diff --git a/core/gaspool.go b/core/gaspool.go
index 690882c7b1..9ce156bb9b 100644
--- a/core/gaspool.go
+++ b/core/gaspool.go
@@ -73,18 +73,20 @@ func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGas(returned uint64, gasUsed uint64) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ReturnGasAmsterdam handles 2D gas accounting for Amsterdam (EIP-8037).
-// It undoes the SubGas deduction fully and accumulates per-dimension block totals.
-func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGasAmsterdam(returned, txRegular, txState, receiptGasUsed uint64) error {
-	if gp.remaining > math.MaxUint64-returned {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: remaining: %d, returned: %d", ErrGasLimitOverflow, gp.remaining, returned)
-	}
-	// Undo SubGas deduction fully (Amsterdam uses cumulative tracking)
-	gp.remaining += returned
-	// Accumulate 2D block dimensions
+// ReturnGasAmsterdam calculates the new remaining gas in the pool after the
+// execution of a message. The remaining gas in the pool is
+// block.gasLimit - max(cumulative_regular, cumulative_state)
+func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGasAmsterdam(txRegular, txState, receiptGasUsed uint64) error {
 	gp.cumulativeRegular += txRegular
 	gp.cumulativeState += txState
 	gp.cumulativeUsed += receiptGasUsed
+
+	blockUsed := max(gp.cumulativeRegular, gp.cumulativeState)
+	if gp.initial < blockUsed {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: block gas overflow: initial %d, used %d (regular: %d, state: %d)",
+			ErrGasLimitReached, gp.initial, blockUsed, gp.cumulativeRegular, gp.cumulativeState)
+	}
+	gp.remaining = gp.initial - blockUsed
 	return nil
 }
 
diff --git a/core/state_transition.go b/core/state_transition.go
index a4f298011f..b69bff85d1 100644
--- a/core/state_transition.go
+++ b/core/state_transition.go
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ func (st *stateTransition) execute() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 		txState := (gas.StateGas - authRefund) + execGasUsed.StateGasCharged
 		txRegular := gas.RegularGas + execGasUsed.RegularGasUsed
 		txRegular = max(txRegular, floorDataGas)
-		if err := st.gp.ReturnGasAmsterdam(returned, txRegular, txState, st.gasUsed()); err != nil {
+		if err := st.gp.ReturnGasAmsterdam(txRegular, txState, st.gasUsed()); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	} else {