	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabase(triedb, nil))
-	statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
 
 	for addr, account := range *ga {
@@ -185,23 +184,15 @@ func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Databa
 	}
 	root, err := statedb.Commit(0, false)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
 	// Commit newly generated states into disk if it's not empty.
 	if root != types.EmptyRootHash {
 		if err := triedb.Commit(root, true); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return common.Hash{}, err
 		}
 	}
-	// Marshal the genesis state specification and persist.
+	return root, nil
-	blob, err := json.Marshal(ga)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	rawdb.WriteGenesisStateSpec(db, blockhash, blob)
-
-	return nil
 }
 
 func getGenesisState(db ethdb.Database, blockhash common.Hash) (alloc types.GenesisAlloc, err error) {
@@ -223,8 +214,6 @@ func getGenesisState(db ethdb.Database, blockhash common.Hash) (alloc types.Gene
 	switch blockhash {
 	case params.MainnetGenesisHash:
 		genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
-	case params.GoerliGenesisHash:
-		genesis = DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock()
 	case params.SepoliaGenesisHash:
 		genesis = DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
 	case params.HoleskyGenesisHash:
@@ -464,7 +453,11 @@ func (g *Genesis) ToBlock() *types.Block {
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}
+	return g.toBlockWithRoot(root)
+}
 
+// toBlockWithRoot constructs the genesis block with the given genesis state root.
+func (g *Genesis) toBlockWithRoot(root common.Hash) *types.Block {
 	head := &types.Header{
 		Number:     new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Number),
 		Nonce:      types.EncodeNonce(g.Nonce),
@@ -494,28 +487,43 @@ func (g *Genesis) ToBlock() *types.Block {
 			head.BaseFee = new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.InitialBaseFee)
 		}
 	}
-
+	var (
-	var withdrawals []*types.Withdrawal
+		withdrawals []*types.Withdrawal
+		requests    types.Requests
+	)
 	if conf := g.Config; conf != nil {
 		num := big.NewInt(int64(g.Number))
 		if conf.IsShanghai(num) {
-			head.WithdrawalsHash = nil
+			head.WithdrawalsHash = &types.EmptyWithdrawalsHash
-			withdrawals = nil
+			withdrawals = make([]*types.Withdrawal, 0)
 		}
 		if conf.IsCancun(num) {
-			head.ParentBeaconRoot = nil
+			// EIP-4788: The parentBeaconBlockRoot of the genesis block is always
-			head.ExcessBlobGas = nil
+			// the zero hash. This is because the genesis block does not have a parent
-			head.BlobGasUsed = nil
+			// by definition.
+			head.ParentBeaconRoot = new(common.Hash)
+			// EIP-4844 fields
+			head.ExcessBlobGas = g.ExcessBlobGas
+			head.BlobGasUsed = g.BlobGasUsed
+			if head.ExcessBlobGas == nil {
+				head.ExcessBlobGas = new(uint64)
+			}
+			if head.BlobGasUsed == nil {
+				head.BlobGasUsed = new(uint64)
 			}
 		}
-	return types.NewBlock(head, &types.Body{Withdrawals: withdrawals}, nil, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
+		if conf.IsPrague(num) {
+			head.RequestsHash = &types.EmptyRequestsHash
+			requests = make(types.Requests, 0)
+		}
+	}
+	return types.NewBlock(head, &types.Body{Withdrawals: withdrawals, Requests: requests}, nil, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
 }
 
 // Commit writes the block and state of a genesis specification to the database.
 // The block is committed as the canonical head block.
 func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) (*types.Block, error) {
-	block := g.ToBlock()
+	if g.Number != 0 {
-	if block.Number().Sign() != 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("can't commit genesis block with number > 0")
 	}
 	config := g.Config
@@ -525,15 +533,22 @@ func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) (*types.Blo
 	if err := config.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if config.Clique != nil && len(block.Extra()) < 32+crypto.SignatureLength {
+	if config.Clique != nil && len(g.ExtraData) < 32+crypto.SignatureLength {
 		return nil, errors.New("can't start clique chain without signers")
 	}
-	// All the checks has passed, flushAlloc the states derived from the genesis
+	// flush the data to disk and compute the state root
-	// specification as well as the specification itself into the provided
+	root, err := flushAlloc(&g.Alloc, triedb)
-	// database.
+	if err != nil {
-	if err := flushAlloc(&g.Alloc, db, triedb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	block := g.toBlockWithRoot(root)
+
+	// Marshal the genesis state specification and persist.
+	blob, err := json.Marshal(g.Alloc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	rawdb.WriteGenesisStateSpec(db, block.Hash(), blob)
 	rawdb.WriteTd(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), block.Difficulty())
 	rawdb.WriteBlock(db, block)
 	rawdb.WriteReceipts(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), nil)
@@ -577,18 +592,6 @@ func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
 	}
 }
 
-// DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock returns the Görli network genesis block.
-func DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
-	return &Genesis{
-		Config:     params.GoerliChainConfig,
-		Timestamp:  1548854791,
-		ExtraData:  hexutil.MustDecode("0x22466c6578692069732061207468696e6722202d204166726900000000000000e0a2bd4258d2768837baa26a28fe71dc079f84c70000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
-		GasLimit:   10485760,
-		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
-		Alloc:      decodePrealloc(goerliAllocData),
-	}
-}
-
 // DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock returns the Sepolia network genesis block.
 func DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
 	return &Genesis{
@@ -679,6 +682,8 @@ func DeveloperGenesisBlock(gasLimit uint64, faucet *common.Address) *Genesis {
 			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{9}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // BLAKE2b
 			// Pre-deploy EIP-4788 system contract
 			params.BeaconRootsAddress: {Nonce: 1, Code: params.BeaconRootsCode, Balance: common.Big0},
+			// Pre-deploy EIP-2935 history contract.
+			params.HistoryStorageAddress: {Nonce: 1, Code: params.HistoryStorageCode, Balance: common.Big0},
 		},
 	}
 	if faucet != nil {

core/genesis_test.go

@@ -35,15 +35,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb/pathdb"
 )
 
-func TestInvalidCliqueConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	block := DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock()
-	block.ExtraData = []byte{}
-	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-	if _, err := block.Commit(db, triedb.NewDatabase(db, nil)); err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("Expected error on invalid clique config")
-	}
-}
-
 func TestSetupGenesis(t *testing.T) {
 	testSetupGenesis(t, rawdb.HashScheme)
 	testSetupGenesis(t, rawdb.PathScheme)
@@ -106,15 +97,15 @@ func testSetupGenesis(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 			wantConfig: customg.Config,
 		},
 		{
-			name: "custom block in DB, genesis == goerli",
+			name: "custom block in DB, genesis == sepolia",
 			fn: func(db ethdb.Database) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
 				tdb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, newDbConfig(scheme))
 				customg.Commit(db, tdb)
-				return SetupGenesisBlock(db, tdb, DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock())
+				return SetupGenesisBlock(db, tdb, DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock())
 			},
-			wantErr:    &GenesisMismatchError{Stored: customghash, New: params.GoerliGenesisHash},
+			wantErr:    &GenesisMismatchError{Stored: customghash, New: params.SepoliaGenesisHash},
-			wantHash:   params.GoerliGenesisHash,
+			wantHash:   params.SepoliaGenesisHash,
-			wantConfig: params.GoerliChainConfig,
+			wantConfig: params.SepoliaChainConfig,
 		},
 		{
 			name: "compatible config in DB",
@@ -187,7 +178,6 @@ func TestGenesisHashes(t *testing.T) {
 		want    common.Hash
 	}{
 		{DefaultGenesisBlock(), params.MainnetGenesisHash},
-		{DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock(), params.GoerliGenesisHash},
 		{DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock(), params.SepoliaGenesisHash},
 	} {
 		// Test via MustCommit
@@ -313,7 +303,7 @@ func TestVerkleGenesisCommit(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	expected := common.FromHex("14398d42be3394ff8d50681816a4b7bf8d8283306f577faba2d5bc57498de23b")
+	expected := common.FromHex("4a83dc39eb688dbcfaf581d60e82de18f875e38786ebce5833342011d6fef37b")
 	got := genesis.ToBlock().Root().Bytes()
 	if !bytes.Equal(got, expected) {
 		t.Fatalf("invalid genesis state root, expected %x, got %x", expected, got)

core/parallel_state_processor.go

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ var parallelizabilityTimer = metrics.NewRegisteredTimer("block/parallelizability
 // returns the amount of gas that was used in the process. If any of the
 // transactions failed to execute due to insufficient gas it will return an error.
 // nolint:gocognit
-func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (types.Receipts, []*types.Log, uint64, error) {
+func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg vm.Config, interruptCtx context.Context) (*ProcessResult, error) {
 	var (
 		receipts    types.Receipts
 		header      = block.Header()
@@ -301,13 +301,18 @@ func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.Stat
 	}
 
 	blockContext := NewEVMBlockContext(header, p.bc, nil)
+	context := NewEVMBlockContext(header, p.bc.hc, nil)
+	vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, vm.TxContext{}, statedb, p.config, cfg)
 
+	if p.config.IsPrague(block.Number()) {
+		ProcessParentBlockHash(block.ParentHash(), vmenv, statedb)
+	}
 	// Iterate over and process the individual transactions
 	for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
 		msg, err := TransactionToMessage(tx, types.MakeSigner(p.config, header.Number, header.Time), header.BaseFee)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("error creating message", "err", err)
-			return nil, nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("could not apply tx %d [%v]: %w", i, tx.Hash().Hex(), err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not apply tx %d [%v]: %w", i, tx.Hash().Hex(), err)
 		}
 
 		cleansdb := statedb.Copy()
@@ -386,13 +391,27 @@ func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.Stat
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, 0, err
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Read requests if Prague is enabled.
+	var requests types.Requests
+	if p.config.IsPrague(block.Number()) && p.config.Bor == nil {
+		requests, err = ParseDepositLogs(allLogs, p.config)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Finalize the block, applying any consensus engine specific extras (e.g. block rewards)
 	p.engine.Finalize(p.bc, header, statedb, block.Body())
 
-	return receipts, allLogs, *usedGas, nil
+	return &ProcessResult{
+		Receipts: receipts,
+		Requests: requests,
+		Logs:     allLogs,
+		GasUsed:  *usedGas,
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func GetDeps(txDependency [][]uint64) map[int][]int {

core/rawdb/accessors_trie.go

@@ -303,6 +303,10 @@ func ParseStateScheme(provided string, disk ethdb.Database) (string, error) {
 		log.Info("State scheme set to already existing", "scheme", stored)
 		return stored, nil // reuse scheme of persistent scheme
 	}
+	// If state scheme is specified, ensure it's valid.
+	if provided != HashScheme && provided != PathScheme {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid state scheme %s", provided)
+	}
 	// If state scheme is specified, ensure it's compatible with
 	// persistent state.
 	if stored == "" || provided == stored {

core/rawdb/database.go

@@ -164,12 +164,6 @@ func (db *nofreezedb) ReadAncients(fn func(reader ethdb.AncientReaderOp) error)
 	return fn(db)
 }
 
-// MigrateTable processes the entries in a given table in sequence
-// converting them to a new format if they're of an old format.
-func (db *nofreezedb) MigrateTable(kind string, convert convertLegacyFn) error {
-	return errNotSupported
-}
-
 // AncientDatadir returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
 func (db *nofreezedb) AncientDatadir() (string, error) {
 	return "", errNotSupported

core/rawdb/freezer.go

@@ -54,13 +54,11 @@ var (
 // freezerTableSize defines the maximum size of freezer data files.
 const freezerTableSize = 2 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000
 
-// Freezer is a memory mapped append-only database to store immutable ordered
+// Freezer is an append-only database to store immutable ordered data into
-// data into flat files:
+// flat files:
 //
 // - The append-only nature ensures that disk writes are minimized.
-//   - The memory mapping ensures we can max out system memory for caching without
+// - The in-order data ensures that disk reads are always optimized.
-//     reserving it for go-ethereum. This would also reduce the memory requirements
-//     of Geth, and thus also GC overhead.
 type Freezer struct {
 	frozen atomic.Uint64 // Number of items already frozen
 	tail   atomic.Uint64 // Number of the first stored item in the freezer
@@ -162,7 +160,7 @@ func NewFreezer(datadir string, namespace string, readonly bool, offset uint64,
 	return freezer, nil
 }
 
-// Close terminates the chain freezer, unmapping all the data files.
+// Close terminates the chain freezer, closing all the data files.
 func (f *Freezer) Close() error {
 	f.writeLock.Lock()
 	defer f.writeLock.Unlock()

core/rawdb/freezer_memory.go

@@ -413,13 +413,6 @@ func (f *MemoryFreezer) Sync() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// MigrateTable processes and migrates entries of a given table to a new format.
-// The second argument is a function that takes a raw entry and returns it
-// in the newest format.
-func (f *MemoryFreezer) MigrateTable(string, func([]byte) ([]byte, error)) error {
-	return errors.New("not implemented")
-}
-
 // Close releases all the sources held by the memory freezer. It will panic if
 // any following invocation is made to a closed freezer.
 func (f *MemoryFreezer) Close() error {

core/rawdb/freezer_resettable.go

@@ -219,15 +219,6 @@ func (f *resettableFreezer) Sync() error {
 	return f.freezer.Sync()
 }
 
-// MigrateTable processes the entries in a given table in sequence
-// converting them to a new format if they're of an old format.
-func (f *resettableFreezer) MigrateTable(kind string, convert convertLegacyFn) error {
-	f.lock.RLock()
-	defer f.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	return f.freezer.MigrateTable(kind, convert)
-}
-
 // cleanup removes the directory located in the specified path
 // has the name with deletion marker suffix.
 func cleanup(path string) error {

core/rawdb/freezer_test.go

@@ -22,8 +22,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"math/rand"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -418,99 +416,6 @@ func checkAncientCount(t *testing.T, f *Freezer, kind string, n uint64) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRenameWindows(t *testing.T) {
-	var (
-		fname   = "file.bin"
-		fname2  = "file2.bin"
-		data    = []byte{1, 2, 3, 4}
-		data2   = []byte{2, 3, 4, 5}
-		data3   = []byte{3, 5, 6, 7}
-		dataLen = 4
-	)
-
-	// Create 2 temp dirs
-	dir1 := t.TempDir()
-	dir2 := t.TempDir()
-
-	// Create file in dir1 and fill with data
-	f, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir1, fname))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	f2, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir1, fname2))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	f3, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir2, fname2))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if _, err := f.Write(data); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if _, err := f2.Write(data2); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if _, err := f3.Write(data3); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := f2.Close(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := f3.Close(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if err := os.Rename(f.Name(), filepath.Join(dir2, fname)); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if err := os.Rename(f2.Name(), filepath.Join(dir2, fname2)); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// Check file contents
-	f, err = os.Open(filepath.Join(dir2, fname))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	defer f.Close()
-	defer os.Remove(f.Name())
-
-	buf := make([]byte, dataLen)
-	if _, err := f.Read(buf); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if !bytes.Equal(buf, data) {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected file contents. Got %v\n", buf)
-	}
-
-	f, err = os.Open(filepath.Join(dir2, fname2))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	defer f.Close()
-	defer os.Remove(f.Name())
-
-	if _, err := f.Read(buf); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if !bytes.Equal(buf, data2) {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected file contents. Got %v\n", buf)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestFreezerCloseSync(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

core/rawdb/table.go

@@ -123,12 +123,6 @@ func (t *table) Sync() error {
 	return t.db.Sync()
 }
 
-// MigrateTable processes the entries in a given table in sequence
-// converting them to a new format if they're of an old format.
-func (t *table) MigrateTable(kind string, convert convertLegacyFn) error {
-	return t.db.MigrateTable(kind, convert)
-}
-
 // AncientDatadir returns the ancient datadir of the underlying database.
 func (t *table) AncientDatadir() (string, error) {
 	return t.db.AncientDatadir()

core/state/access_events.go

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ import (
 
 // mode specifies how a tree location has been accessed
 // for the byte value:
-// * the first bit is set if the branch has been edited
+// * the first bit is set if the branch has been read
-// * the second bit is set if the branch has been read
+// * the second bit is set if the branch has been edited
 type mode byte
 
 const (
@@ -94,11 +94,8 @@ func (ae *AccessEvents) Copy() *AccessEvents {
 // member fields of an account.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) AddAccount(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
 	var gas uint64
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, isWrite)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, isWrite)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, isWrite)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, isWrite)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.NonceLeafKey, isWrite)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeKeccakLeafKey, isWrite)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeSizeLeafKey, isWrite)
 	return gas
 }
 
@@ -107,8 +104,7 @@ func (ae *AccessEvents) AddAccount(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
 // call to that account.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) MessageCallGas(destination common.Address) uint64 {
 	var gas uint64
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(destination, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, false)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(destination, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, false)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(destination, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeSizeLeafKey, false)
 	return gas
 }
 
@@ -116,41 +112,43 @@ func (ae *AccessEvents) MessageCallGas(destination common.Address) uint64 {
 // cold balance member fields of the caller and the callee accounts.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) ValueTransferGas(callerAddr, targetAddr common.Address) uint64 {
 	var gas uint64
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(callerAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, true)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(callerAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, true)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(targetAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, true)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(targetAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, true)
+	return gas
+}
+
+// ContractCreateCPreheck charges access costs before
+// a contract creation is initiated. It is just reads, because the
+// address collision is done before the transfer, and so no write
+// are guaranteed to happen at this point.
+func (ae *AccessEvents) ContractCreatePreCheckGas(addr common.Address) uint64 {
+	var gas uint64
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, false)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, false)
 	return gas
 }
 
 // ContractCreateInitGas returns the access gas costs for the initialization of
 // a contract creation.
-func (ae *AccessEvents) ContractCreateInitGas(addr common.Address, createSendsValue bool) uint64 {
+func (ae *AccessEvents) ContractCreateInitGas(addr common.Address) uint64 {
 	var gas uint64
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, true)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, true)
-	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.NonceLeafKey, true)
+	gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, true)
-	if createSendsValue {
-		gas += ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, true)
-	}
 	return gas
 }
 
 // AddTxOrigin adds the member fields of the sender account to the access event list,
 // so that cold accesses are not charged, since they are covered by the 21000 gas.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) AddTxOrigin(originAddr common.Address) {
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, false)
+	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, true)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, true)
+	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, false)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.NonceLeafKey, true)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeKeccakLeafKey, false)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(originAddr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeSizeLeafKey, false)
 }
 
 // AddTxDestination adds the member fields of the sender account to the access event list,
 // so that cold accesses are not charged, since they are covered by the 21000 gas.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) AddTxDestination(addr common.Address, sendsValue bool) {
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, false)
+	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, sendsValue)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, sendsValue)
+	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, false)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.NonceLeafKey, false)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeKeccakLeafKey, false)
-	ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeSizeLeafKey, false)
 }
 
 // SlotGas returns the amount of gas to be charged for a cold storage access.
@@ -275,39 +273,12 @@ func (ae *AccessEvents) CodeChunksRangeGas(contractAddr common.Address, startPC,
 	return statelessGasCharged
 }
 
-// VersionGas adds the account's version to the accessed data, and returns the
+// BasicDataGas adds the account's basic data to the accessed data, and returns the
 // amount of gas that it costs.
 // Note that an access in write mode implies an access in read mode, whereas an
 // access in read mode does not imply an access in write mode.
-func (ae *AccessEvents) VersionGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
+func (ae *AccessEvents) BasicDataGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
-	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.VersionLeafKey, isWrite)
+	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BasicDataLeafKey, isWrite)
-}
-
-// BalanceGas adds the account's balance to the accessed data, and returns the
-// amount of gas that it costs.
-// in write mode. If false, the charged gas corresponds to an access in read mode.
-// Note that an access in write mode implies an access in read mode, whereas an access in
-// read mode does not imply an access in write mode.
-func (ae *AccessEvents) BalanceGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
-	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.BalanceLeafKey, isWrite)
-}
-
-// NonceGas adds the account's nonce to the accessed data, and returns the
-// amount of gas that it costs.
-// in write mode. If false, the charged gas corresponds to an access in read mode.
-// Note that an access in write mode implies an access in read mode, whereas an access in
-// read mode does not imply an access in write mode.
-func (ae *AccessEvents) NonceGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
-	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.NonceLeafKey, isWrite)
-}
-
-// CodeSizeGas adds the account's code size to the accessed data, and returns the
-// amount of gas that it costs.
-// in write mode. If false, the charged gas corresponds to an access in read mode.
-// Note that an access in write mode implies an access in read mode, whereas an access in
-// read mode does not imply an access in write mode.
-func (ae *AccessEvents) CodeSizeGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
-	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeSizeLeafKey, isWrite)
 }
 
 // CodeHashGas adds the account's code hash to the accessed data, and returns the
@@ -316,5 +287,5 @@ func (ae *AccessEvents) CodeSizeGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
 // Note that an access in write mode implies an access in read mode, whereas an access in
 // read mode does not imply an access in write mode.
 func (ae *AccessEvents) CodeHashGas(addr common.Address, isWrite bool) uint64 {
-	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeKeccakLeafKey, isWrite)
+	return ae.touchAddressAndChargeGas(addr, zeroTreeIndex, utils.CodeHashLeafKey, isWrite)
 }

core/state/access_events_test.go

@@ -40,55 +40,43 @@ func TestAccountHeaderGas(t *testing.T) {
 	ae := NewAccessEvents(utils.NewPointCache(1024))
 
 	// Check cold read cost
-	gas := ae.VersionGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas := ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr, false)
 	if want := params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessChunkReadCost; gas != want {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, want)
 	}
 
 	// Check warm read cost
-	gas = ae.VersionGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr, false)
 	if gas != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
 
 	// Check cold read costs in the same group no longer incur the branch read cost
-	gas = ae.BalanceGas(testAddr, false)
-	if gas != params.WitnessChunkReadCost {
-		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, params.WitnessChunkReadCost)
-	}
-	gas = ae.NonceGas(testAddr, false)
-	if gas != params.WitnessChunkReadCost {
-		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, params.WitnessChunkReadCost)
-	}
-	gas = ae.CodeSizeGas(testAddr, false)
-	if gas != params.WitnessChunkReadCost {
-		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, params.WitnessChunkReadCost)
-	}
 	gas = ae.CodeHashGas(testAddr, false)
 	if gas != params.WitnessChunkReadCost {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, params.WitnessChunkReadCost)
 	}
 
 	// Check cold write cost
-	gas = ae.VersionGas(testAddr, true)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr, true)
 	if want := params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost; gas != want {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, want)
 	}
 
 	// Check warm write cost
-	gas = ae.VersionGas(testAddr, true)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr, true)
 	if gas != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
 
 	// Check a write without a read charges both read and write costs
-	gas = ae.BalanceGas(testAddr2, true)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr2, true)
 	if want := params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + params.WitnessChunkReadCost; gas != want {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, want)
 	}
 
 	// Check that a write followed by a read charges nothing
-	gas = ae.BalanceGas(testAddr2, false)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr2, false)
 	if gas != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
@@ -112,13 +100,13 @@ func TestContractCreateInitGas(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Check cold read cost, without a value
-	gas := ae.ContractCreateInitGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas := ae.ContractCreateInitGas(testAddr)
-	if want := params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessChunkWriteCost*2 + params.WitnessChunkReadCost*2; gas != want {
+	if want := params.WitnessBranchWriteCost + params.WitnessBranchReadCost + 2*params.WitnessChunkWriteCost + 2*params.WitnessChunkReadCost; gas != want {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, want)
 	}
 
 	// Check warm read cost
-	gas = ae.ContractCreateInitGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas = ae.ContractCreateInitGas(testAddr)
 	if gas != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
@@ -131,17 +119,17 @@ func TestMessageCallGas(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Check cold read cost, without a value
 	gas := ae.MessageCallGas(testAddr)
-	if want := params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessChunkReadCost*2; gas != want {
+	if want := params.WitnessBranchReadCost + params.WitnessChunkReadCost; gas != want {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, want)
 	}
 
-	// Check that reading the version and code size of the same account does not incur the branch read cost
+	// Check that reading the basic data and code hash of the same account does not incur the branch read cost
-	gas = ae.VersionGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas = ae.BasicDataGas(testAddr, false)
 	if gas != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
-	gas = ae.CodeSizeGas(testAddr, false)
+	gas = ae.CodeHashGas(testAddr, false)
-	if gas != 0 {
+	if gas != params.WitnessChunkReadCost {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect gas computed, got %d, want %d", gas, 0)
 	}
 

core/state/database.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/lru"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state/snapshot"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
@@ -45,29 +46,29 @@ const (
 
 // Database wraps access to tries and contract code.
 type Database interface {
+	// Reader returns a state reader associated with the specified state root.
+	Reader(root common.Hash) (Reader, error)
+
 	// OpenTrie opens the main account trie.
 	OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
 
 	// OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
 	OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash, trie Trie) (Trie, error)
 
-	// CopyTrie returns an independent copy of the given trie.
-	CopyTrie(Trie) Trie
-
 	// ContractCode retrieves a particular contract's code.
 	ContractCode(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
 
 	// ContractCodeSize retrieves a particular contracts code's size.
 	ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error)
 
-	// DiskDB returns the underlying key-value disk database.
-	DiskDB() ethdb.KeyValueStore
-
 	// PointCache returns the cache holding points used in verkle tree key computation
 	PointCache() *utils.PointCache
 
 	// TrieDB returns the underlying trie database for managing trie nodes.
 	TrieDB() *triedb.Database
+
+	// Snapshot returns the underlying state snapshot.
+	Snapshot() *snapshot.Tree
 }
 
 // Trie is a Ethereum Merkle Patricia trie.
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ type Trie interface {
 	// UpdateAccount abstracts an account write to the trie. It encodes the
 	// provided account object with associated algorithm and then updates it
 	// in the trie with provided address.
-	UpdateAccount(address common.Address, account *types.StateAccount) error
+	UpdateAccount(address common.Address, account *types.StateAccount, codeLen int) error
 
 	// UpdateStorage associates key with value in the trie. If value has length zero,
 	// any existing value is deleted from the trie. The value bytes must not be modified
@@ -147,47 +148,62 @@ type Trie interface {
 	IsVerkle() bool
 }
 
-// NewDatabase creates a backing store for state. The returned database is safe for
+// CachingDB is an implementation of Database interface. It leverages both trie and
-// concurrent use, but does not retain any recent trie nodes in memory. To keep some
+// state snapshot to provide functionalities for state access. It's meant to be a
-// historical state in memory, use the NewDatabaseWithConfig constructor.
+// long-live object and has a few caches inside for sharing between blocks.
-func NewDatabase(db ethdb.Database) Database {
+type CachingDB struct {
-	return NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, nil)
-}
-
-// NewDatabaseWithConfig creates a backing store for state. The returned database
-// is safe for concurrent use and retains a lot of collapsed RLP trie nodes in a
-// large memory cache.
-func NewDatabaseWithConfig(db ethdb.Database, config *triedb.Config) Database {
-	return &cachingDB{
-		disk:          db,
-		codeSizeCache: lru.NewCache[common.Hash, int](codeSizeCacheSize),
-		codeCache:     lru.NewSizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte](codeCacheSize),
-		triedb:        triedb.NewDatabase(db, config),
-		pointCache:    utils.NewPointCache(pointCacheSize),
-	}
-}
-
-// NewDatabaseWithNodeDB creates a state database with an already initialized node database.
-func NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) Database {
-	return &cachingDB{
-		disk:          db,
-		codeSizeCache: lru.NewCache[common.Hash, int](codeSizeCacheSize),
-		codeCache:     lru.NewSizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte](codeCacheSize),
-		triedb:        triedb,
-		pointCache:    utils.NewPointCache(pointCacheSize),
-	}
-}
-
-type cachingDB struct {
 	disk          ethdb.KeyValueStore
-	codeSizeCache *lru.Cache[common.Hash, int]
-	codeCache     *lru.SizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte]
 	triedb        *triedb.Database
+	snap          *snapshot.Tree
+	codeCache     *lru.SizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte]
+	codeSizeCache *lru.Cache[common.Hash, int]
 	pointCache    *utils.PointCache
 }
 
+// NewDatabase creates a state database with the provided data sources.
+func NewDatabase(triedb *triedb.Database, snap *snapshot.Tree) *CachingDB {
+	return &CachingDB{
+		disk:          triedb.Disk(),
+		triedb:        triedb,
+		snap:          snap,
+		codeCache:     lru.NewSizeConstrainedCache[common.Hash, []byte](codeCacheSize),
+		codeSizeCache: lru.NewCache[common.Hash, int](codeSizeCacheSize),
+		pointCache:    utils.NewPointCache(pointCacheSize),
+	}
+}
+
+// NewDatabaseForTesting is similar to NewDatabase, but it initializes the caching
+// db by using an ephemeral memory db with default config for testing.
+func NewDatabaseForTesting() *CachingDB {
+	return NewDatabase(triedb.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), nil), nil)
+}
+
+// Reader returns a state reader associated with the specified state root.
+func (db *CachingDB) Reader(stateRoot common.Hash) (Reader, error) {
+	var readers []Reader
+
+	// Set up the state snapshot reader if available. This feature
+	// is optional and may be partially useful if it's not fully
+	// generated.
+	if db.snap != nil {
+		sr, err := newStateReader(stateRoot, db.snap)
+		if err == nil {
+			readers = append(readers, sr) // snap reader is optional
+		}
+	}
+	// Set up the trie reader, which is expected to always be available
+	// as the gatekeeper unless the state is corrupted.
+	tr, err := newTrieReader(stateRoot, db.triedb, db.pointCache)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	readers = append(readers, tr)
+
+	return newMultiReader(readers...)
+}
+
 // OpenTrie opens the main account trie at a specific root hash.
-func (db *cachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
+func (db *CachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 	if db.triedb.IsVerkle() {
 		return trie.NewVerkleTrie(root, db.triedb, db.pointCache)
 	}
@@ -200,7 +216,7 @@ func (db *cachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 }
 
 // OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
-func (db *cachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash, self Trie) (Trie, error) {
+func (db *CachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash, self Trie) (Trie, error) {
 	// In the verkle case, there is only one tree. But the two-tree structure
 	// is hardcoded in the codebase. So we need to return the same trie in this
 	// case.
@@ -215,20 +231,8 @@ func (db *cachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Addre
 	return tr, nil
 }
 
-// CopyTrie returns an independent copy of the given trie.
-func (db *cachingDB) CopyTrie(t Trie) Trie {
-	switch t := t.(type) {
-	case *trie.StateTrie:
-		return t.Copy()
-	case *trie.VerkleTrie:
-		return t.Copy()
-	default:
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("unknown trie type %T", t))
-	}
-}
-
 // ContractCode retrieves a particular contract's code.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+func (db *CachingDB) ContractCode(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	code, _ := db.codeCache.Get(codeHash)
 	if len(code) > 0 {
 		return code, nil
@@ -249,7 +253,7 @@ func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash)
 // ContractCodeWithPrefix retrieves a particular contract's code. If the
 // code can't be found in the cache, then check the existence with **new**
 // db scheme.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+func (db *CachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	code, _ := db.codeCache.Get(codeHash)
 	if len(code) > 0 {
 		return code, nil
@@ -268,7 +272,7 @@ func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash com
 }
 
 // ContractCodeSize retrieves a particular contracts code's size.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
+func (db *CachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
 	if cached, ok := db.codeSizeCache.Get(codeHash); ok {
 		return cached, nil
 	}
@@ -276,17 +280,29 @@ func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash)
 	return len(code), err
 }
 
-// DiskDB returns the underlying key-value disk database.
-func (db *cachingDB) DiskDB() ethdb.KeyValueStore {
-	return db.disk
-}
-
 // TrieDB retrieves any intermediate trie-node caching layer.
-func (db *cachingDB) TrieDB() *triedb.Database {
+func (db *CachingDB) TrieDB() *triedb.Database {
 	return db.triedb
 }
 
 // PointCache returns the cache of evaluated curve points.
-func (db *cachingDB) PointCache() *utils.PointCache {
+func (db *CachingDB) PointCache() *utils.PointCache {
 	return db.pointCache
 }
+
+// Snapshot returns the underlying state snapshot.
+func (db *CachingDB) Snapshot() *snapshot.Tree {
+	return db.snap
+}
+
+// mustCopyTrie returns a deep-copied trie.
+func mustCopyTrie(t Trie) Trie {
+	switch t := t.(type) {
+	case *trie.StateTrie:
+		return t.Copy()
+	case *trie.VerkleTrie:
+		return t.Copy()
+	default:
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unknown trie type %T", t))
+	}
+}

core/state/iterator_test.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func testNodeIteratorCoverage(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	db, sdb, ndb, root, _ := makeTestState(scheme)
 	ndb.Commit(root, false)
 
-	state, err := New(root, sdb, nil)
+	state, err := New(root, sdb)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create state trie at %x: %v", root, err)
 	}

core/state/journal.go

@@ -17,13 +17,21 @@
 package state
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/blockstm"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
 )
 
+type revision struct {
+	id           int
+	journalIndex int
+}
+
 // journalEntry is a modification entry in the state change journal that can be
 // reverted on demand.
 type journalEntry interface {
@@ -43,6 +51,9 @@ type journalEntry interface {
 type journal struct {
 	entries []journalEntry         // Current changes tracked by the journal
 	dirties map[common.Address]int // Dirty accounts and the number of changes
+
+	validRevisions []revision
+	nextRevisionId int
 }
 
 // newJournal creates a new initialized journal.
@@ -52,6 +63,40 @@ func newJournal() *journal {
 	}
 }
 
+// reset clears the journal, after this operation the journal can be used anew.
+// It is semantically similar to calling 'newJournal', but the underlying slices
+// can be reused.
+func (j *journal) reset() {
+	j.entries = j.entries[:0]
+	j.validRevisions = j.validRevisions[:0]
+	clear(j.dirties)
+	j.nextRevisionId = 0
+}
+
+// snapshot returns an identifier for the current revision of the state.
+func (j *journal) snapshot() int {
+	id := j.nextRevisionId
+	j.nextRevisionId++
+	j.validRevisions = append(j.validRevisions, revision{id, j.length()})
+	return id
+}
+
+// revertToSnapshot reverts all state changes made since the given revision.
+func (j *journal) revertToSnapshot(revid int, s *StateDB) {
+	// Find the snapshot in the stack of valid snapshots.
+	idx := sort.Search(len(j.validRevisions), func(i int) bool {
+		return j.validRevisions[i].id >= revid
+	})
+	if idx == len(j.validRevisions) || j.validRevisions[idx].id != revid {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("revision id %v cannot be reverted", revid))
+	}
+	snapshot := j.validRevisions[idx].journalIndex
+
+	// Replay the journal to undo changes and remove invalidated snapshots
+	j.revert(s, snapshot)
+	j.validRevisions = j.validRevisions[:idx]
+}
+
 // append inserts a new modification entry to the end of the change journal.
 func (j *journal) append(entry journalEntry) {
 	j.entries = append(j.entries, entry)
@@ -99,46 +144,120 @@ func (j *journal) copy() *journal {
 	return &journal{
 		entries:        entries,
 		dirties:        maps.Clone(j.dirties),
+		validRevisions: slices.Clone(j.validRevisions),
+		nextRevisionId: j.nextRevisionId,
 	}
 }
 
+func (j *journal) logChange(txHash common.Hash) {
+	j.append(addLogChange{txhash: txHash})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) createObject(addr common.Address) {
+	j.append(createObjectChange{account: addr})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) createContract(addr common.Address) {
+	j.append(createContractChange{account: addr})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) destruct(addr common.Address) {
+	j.append(selfDestructChange{account: addr})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) storageChange(addr common.Address, key, prev, origin common.Hash) {
+	j.append(storageChange{
+		account:   addr,
+		key:       key,
+		prevvalue: prev,
+		origvalue: origin,
+	})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) transientStateChange(addr common.Address, key, prev common.Hash) {
+	j.append(transientStorageChange{
+		account:  addr,
+		key:      key,
+		prevalue: prev,
+	})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) refundChange(previous uint64) {
+	j.append(refundChange{prev: previous})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) balanceChange(addr common.Address, previous *uint256.Int) {
+	j.append(balanceChange{
+		account: addr,
+		prev:    previous.Clone(),
+	})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) setCode(address common.Address) {
+	j.append(codeChange{account: address})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) nonceChange(address common.Address, prev uint64) {
+	j.append(nonceChange{
+		account: address,
+		prev:    prev,
+	})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) touchChange(address common.Address) {
+	j.append(touchChange{
+		account: address,
+	})
+	if address == ripemd {
+		// Explicitly put it in the dirty-cache, which is otherwise generated from
+		// flattened journals.
+		j.dirty(address)
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *journal) accessListAddAccount(addr common.Address) {
+	j.append(accessListAddAccountChange{addr})
+}
+
+func (j *journal) accessListAddSlot(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash) {
+	j.append(accessListAddSlotChange{
+		address: addr,
+		slot:    slot,
+	})
+}
+
 type (
 	// Changes to the account trie.
 	createObjectChange struct {
-		account *common.Address
+		account common.Address
 	}
-
 	// createContractChange represents an account becoming a contract-account.
 	// This event happens prior to executing initcode. The journal-event simply
 	// manages the created-flag, in order to allow same-tx destruction.
 	createContractChange struct {
 		account common.Address
 	}
-
 	selfDestructChange struct {
-		account     *common.Address
+		account common.Address
-		prev        bool // whether account had already self-destructed
-		prevbalance *uint256.Int
 	}
 
 	// Changes to individual accounts.
 	balanceChange struct {
-		account *common.Address
+		account common.Address
 		prev    *uint256.Int
 	}
 	nonceChange struct {
-		account *common.Address
+		account common.Address
 		prev    uint64
 	}
 	storageChange struct {
-		account   *common.Address
+		account   common.Address
 		key       common.Hash
 		prevvalue common.Hash
 		origvalue common.Hash
 	}
 	codeChange struct {
-		account            *common.Address
+		account common.Address
-		prevcode, prevhash []byte
 	}
 
 	// Changes to other state values.
@@ -148,36 +267,32 @@ type (
 	addLogChange struct {
 		txhash common.Hash
 	}
-	addPreimageChange struct {
-		hash common.Hash
-	}
 	touchChange struct {
-		account *common.Address
+		account common.Address
 	}
 
 	// Changes to the access list
 	accessListAddAccountChange struct {
-		address *common.Address
+		address common.Address
 	}
 	accessListAddSlotChange struct {
-		address *common.Address
+		address common.Address
-		slot    *common.Hash
+		slot    common.Hash
 	}
 
 	// Changes to transient storage
 	transientStorageChange struct {
-		account       *common.Address
+		account       common.Address
 		key, prevalue common.Hash
 	}
 )
 
 func (ch createObjectChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	delete(s.stateObjects, *ch.account)
+	delete(s.stateObjects, ch.account)
-	RevertWrite(s, blockstm.NewAddressKey(*ch.account))
 }
 
 func (ch createObjectChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch createObjectChange) copy() journalEntry {
@@ -201,23 +316,19 @@ func (ch createContractChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch selfDestructChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	obj := s.getStateObject(*ch.account)
+	obj := s.getStateObject(ch.account)
 	if obj != nil {
-		obj.selfDestructed = ch.prev
+		obj.selfDestructed = false
-		obj.setBalance(ch.prevbalance)
-		RevertWrite(s, blockstm.NewSubpathKey(*ch.account, SuicidePath))
 	}
 }
 
 func (ch selfDestructChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch selfDestructChange) copy() journalEntry {
 	return selfDestructChange{
 		account: ch.account,
-		prev:        ch.prev,
-		prevbalance: new(uint256.Int).Set(ch.prevbalance),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -227,7 +338,7 @@ func (ch touchChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
 }
 
 func (ch touchChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch touchChange) copy() journalEntry {
@@ -237,11 +348,11 @@ func (ch touchChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch balanceChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.getStateObject(*ch.account).setBalance(ch.prev)
+	s.getStateObject(ch.account).setBalance(ch.prev)
 }
 
 func (ch balanceChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch balanceChange) copy() journalEntry {
@@ -252,11 +363,11 @@ func (ch balanceChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch nonceChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.getStateObject(*ch.account).setNonce(ch.prev)
+	s.getStateObject(ch.account).setNonce(ch.prev)
 }
 
 func (ch nonceChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch nonceChange) copy() journalEntry {
@@ -267,29 +378,23 @@ func (ch nonceChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch codeChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.getStateObject(*ch.account).setCode(common.BytesToHash(ch.prevhash), ch.prevcode)
+	s.getStateObject(ch.account).setCode(types.EmptyCodeHash, nil)
-	RevertWrite(s, blockstm.NewSubpathKey(*ch.account, CodePath))
 }
 
 func (ch codeChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch codeChange) copy() journalEntry {
-	return codeChange{
+	return codeChange{account: ch.account}
-		account:  ch.account,
-		prevhash: common.CopyBytes(ch.prevhash),
-		prevcode: common.CopyBytes(ch.prevcode),
-	}
 }
 
 func (ch storageChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.getStateObject(*ch.account).setState(ch.key, ch.prevvalue, ch.origvalue)
+	s.getStateObject(ch.account).setState(ch.key, ch.prevvalue, ch.origvalue)
-	RevertWrite(s, blockstm.NewStateKey(*ch.account, ch.key))
 }
 
 func (ch storageChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return ch.account
+	return &ch.account
 }
 
 func (ch storageChange) copy() journalEntry {
@@ -301,7 +406,7 @@ func (ch storageChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch transientStorageChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.setTransientState(*ch.account, ch.key, ch.prevalue)
+	s.setTransientState(ch.account, ch.key, ch.prevalue)
 }
 
 func (ch transientStorageChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
@@ -351,20 +456,6 @@ func (ch addLogChange) copy() journalEntry {
 	}
 }
 
-func (ch addPreimageChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	delete(s.preimages, ch.hash)
-}
-
-func (ch addPreimageChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (ch addPreimageChange) copy() journalEntry {
-	return addPreimageChange{
-		hash: ch.hash,
-	}
-}
-
 func (ch accessListAddAccountChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
 	/*
 		One important invariant here, is that whenever a (addr, slot) is added, if the
@@ -375,7 +466,7 @@ func (ch accessListAddAccountChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
 		(addr) at this point, since no storage adds can remain when come upon
 		a single (addr) change.
 	*/
-	s.accessList.DeleteAddress(*ch.address)
+	s.accessList.DeleteAddress(ch.address)
 }
 
 func (ch accessListAddAccountChange) dirtied() *common.Address {
@@ -389,7 +480,7 @@ func (ch accessListAddAccountChange) copy() journalEntry {
 }
 
 func (ch accessListAddSlotChange) revert(s *StateDB) {
-	s.accessList.DeleteSlot(*ch.address, *ch.slot)
+	s.accessList.DeleteSlot(ch.address, ch.slot)
 }
 
 func (ch accessListAddSlotChange) dirtied() *common.Address {

core/state/metrics.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package state
 import "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
 
 var (
+	accountReadMeters        = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("state/read/accounts", nil)
+	storageReadMeters        = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("state/read/storage", nil)
 	accountUpdatedMeter      = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("state/update/account", nil)
 	storageUpdatedMeter      = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("state/update/storage", nil)
 	accountDeletedMeter      = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("state/delete/account", nil)

core/state/pruner/pruner.go

@@ -274,11 +274,10 @@ func (p *Pruner) Prune(root common.Hash) error {
 	// is the presence of root can indicate the presence of the
 	// entire trie.
 	if !rawdb.HasLegacyTrieNode(p.db, root) {
-		// The special case is for clique based networks(goerli
+		// The special case is for clique based networks, it's possible
-		// and some other private networks), it's possible that two
+		// that two consecutive blocks will have same root. In this case
-		// consecutive blocks will have same root. In this case snapshot
+		// snapshot difflayer won't be created. So HEAD-127 may not paired
-		// difflayer won't be created. So HEAD-127 may not paired with
+		// with head-127 layer. Instead the paired layer is higher than the
-		// head-127 layer. Instead the paired layer is higher than the
 		// bottom-most diff layer. Try to find the bottom-most snapshot
 		// layer with state available.
 		//

core/state/reader.go

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package state
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"maps"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state/snapshot"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie/utils"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb"
+)
+
+// Reader defines the interface for accessing accounts and storage slots
+// associated with a specific state.
+type Reader interface {
+	// Account retrieves the account associated with a particular address.
+	//
+	// - Returns a nil account if it does not exist
+	// - Returns an error only if an unexpected issue occurs
+	// - The returned account is safe to modify after the call
+	Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error)
+
+	// Storage retrieves the storage slot associated with a particular account
+	// address and slot key.
+	//
+	// - Returns an empty slot if it does not exist
+	// - Returns an error only if an unexpected issue occurs
+	// - The returned storage slot is safe to modify after the call
+	Storage(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash) (common.Hash, error)
+
+	// Copy returns a deep-copied state reader.
+	Copy() Reader
+}
+
+// stateReader is a wrapper over the state snapshot and implements the Reader
+// interface. It provides an efficient way to access flat state.
+type stateReader struct {
+	snap snapshot.Snapshot
+	buff crypto.KeccakState
+}
+
+// newStateReader constructs a flat state reader with on the specified state root.
+func newStateReader(root common.Hash, snaps *snapshot.Tree) (*stateReader, error) {
+	snap := snaps.Snapshot(root)
+	if snap == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("snapshot is not available")
+	}
+	return &stateReader{
+		snap: snap,
+		buff: crypto.NewKeccakState(),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Account implements Reader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the associated snapshot is already stale or
+// the requested account is not yet covered by the snapshot.
+//
+// The returned account might be nil if it's not existent.
+func (r *stateReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
+	ret, err := r.snap.Account(crypto.HashData(crypto.NewKeccakState(), addr.Bytes()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if ret == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	acct := &types.StateAccount{
+		Nonce:    ret.Nonce,
+		Balance:  ret.Balance,
+		CodeHash: ret.CodeHash,
+		Root:     common.BytesToHash(ret.Root),
+	}
+	if len(acct.CodeHash) == 0 {
+		acct.CodeHash = types.EmptyCodeHash.Bytes()
+	}
+	if acct.Root == (common.Hash{}) {
+		acct.Root = types.EmptyRootHash
+	}
+	return acct, nil
+}
+
+// Storage implements Reader, retrieving the storage slot specified by the
+// address and slot key.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the associated snapshot is already stale or
+// the requested storage slot is not yet covered by the snapshot.
+//
+// The returned storage slot might be empty if it's not existent.
+func (r *stateReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
+	addrHash := crypto.HashData(crypto.NewKeccakState(), addr.Bytes())
+	slotHash := crypto.HashData(crypto.NewKeccakState(), key.Bytes())
+	ret, err := r.snap.Storage(addrHash, slotHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+	if len(ret) == 0 {
+		return common.Hash{}, nil
+	}
+	// Perform the rlp-decode as the slot value is RLP-encoded in the state
+	// snapshot.
+	_, content, _, err := rlp.Split(ret)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+	var value common.Hash
+	value.SetBytes(content)
+	return value, nil
+}
+
+// Copy implements Reader, returning a deep-copied snap reader.
+func (r *stateReader) Copy() Reader {
+	return &stateReader{
+		snap: r.snap,
+		buff: crypto.NewKeccakState(),
+	}
+}
+
+// trieReader implements the Reader interface, providing functions to access
+// state from the referenced trie.
+type trieReader struct {
+	root       common.Hash                    // State root which uniquely represent a state
+	db         *triedb.Database               // Database for loading trie
+	buff       crypto.KeccakState             // Buffer for keccak256 hashing
+	mainTrie   Trie                           // Main trie, resolved in constructor
+	subRoots   map[common.Address]common.Hash // Set of storage roots, cached when the account is resolved
+	subTries   map[common.Address]Trie        // Group of storage tries, cached when it's resolved
+	muSubRoot  sync.Mutex
+	muSubTries sync.Mutex
+}
+
+// trieReader constructs a trie reader of the specific state. An error will be
+// returned if the associated trie specified by root is not existent.
+func newTrieReader(root common.Hash, db *triedb.Database, cache *utils.PointCache) (*trieReader, error) {
+	var (
+		tr  Trie
+		err error
+	)
+	if !db.IsVerkle() {
+		tr, err = trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StateTrieID(root), db)
+	} else {
+		tr, err = trie.NewVerkleTrie(root, db, cache)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &trieReader{
+		root:     root,
+		db:       db,
+		buff:     crypto.NewKeccakState(),
+		mainTrie: tr,
+		subRoots: make(map[common.Address]common.Hash),
+		subTries: make(map[common.Address]Trie),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Account implements Reader, retrieving the account specified by the address.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the trie state is corrupted. An nil account
+// will be returned if it's not existent in the trie.
+func (r *trieReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
+	account, err := r.mainTrie.GetAccount(addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	r.muSubRoot.Lock()
+	if account == nil {
+		r.subRoots[addr] = types.EmptyRootHash
+	} else {
+		r.subRoots[addr] = account.Root
+	}
+	r.muSubRoot.Unlock()
+
+	return account, nil
+}
+
+// Storage implements Reader, retrieving the storage slot specified by the
+// address and slot key.
+//
+// An error will be returned if the trie state is corrupted. An empty storage
+// slot will be returned if it's not existent in the trie.
+func (r *trieReader) Storage(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
+	var (
+		tr    Trie
+		found bool
+		value common.Hash
+	)
+	if r.db.IsVerkle() {
+		tr = r.mainTrie
+	} else {
+		tr, found = r.subTries[addr]
+		if !found {
+			root, ok := r.subRoots[addr]
+
+			// The storage slot is accessed without account caching. It's unexpected
+			// behavior but try to resolve the account first anyway.
+			if !ok {
+				_, err := r.Account(addr)
+				if err != nil {
+					return common.Hash{}, err
+				}
+				root = r.subRoots[addr]
+			}
+			var err error
+			tr, err = trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StorageTrieID(r.root, crypto.HashData(crypto.NewKeccakState(), addr.Bytes()), root), r.db)
+			if err != nil {
+				return common.Hash{}, err
+			}
+			r.muSubTries.Lock()
+			r.subTries[addr] = tr
+			r.muSubTries.Unlock()
+		}
+	}
+	ret, err := tr.GetStorage(addr, key.Bytes())
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+	value.SetBytes(ret)
+	return value, nil
+}
+
+// Copy implements Reader, returning a deep-copied trie reader.
+func (r *trieReader) Copy() Reader {
+	tries := make(map[common.Address]Trie)
+	for addr, tr := range r.subTries {
+		tries[addr] = mustCopyTrie(tr)
+	}
+	return &trieReader{
+		root:     r.root,
+		db:       r.db,
+		buff:     crypto.NewKeccakState(),
+		mainTrie: mustCopyTrie(r.mainTrie),
+		subRoots: maps.Clone(r.subRoots),
+		subTries: tries,
+	}
+}
+
+// multiReader is the aggregation of a list of Reader interface, providing state
+// access by leveraging all readers. The checking priority is determined by the
+// position in the reader list.
+type multiReader struct {
+	readers []Reader // List of readers, sorted by checking priority
+}
+
+// newMultiReader constructs a multiReader instance with the given readers. The
+// priority among readers is assumed to be sorted. Note, it must contain at least
+// one reader for constructing a multiReader.
+func newMultiReader(readers ...Reader) (*multiReader, error) {
+	if len(readers) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.New("empty reader set")
+	}
+	return &multiReader{
+		readers: readers,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Account implementing Reader interface, retrieving the account associated with
+// a particular address.
+//
+// - Returns a nil account if it does not exist
+// - Returns an error only if an unexpected issue occurs
+// - The returned account is safe to modify after the call
+func (r *multiReader) Account(addr common.Address) (*types.StateAccount, error) {
+	var errs []error
+	for _, reader := range r.readers {
+		acct, err := reader.Account(addr)
+		if err == nil {
+			return acct, nil
+		}
+		errs = append(errs, err)
+	}
+	return nil, errors.Join(errs...)
+}
+
+// Storage implementing Reader interface, retrieving the storage slot associated
+// with a particular account address and slot key.
+//
+// - Returns an empty slot if it does not exist
+// - Returns an error only if an unexpected issue occurs
+// - The returned storage slot is safe to modify after the call
+func (r *multiReader) Storage(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
+	var errs []error
+	for _, reader := range r.readers {
+		slot, err := reader.Storage(addr, slot)
+		if err == nil {
+			return slot, nil
+		}
+		errs = append(errs, err)
+	}
+	return common.Hash{}, errors.Join(errs...)
+}
+
+// Copy implementing Reader interface, returning a deep-copied state reader.
+func (r *multiReader) Copy() Reader {
+	var readers []Reader
+	for _, reader := range r.readers {
+		readers = append(readers, reader.Copy())
+	}
+	return &multiReader{readers: readers}
+}