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+# Logging Notes
+
+This document provides a short overview of logging-related options
+for geth.
+
+## Verbosity levels
+
+The `--verbosity` flag controls how much information geth prints:
+
+- `0` – silent (only fatal errors),
+- `1` – errors,
+- `2` – warnings,
+- `3` – info (default for many setups),
+- `4` – debug,
+- `5` – trace (very verbose).
+
+Use higher verbosity levels only when debugging, as they can generate
+large amounts of log data.
+
+## Log output
+
+To direct logs to a file instead of stdout, use shell redirection, for example:
+
+    geth ... --verbosity 3 >> geth.log 2>&1
+
+Consider log rotation tools (such as `logrotate` or container log
+rotation) for long-running nodes.
+
+## Common patterns
+
+- Keep default verbosity in production unless debugging a specific issue.
+- When reporting a bug, include logs with a short time window around
+  the problematic event at a reasonably high verbosity (3–4).