Merge pull request #1 from ethereum/master

Pull latest changes from go-ethereum

.github/no-response.yml

@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ closeComment: >
   This issue has been automatically closed because there has been no response
   to our request for more information from the original author. With only the
   information that is currently in the issue, we don't have enough information
-  to take action. Please reach out if you have or find the answers we need so
+  to take action. Please reach out if you have more relevant information or
-  that we can investigate further.
+  answers to our questions so that we can investigate further.

.travis.yml

@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ matrix:
       go: 1.10.x
       script:
         - unset -f cd # workaround for https://github.com/travis-ci/travis-ci/issues/8703
-        - brew update
-        - brew cask install osxfuse
         - go run build/ci.go install
         - go run build/ci.go test -coverage $TEST_PACKAGES
 

README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ https://camo.githubusercontent.com/915b7be44ada53c290eb157634330494ebe3e30a/6874
 )](https://godoc.org/github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum)
 [![Travis](https://travis-ci.org/ethereum/go-ethereum.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ethereum/go-ethereum)
-[![Gitter](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/ethereum/go-ethereum?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge)
+[![Discord](https://img.shields.io/badge/discord-join%20chat-blue.svg)](https://discord.gg/nthXNEv)
 
 Automated builds are available for stable releases and the unstable master branch.
 Binary archives are published at https://geth.ethereum.org/downloads/.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ This command will:
  * Start up Geth's built-in interactive [JavaScript console](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/JavaScript-Console),
    (via the trailing `console` subcommand) through which you can invoke all official [`web3` methods](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JavaScript-API)
    as well as Geth's own [management APIs](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/Management-APIs).
-   This too is optional and if you leave it out you can always attach to an already running Geth instance
+   This tool is optional and if you leave it out you can always attach to an already running Geth instance
    with `geth attach`.
 
 ### Full node on the Ethereum test network

accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go

@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ type SimulatedBackend struct {
 
 // NewSimulatedBackend creates a new binding backend using a simulated blockchain
 // for testing purposes.
-func NewSimulatedBackend(alloc core.GenesisAlloc) *SimulatedBackend {
+func NewSimulatedBackend(alloc core.GenesisAlloc, gasLimit uint64) *SimulatedBackend {
 	database := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	genesis := core.Genesis{Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, Alloc: alloc}
+	genesis := core.Genesis{Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, GasLimit: gasLimit, Alloc: alloc}
 	genesis.MustCommit(database)
 	blockchain, _ := core.NewBlockChain(database, nil, genesis.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{})
 

accounts/abi/bind/bind.go

@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ func bindTypeGo(kind abi.Type) string {
 
 // The inner function of bindTypeGo, this finds the inner type of stringKind.
 // (Or just the type itself if it is not an array or slice)
-// The length of the matched part is returned, with the the translated type.
+// The length of the matched part is returned, with the translated type.
 func bindUnnestedTypeGo(stringKind string) (int, string) {
 
 	switch {
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func bindTypeJava(kind abi.Type) string {
 
 // The inner function of bindTypeJava, this finds the inner type of stringKind.
 // (Or just the type itself if it is not an array or slice)
-// The length of the matched part is returned, with the the translated type.
+// The length of the matched part is returned, with the translated type.
 func bindUnnestedTypeJava(stringKind string) (int, string) {
 
 	switch {

accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go

@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy an interaction tester contract and call a transaction on it
 			_, _, interactor, err := DeployInteractor(auth, sim, "Deploy string")
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a tuple tester contract and execute a structured call on it
 			_, _, getter, err := DeployGetter(auth, sim)
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a tuple tester contract and execute a structured call on it
 			_, _, tupler, err := DeployTupler(auth, sim)
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a slice tester contract and execute a n array call on it
 			_, _, slicer, err := DeploySlicer(auth, sim)
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a default method invoker contract and execute its default method
 			_, _, defaulter, err := DeployDefaulter(auth, sim)
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 		`[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"String","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"type":"function"}]`,
 		`
 			// Create a simulator and wrap a non-deployed contract
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(nil)
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(nil, uint64(10000000000))
 
 			nonexistent, err := NewNonExistent(common.Address{}, sim)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a funky gas pattern contract
 			_, _, limiter, err := DeployFunkyGasPattern(auth, sim)
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a sender tester contract and execute a structured call on it
 			_, _, callfrom, err := DeployCallFrom(auth, sim)
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy a underscorer tester contract and execute a structured call on it
 			_, _, underscorer, err := DeployUnderscorer(auth, sim)
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			// Deploy an eventer contract
 			_, _, eventer, err := DeployEventer(auth, sim)
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
 			key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
-			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}})
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{auth.From: {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)}}, 10000000)
 
 			//deploy the test contract
 			_, _, testContract, err := DeployDeeplyNestedArray(auth, sim)
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ func TestBindings(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Skip("go sdk not found for testing")
 	}
 	// Skip the test if the go-ethereum sources are symlinked (https://github.com/golang/go/issues/14845)
-	linkTestCode := fmt.Sprintf("package linktest\nfunc CheckSymlinks(){\nfmt.Println(backends.NewSimulatedBackend(nil))\n}")
+	linkTestCode := fmt.Sprintf("package linktest\nfunc CheckSymlinks(){\nfmt.Println(backends.NewSimulatedBackend(nil,uint64(10000000000)))\n}")
 	linkTestDeps, err := imports.Process(os.TempDir(), []byte(linkTestCode), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed check for goimports symlink bug: %v", err)

accounts/abi/bind/util_test.go

@@ -53,9 +53,11 @@ var waitDeployedTests = map[string]struct {
 
 func TestWaitDeployed(t *testing.T) {
 	for name, test := range waitDeployedTests {
-		backend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{
+		backend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(
-			crypto.PubkeyToAddress(testKey.PublicKey): {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)},
+			core.GenesisAlloc{
-		})
+				crypto.PubkeyToAddress(testKey.PublicKey): {Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)},
+			}, 10000000,
+		)
 
 		// Create the transaction.
 		tx := types.NewContractCreation(0, big.NewInt(0), test.gas, big.NewInt(1), common.FromHex(test.code))

accounts/abi/unpack.go

@@ -25,8 +25,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 )
 
+var (
+	maxUint256 = big.NewInt(0).Add(
+		big.NewInt(0).Exp(big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(256), nil),
+		big.NewInt(-1))
+	maxInt256 = big.NewInt(0).Add(
+		big.NewInt(0).Exp(big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(255), nil),
+		big.NewInt(-1))
+)
+
 // reads the integer based on its kind
-func readInteger(kind reflect.Kind, b []byte) interface{} {
+func readInteger(typ byte, kind reflect.Kind, b []byte) interface{} {
 	switch kind {
 	case reflect.Uint8:
 		return b[len(b)-1]
@@ -45,7 +54,20 @@ func readInteger(kind reflect.Kind, b []byte) interface{} {
 	case reflect.Int64:
 		return int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(b[len(b)-8:]))
 	default:
-		return new(big.Int).SetBytes(b)
+		// the only case lefts for integer is int256/uint256.
+		// big.SetBytes can't tell if a number is negative, positive on itself.
+		// On EVM, if the returned number > max int256, it is negative.
+		ret := new(big.Int).SetBytes(b)
+		if typ == UintTy {
+			return ret
+		}
+
+		if ret.Cmp(maxInt256) > 0 {
+			ret.Add(maxUint256, big.NewInt(0).Neg(ret))
+			ret.Add(ret, big.NewInt(1))
+			ret.Neg(ret)
+		}
+		return ret
 	}
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +201,7 @@ func toGoType(index int, t Type, output []byte) (interface{}, error) {
 	case StringTy: // variable arrays are written at the end of the return bytes
 		return string(output[begin : begin+end]), nil
 	case IntTy, UintTy:
-		return readInteger(t.Kind, returnOutput), nil
+		return readInteger(t.T, t.Kind, returnOutput), nil
 	case BoolTy:
 		return readBool(returnOutput)
 	case AddressTy:

accounts/abi/unpack_test.go

@@ -117,6 +117,11 @@ var unpackTests = []unpackTest{
 		enc:  "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
 		want: big.NewInt(1),
 	},
+	{
+		def:  `[{"type": "int256"}]`,
+		enc:  "ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff",
+		want: big.NewInt(-1),
+	},
 	{
 		def:  `[{"type": "address"}]`,
 		enc:  "0000000000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000",

accounts/accounts.go

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ type Wallet interface {
 	// or optionally with the aid of any location metadata from the embedded URL field.
 	//
 	// If the wallet requires additional authentication to sign the request (e.g.
-	// a password to decrypt the account, or a PIN code o verify the transaction),
+	// a password to decrypt the account, or a PIN code to verify the transaction),
 	// an AuthNeededError instance will be returned, containing infos for the user
 	// about which fields or actions are needed. The user may retry by providing
 	// the needed details via SignTxWithPassphrase, or by other means (e.g. unlock

build/ci.go

@@ -644,17 +644,6 @@ func (meta debMetadata) ExeName(exe debExecutable) string {
 	return exe.Package()
 }
 
-// EthereumSwarmPackageName returns the name of the swarm package based on
-// environment, e.g. "ethereum-swarm-unstable", or "ethereum-swarm".
-// This is needed so that we make sure that "ethereum" package,
-// depends on and installs "ethereum-swarm"
-func (meta debMetadata) EthereumSwarmPackageName() string {
-	if isUnstableBuild(meta.Env) {
-		return debSwarm.Name + "-unstable"
-	}
-	return debSwarm.Name
-}
-
 // ExeConflicts returns the content of the Conflicts field
 // for executable packages.
 func (meta debMetadata) ExeConflicts(exe debExecutable) string {

build/deb/ethereum/deb.control

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Vcs-Browser: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum
 
 Package: {{.Name}}
 Architecture: any
-Depends: ${misc:Depends}, {{.EthereumSwarmPackageName}}, {{.ExeList}}
+Depends: ${misc:Depends}, {{.ExeList}}
 Description: Meta-package to install geth, swarm, and other tools
  Meta-package to install geth, swarm and other tools
 

cmd/clef/main.go

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ func initializeSecrets(c *cli.Context) error {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(location); err == nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("file %v already exists, will not overwrite", location)
 	}
-	err = ioutil.WriteFile(location, masterSeed, 0700)
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(location, masterSeed, 0400)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -540,14 +540,14 @@ func readMasterKey(ctx *cli.Context) ([]byte, error) {
 
 // checkFile is a convenience function to check if a file
 // * exists
-// * is mode 0600
+// * is mode 0400
 func checkFile(filename string) error {
 	info, err := os.Stat(filename)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed stat on %s: %v", filename, err)
 	}
 	// Check the unix permission bits
-	if info.Mode().Perm()&077 != 0 {
+	if info.Mode().Perm()&0377 != 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("file (%v) has insecure file permissions (%v)", filename, info.Mode().String())
 	}
 	return nil

cmd/ethkey/README.md

@@ -21,21 +21,33 @@ Private key information can be printed by using the `--private` flag;
 make sure to use this feature with great caution!
 
 
-### `ethkey sign <keyfile> <message/file>`
+### `ethkey signmessage <keyfile> <message/file>`
 
 Sign the message with a keyfile.
 It is possible to refer to a file containing the message.
+To sign a message contained in a file, use the `--msgfile` flag.
 
 
-### `ethkey verify <address> <signature> <message/file>`
+### `ethkey verifymessage <address> <signature> <message/file>`
 
 Verify the signature of the message.
 It is possible to refer to a file containing the message.
+To sign a message contained in a file, use the --msgfile flag.
+
+
+### `ethkey changepassphrase <keyfile>`
+
+Change the passphrase of a keyfile.
+use the `--newpasswordfile` to point to the new password file.
 
 
 ## Passphrases
 
 For every command that uses a keyfile, you will be prompted to provide the 
 passphrase for decrypting the keyfile.  To avoid this message, it is possible
-to pass the passphrase by using the `--passphrase` flag pointing to a file that
+to pass the passphrase by using the `--passwordfile` flag pointing to a file that
 contains the passphrase.
+
+## JSON
+
+In case you need to output the result in a JSON format, you shall by using the `--json` flag.

cmd/evm/disasm.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func disasmCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	code := strings.TrimSpace(string(in[:]))
+	code := strings.TrimSpace(string(in))
 	fmt.Printf("%v\n", code)
 	return asm.PrintDisassembled(code)
 }

cmd/faucet/faucet.go

@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ func main() {
 	if blob, err = ioutil.ReadFile(*accPassFlag); err != nil {
 		log.Crit("Failed to read account password contents", "file", *accPassFlag, "err", err)
 	}
-	pass := string(blob)
+	// Delete trailing newline in password
+	pass := strings.TrimSuffix(string(blob), "\n")
 
 	ks := keystore.NewKeyStore(filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".faucet", "keys"), keystore.StandardScryptN, keystore.StandardScryptP)
 	if blob, err = ioutil.ReadFile(*accJSONFlag); err != nil {

cmd/geth/chaincmd.go

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ var (
 		ArgsUsage: "<genesisPath>",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ It expects the genesis file as argument.`,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
 			utils.CacheFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 			utils.GCModeFlag,
 			utils.CacheDatabaseFlag,
 			utils.CacheGCFlag,
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ processing will proceed even if an individual RLP-file import failure occurs.`,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
 			utils.CacheFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ be gzipped.`,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
 			utils.CacheFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ be gzipped.`,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
 			utils.CacheFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `
@@ -149,7 +148,6 @@ The first argument must be the directory containing the blockchain to download f
 		ArgsUsage: " ",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `
@@ -163,7 +161,7 @@ Remove blockchain and state databases`,
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.DataDirFlag,
 			utils.CacheFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.SyncModeFlag,
 		},
 		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
 		Description: `

cmd/geth/config.go

@@ -168,6 +168,9 @@ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
 		if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name) {
 			cfg.Shh.MinimumAcceptedPOW = ctx.Float64(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name)
 		}
+		if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag.Name) {
+			cfg.Shh.RestrictConnectionBetweenLightClients = true
+		}
 		utils.RegisterShhService(stack, &cfg.Shh)
 	}
 

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ var (
 		utils.EthashDatasetDirFlag,
 		utils.EthashDatasetsInMemoryFlag,
 		utils.EthashDatasetsOnDiskFlag,
+		utils.TxPoolLocalsFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolNoLocalsFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolJournalFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolRejournalFlag,
@@ -82,8 +83,6 @@ var (
 		utils.TxPoolAccountQueueFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolGlobalQueueFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolLifetimeFlag,
-		utils.FastSyncFlag,
-		utils.LightModeFlag,
 		utils.SyncModeFlag,
 		utils.GCModeFlag,
 		utils.LightServFlag,
@@ -96,11 +95,21 @@ var (
 		utils.ListenPortFlag,
 		utils.MaxPeersFlag,
 		utils.MaxPendingPeersFlag,
-		utils.EtherbaseFlag,
-		utils.GasPriceFlag,
-		utils.MinerThreadsFlag,
 		utils.MiningEnabledFlag,
-		utils.TargetGasLimitFlag,
+		utils.MinerThreadsFlag,
+		utils.MinerLegacyThreadsFlag,
+		utils.MinerNotifyFlag,
+		utils.MinerGasTargetFlag,
+		utils.MinerLegacyGasTargetFlag,
+		utils.MinerGasLimitFlag,
+		utils.MinerGasPriceFlag,
+		utils.MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag,
+		utils.MinerEtherbaseFlag,
+		utils.MinerLegacyEtherbaseFlag,
+		utils.MinerExtraDataFlag,
+		utils.MinerLegacyExtraDataFlag,
+		utils.MinerRecommitIntervalFlag,
+		utils.MinerNoVerfiyFlag,
 		utils.NATFlag,
 		utils.NoDiscoverFlag,
 		utils.DiscoveryV5Flag,
@@ -121,7 +130,6 @@ var (
 		utils.NoCompactionFlag,
 		utils.GpoBlocksFlag,
 		utils.GpoPercentileFlag,
-		utils.ExtraDataFlag,
 		configFileFlag,
 	}
 
@@ -143,6 +151,7 @@ var (
 		utils.WhisperEnabledFlag,
 		utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag,
 		utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag,
+		utils.WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag,
 	}
 
 	metricsFlags = []cli.Flag{
@@ -229,7 +238,6 @@ func init() {
 		// Start system runtime metrics collection
 		go metrics.CollectProcessMetrics(3 * time.Second)
 
-		utils.SetupNetwork(ctx)
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -323,25 +331,25 @@ func startNode(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) {
 	// Start auxiliary services if enabled
 	if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.MiningEnabledFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name) {
 		// Mining only makes sense if a full Ethereum node is running
-		if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.LightModeFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalString(utils.SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light" {
+		if ctx.GlobalString(utils.SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light" {
 			utils.Fatalf("Light clients do not support mining")
 		}
 		var ethereum *eth.Ethereum
 		if err := stack.Service(&ethereum); err != nil {
 			utils.Fatalf("Ethereum service not running: %v", err)
 		}
-		// Use a reduced number of threads if requested
-		if threads := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name); threads > 0 {
-			type threaded interface {
-				SetThreads(threads int)
-			}
-			if th, ok := ethereum.Engine().(threaded); ok {
-				th.SetThreads(threads)
-			}
-		}
 		// Set the gas price to the limits from the CLI and start mining
-		ethereum.TxPool().SetGasPrice(utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.GasPriceFlag.Name))
+		gasprice := utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name)
-		if err := ethereum.StartMining(true); err != nil {
+		if ctx.IsSet(utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name) {
+			gasprice = utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name)
+		}
+		ethereum.TxPool().SetGasPrice(gasprice)
+
+		threads := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerLegacyThreadsFlag.Name)
+		if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name) {
+			threads = ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name)
+		}
+		if err := ethereum.StartMining(threads); err != nil {
 			utils.Fatalf("Failed to start mining: %v", err)
 		}
 	}

cmd/geth/usage.go

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ var AppHelpFlagGroups = []flagGroup{
 	{
 		Name: "TRANSACTION POOL",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
+			utils.TxPoolLocalsFlag,
 			utils.TxPoolNoLocalsFlag,
 			utils.TxPoolJournalFlag,
 			utils.TxPoolRejournalFlag,
@@ -185,10 +186,14 @@ var AppHelpFlagGroups = []flagGroup{
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
 			utils.MiningEnabledFlag,
 			utils.MinerThreadsFlag,
-			utils.EtherbaseFlag,
+			utils.MinerNotifyFlag,
-			utils.TargetGasLimitFlag,
+			utils.MinerGasPriceFlag,
-			utils.GasPriceFlag,
+			utils.MinerGasTargetFlag,
-			utils.ExtraDataFlag,
+			utils.MinerGasLimitFlag,
+			utils.MinerEtherbaseFlag,
+			utils.MinerExtraDataFlag,
+			utils.MinerRecommitIntervalFlag,
+			utils.MinerNoVerfiyFlag,
 		},
 	},
 	{
@@ -230,8 +235,11 @@ var AppHelpFlagGroups = []flagGroup{
 	{
 		Name: "DEPRECATED",
 		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			utils.FastSyncFlag,
+			utils.MinerLegacyThreadsFlag,
-			utils.LightModeFlag,
+			utils.MinerLegacyGasTargetFlag,
+			utils.MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag,
+			utils.MinerLegacyEtherbaseFlag,
+			utils.MinerLegacyExtraDataFlag,
 		},
 	},
 	{

cmd/puppeth/module_node.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ ADD genesis.json /genesis.json
 RUN \
   echo 'geth --cache 512 init /genesis.json' > geth.sh && \{{if .Unlock}}
 	echo 'mkdir -p /root/.ethereum/keystore/ && cp /signer.json /root/.ethereum/keystore/' >> geth.sh && \{{end}}
-	echo $'exec geth --networkid {{.NetworkID}} --cache 512 --port {{.Port}} --maxpeers {{.Peers}} {{.LightFlag}} --ethstats \'{{.Ethstats}}\' {{if .Bootnodes}}--bootnodes {{.Bootnodes}}{{end}} {{if .Etherbase}}--etherbase {{.Etherbase}} --mine --minerthreads 1{{end}} {{if .Unlock}}--unlock 0 --password /signer.pass --mine{{end}} --targetgaslimit {{.GasTarget}} --gasprice {{.GasPrice}}' >> geth.sh
+	echo $'exec geth --networkid {{.NetworkID}} --cache 512 --port {{.Port}} --maxpeers {{.Peers}} {{.LightFlag}} --ethstats \'{{.Ethstats}}\' {{if .Bootnodes}}--bootnodes {{.Bootnodes}}{{end}} {{if .Etherbase}}--miner.etherbase {{.Etherbase}} --mine --miner.threads 1{{end}} {{if .Unlock}}--unlock 0 --password /signer.pass --mine{{end}} --miner.gastarget {{.GasTarget}} --miner.gaslimit {{.GasLimit}} --miner.gasprice {{.GasPrice}}' >> geth.sh
 
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/sh", "geth.sh"]
 `
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ services:
       - STATS_NAME={{.Ethstats}}
       - MINER_NAME={{.Etherbase}}
       - GAS_TARGET={{.GasTarget}}
+      - GAS_LIMIT={{.GasLimit}}
       - GAS_PRICE={{.GasPrice}}
     logging:
       driver: "json-file"
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ func deployNode(client *sshClient, network string, bootnodes []string, config *n
 		"Ethstats":  config.ethstats,
 		"Etherbase": config.etherbase,
 		"GasTarget": uint64(1000000 * config.gasTarget),
+		"GasLimit":  uint64(1000000 * config.gasLimit),
 		"GasPrice":  uint64(1000000000 * config.gasPrice),
 		"Unlock":    config.keyJSON != "",
 	})
@@ -122,6 +124,7 @@ func deployNode(client *sshClient, network string, bootnodes []string, config *n
 		"Ethstats":   config.ethstats[:strings.Index(config.ethstats, ":")],
 		"Etherbase":  config.etherbase,
 		"GasTarget":  config.gasTarget,
+		"GasLimit":   config.gasLimit,
 		"GasPrice":   config.gasPrice,
 	})
 	files[filepath.Join(workdir, "docker-compose.yaml")] = composefile.Bytes()
@@ -160,6 +163,7 @@ type nodeInfos struct {
 	keyJSON    string
 	keyPass    string
 	gasTarget  float64
+	gasLimit   float64
 	gasPrice   float64
 }
 
@@ -175,8 +179,9 @@ func (info *nodeInfos) Report() map[string]string {
 	}
 	if info.gasTarget > 0 {
 		// Miner or signer node
-		report["Gas limit (baseline target)"] = fmt.Sprintf("%0.3f MGas", info.gasTarget)
 		report["Gas price (minimum accepted)"] = fmt.Sprintf("%0.3f GWei", info.gasPrice)
+		report["Gas floor (baseline target)"] = fmt.Sprintf("%0.3f MGas", info.gasTarget)
+		report["Gas ceil  (target maximum)"] = fmt.Sprintf("%0.3f MGas", info.gasLimit)
 
 		if info.etherbase != "" {
 			// Ethash proof-of-work miner
@@ -217,6 +222,7 @@ func checkNode(client *sshClient, network string, boot bool) (*nodeInfos, error)
 	totalPeers, _ := strconv.Atoi(infos.envvars["TOTAL_PEERS"])
 	lightPeers, _ := strconv.Atoi(infos.envvars["LIGHT_PEERS"])
 	gasTarget, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(infos.envvars["GAS_TARGET"], 64)
+	gasLimit, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(infos.envvars["GAS_LIMIT"], 64)
 	gasPrice, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(infos.envvars["GAS_PRICE"], 64)
 
 	// Container available, retrieve its node ID and its genesis json
@@ -256,6 +262,7 @@ func checkNode(client *sshClient, network string, boot bool) (*nodeInfos, error)
 		keyJSON:    keyJSON,
 		keyPass:    keyPass,
 		gasTarget:  gasTarget,
+		gasLimit:   gasLimit,
 		gasPrice:   gasPrice,
 	}
 	stats.enode = fmt.Sprintf("enode://%s@%s:%d", id, client.address, stats.port)

cmd/puppeth/ssh.go

@@ -45,33 +45,44 @@ type sshClient struct {
 
 // dial establishes an SSH connection to a remote node using the current user and
 // the user's configured private RSA key. If that fails, password authentication
-// is fallen back to. The caller may override the login user via user@server:port.
+// is fallen back to. server can be a string like user:identity@server:port.
 func dial(server string, pubkey []byte) (*sshClient, error) {
-	// Figure out a label for the server and a logger
+	// Figure out username, identity, hostname and port
-	label := server
+	hostname := ""
-	if strings.Contains(label, ":") {
+	hostport := server
-		label = label[:strings.Index(label, ":")]
+	username := ""
-	}
+	identity := "id_rsa" // default
-	login := ""
+
 	if strings.Contains(server, "@") {
-		login = label[:strings.Index(label, "@")]
+		prefix := server[:strings.Index(server, "@")]
-		label = label[strings.Index(label, "@")+1:]
+		if strings.Contains(prefix, ":") {
-		server = server[strings.Index(server, "@")+1:]
+			username = prefix[:strings.Index(prefix, ":")]
+			identity = prefix[strings.Index(prefix, ":")+1:]
+		} else {
+			username = prefix
+		}
+		hostport = server[strings.Index(server, "@")+1:]
 	}
-	logger := log.New("server", label)
+	if strings.Contains(hostport, ":") {
+		hostname = hostport[:strings.Index(hostport, ":")]
+	} else {
+		hostname = hostport
+		hostport += ":22"
+	}
+	logger := log.New("server", server)
 	logger.Debug("Attempting to establish SSH connection")
 
 	user, err := user.Current()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if login == "" {
+	if username == "" {
-		login = user.Username
+		username = user.Username
 	}
 	// Configure the supported authentication methods (private key and password)
 	var auths []ssh.AuthMethod
 
-	path := filepath.Join(user.HomeDir, ".ssh", "id_rsa")
+	path := filepath.Join(user.HomeDir, ".ssh", identity)
 	if buf, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path); err != nil {
 		log.Warn("No SSH key, falling back to passwords", "path", path, "err", err)
 	} else {
@@ -94,14 +105,14 @@ func dial(server string, pubkey []byte) (*sshClient, error) {
 		}
 	}
 	auths = append(auths, ssh.PasswordCallback(func() (string, error) {
-		fmt.Printf("What's the login password for %s at %s? (won't be echoed)\n> ", login, server)
+		fmt.Printf("What's the login password for %s at %s? (won't be echoed)\n> ", username, server)
 		blob, err := terminal.ReadPassword(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
 
 		fmt.Println()
 		return string(blob), err
 	}))
 	// Resolve the IP address of the remote server
-	addr, err := net.LookupHost(label)
+	addr, err := net.LookupHost(hostname)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -109,10 +120,7 @@ func dial(server string, pubkey []byte) (*sshClient, error) {
 		return nil, errors.New("no IPs associated with domain")
 	}
 	// Try to dial in to the remote server
-	logger.Trace("Dialing remote SSH server", "user", login)
+	logger.Trace("Dialing remote SSH server", "user", username)
-	if !strings.Contains(server, ":") {
-		server += ":22"
-	}
 	keycheck := func(hostname string, remote net.Addr, key ssh.PublicKey) error {
 		// If no public key is known for SSH, ask the user to confirm
 		if pubkey == nil {
@@ -139,13 +147,13 @@ func dial(server string, pubkey []byte) (*sshClient, error) {
 		// We have a mismatch, forbid connecting
 		return errors.New("ssh key mismatch, readd the machine to update")
 	}
-	client, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", server, &ssh.ClientConfig{User: login, Auth: auths, HostKeyCallback: keycheck})
+	client, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", hostport, &ssh.ClientConfig{User: username, Auth: auths, HostKeyCallback: keycheck})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Connection established, return our utility wrapper
 	c := &sshClient{
-		server:  label,
+		server:  hostname,
 		address: addr[0],
 		pubkey:  pubkey,
 		client:  client,

cmd/puppeth/wizard_netstats.go

@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ func (w *wizard) gatherStats(server string, pubkey []byte, client *sshClient) *s
 	logger.Info("Starting remote server health-check")
 
 	stat := &serverStat{
-		address:  client.address,
 		services: make(map[string]map[string]string),
 	}
 	if client == nil {
@@ -94,6 +93,8 @@ func (w *wizard) gatherStats(server string, pubkey []byte, client *sshClient) *s
 		}
 		client = conn
 	}
+	stat.address = client.address
+
 	// Client connected one way or another, run health-checks
 	logger.Debug("Checking for nginx availability")
 	if infos, err := checkNginx(client, w.network); err != nil {
@@ -214,6 +215,9 @@ func (stats serverStats) render() {
 		if len(stat.address) > len(separator[1]) {
 			separator[1] = strings.Repeat("-", len(stat.address))
 		}
+		if len(stat.failure) > len(separator[1]) {
+			separator[1] = strings.Repeat("-", len(stat.failure))
+		}
 		for service, configs := range stat.services {
 			if len(service) > len(separator[2]) {
 				separator[2] = strings.Repeat("-", len(service))
@@ -250,7 +254,11 @@ func (stats serverStats) render() {
 		sort.Strings(services)
 
 		if len(services) == 0 {
-			table.Append([]string{server, stats[server].address, "", "", ""})
+			if stats[server].failure != "" {
+				table.Append([]string{server, stats[server].failure, "", "", ""})
+			} else {
+				table.Append([]string{server, stats[server].address, "", "", ""})
+			}
 		}
 		for j, service := range services {
 			// Add an empty line between all services

cmd/puppeth/wizard_network.go

@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ func (w *wizard) manageServers() {
 	}
 }
 
-// makeServer reads a single line from stdin and interprets it as a hostname to
+// makeServer reads a single line from stdin and interprets it as
-// connect to. It tries to establish a new SSH session and also executing some
+// username:identity@hostname to connect to. It tries to establish a
-// baseline validations.
+// new SSH session and also executing some baseline validations.
 //
 // If connection succeeds, the server is added to the wizards configs!
 func (w *wizard) makeServer() string {
 	fmt.Println()
-	fmt.Println("Please enter remote server's address:")
+	fmt.Println("What is the remote server's address ([username[:identity]@]hostname[:port])?")
 
 	// Read and dial the server to ensure docker is present
 	input := w.readString()
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (w *wizard) makeServer() string {
 	return input
 }
 
-// selectServer lists the user all the currnetly known servers to choose from,
+// selectServer lists the user all the currently known servers to choose from,
 // also granting the option to add a new one.
 func (w *wizard) selectServer() string {
 	// List the available server to the user and wait for a choice
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func (w *wizard) selectServer() string {
 // manageComponents displays a list of network components the user can tear down
 // and an option
 func (w *wizard) manageComponents() {
-	// List all the componens we can tear down, along with an entry to deploy a new one
+	// List all the components we can tear down, along with an entry to deploy a new one
 	fmt.Println()
 
 	var serviceHosts, serviceNames []string

cmd/puppeth/wizard_node.go

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func (w *wizard) deployNode(boot bool) {
 		if boot {
 			infos = &nodeInfos{port: 30303, peersTotal: 512, peersLight: 256}
 		} else {
-			infos = &nodeInfos{port: 30303, peersTotal: 50, peersLight: 0, gasTarget: 4.7, gasPrice: 18}
+			infos = &nodeInfos{port: 30303, peersTotal: 50, peersLight: 0, gasTarget: 7.5, gasLimit: 10, gasPrice: 1}
 		}
 	}
 	existed := err == nil
@@ -152,6 +152,10 @@ func (w *wizard) deployNode(boot bool) {
 		fmt.Printf("What gas limit should empty blocks target (MGas)? (default = %0.3f)\n", infos.gasTarget)
 		infos.gasTarget = w.readDefaultFloat(infos.gasTarget)
 
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Printf("What gas limit should full blocks target (MGas)? (default = %0.3f)\n", infos.gasLimit)
+		infos.gasLimit = w.readDefaultFloat(infos.gasLimit)
+
 		fmt.Println()
 		fmt.Printf("What gas price should the signer require (GWei)? (default = %0.3f)\n", infos.gasPrice)
 		infos.gasPrice = w.readDefaultFloat(infos.gasPrice)

cmd/swarm/access.go

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/cmd/utils"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api/client"
+	"gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1"
+)
+
+var salt = make([]byte, 32)
+
+func init() {
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, salt); err != nil {
+		panic("reading from crypto/rand failed: " + err.Error())
+	}
+}
+
+func accessNewPass(ctx *cli.Context) {
+	args := ctx.Args()
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		utils.Fatalf("Expected 1 argument - the ref")
+	}
+
+	var (
+		ae        *api.AccessEntry
+		accessKey []byte
+		err       error
+		ref       = args[0]
+		password  = getPassPhrase("", 0, makePasswordList(ctx))
+		dryRun    = ctx.Bool(SwarmDryRunFlag.Name)
+	)
+	accessKey, ae, err = api.DoPassword(ctx, password, salt)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("error getting session key: %v", err)
+	}
+	m, err := api.GenerateAccessControlManifest(ctx, ref, accessKey, ae)
+	if dryRun {
+		err = printManifests(m, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error printing the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		err = uploadManifests(ctx, m, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error uploading the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func accessNewPK(ctx *cli.Context) {
+	args := ctx.Args()
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		utils.Fatalf("Expected 1 argument - the ref")
+	}
+
+	var (
+		ae               *api.AccessEntry
+		sessionKey       []byte
+		err              error
+		ref              = args[0]
+		privateKey       = getPrivKey(ctx)
+		granteePublicKey = ctx.String(SwarmAccessGrantKeyFlag.Name)
+		dryRun           = ctx.Bool(SwarmDryRunFlag.Name)
+	)
+	sessionKey, ae, err = api.DoPK(ctx, privateKey, granteePublicKey, salt)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("error getting session key: %v", err)
+	}
+	m, err := api.GenerateAccessControlManifest(ctx, ref, sessionKey, ae)
+	if dryRun {
+		err = printManifests(m, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error printing the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		err = uploadManifests(ctx, m, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error uploading the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func accessNewACT(ctx *cli.Context) {
+	args := ctx.Args()
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		utils.Fatalf("Expected 1 argument - the ref")
+	}
+
+	var (
+		ae                   *api.AccessEntry
+		actManifest          *api.Manifest
+		accessKey            []byte
+		err                  error
+		ref                  = args[0]
+		pkGrantees           = []string{}
+		passGrantees         = []string{}
+		pkGranteesFilename   = ctx.String(SwarmAccessGrantKeysFlag.Name)
+		passGranteesFilename = ctx.String(utils.PasswordFileFlag.Name)
+		privateKey           = getPrivKey(ctx)
+		dryRun               = ctx.Bool(SwarmDryRunFlag.Name)
+	)
+	if pkGranteesFilename == "" && passGranteesFilename == "" {
+		utils.Fatalf("you have to provide either a grantee public-keys file or an encryption passwords file (or both)")
+	}
+
+	if pkGranteesFilename != "" {
+		bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pkGranteesFilename)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error reading the grantee public key list")
+		}
+		pkGrantees = strings.Split(string(bytes), "\n")
+	}
+
+	if passGranteesFilename != "" {
+		bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(passGranteesFilename)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("could not read password filename: %v", err)
+		}
+		passGrantees = strings.Split(string(bytes), "\n")
+	}
+	accessKey, ae, actManifest, err = api.DoACT(ctx, privateKey, salt, pkGrantees, passGrantees)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("error generating ACT manifest: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("error getting session key: %v", err)
+	}
+	m, err := api.GenerateAccessControlManifest(ctx, ref, accessKey, ae)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("error generating root access manifest: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if dryRun {
+		err = printManifests(m, actManifest)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error printing the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		err = uploadManifests(ctx, m, actManifest)
+		if err != nil {
+			utils.Fatalf("had an error uploading the manifests: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func printManifests(rootAccessManifest, actManifest *api.Manifest) error {
+	js, err := json.Marshal(rootAccessManifest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	fmt.Println(string(js))
+
+	if actManifest != nil {
+		js, err := json.Marshal(actManifest)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		fmt.Println(string(js))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uploadManifests(ctx *cli.Context, rootAccessManifest, actManifest *api.Manifest) error {
+	bzzapi := strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
+	client := client.NewClient(bzzapi)
+
+	var (
+		key string
+		err error
+	)
+	if actManifest != nil {
+		key, err = client.UploadManifest(actManifest, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		rootAccessManifest.Entries[0].Access.Act = key
+	}
+	key, err = client.UploadManifest(rootAccessManifest, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	fmt.Println(key)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// makePasswordList reads password lines from the file specified by the global --password flag
+// and also by the same subcommand --password flag.
+// This function ia a fork of utils.MakePasswordList to lookup cli context for subcommand.
+// Function ctx.SetGlobal is not setting the global flag value that can be accessed
+// by ctx.GlobalString using the current version of cli package.
+func makePasswordList(ctx *cli.Context) []string {
+	path := ctx.GlobalString(utils.PasswordFileFlag.Name)
+	if path == "" {
+		path = ctx.String(utils.PasswordFileFlag.Name)
+		if path == "" {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	text, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read password file: %v", err)
+	}
+	lines := strings.Split(string(text), "\n")
+	// Sanitise DOS line endings.
+	for i := range lines {
+		lines[i] = strings.TrimRight(lines[i], "\r")
+	}
+	return lines
+}

cmd/swarm/access_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,605 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+// +build !windows
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	gorand "math/rand"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/ecies"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/sha3"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api"
+	swarm "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api/client"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/testutil"
+)
+
+const (
+	hashRegexp = `[a-f\d]{128}`
+	data       = "notsorandomdata"
+)
+
+var DefaultCurve = crypto.S256()
+
+// TestAccessPassword tests for the correct creation of an ACT manifest protected by a password.
+// The test creates bogus content, uploads it encrypted, then creates the wrapping manifest with the Access entry
+// The parties participating - node (publisher), uploads to second node then disappears. Content which was uploaded
+// is then fetched through 2nd node. since the tested code is not key-aware - we can just
+// fetch from the 2nd node using HTTP BasicAuth
+func TestAccessPassword(t *testing.T) {
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 1)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+	proxyNode := cluster.Nodes[0]
+
+	dataFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, data)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(dataFilename)
+
+	// upload the file with 'swarm up' and expect a hash
+	up := runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		proxyNode.URL, //it doesn't matter through which node we upload content
+		"up",
+		"--encrypt",
+		dataFilename)
+	_, matches := up.ExpectRegexp(hashRegexp)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) < 1 {
+		t.Fatal("no matches found")
+	}
+
+	ref := matches[0]
+	tmp, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
+	password := "smth"
+	passwordFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, "smth")
+	defer os.RemoveAll(passwordFilename)
+
+	up = runSwarm(t,
+		"access",
+		"new",
+		"pass",
+		"--dry-run",
+		"--password",
+		passwordFilename,
+		ref,
+	)
+
+	_, matches = up.ExpectRegexp(".+")
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("stdout not matched")
+	}
+
+	var m api.Manifest
+
+	err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(matches[0]), &m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal manifest: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(m.Entries) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one manifest entry, got %v", len(m.Entries))
+	}
+
+	e := m.Entries[0]
+
+	ct := "application/bzz-manifest+json"
+	if e.ContentType != ct {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q content type, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+	}
+
+	if e.Access == nil {
+		t.Fatal("manifest access is nil")
+	}
+
+	a := e.Access
+
+	if a.Type != "pass" {
+		t.Errorf(`got access type %q, expected "pass"`, a.Type)
+	}
+	if len(a.Salt) < 32 {
+		t.Errorf(`got salt with length %v, expected not less the 32 bytes`, len(a.Salt))
+	}
+	if a.KdfParams == nil {
+		t.Fatal("manifest access kdf params is nil")
+	}
+	if a.Publisher != "" {
+		t.Fatal("should be empty")
+	}
+	client := swarm.NewClient(cluster.Nodes[0].URL)
+
+	hash, err := client.UploadManifest(&m, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+
+	url := cluster.Nodes[0].URL + "/" + "bzz:/" + hash
+	response, err := httpClient.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if response.StatusCode != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatal("should be a 401")
+	}
+	authHeader := response.Header.Get("WWW-Authenticate")
+	if authHeader == "" {
+		t.Fatal("should be something here")
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	req.SetBasicAuth("", password)
+
+	response, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer response.Body.Close()
+
+	if response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Errorf("expected status %v, got %v", http.StatusOK, response.StatusCode)
+	}
+	d, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if string(d) != data {
+		t.Errorf("expected decrypted data %q, got %q", data, string(d))
+	}
+
+	wrongPasswordFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, "just wr0ng")
+	defer os.RemoveAll(wrongPasswordFilename)
+
+	//download file with 'swarm down' with wrong password
+	up = runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		proxyNode.URL,
+		"down",
+		"bzz:/"+hash,
+		tmp,
+		"--password",
+		wrongPasswordFilename)
+
+	_, matches = up.ExpectRegexp("unauthorized")
+	if len(matches) != 1 && matches[0] != "unauthorized" {
+		t.Fatal(`"unauthorized" not found in output"`)
+	}
+	up.ExpectExit()
+}
+
+// TestAccessPK tests for the correct creation of an ACT manifest between two parties (publisher and grantee).
+// The test creates bogus content, uploads it encrypted, then creates the wrapping manifest with the Access entry
+// The parties participating - node (publisher), uploads to second node (which is also the grantee) then disappears.
+// Content which was uploaded is then fetched through the grantee's http proxy. Since the tested code is private-key aware,
+// the test will fail if the proxy's given private key is not granted on the ACT.
+func TestAccessPK(t *testing.T) {
+	// Setup Swarm and upload a test file to it
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 2)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+
+	dataFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, data)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(dataFilename)
+
+	// upload the file with 'swarm up' and expect a hash
+	up := runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"up",
+		"--encrypt",
+		dataFilename)
+	_, matches := up.ExpectRegexp(hashRegexp)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) < 1 {
+		t.Fatal("no matches found")
+	}
+
+	ref := matches[0]
+	pk := cluster.Nodes[0].PrivateKey
+	granteePubKey := crypto.CompressPubkey(&pk.PublicKey)
+
+	publisherDir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-account-dir-temp")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	passwordFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, testPassphrase)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(passwordFilename)
+
+	_, publisherAccount := getTestAccount(t, publisherDir)
+	up = runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzaccount",
+		publisherAccount.Address.String(),
+		"--password",
+		passwordFilename,
+		"--datadir",
+		publisherDir,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"access",
+		"new",
+		"pk",
+		"--dry-run",
+		"--grant-key",
+		hex.EncodeToString(granteePubKey),
+		ref,
+	)
+
+	_, matches = up.ExpectRegexp(".+")
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("stdout not matched")
+	}
+
+	//get the public key from the publisher directory
+	publicKeyFromDataDir := runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzaccount",
+		publisherAccount.Address.String(),
+		"--password",
+		passwordFilename,
+		"--datadir",
+		publisherDir,
+		"print-keys",
+		"--compressed",
+	)
+	_, publicKeyString := publicKeyFromDataDir.ExpectRegexp(".+")
+	publicKeyFromDataDir.ExpectExit()
+	pkComp := strings.Split(publicKeyString[0], "=")[1]
+	var m api.Manifest
+
+	err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(matches[0]), &m)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal manifest: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(m.Entries) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one manifest entry, got %v", len(m.Entries))
+	}
+
+	e := m.Entries[0]
+
+	ct := "application/bzz-manifest+json"
+	if e.ContentType != ct {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q content type, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+	}
+
+	if e.Access == nil {
+		t.Fatal("manifest access is nil")
+	}
+
+	a := e.Access
+
+	if a.Type != "pk" {
+		t.Errorf(`got access type %q, expected "pk"`, a.Type)
+	}
+	if len(a.Salt) < 32 {
+		t.Errorf(`got salt with length %v, expected not less the 32 bytes`, len(a.Salt))
+	}
+	if a.KdfParams != nil {
+		t.Fatal("manifest access kdf params should be nil")
+	}
+	if a.Publisher != pkComp {
+		t.Fatal("publisher key did not match")
+	}
+	client := swarm.NewClient(cluster.Nodes[0].URL)
+
+	hash, err := client.UploadManifest(&m, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+
+	url := cluster.Nodes[0].URL + "/" + "bzz:/" + hash
+	response, err := httpClient.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatal("should be a 200")
+	}
+	d, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if string(d) != data {
+		t.Errorf("expected decrypted data %q, got %q", data, string(d))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAccessACT tests the creation of the ACT manifest end-to-end, without any bogus entries (i.e. default scenario = 3 nodes 1 unauthorized)
+func TestAccessACT(t *testing.T) {
+	testAccessACT(t, 0)
+}
+
+// TestAccessACTScale tests the creation of the ACT manifest end-to-end, with 1000 bogus entries (i.e. 1000 EC keys + default scenario = 3 nodes 1 unauthorized = 1003 keys in the ACT manifest)
+func TestAccessACTScale(t *testing.T) {
+	testAccessACT(t, 1000)
+}
+
+// TestAccessACT tests the e2e creation, uploading and downloading of an ACT access control with both EC keys AND password protection
+// the test fires up a 3 node cluster, then randomly picks 2 nodes which will be acting as grantees to the data
+// set and also protects the ACT with a password. the third node should fail decoding the reference as it will not be granted access.
+// the third node then then tries to download using a correct password (and succeeds) then uses a wrong password and fails.
+// the publisher uploads through one of the nodes then disappears.
+func testAccessACT(t *testing.T, bogusEntries int) {
+	// Setup Swarm and upload a test file to it
+	const clusterSize = 3
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, clusterSize)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+
+	var uploadThroughNode = cluster.Nodes[0]
+	client := swarm.NewClient(uploadThroughNode.URL)
+
+	r1 := gorand.New(gorand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
+	nodeToSkip := r1.Intn(clusterSize) // a number between 0 and 2 (node indices in `cluster`)
+	dataFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, data)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(dataFilename)
+
+	// upload the file with 'swarm up' and expect a hash
+	up := runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"up",
+		"--encrypt",
+		dataFilename)
+	_, matches := up.ExpectRegexp(hashRegexp)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) < 1 {
+		t.Fatal("no matches found")
+	}
+
+	ref := matches[0]
+	grantees := []string{}
+	for i, v := range cluster.Nodes {
+		if i == nodeToSkip {
+			continue
+		}
+		pk := v.PrivateKey
+		granteePubKey := crypto.CompressPubkey(&pk.PublicKey)
+		grantees = append(grantees, hex.EncodeToString(granteePubKey))
+	}
+
+	if bogusEntries > 0 {
+		bogusGrantees := []string{}
+
+		for i := 0; i < bogusEntries; i++ {
+			prv, err := ecies.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, DefaultCurve, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			bogusGrantees = append(bogusGrantees, hex.EncodeToString(crypto.CompressPubkey(&prv.ExportECDSA().PublicKey)))
+		}
+		r2 := gorand.New(gorand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
+		for i := 0; i < len(grantees); i++ {
+			insertAtIdx := r2.Intn(len(bogusGrantees))
+			bogusGrantees = append(bogusGrantees[:insertAtIdx], append([]string{grantees[i]}, bogusGrantees[insertAtIdx:]...)...)
+		}
+		grantees = bogusGrantees
+	}
+	granteesPubkeyListFile := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, strings.Join(grantees, "\n"))
+	defer os.RemoveAll(granteesPubkeyListFile)
+
+	publisherDir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-account-dir-temp")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(publisherDir)
+
+	passwordFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, testPassphrase)
+	defer os.RemoveAll(passwordFilename)
+	actPasswordFilename := testutil.TempFileWithContent(t, "smth")
+	defer os.RemoveAll(actPasswordFilename)
+	_, publisherAccount := getTestAccount(t, publisherDir)
+	up = runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzaccount",
+		publisherAccount.Address.String(),
+		"--password",
+		passwordFilename,
+		"--datadir",
+		publisherDir,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"access",
+		"new",
+		"act",
+		"--grant-keys",
+		granteesPubkeyListFile,
+		"--password",
+		actPasswordFilename,
+		ref,
+	)
+
+	_, matches = up.ExpectRegexp(`[a-f\d]{64}`)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("stdout not matched")
+	}
+
+	//get the public key from the publisher directory
+	publicKeyFromDataDir := runSwarm(t,
+		"--bzzaccount",
+		publisherAccount.Address.String(),
+		"--password",
+		passwordFilename,
+		"--datadir",
+		publisherDir,
+		"print-keys",
+		"--compressed",
+	)
+	_, publicKeyString := publicKeyFromDataDir.ExpectRegexp(".+")
+	publicKeyFromDataDir.ExpectExit()
+	pkComp := strings.Split(publicKeyString[0], "=")[1]
+
+	hash := matches[0]
+	m, _, err := client.DownloadManifest(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal manifest: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(m.Entries) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one manifest entry, got %v", len(m.Entries))
+	}
+
+	e := m.Entries[0]
+
+	ct := "application/bzz-manifest+json"
+	if e.ContentType != ct {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q content type, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+	}
+
+	if e.Access == nil {
+		t.Fatal("manifest access is nil")
+	}
+
+	a := e.Access
+
+	if a.Type != "act" {
+		t.Fatalf(`got access type %q, expected "act"`, a.Type)
+	}
+	if len(a.Salt) < 32 {
+		t.Fatalf(`got salt with length %v, expected not less the 32 bytes`, len(a.Salt))
+	}
+
+	if a.Publisher != pkComp {
+		t.Fatal("publisher key did not match")
+	}
+	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+
+	// all nodes except the skipped node should be able to decrypt the content
+	for i, node := range cluster.Nodes {
+		log.Debug("trying to fetch from node", "node index", i)
+
+		url := node.URL + "/" + "bzz:/" + hash
+		response, err := httpClient.Get(url)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		log.Debug("got response from node", "response code", response.StatusCode)
+
+		if i == nodeToSkip {
+			log.Debug("reached node to skip", "status code", response.StatusCode)
+
+			if response.StatusCode != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+				t.Fatalf("should be a 401")
+			}
+
+			// try downloading using a password instead, using the unauthorized node
+			passwordUrl := strings.Replace(url, "http://", "http://:smth@", -1)
+			response, err = httpClient.Get(passwordUrl)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+				t.Fatal("should be a 200")
+			}
+
+			// now try with the wrong password, expect 401
+			passwordUrl = strings.Replace(url, "http://", "http://:smthWrong@", -1)
+			response, err = httpClient.Get(passwordUrl)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if response.StatusCode != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+				t.Fatal("should be a 401")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatal("should be a 200")
+		}
+		d, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if string(d) != data {
+			t.Errorf("expected decrypted data %q, got %q", data, string(d))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestKeypairSanity is a sanity test for the crypto scheme for ACT. it asserts the correct shared secret according to
+// the specs at https://github.com/ethersphere/swarm-docs/blob/eb857afda906c6e7bb90d37f3f334ccce5eef230/act.md
+func TestKeypairSanity(t *testing.T) {
+	salt := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, salt); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("reading from crypto/rand failed: %v", err.Error())
+	}
+	sharedSecret := "a85586744a1ddd56a7ed9f33fa24f40dd745b3a941be296a0d60e329dbdb896d"
+
+	for i, v := range []struct {
+		publisherPriv string
+		granteePub    string
+	}{
+		{
+			publisherPriv: "ec5541555f3bc6376788425e9d1a62f55a82901683fd7062c5eddcc373a73459",
+			granteePub:    "0226f213613e843a413ad35b40f193910d26eb35f00154afcde9ded57479a6224a",
+		},
+		{
+			publisherPriv: "70c7a73011aa56584a0009ab874794ee7e5652fd0c6911cd02f8b6267dd82d2d",
+			granteePub:    "02e6f8d5e28faaa899744972bb847b6eb805a160494690c9ee7197ae9f619181db",
+		},
+	} {
+		b, _ := hex.DecodeString(v.granteePub)
+		granteePub, _ := crypto.DecompressPubkey(b)
+		publisherPrivate, _ := crypto.HexToECDSA(v.publisherPriv)
+
+		ssKey, err := api.NewSessionKeyPK(publisherPrivate, granteePub, salt)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		hasher := sha3.NewKeccak256()
+		hasher.Write(salt)
+		shared, err := hex.DecodeString(sharedSecret)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		hasher.Write(shared)
+		sum := hasher.Sum(nil)
+
+		if !bytes.Equal(ssKey, sum) {
+			t.Fatalf("%d: got a session key mismatch", i)
+		}
+	}
+}

cmd/swarm/bootnodes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package main
+
+var SwarmBootnodes = []string{
+	// Foundation Swarm Gateway Cluster
+	"enode://e5c6f9215c919a5450a7b8c14c22535607b69f2c8e1e7f6f430cb25d7a2c27cd1df4c4f18ad7c1d7e5162e271ffcd3f20b1a1467fb6e790e7d727f3b2193de97@52.232.7.187:30399",
+	"enode://9b2fe07e69ccc7db5fef15793dab7d7d2e697ed92132d6e9548218e68a34613a8671ad03a6658d862b468ed693cae8a0f8f8d37274e4a657ffb59ca84676e45b@52.232.7.187:30400",
+	"enode://76c1059162c93ef9df0f01097c824d17c492634df211ef4c806935b349082233b63b90c23970254b3b7138d630400f7cf9b71e80355a446a8b733296cb04169a@52.232.7.187:30401",
+	"enode://ce46bbe2a8263145d65252d52da06e000ad350ed09c876a71ea9544efa42f63c1e1b6cc56307373aaad8f9dd069c90d0ed2dd1530106200e16f4ca681dd8ae2d@52.232.7.187:30402",
+	"enode://f431e0d6008a6c35c6e670373d828390c8323e53da8158e7bfc43cf07e632cc9e472188be8df01decadea2d4a068f1428caba769b632554a8fb0607bc296988f@52.232.7.187:30403",
+	"enode://174720abfff83d7392f121108ae50ea54e04889afe020df883655c0f6cb95414db945a0228d8982fe000d86fc9f4b7669161adc89cd7cd56f78f01489ab2b99b@52.232.7.187:30404",
+	"enode://2ae89be4be61a689b6f9ecee4360a59e185e010ab750f14b63b4ae43d4180e872e18e3437d4386ce44875dc7cc6eb761acba06412fe3178f3dac1dab3b65703e@52.232.7.187:30405",
+	"enode://24abebe1c0e6d75d6052ce3219a87be8573fd6397b4cb51f0773b83abba9b3d872bfb273cdc07389715b87adfac02f5235f5241442c5089802cbd8d42e310fce@52.232.7.187:30406",
+	"enode://d08dfa46bfbbdbcaafbb6e34abee4786610f6c91e0b76d7881f0334ac10dda41d8c1f2b6eedffb4493293c335c0ad46776443b2208d1fbbb9e1a90b25ee4eef2@52.232.7.187:30407",
+	"enode://8d95eb0f837d27581a43668ed3b8783d69dc4e84aa3edd7a0897e026155c8f59c8702fdc0375ee7bac15757c9c78e1315d9b73e4ce59c936db52ea4ae2f501c7@52.232.7.187:30408",
+	"enode://a5967cc804aebd422baaaba9f06f27c9e695ccab335b61088130f8cbe64e3cdf78793868c7051dfc06eecfe844fad54bc7f6dfaed9db3c7ecef279cb829c25fb@52.232.7.187:30409",
+	"enode://5f00134d81a8f2ebcc46f8766f627f492893eda48138f811b7de2168308171968f01710bca6da05764e74f14bae41652f554e6321f1aed85fa3461e89d075dbf@52.232.7.187:30410",
+	"enode://b2142b79b01a5aa66a5e23cc35e78219a8e97bc2412a6698cee24ae02e87078b725d71730711bd62e25ff1aa8658c6633778af8ac14c63814a337c3dd0ebda9f@52.232.7.187:30411",
+	"enode://1ffa7651094867d6486ce3ef46d27a052c2cb968b618346c6df7040322c7efc3337547ba85d4cbba32e8b31c42c867202554735c06d4c664b9afada2ed0c4b3c@52.232.7.187:30412",
+	"enode://129e0c3d5f5df12273754f6f703d2424409fa4baa599e0b758c55600169313887855e75b082028d2302ec034b303898cd697cc7ae8256ba924ce927510da2c8d@52.232.7.187:30413",
+	"enode://419e2dc0d2f5b022cf16b0e28842658284909fa027a0fbbb5e2b755e7f846ea02a8f0b66a7534981edf6a7bcf8a14855344c6668e2cd4476ccd35a11537c9144@52.232.7.187:30414",
+	"enode://23d55ad900583231b91f2f62e3f72eb498b342afd58b682be3af052eed62b5651094471065981de33d8786f075f05e3cca499503b0ac8ae84b2a06e99f5b0723@52.232.7.187:30415",
+	"enode://bc56e4158c00e9f616d7ea533def20a89bef959df4e62a768ff238ff4e1e9223f57ecff969941c20921bad98749baae311c0fbebce53bf7bbb9d3dc903640990@52.232.7.187:30416",
+	"enode://433ce15199c409875e7e72fffd69fdafe746f17b20f0d5555281722a65fde6c80328fab600d37d8624509adc072c445ce0dad4a1c01cff6acf3132c11d429d4d@52.232.7.187:30417",
+	"enode://632ee95b8f0eac51ef89ceb29313fef3a60050181d66a6b125583b1a225a7694b252edc016efb58aa3b251da756cb73280842a022c658ed405223b2f58626343@52.232.7.187:30418",
+	"enode://4a0f9bcff7a4b9ee453fb298d0fb222592efe121512e30cd72fef631beb8c6a15153a1456eb073ee18551c0e003c569651a101892dc4124e90b933733a498bb5@52.232.7.187:30419",
+	"enode://f0d80fbc72d16df30e19aac3051eb56a7aff0c8367686702e01ea132d8b0b3ee00cadd6a859d2cca98ec68d3d574f8a8a87dba2347ec1e2818dc84bc3fa34fae@52.232.7.187:30420",
+	"enode://a199146906e4f9f2b94b195a8308d9a59a3564b92efaab898a4243fe4c2ad918b7a8e4853d9d901d94fad878270a2669d644591299c3d43de1b298c00b92b4a7@52.232.7.187:30421",
+	"enode://052036ea8736b37adbfb684d90ce43e11b3591b51f31489d7c726b03618dea4f73b1e659deb928e6bf40564edcdcf08351643f42db3d4ca1c2b5db95dad59e94@52.232.7.187:30422",
+	"enode://460e2b8c6da8f12fac96c836e7d108f4b7ec55a1c64631bb8992339e117e1c28328fee83af863196e20af1487a655d13e5ceba90e980e92502d5bac5834c1f71@52.232.7.187:30423",
+	"enode://6d2cdd13741b2e72e9031e1b93c6d9a4e68de2844aa4e939f6a8a8498a7c1d7e2ee4c64217e92a6df08c9a32c6764d173552810ef1bd2ecb356532d389dd2136@52.232.7.187:30424",
+	"enode://62105fc25ce2cd5b299647f47eaa9211502dc76f0e9f461df915782df7242ac3223e3db04356ae6ed2977ccac20f0b16864406e9ca514a40a004cb6a5d0402aa@52.232.7.187:30425",
+	"enode://e0e388fc520fd493c33f0ce16685e6f98fb6aec28f2edc14ee6b179594ee519a896425b0025bb6f0e182dd3e468443f19c70885fbc66560d000093a668a86aa8@52.232.7.187:30426",
+	"enode://63f3353a72521ea10022127a4fe6b4acbef197c3fe668fd9f4805542d8a6fcf79f6335fbab62d180a35e19b739483e740858b113fdd7c13a26ad7b4e318a5aef@52.232.7.187:30427",
+	"enode://33a42b927085678d4aefd4e70b861cfca6ef5f6c143696c4f755973fd29e64c9e658cad57a66a687a7a156da1e3688b1fbdd17bececff2ee009fff038fa5666b@52.232.7.187:30428",
+	"enode://259ab5ab5c1daee3eab7e3819ab3177b82d25c29e6c2444fdd3f956e356afae79a72840ccf2d0665fe82c81ebc3b3734da1178ac9fd5d62c67e674b69f86b6be@52.232.7.187:30429",
+	"enode://558bccad7445ce3fd8db116ed6ab4aed1324fdbdac2348417340c1764dc46d46bffe0728e5b7d5c36f12e794c289f18f57f08f085d2c65c9910a5c7a65b6a66a@52.232.7.187:30430",
+	"enode://abe60937a0657ffded718e3f84a32987286983be257bdd6004775c4b525747c2b598f4fac49c8de324de5ce75b22673fa541a7ce2d555fb7f8ca325744ae3577@52.232.7.187:30431",
+	"enode://bce6f0aaa5b230742680084df71d4f026b3eff7f564265599216a1b06b765303fdc9325de30ffd5dfdaf302ce4b14322891d2faea50ce2ca298d7409f5858339@52.232.7.187:30432",
+	"enode://21b957c4e03277d42be6660730ec1b93f540764f26c6abdb54d006611139c7081248486206dfbf64fcaffd62589e9c6b8ea77a5297e4b21a605f1bcf49483ed0@52.232.7.187:30433",
+	"enode://ff104e30e64f24c3d7328acee8b13354e5551bc8d60bb25ecbd9632d955c7e34bb2d969482d173355baad91c8282f8b592624eb3929151090da3b4448d4d58fb@52.232.7.187:30434",
+	"enode://c76e2b5f81a521bceaec1518926a21380a345df9cf463461562c6845795512497fb67679e155fc96a74350f8b78de8f4c135dd52b106dbbb9795452021d09ea5@52.232.7.187:30435",
+	"enode://3288fd860105164f3e9b69934c4eb18f7146cfab31b5a671f994e21a36e9287766e5f9f075aefbc404538c77f7c2eb2a4495020a7633a1c3970d94e9fa770aeb@52.232.7.187:30436",
+	"enode://6cea859c7396d46b20cfcaa80f9a11cd112f8684f2f782f7b4c0e1e0af9212113429522075101923b9b957603e6c32095a6a07b5e5e35183c521952ee108dfaf@52.232.7.187:30437",
+	"enode://f628ec56e4ca8317cc24cc4ac9b27b95edcce7b96e1c7f3b53e30de4a8580fe44f2f0694a513bdb0a431acaf2824074d6ace4690247bbc34c14f426af8c056ea@52.232.7.187:30438",
+	"enode://055ec8b26fc105c4f97970a1cce9773a5e34c03f511b839db742198a1c571e292c54aa799e9afb991cc8a560529b8cdf3e0c344bc6c282aff2f68eec59361ddf@52.232.7.187:30439",
+	"enode://48cb0d430c328974226aa33a931d8446cd5a8d40f3ead8f4ce7ad60faa1278192eb6d58bed91258d63e81f255fc107eec2425ce2ae8b22350dd556076e160610@52.232.7.187:30440",
+	"enode://3fadb7af7f770d5ffc6b073b8d42834bebb18ce1fe8a4fe270d2b799e7051327093960dc61d9a18870db288f7746a0e6ea2a013cd6ab0e5f97ca08199473aace@52.232.7.187:30441",
+	"enode://a5d7168024c9992769cf380ffa559a64b4f39a29d468f579559863814eb0ae0ed689ac0871a3a2b4c78b03297485ec322d578281131ef5d5c09a4beb6200a97a@52.232.7.187:30442",
+	"enode://9c57744c5b2c2d71abcbe80512652f9234d4ab041b768a2a886ab390fe6f184860f40e113290698652d7e20a8ac74d27ac8671db23eb475b6c5e6253e4693bf8@52.232.7.187:30443",
+	"enode://daca9ff0c3176045a0e0ed228dee00ec86bc0939b135dc6b1caa23745d20fd0332e1ee74ad04020e89df56c7146d831a91b89d15ca3df05ba7618769fefab376@52.232.7.187:30444",
+	"enode://a3f6af59428cb4b9acb198db15ef5554fa43c2b0c18e468a269722d64a27218963a2975eaf82750b6262e42192b5e3669ea51337b4cda62b33987981bc5e0c1a@52.232.7.187:30445",
+	"enode://fe571422fa4651c3354c85dac61911a6a6520dd3c0332967a49d4133ca30e16a8a4946fa73ca2cb5de77917ea701a905e1c3015b2f4defcd53132b61cc84127a@52.232.7.187:30446",
+
+	// Mainframe
+	"enode://ee9a5a571ea6c8a59f9a8bb2c569c865e922b41c91d09b942e8c1d4dd2e1725bd2c26149da14de1f6321a2c6fdf1e07c503c3e093fb61696daebf74d6acd916b@54.186.219.160:30399",
+	"enode://a03f0562ecb8a992ad5242345535e73483cdc18ab934d36bf24b567d43447c2cea68f89f1d51d504dd13acc30f24ebce5a150bea2ccb1b722122ce4271dc199d@52.67.248.147:30399",
+	"enode://e2cbf9eafd85903d3b1c56743035284320695e0072bc8d7396e0542aa5e1c321b236f67eab66b79c2f15d4447fa4bbe74dd67d0467da23e7eb829f60ec8a812b@13.58.169.1:30399",
+	"enode://8b8c6bda6047f1cad9fab2db4d3d02b7aa26279902c32879f7bcd4a7d189fee77fdc36ee151ce6b84279b4792e72578fd529d2274d014132465758fbfee51cee@13.209.13.15:30399",
+	"enode://63f6a8818927e429585287cf2ca0cb9b11fa990b7b9b331c2962cdc6f21807a2473b26e8256225c26caff70d7218e59586d704d49061452c6852e382c885d03c@35.154.106.174:30399",
+	"enode://ed4bd3b794ed73f18e6dcc70c6624dfec63b5654f6ab54e8f40b16eff8afbd342d4230e099ddea40e84423f81b2d2ea79799dc345257b1fec6f6c422c9d008f7@52.213.20.99:30399",
+}

cmd/swarm/config.go

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ const (
 	SWARM_ENV_STORE_PATH           = "SWARM_STORE_PATH"
 	SWARM_ENV_STORE_CAPACITY       = "SWARM_STORE_CAPACITY"
 	SWARM_ENV_STORE_CACHE_CAPACITY = "SWARM_STORE_CACHE_CAPACITY"
+	SWARM_ACCESS_PASSWORD          = "SWARM_ACCESS_PASSWORD"
 	GETH_ENV_DATADIR               = "GETH_DATADIR"
 )
 
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ func initSwarmNode(config *bzzapi.Config, stack *node.Node, ctx *cli.Context) {
 	log.Debug(printConfig(config))
 }
 
-//override the current config with whatever is in the config file, if a config file has been provided
+//configFileOverride overrides the current config with the config file, if a config file has been provided
 func configFileOverride(config *bzzapi.Config, ctx *cli.Context) (*bzzapi.Config, error) {
 	var err error
 
@@ -142,7 +143,8 @@ func configFileOverride(config *bzzapi.Config, ctx *cli.Context) (*bzzapi.Config
 		if filepath = ctx.GlobalString(SwarmTomlConfigPathFlag.Name); filepath == "" {
 			utils.Fatalf("Config file flag provided with invalid file path")
 		}
-		f, err := os.Open(filepath)
+		var f *os.File
+		f, err = os.Open(filepath)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -231,10 +233,6 @@ func cmdLineOverride(currentConfig *bzzapi.Config, ctx *cli.Context) *bzzapi.Con
 		currentConfig.Cors = cors
 	}
 
-	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.BootnodesFlag.Name) {
-		currentConfig.BootNodes = ctx.GlobalString(utils.BootnodesFlag.Name)
-	}
-
 	if storePath := ctx.GlobalString(SwarmStorePath.Name); storePath != "" {
 		currentConfig.LocalStoreParams.ChunkDbPath = storePath
 	}
@@ -332,10 +330,6 @@ func envVarsOverride(currentConfig *bzzapi.Config) (config *bzzapi.Config) {
 		currentConfig.Cors = cors
 	}
 
-	if bootnodes := os.Getenv(SWARM_ENV_BOOTNODES); bootnodes != "" {
-		currentConfig.BootNodes = bootnodes
-	}
-
 	return currentConfig
 }
 

cmd/swarm/config_test.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"testing"
@@ -559,3 +560,16 @@ func TestValidateConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func assignTCPPort() (string, error) {
+	l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	l.Close()
+	_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(l.Addr().String())
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return port, nil
+}

cmd/swarm/download.go

@@ -68,18 +68,36 @@ func download(ctx *cli.Context) {
 		utils.Fatalf("could not parse uri argument: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	// assume behaviour according to --recursive switch
+	dl := func(credentials string) error {
-	if isRecursive {
+		// assume behaviour according to --recursive switch
-		if err := client.DownloadDirectory(uri.Addr, uri.Path, dest); err != nil {
+		if isRecursive {
-			utils.Fatalf("encoutered an error while downloading directory: %v", err)
+			if err := client.DownloadDirectory(uri.Addr, uri.Path, dest, credentials); err != nil {
-		}
+				if err == swarm.ErrUnauthorized {
-	} else {
+					return err
-		// we are downloading a file
+				}
-		log.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("downloading file/path from a manifest. hash: %s, path:%s", uri.Addr, uri.Path))
+				return fmt.Errorf("directory %s: %v", uri.Path, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			// we are downloading a file
+			log.Debug("downloading file/path from a manifest", "uri.Addr", uri.Addr, "uri.Path", uri.Path)
 
-		err := client.DownloadFile(uri.Addr, uri.Path, dest)
+			err := client.DownloadFile(uri.Addr, uri.Path, dest, credentials)
-		if err != nil {
+			if err != nil {
-			utils.Fatalf("could not download %s from given address: %s. error: %v", uri.Path, uri.Addr, err)
+				if err == swarm.ErrUnauthorized {
+					return err
+				}
+				return fmt.Errorf("file %s from address: %s: %v", uri.Path, uri.Addr, err)
+			}
 		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if passwords := makePasswordList(ctx); passwords != nil {
+		password := getPassPhrase(fmt.Sprintf("Downloading %s is restricted", uri), 0, passwords)
+		err = dl(password)
+	} else {
+		err = dl("")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("download: %v", err)
 	}
 }

cmd/swarm/fs_test.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-// +build linux darwin freebsd
+// +build linux freebsd
 
 package main
 
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ type testFile struct {
 }
 
 // TestCLISwarmFs is a high-level test of swarmfs
+//
+// This test fails on travis for macOS as this executable exits with code 1
+// and without any log messages in the log:
+// /Library/Filesystems/osxfuse.fs/Contents/Resources/load_osxfuse.
+// This is the reason for this file not being built on darwin architecture.
 func TestCLISwarmFs(t *testing.T) {
-	// This test fails on travis as this executable exits with code 1
-	// and without any log messages in the log.
-	// /Library/Filesystems/osxfuse.fs/Contents/Resources/load_osxfuse
-	t.Skip()
-
 	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 3)
 	defer cluster.Shutdown()
 

cmd/swarm/hash.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func hash(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	defer f.Close()
 
 	stat, _ := f.Stat()
-	fileStore := storage.NewFileStore(storage.NewMapChunkStore(), storage.NewFileStoreParams())
+	fileStore := storage.NewFileStore(&storage.FakeChunkStore{}, storage.NewFileStoreParams())
 	addr, _, err := fileStore.Store(context.TODO(), f, stat.Size(), false)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("%v\n", err)

cmd/swarm/list.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func list(ctx *cli.Context) {
 
 	bzzapi := strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
 	client := swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
-	list, err := client.List(manifest, prefix)
+	list, err := client.List(manifest, prefix, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Failed to generate file and directory list: %s", err)
 	}

cmd/swarm/main.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"os"
@@ -37,7 +38,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/debug"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/node"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/discover"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm"
 	bzzapi "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api"
@@ -67,14 +67,7 @@ OPTIONS:
 `
 
 var (
-	gitCommit        string // Git SHA1 commit hash of the release (set via linker flags)
+	gitCommit string // Git SHA1 commit hash of the release (set via linker flags)
-	testbetBootNodes = []string{
-		"enode://ec8ae764f7cb0417bdfb009b9d0f18ab3818a3a4e8e7c67dd5f18971a93510a2e6f43cd0b69a27e439a9629457ea804104f37c85e41eed057d3faabbf7744cdf@13.74.157.139:30429",
-		"enode://c2e1fceb3bf3be19dff71eec6cccf19f2dbf7567ee017d130240c670be8594bc9163353ca55dd8df7a4f161dd94b36d0615c17418b5a3cdcbb4e9d99dfa4de37@13.74.157.139:30430",
-		"enode://fe29b82319b734ce1ec68b84657d57145fee237387e63273989d354486731e59f78858e452ef800a020559da22dcca759536e6aa5517c53930d29ce0b1029286@13.74.157.139:30431",
-		"enode://1d7187e7bde45cf0bee489ce9852dd6d1a0d9aa67a33a6b8e6db8a4fbc6fcfa6f0f1a5419343671521b863b187d1c73bad3603bae66421d157ffef357669ddb8@13.74.157.139:30432",
-		"enode://0e4cba800f7b1ee73673afa6a4acead4018f0149d2e3216be3f133318fd165b324cd71b81fbe1e80deac8dbf56e57a49db7be67f8b9bc81bd2b7ee496434fb5d@13.74.157.139:30433",
-	}
 )
 
 var (
@@ -155,6 +148,14 @@ var (
 		Name:  "defaultpath",
 		Usage: "path to file served for empty url path (none)",
 	}
+	SwarmAccessGrantKeyFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "grant-key",
+		Usage: "grants a given public key access to an ACT",
+	}
+	SwarmAccessGrantKeysFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "grant-keys",
+		Usage: "grants a given list of public keys in the following file (separated by line breaks) access to an ACT",
+	}
 	SwarmUpFromStdinFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:  "stdin",
 		Usage: "reads data to be uploaded from stdin",
@@ -167,6 +168,15 @@ var (
 		Name:  "encrypt",
 		Usage: "use encrypted upload",
 	}
+	SwarmAccessPasswordFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:   "password",
+		Usage:  "Password",
+		EnvVar: SWARM_ACCESS_PASSWORD,
+	}
+	SwarmDryRunFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "dry-run",
+		Usage: "dry-run",
+	}
 	CorsStringFlag = cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:   "corsdomain",
 		Usage:  "Domain on which to send Access-Control-Allow-Origin header (multiple domains can be supplied separated by a ',')",
@@ -199,6 +209,10 @@ var (
 		Name:  "data",
 		Usage: "Initializes the resource with the given hex-encoded data. Data must be prefixed by 0x",
 	}
+	SwarmCompressedFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "compressed",
+		Usage: "Prints encryption keys in compressed form",
+	}
 )
 
 //declare a few constant error messages, useful for later error check comparisons in test
@@ -243,6 +257,14 @@ func init() {
 			Usage:              "Print version numbers",
 			Description:        "The output of this command is supposed to be machine-readable",
 		},
+		{
+			Action:             keys,
+			CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+			Name:               "print-keys",
+			Flags:              []cli.Flag{SwarmCompressedFlag},
+			Usage:              "Print public key information",
+			Description:        "The output of this command is supposed to be machine-readable",
+		},
 		{
 			Action:             upload,
 			CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
@@ -252,6 +274,62 @@ func init() {
 			Flags:              []cli.Flag{SwarmEncryptedFlag},
 			Description:        "uploads a file or directory to swarm using the HTTP API and prints the root hash",
 		},
+		{
+			CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+			Name:               "access",
+			Usage:              "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root manifest",
+			ArgsUsage:          "<ref>",
+			Description:        "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root manifest",
+			Subcommands: []cli.Command{
+				{
+					CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+					Name:               "new",
+					Usage:              "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root manifest",
+					ArgsUsage:          "<ref>",
+					Description:        "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root access manifest and prints the resulting manifest",
+					Subcommands: []cli.Command{
+						{
+							Action:             accessNewPass,
+							CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+							Flags: []cli.Flag{
+								utils.PasswordFileFlag,
+								SwarmDryRunFlag,
+							},
+							Name:        "pass",
+							Usage:       "encrypts a reference with a password and embeds it into a root manifest",
+							ArgsUsage:   "<ref>",
+							Description: "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root access manifest and prints the resulting manifest",
+						},
+						{
+							Action:             accessNewPK,
+							CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+							Flags: []cli.Flag{
+								utils.PasswordFileFlag,
+								SwarmDryRunFlag,
+								SwarmAccessGrantKeyFlag,
+							},
+							Name:        "pk",
+							Usage:       "encrypts a reference with the node's private key and a given grantee's public key and embeds it into a root manifest",
+							ArgsUsage:   "<ref>",
+							Description: "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root access manifest and prints the resulting manifest",
+						},
+						{
+							Action:             accessNewACT,
+							CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
+							Flags: []cli.Flag{
+								SwarmAccessGrantKeysFlag,
+								SwarmDryRunFlag,
+								utils.PasswordFileFlag,
+							},
+							Name:        "act",
+							Usage:       "encrypts a reference with the node's private key and a given grantee's public key and embeds it into a root manifest",
+							ArgsUsage:   "<ref>",
+							Description: "encrypts a reference and embeds it into a root access manifest and prints the resulting manifest",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
 			Name:               "resource",
@@ -304,16 +382,13 @@ func init() {
 			Description:        "Prints the swarm hash of file or directory",
 		},
 		{
-			Action:    download,
+			Action:      download,
-			Name:      "down",
+			Name:        "down",
-			Flags:     []cli.Flag{SwarmRecursiveFlag},
+			Flags:       []cli.Flag{SwarmRecursiveFlag, SwarmAccessPasswordFlag},
-			Usage:     "downloads a swarm manifest or a file inside a manifest",
+			Usage:       "downloads a swarm manifest or a file inside a manifest",
-			ArgsUsage: " <uri> [<dir>]",
+			ArgsUsage:   " <uri> [<dir>]",
-			Description: `
+			Description: `Downloads a swarm bzz uri to the given dir. When no dir is provided, working directory is assumed. --recursive flag is expected when downloading a manifest with multiple entries.`,
-Downloads a swarm bzz uri to the given dir. When no dir is provided, working directory is assumed. --recursive flag is expected when downloading a manifest with multiple entries.
-`,
 		},
-
 		{
 			Name:               "manifest",
 			CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
@@ -322,23 +397,23 @@ Downloads a swarm bzz uri to the given dir. When no dir is provided, working dir
 			Description:        "Updates a MANIFEST by adding/removing/updating the hash of a path.\nCOMMAND could be: add, update, remove",
 			Subcommands: []cli.Command{
 				{
-					Action:             add,
+					Action:             manifestAdd,
 					CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
 					Name:               "add",
 					Usage:              "add a new path to the manifest",
-					ArgsUsage:          "<MANIFEST> <path> <hash> [<content-type>]",
+					ArgsUsage:          "<MANIFEST> <path> <hash>",
 					Description:        "Adds a new path to the manifest",
 				},
 				{
-					Action:             update,
+					Action:             manifestUpdate,
 					CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
 					Name:               "update",
 					Usage:              "update the hash for an already existing path in the manifest",
-					ArgsUsage:          "<MANIFEST> <path> <newhash> [<newcontent-type>]",
+					ArgsUsage:          "<MANIFEST> <path> <newhash>",
 					Description:        "Update the hash for an already existing path in the manifest",
 				},
 				{
-					Action:             remove,
+					Action:             manifestRemove,
 					CustomHelpTemplate: helpTemplate,
 					Name:               "remove",
 					Usage:              "removes a path from the manifest",
@@ -413,16 +488,14 @@ pv(1) tool to get a progress bar:
 					Name:               "import",
 					Usage:              "import chunks from a tar archive into a local chunk database (use - to read from stdin)",
 					ArgsUsage:          "<chunkdb> <file>",
-					Description: `
+					Description: `Import chunks from a tar archive into a local chunk database (use - to read from stdin).
-Import chunks from a tar archive into a local chunk database (use - to read from stdin).
 
     swarm db import ~/.ethereum/swarm/bzz-KEY/chunks chunks.tar
 
 The import may be quite large, consider piping the input through the Unix
 pv(1) tool to get a progress bar:
 
-    pv chunks.tar | swarm db import ~/.ethereum/swarm/bzz-KEY/chunks -
+    pv chunks.tar | swarm db import ~/.ethereum/swarm/bzz-KEY/chunks -`,
-`,
 				},
 				{
 					Action:             dbClean,
@@ -521,6 +594,17 @@ func main() {
 	}
 }
 
+func keys(ctx *cli.Context) error {
+	privateKey := getPrivKey(ctx)
+	pub := hex.EncodeToString(crypto.FromECDSAPub(&privateKey.PublicKey))
+	pubCompressed := hex.EncodeToString(crypto.CompressPubkey(&privateKey.PublicKey))
+	if !ctx.Bool(SwarmCompressedFlag.Name) {
+		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("publicKey=%s", pub))
+	}
+	fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("publicKeyCompressed=%s", pubCompressed))
+	return nil
+}
+
 func version(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	fmt.Println(strings.Title(clientIdentifier))
 	fmt.Println("Version:", sv.VersionWithMeta)
@@ -535,6 +619,7 @@ func version(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 func bzzd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	//build a valid bzzapi.Config from all available sources:
 	//default config, file config, command line and env vars
+
 	bzzconfig, err := buildConfig(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("unable to configure swarm: %v", err)
@@ -551,12 +636,16 @@ func bzzd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(bzzconfig.Path); err == nil {
 		cfg.DataDir = bzzconfig.Path
 	}
+
+	//optionally set the bootnodes before configuring the node
+	setSwarmBootstrapNodes(ctx, &cfg)
 	//setup the ethereum node
 	utils.SetNodeConfig(ctx, &cfg)
 	stack, err := node.New(&cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("can't create node: %v", err)
 	}
+
 	//a few steps need to be done after the config phase is completed,
 	//due to overriding behavior
 	initSwarmNode(bzzconfig, stack, ctx)
@@ -574,16 +663,6 @@ func bzzd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		stack.Stop()
 	}()
 
-	// Add bootnodes as initial peers.
-	if bzzconfig.BootNodes != "" {
-		bootnodes := strings.Split(bzzconfig.BootNodes, ",")
-		injectBootnodes(stack.Server(), bootnodes)
-	} else {
-		if bzzconfig.NetworkID == 3 {
-			injectBootnodes(stack.Server(), testbetBootNodes)
-		}
-	}
-
 	stack.Wait()
 	return nil
 }
@@ -691,17 +770,6 @@ func getPassPhrase(prompt string, i int, passwords []string) string {
 	return password
 }
 
-func injectBootnodes(srv *p2p.Server, nodes []string) {
-	for _, url := range nodes {
-		n, err := discover.ParseNode(url)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Invalid swarm bootnode", "err", err)
-			continue
-		}
-		srv.AddPeer(n)
-	}
-}
-
 // addDefaultHelpSubcommand scans through defined CLI commands and adds
 // a basic help subcommand to each
 // if a help command is already defined, it will take precedence over the default.
@@ -714,3 +782,20 @@ func addDefaultHelpSubcommands(commands []cli.Command) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func setSwarmBootstrapNodes(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *node.Config) {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.BootnodesFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.BootnodesV4Flag.Name) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	cfg.P2P.BootstrapNodes = []*discover.Node{}
+
+	for _, url := range SwarmBootnodes {
+		node, err := discover.ParseNode(url)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("Bootstrap URL invalid", "enode", url, "err", err)
+		}
+		cfg.P2P.BootstrapNodes = append(cfg.P2P.BootstrapNodes, node)
+	}
+	log.Debug("added default swarm bootnodes", "length", len(cfg.P2P.BootstrapNodes))
+}

cmd/swarm/manifest.go

@@ -18,10 +18,8 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"mime"
+	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/cmd/utils"
@@ -30,127 +28,118 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1"
 )
 
-const bzzManifestJSON = "application/bzz-manifest+json"
+// manifestAdd adds a new entry to the manifest at the given path.
-
+// New entry hash, the last argument, must be the hash of a manifest
-func add(ctx *cli.Context) {
+// with only one entry, which meta-data will be added to the original manifest.
+// On success, this function will print new (updated) manifest's hash.
+func manifestAdd(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	args := ctx.Args()
-	if len(args) < 3 {
+	if len(args) != 3 {
-		utils.Fatalf("Need at least three arguments <MHASH> <path> <HASH> [<content-type>]")
+		utils.Fatalf("Need exactly three arguments <MHASH> <path> <HASH>")
 	}
 
 	var (
 		mhash = args[0]
 		path  = args[1]
 		hash  = args[2]
-
-		ctype        string
-		wantManifest = ctx.GlobalBoolT(SwarmWantManifestFlag.Name)
-		mroot        api.Manifest
 	)
 
-	if len(args) > 3 {
+	bzzapi := strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-		ctype = args[3]
+	client := swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
-	} else {
+
-		ctype = mime.TypeByExtension(filepath.Ext(path))
+	m, _, err := client.DownloadManifest(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("Error downloading manifest to add: %v", err)
+	}
+	l := len(m.Entries)
+	if l == 0 {
+		utils.Fatalf("No entries in manifest %s", hash)
+	} else if l > 1 {
+		utils.Fatalf("Too many entries in manifest %s", hash)
 	}
 
-	newManifest := addEntryToManifest(ctx, mhash, path, hash, ctype)
+	newManifest := addEntryToManifest(client, mhash, path, m.Entries[0])
 	fmt.Println(newManifest)
-
-	if !wantManifest {
-		// Print the manifest. This is the only output to stdout.
-		mrootJSON, _ := json.MarshalIndent(mroot, "", "  ")
-		fmt.Println(string(mrootJSON))
-		return
-	}
 }
 
-func update(ctx *cli.Context) {
+// manifestUpdate replaces an existing entry of the manifest at the given path.
-
+// New entry hash, the last argument, must be the hash of a manifest
+// with only one entry, which meta-data will be added to the original manifest.
+// On success, this function will print hash of the updated manifest.
+func manifestUpdate(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	args := ctx.Args()
-	if len(args) < 3 {
+	if len(args) != 3 {
-		utils.Fatalf("Need at least three arguments <MHASH> <path> <HASH>")
+		utils.Fatalf("Need exactly three arguments <MHASH> <path> <HASH>")
 	}
 
 	var (
 		mhash = args[0]
 		path  = args[1]
 		hash  = args[2]
-
-		ctype        string
-		wantManifest = ctx.GlobalBoolT(SwarmWantManifestFlag.Name)
-		mroot        api.Manifest
 	)
-	if len(args) > 3 {
+
-		ctype = args[3]
+	bzzapi := strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-	} else {
+	client := swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
-		ctype = mime.TypeByExtension(filepath.Ext(path))
+
+	m, _, err := client.DownloadManifest(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		utils.Fatalf("Error downloading manifest to update: %v", err)
+	}
+	l := len(m.Entries)
+	if l == 0 {
+		utils.Fatalf("No entries in manifest %s", hash)
+	} else if l > 1 {
+		utils.Fatalf("Too many entries in manifest %s", hash)
 	}
 
-	newManifest := updateEntryInManifest(ctx, mhash, path, hash, ctype)
+	newManifest, _, defaultEntryUpdated := updateEntryInManifest(client, mhash, path, m.Entries[0], true)
+	if defaultEntryUpdated {
+		// Print informational message to stderr
+		// allowing the user to get the new manifest hash from stdout
+		// without the need to parse the complete output.
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Manifest default entry is updated, too")
+	}
 	fmt.Println(newManifest)
-
-	if !wantManifest {
-		// Print the manifest. This is the only output to stdout.
-		mrootJSON, _ := json.MarshalIndent(mroot, "", "  ")
-		fmt.Println(string(mrootJSON))
-		return
-	}
 }
 
-func remove(ctx *cli.Context) {
+// manifestRemove removes an existing entry of the manifest at the given path.
+// On success, this function will print hash of the manifest which does not
+// contain the path.
+func manifestRemove(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	args := ctx.Args()
-	if len(args) < 2 {
+	if len(args) != 2 {
-		utils.Fatalf("Need at least two arguments <MHASH> <path>")
+		utils.Fatalf("Need exactly two arguments <MHASH> <path>")
 	}
 
 	var (
 		mhash = args[0]
 		path  = args[1]
-
-		wantManifest = ctx.GlobalBoolT(SwarmWantManifestFlag.Name)
-		mroot        api.Manifest
 	)
 
-	newManifest := removeEntryFromManifest(ctx, mhash, path)
+	bzzapi := strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-	fmt.Println(newManifest)
+	client := swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
 
-	if !wantManifest {
+	newManifest := removeEntryFromManifest(client, mhash, path)
-		// Print the manifest. This is the only output to stdout.
+	fmt.Println(newManifest)
-		mrootJSON, _ := json.MarshalIndent(mroot, "", "  ")
-		fmt.Println(string(mrootJSON))
-		return
-	}
 }
 
-func addEntryToManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) string {
+func addEntryToManifest(client *swarm.Client, mhash, path string, entry api.ManifestEntry) string {
-
+	var longestPathEntry = api.ManifestEntry{}
-	var (
-		bzzapi           = strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-		client           = swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
-		longestPathEntry = api.ManifestEntry{}
-	)
 
 	mroot, isEncrypted, err := client.DownloadManifest(mhash)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Manifest download failed: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	//TODO: check if the "hash" to add is valid and present in swarm
-	_, _, err = client.DownloadManifest(hash)
-	if err != nil {
-		utils.Fatalf("Hash to add is not present: %v", err)
-	}
-
 	// See if we path is in this Manifest or do we have to dig deeper
-	for _, entry := range mroot.Entries {
+	for _, e := range mroot.Entries {
-		if path == entry.Path {
+		if path == e.Path {
 			utils.Fatalf("Path %s already present, not adding anything", path)
 		} else {
-			if entry.ContentType == bzzManifestJSON {
+			if e.ContentType == api.ManifestType {
-				prfxlen := strings.HasPrefix(path, entry.Path)
+				prfxlen := strings.HasPrefix(path, e.Path)
 				if prfxlen && len(path) > len(longestPathEntry.Path) {
-					longestPathEntry = entry
+					longestPathEntry = e
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -159,25 +148,21 @@ func addEntryToManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) strin
 	if longestPathEntry.Path != "" {
 		// Load the child Manifest add the entry there
 		newPath := path[len(longestPathEntry.Path):]
-		newHash := addEntryToManifest(ctx, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath, hash, ctype)
+		newHash := addEntryToManifest(client, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath, entry)
 
 		// Replace the hash for parent Manifests
 		newMRoot := &api.Manifest{}
-		for _, entry := range mroot.Entries {
+		for _, e := range mroot.Entries {
-			if longestPathEntry.Path == entry.Path {
+			if longestPathEntry.Path == e.Path {
-				entry.Hash = newHash
+				e.Hash = newHash
 			}
-			newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, entry)
+			newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, e)
 		}
 		mroot = newMRoot
 	} else {
 		// Add the entry in the leaf Manifest
-		newEntry := api.ManifestEntry{
+		entry.Path = path
-			Hash:        hash,
+		mroot.Entries = append(mroot.Entries, entry)
-			Path:        path,
-			ContentType: ctype,
-		}
-		mroot.Entries = append(mroot.Entries, newEntry)
 	}
 
 	newManifestHash, err := client.UploadManifest(mroot, isEncrypted)
@@ -185,14 +170,16 @@ func addEntryToManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) strin
 		utils.Fatalf("Manifest upload failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	return newManifestHash
-
 }
 
-func updateEntryInManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) string {
+// updateEntryInManifest updates an existing entry o path with a new one in the manifest with provided mhash
-
+// finding the path recursively through all nested manifests. Argument isRoot is used for default
+// entry update detection. If the updated entry has the same hash as the default entry, then the
+// default entry in root manifest will be updated too.
+// Returned values are the new manifest hash, hash of the entry that was replaced by the new entry and
+// a a bool that is true if default entry is updated.
+func updateEntryInManifest(client *swarm.Client, mhash, path string, entry api.ManifestEntry, isRoot bool) (newManifestHash, oldHash string, defaultEntryUpdated bool) {
 	var (
-		bzzapi           = strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-		client           = swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
 		newEntry         = api.ManifestEntry{}
 		longestPathEntry = api.ManifestEntry{}
 	)
@@ -202,17 +189,18 @@ func updateEntryInManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) st
 		utils.Fatalf("Manifest download failed: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	//TODO: check if the "hash" with which to update is valid and present in swarm
-
 	// See if we path is in this Manifest or do we have to dig deeper
-	for _, entry := range mroot.Entries {
+	for _, e := range mroot.Entries {
-		if path == entry.Path {
+		if path == e.Path {
-			newEntry = entry
+			newEntry = e
+			// keep the reference of the hash of the entry that should be replaced
+			// for default entry detection
+			oldHash = e.Hash
 		} else {
-			if entry.ContentType == bzzManifestJSON {
+			if e.ContentType == api.ManifestType {
-				prfxlen := strings.HasPrefix(path, entry.Path)
+				prfxlen := strings.HasPrefix(path, e.Path)
 				if prfxlen && len(path) > len(longestPathEntry.Path) {
-					longestPathEntry = entry
+					longestPathEntry = e
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -225,50 +213,50 @@ func updateEntryInManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path, hash, ctype string) st
 	if longestPathEntry.Path != "" {
 		// Load the child Manifest add the entry there
 		newPath := path[len(longestPathEntry.Path):]
-		newHash := updateEntryInManifest(ctx, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath, hash, ctype)
+		var newHash string
+		newHash, oldHash, _ = updateEntryInManifest(client, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath, entry, false)
 
 		// Replace the hash for parent Manifests
 		newMRoot := &api.Manifest{}
-		for _, entry := range mroot.Entries {
+		for _, e := range mroot.Entries {
-			if longestPathEntry.Path == entry.Path {
+			if longestPathEntry.Path == e.Path {
-				entry.Hash = newHash
+				e.Hash = newHash
 			}
-			newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, entry)
+			newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, e)
 
 		}
 		mroot = newMRoot
 	}
 
-	if newEntry.Path != "" {
+	// update the manifest if the new entry is found and
+	// check if default entry should be updated
+	if newEntry.Path != "" || isRoot {
 		// Replace the hash for leaf Manifest
 		newMRoot := &api.Manifest{}
-		for _, entry := range mroot.Entries {
+		for _, e := range mroot.Entries {
-			if newEntry.Path == entry.Path {
+			if newEntry.Path == e.Path {
-				myEntry := api.ManifestEntry{
+				entry.Path = e.Path
-					Hash:        hash,
-					Path:        entry.Path,
-					ContentType: ctype,
-				}
-				newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, myEntry)
-			} else {
 				newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, entry)
+			} else if isRoot && e.Path == "" && e.Hash == oldHash {
+				entry.Path = e.Path
+				newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, entry)
+				defaultEntryUpdated = true
+			} else {
+				newMRoot.Entries = append(newMRoot.Entries, e)
 			}
 		}
 		mroot = newMRoot
 	}
 
-	newManifestHash, err := client.UploadManifest(mroot, isEncrypted)
+	newManifestHash, err = client.UploadManifest(mroot, isEncrypted)
 	if err != nil {
 		utils.Fatalf("Manifest upload failed: %v", err)
 	}
-	return newManifestHash
+	return newManifestHash, oldHash, defaultEntryUpdated
 }
 
-func removeEntryFromManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path string) string {
+func removeEntryFromManifest(client *swarm.Client, mhash, path string) string {
-
 	var (
-		bzzapi           = strings.TrimRight(ctx.GlobalString(SwarmApiFlag.Name), "/")
-		client           = swarm.NewClient(bzzapi)
 		entryToRemove    = api.ManifestEntry{}
 		longestPathEntry = api.ManifestEntry{}
 	)
@@ -283,7 +271,7 @@ func removeEntryFromManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path string) string {
 		if path == entry.Path {
 			entryToRemove = entry
 		} else {
-			if entry.ContentType == bzzManifestJSON {
+			if entry.ContentType == api.ManifestType {
 				prfxlen := strings.HasPrefix(path, entry.Path)
 				if prfxlen && len(path) > len(longestPathEntry.Path) {
 					longestPathEntry = entry
@@ -299,7 +287,7 @@ func removeEntryFromManifest(ctx *cli.Context, mhash, path string) string {
 	if longestPathEntry.Path != "" {
 		// Load the child Manifest remove the entry there
 		newPath := path[len(longestPathEntry.Path):]
-		newHash := removeEntryFromManifest(ctx, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath)
+		newHash := removeEntryFromManifest(client, longestPathEntry.Hash, newPath)
 
 		// Replace the hash for parent Manifests
 		newMRoot := &api.Manifest{}

cmd/swarm/manifest_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api"
+	swarm "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/api/client"
+)
+
+// TestManifestChange tests manifest add, update and remove
+// cli commands without encryption.
+func TestManifestChange(t *testing.T) {
+	testManifestChange(t, false)
+}
+
+// TestManifestChange tests manifest add, update and remove
+// cli commands with encryption enabled.
+func TestManifestChangeEncrypted(t *testing.T) {
+	testManifestChange(t, true)
+}
+
+// testManifestChange performs cli commands:
+// - manifest add
+// - manifest update
+// - manifest remove
+// on a manifest, testing the functionality of this
+// comands on paths that are in root manifest or a nested one.
+// Argument encrypt controls whether to use encryption or not.
+func testManifestChange(t *testing.T, encrypt bool) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 1)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+
+	tmp, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-manifest-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
+
+	origDir := filepath.Join(tmp, "orig")
+	if err := os.Mkdir(origDir, 0777); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	indexDataFilename := filepath.Join(origDir, "index.html")
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(indexDataFilename, []byte("<h1>Test</h1>"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Files paths robots.txt and robots.html share the same prefix "robots."
+	// which will result a manifest with a nested manifest under path "robots.".
+	// This will allow testing manifest changes on both root and nested manifest.
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(origDir, "robots.txt"), []byte("Disallow: /"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(origDir, "robots.html"), []byte("<strong>No Robots Allowed</strong>"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(origDir, "mutants.txt"), []byte("Frank\nMarcus"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	args := []string{
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"--recursive",
+		"--defaultpath",
+		indexDataFilename,
+		"up",
+		origDir,
+	}
+	if encrypt {
+		args = append(args, "--encrypt")
+	}
+
+	origManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t, args...)
+
+	checkHashLength(t, origManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+	client := swarm.NewClient(cluster.Nodes[0].URL)
+
+	// upload a new file and use its manifest to add it the original manifest.
+	t.Run("add", func(t *testing.T) {
+		humansData := []byte("Ann\nBob")
+		humansDataFilename := filepath.Join(tmp, "humans.txt")
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(humansDataFilename, humansData, 0666)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		humansManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"up",
+			humansDataFilename,
+		)
+
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"add",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"humans.txt",
+			humansManifestHash,
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "humans.txt" {
+				found = true
+				if e.Size != int64(len(humansData)) {
+					t.Errorf("expected humans.txt size %v, got %v", len(humansData), e.Size)
+				}
+				if e.ModTime.IsZero() {
+					t.Errorf("got zero mod time for humans.txt")
+				}
+				ct := "text/plain; charset=utf-8"
+				if e.ContentType != ct {
+					t.Errorf("expected content type %q, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+				}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatal("no humans.txt in new manifest")
+		}
+
+		checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "humans.txt", humansData)
+	})
+
+	// upload a new file and use its manifest to add it the original manifest,
+	// but ensure that the file will be in the nested manifest of the original one.
+	t.Run("add nested", func(t *testing.T) {
+		robotsData := []byte(`{"disallow": "/"}`)
+		robotsDataFilename := filepath.Join(tmp, "robots.json")
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(robotsDataFilename, robotsData, 0666)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		robotsManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"up",
+			robotsDataFilename,
+		)
+
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"add",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"robots.json",
+			robotsManifestHash,
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+	loop:
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "robots." {
+				nestedManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, e.Hash, encrypt)
+				for _, e := range nestedManifest.Entries {
+					if e.Path == "json" {
+						found = true
+						if e.Size != int64(len(robotsData)) {
+							t.Errorf("expected robots.json size %v, got %v", len(robotsData), e.Size)
+						}
+						if e.ModTime.IsZero() {
+							t.Errorf("got zero mod time for robots.json")
+						}
+						ct := "application/json"
+						if e.ContentType != ct {
+							t.Errorf("expected content type %q, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+						}
+						break loop
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatal("no robots.json in new manifest")
+		}
+
+		checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "robots.json", robotsData)
+	})
+
+	// upload a new file and use its manifest to change the file it the original manifest.
+	t.Run("update", func(t *testing.T) {
+		indexData := []byte("<h1>Ethereum Swarm</h1>")
+		indexDataFilename := filepath.Join(tmp, "index.html")
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(indexDataFilename, indexData, 0666)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		indexManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"up",
+			indexDataFilename,
+		)
+
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"update",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"index.html",
+			indexManifestHash,
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "index.html" {
+				found = true
+				if e.Size != int64(len(indexData)) {
+					t.Errorf("expected index.html size %v, got %v", len(indexData), e.Size)
+				}
+				if e.ModTime.IsZero() {
+					t.Errorf("got zero mod time for index.html")
+				}
+				ct := "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+				if e.ContentType != ct {
+					t.Errorf("expected content type %q, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+				}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatal("no index.html in new manifest")
+		}
+
+		checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "index.html", indexData)
+
+		// check default entry change
+		checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "", indexData)
+	})
+
+	// upload a new file and use its manifest to change the file it the original manifest,
+	// but ensure that the file is in the nested manifest of the original one.
+	t.Run("update nested", func(t *testing.T) {
+		robotsData := []byte(`<string>Only humans allowed!!!</strong>`)
+		robotsDataFilename := filepath.Join(tmp, "robots.html")
+		err = ioutil.WriteFile(robotsDataFilename, robotsData, 0666)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		humansManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"up",
+			robotsDataFilename,
+		)
+
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"update",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"robots.html",
+			humansManifestHash,
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+	loop:
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "robots." {
+				nestedManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, e.Hash, encrypt)
+				for _, e := range nestedManifest.Entries {
+					if e.Path == "html" {
+						found = true
+						if e.Size != int64(len(robotsData)) {
+							t.Errorf("expected robots.html size %v, got %v", len(robotsData), e.Size)
+						}
+						if e.ModTime.IsZero() {
+							t.Errorf("got zero mod time for robots.html")
+						}
+						ct := "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+						if e.ContentType != ct {
+							t.Errorf("expected content type %q, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+						}
+						break loop
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatal("no robots.html in new manifest")
+		}
+
+		checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "robots.html", robotsData)
+	})
+
+	// remove a file from the manifest.
+	t.Run("remove", func(t *testing.T) {
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"remove",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"mutants.txt",
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "mutants.txt" {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if found {
+			t.Fatal("mutants.txt is not removed")
+		}
+	})
+
+	// remove a file from the manifest, but ensure that the file is in
+	// the nested manifest of the original one.
+	t.Run("remove nested", func(t *testing.T) {
+		newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+			"--bzzapi",
+			cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+			"manifest",
+			"remove",
+			origManifestHash,
+			"robots.html",
+		)
+
+		checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+		var found bool
+	loop:
+		for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+			if e.Path == "robots." {
+				nestedManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, e.Hash, encrypt)
+				for _, e := range nestedManifest.Entries {
+					if e.Path == "html" {
+						found = true
+						break loop
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if found {
+			t.Fatal("robots.html in not removed")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestNestedDefaultEntryUpdate tests if the default entry is updated
+// if the file in nested manifest used for it is also updated.
+func TestNestedDefaultEntryUpdate(t *testing.T) {
+	testNestedDefaultEntryUpdate(t, false)
+}
+
+// TestNestedDefaultEntryUpdateEncrypted tests if the default entry
+// of encrypted upload is updated if the file in nested manifest
+// used for it is also updated.
+func TestNestedDefaultEntryUpdateEncrypted(t *testing.T) {
+	testNestedDefaultEntryUpdate(t, true)
+}
+
+func testNestedDefaultEntryUpdate(t *testing.T, encrypt bool) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 1)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+
+	tmp, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-manifest-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
+
+	origDir := filepath.Join(tmp, "orig")
+	if err := os.Mkdir(origDir, 0777); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	indexData := []byte("<h1>Test</h1>")
+	indexDataFilename := filepath.Join(origDir, "index.html")
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(indexDataFilename, indexData, 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Add another file with common prefix as the default entry to test updates of
+	// default entry with nested manifests.
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(origDir, "index.txt"), []byte("Test"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	args := []string{
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"--recursive",
+		"--defaultpath",
+		indexDataFilename,
+		"up",
+		origDir,
+	}
+	if encrypt {
+		args = append(args, "--encrypt")
+	}
+
+	origManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t, args...)
+
+	checkHashLength(t, origManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+	client := swarm.NewClient(cluster.Nodes[0].URL)
+
+	newIndexData := []byte("<h1>Ethereum Swarm</h1>")
+	newIndexDataFilename := filepath.Join(tmp, "index.html")
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(newIndexDataFilename, newIndexData, 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newIndexManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"up",
+		newIndexDataFilename,
+	)
+
+	newManifestHash := runSwarmExpectHash(t,
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"manifest",
+		"update",
+		origManifestHash,
+		"index.html",
+		newIndexManifestHash,
+	)
+
+	checkHashLength(t, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+	newManifest := downloadManifest(t, client, newManifestHash, encrypt)
+
+	var found bool
+	for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+		if e.Path == "index." {
+			found = true
+			newManifest = downloadManifest(t, client, e.Hash, encrypt)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("no index. path in new manifest")
+	}
+
+	found = false
+	for _, e := range newManifest.Entries {
+		if e.Path == "html" {
+			found = true
+			if e.Size != int64(len(newIndexData)) {
+				t.Errorf("expected index.html size %v, got %v", len(newIndexData), e.Size)
+			}
+			if e.ModTime.IsZero() {
+				t.Errorf("got zero mod time for index.html")
+			}
+			ct := "text/html; charset=utf-8"
+			if e.ContentType != ct {
+				t.Errorf("expected content type %q, got %q", ct, e.ContentType)
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("no html in new manifest")
+	}
+
+	checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "index.html", newIndexData)
+
+	// check default entry change
+	checkFile(t, client, newManifestHash, "", newIndexData)
+}
+
+func runSwarmExpectHash(t *testing.T, args ...string) (hash string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	hashRegexp := `[a-f\d]{64,128}`
+	up := runSwarm(t, args...)
+	_, matches := up.ExpectRegexp(hashRegexp)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+
+	if len(matches) < 1 {
+		t.Fatal("no matches found")
+	}
+	return matches[0]
+}
+
+func checkHashLength(t *testing.T, hash string, encrypted bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	l := len(hash)
+	if encrypted && l != 128 {
+		t.Errorf("expected hash length 128, got %v", l)
+	}
+	if !encrypted && l != 64 {
+		t.Errorf("expected hash length 64, got %v", l)
+	}
+}
+
+func downloadManifest(t *testing.T, client *swarm.Client, hash string, encrypted bool) (manifest *api.Manifest) {
+	t.Helper()
+	m, isEncrypted, err := client.DownloadManifest(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if encrypted != isEncrypted {
+		t.Error("new manifest encryption flag is not correct")
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+func checkFile(t *testing.T, client *swarm.Client, hash, path string, expected []byte) {
+	t.Helper()
+	f, err := client.Download(hash, path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	got, err := ioutil.ReadAll(f)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(got, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("expected file content %q, got %q", expected, got)
+	}
+}

cmd/swarm/run_test.go

@@ -17,12 +17,17 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	"fmt"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"sync"
+	"syscall"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -172,14 +177,15 @@ func (c *testCluster) Cleanup() {
 }
 
 type testNode struct {
-	Name    string
+	Name       string
-	Addr    string
+	Addr       string
-	URL     string
+	URL        string
-	Enode   string
+	Enode      string
-	Dir     string
+	Dir        string
-	IpcPath string
+	IpcPath    string
-	Client  *rpc.Client
+	PrivateKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey
-	Cmd     *cmdtest.TestCmd
+	Client     *rpc.Client
+	Cmd        *cmdtest.TestCmd
 }
 
 const testPassphrase = "swarm-test-passphrase"
@@ -218,14 +224,12 @@ func existingTestNode(t *testing.T, dir string, bzzaccount string) *testNode {
 	}
 
 	// assign ports
-	httpPort, err := assignTCPPort()
+	ports, err := getAvailableTCPPorts(2)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	p2pPort, err := assignTCPPort()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	p2pPort := ports[0]
+	httpPort := ports[1]
 
 	// start the node
 	node.Cmd = runSwarm(t,
@@ -246,6 +250,17 @@ func existingTestNode(t *testing.T, dir string, bzzaccount string) *testNode {
 		}
 	}()
 
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// ensure that all ports have active listeners
+	// so that the next node will not get the same
+	// when calling getAvailableTCPPorts
+	err = waitTCPPorts(ctx, ports...)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	// wait for the node to start
 	for start := time.Now(); time.Since(start) < 10*time.Second; time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond) {
 		node.Client, err = rpc.Dial(conf.IPCEndpoint())
@@ -277,17 +292,19 @@ func existingTestNode(t *testing.T, dir string, bzzaccount string) *testNode {
 func newTestNode(t *testing.T, dir string) *testNode {
 
 	conf, account := getTestAccount(t, dir)
-	node := &testNode{Dir: dir}
+	ks := keystore.NewKeyStore(path.Join(dir, "keystore"), 1<<18, 1)
+
+	pk := decryptStoreAccount(ks, account.Address.Hex(), []string{testPassphrase})
+
+	node := &testNode{Dir: dir, PrivateKey: pk}
 
 	// assign ports
-	httpPort, err := assignTCPPort()
+	ports, err := getAvailableTCPPorts(2)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	p2pPort, err := assignTCPPort()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	p2pPort := ports[0]
+	httpPort := ports[1]
 
 	// start the node
 	node.Cmd = runSwarm(t,
@@ -308,6 +325,17 @@ func newTestNode(t *testing.T, dir string) *testNode {
 		}
 	}()
 
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// ensure that all ports have active listeners
+	// so that the next node will not get the same
+	// when calling getAvailableTCPPorts
+	err = waitTCPPorts(ctx, ports...)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
 	// wait for the node to start
 	for start := time.Now(); time.Since(start) < 10*time.Second; time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond) {
 		node.Client, err = rpc.Dial(conf.IPCEndpoint())
@@ -343,15 +371,92 @@ func (n *testNode) Shutdown() {
 	}
 }
 
-func assignTCPPort() (string, error) {
+// getAvailableTCPPorts returns a set of ports that
-	l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+// nothing is listening on at the time.
-	if err != nil {
+//
-		return "", err
+// Function assignTCPPort cannot be called in sequence
+// and guardantee that the same port will be returned in
+// different calls as the listener is closed within the function,
+// not after all listeners are started and selected unique
+// available ports.
+func getAvailableTCPPorts(count int) (ports []string, err error) {
+	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+		l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		// defer close in the loop to be sure the same port will not
+		// be selected in the next iteration
+		defer l.Close()
+
+		_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(l.Addr().String())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ports = append(ports, port)
+	}
+	return ports, nil
+}
+
+// waitTCPPorts blocks until tcp connections can be
+// established on all provided ports. It runs all
+// ports dialers in parallel, and returns the first
+// encountered error.
+// See waitTCPPort also.
+func waitTCPPorts(ctx context.Context, ports ...string) error {
+	var err error
+	// mu locks err variable that is assigned in
+	// other goroutines
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+
+	// cancel is canceling all goroutines
+	// when the firs error is returned
+	// to prevent unnecessary waiting
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for _, port := range ports {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(port string) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			e := waitTCPPort(ctx, port)
+
+			mu.Lock()
+			defer mu.Unlock()
+			if e != nil && err == nil {
+				err = e
+				cancel()
+			}
+		}(port)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// waitTCPPort blocks until tcp connection can be established
+// ona provided port. It has a 3 minute timeout as maximum,
+// to prevent long waiting, but it can be shortened with
+// a provided context instance. Dialer has a 10 second timeout
+// in every iteration, and connection refused error will be
+// retried in 100 milliseconds periods.
+func waitTCPPort(ctx context.Context, port string) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 3*time.Minute)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	for {
+		c, err := (&net.Dialer{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}).DialContext(ctx, "tcp", "127.0.0.1:"+port)
+		if err != nil {
+			if operr, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok {
+				if syserr, ok := operr.Err.(*os.SyscallError); ok && syserr.Err == syscall.ECONNREFUSED {
+					time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+			return err
+		}
+		return c.Close()
 	}
-	l.Close()
-	_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(l.Addr().String())
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return port, nil
 }

cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke/main.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func main() {
 		cli.StringFlag{
 			Name:        "cluster-endpoint",
 			Value:       "testing",
-			Usage:       "cluster to point to (open, or testing)",
+			Usage:       "cluster to point to (local, open or testing)",
 			Destination: &cluster,
 		},
 		cli.IntFlag{
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ func main() {
 		},
 		cli.IntFlag{
 			Name:        "filesize",
-			Value:       1,
+			Value:       1024,
-			Usage:       "file size for generated random file in MB",
+			Usage:       "file size for generated random file in KB",
 			Destination: &filesize,
 		},
 	}

cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke/upload_and_sync.go

@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ import (
 func generateEndpoints(scheme string, cluster string, from int, to int) {
 	if cluster == "prod" {
 		cluster = ""
+	} else if cluster == "local" {
+		for port := from; port <= to; port++ {
+			endpoints = append(endpoints, fmt.Sprintf("%s://localhost:%v", scheme, port))
+		}
+		return
 	} else {
 		cluster = cluster + "."
 	}
@@ -53,13 +58,13 @@ func generateEndpoints(scheme string, cluster string, from int, to int) {
 }
 
 func cliUploadAndSync(c *cli.Context) error {
-	defer func(now time.Time) { log.Info("total time", "time", time.Since(now), "size", filesize) }(time.Now())
+	defer func(now time.Time) { log.Info("total time", "time", time.Since(now), "size (kb)", filesize) }(time.Now())
 
 	generateEndpoints(scheme, cluster, from, to)
 
 	log.Info("uploading to " + endpoints[0] + " and syncing")
 
-	f, cleanup := generateRandomFile(filesize * 1000000)
+	f, cleanup := generateRandomFile(filesize * 1000)
 	defer cleanup()
 
 	hash, err := upload(f, endpoints[0])
@@ -76,12 +81,7 @@ func cliUploadAndSync(c *cli.Context) error {
 
 	log.Info("uploaded successfully", "hash", hash, "digest", fmt.Sprintf("%x", fhash))
 
-	if filesize < 10 {
+	time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
-		time.Sleep(35 * time.Second)
-	} else {
-		time.Sleep(15 * time.Second)
-		time.Sleep(2 * time.Duration(filesize) * time.Second)
-	}
 
 	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
 	for _, endpoint := range endpoints {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func cliUploadAndSync(c *cli.Context) error {
 // fetch is getting the requested `hash` from the `endpoint` and compares it with the `original` file
 func fetch(hash string, endpoint string, original []byte, ruid string) error {
 	log.Trace("sleeping", "ruid", ruid)
-	time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+	time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
 
 	log.Trace("http get request", "ruid", ruid, "api", endpoint, "hash", hash)
 	res, err := http.Get(endpoint + "/bzz:/" + hash + "/")

cmd/swarm/upload.go

@@ -98,6 +98,17 @@ func upload(ctx *cli.Context) {
 			if !recursive {
 				return "", errors.New("Argument is a directory and recursive upload is disabled")
 			}
+			if defaultPath != "" {
+				// construct absolute default path
+				absDefaultPath, _ := filepath.Abs(defaultPath)
+				absFile, _ := filepath.Abs(file)
+				// make sure absolute directory ends with only one "/"
+				// to trim it from absolute default path and get relative default path
+				absFile = strings.TrimRight(absFile, "/") + "/"
+				if absDefaultPath != "" && absFile != "" && strings.HasPrefix(absDefaultPath, absFile) {
+					defaultPath = strings.TrimPrefix(absDefaultPath, absFile)
+				}
+			}
 			return client.UploadDirectory(file, defaultPath, "", toEncrypt)
 		}
 	} else {

cmd/swarm/upload_test.go

@@ -273,3 +273,84 @@ func testCLISwarmUpRecursive(toEncrypt bool, t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// TestCLISwarmUpDefaultPath tests swarm recursive upload with relative and absolute
+// default paths and with encryption.
+func TestCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(t *testing.T) {
+	testCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(false, false, t)
+	testCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(false, true, t)
+	testCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(true, false, t)
+	testCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(true, true, t)
+}
+
+func testCLISwarmUpDefaultPath(toEncrypt bool, absDefaultPath bool, t *testing.T) {
+	cluster := newTestCluster(t, 1)
+	defer cluster.Shutdown()
+
+	tmp, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "swarm-defaultpath-test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "index.html"), []byte("<h1>Test</h1>"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmp, "robots.txt"), []byte("Disallow: /"), 0666)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	defaultPath := "index.html"
+	if absDefaultPath {
+		defaultPath = filepath.Join(tmp, defaultPath)
+	}
+
+	args := []string{
+		"--bzzapi",
+		cluster.Nodes[0].URL,
+		"--recursive",
+		"--defaultpath",
+		defaultPath,
+		"up",
+		tmp,
+	}
+	if toEncrypt {
+		args = append(args, "--encrypt")
+	}
+
+	up := runSwarm(t, args...)
+	hashRegexp := `[a-f\d]{64,128}`
+	_, matches := up.ExpectRegexp(hashRegexp)
+	up.ExpectExit()
+	hash := matches[0]
+
+	client := swarm.NewClient(cluster.Nodes[0].URL)
+
+	m, isEncrypted, err := client.DownloadManifest(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if toEncrypt != isEncrypted {
+		t.Error("downloaded manifest is not encrypted")
+	}
+
+	var found bool
+	var entriesCount int
+	for _, e := range m.Entries {
+		entriesCount++
+		if e.Path == "" {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !found {
+		t.Error("manifest default entry was not found")
+	}
+
+	if entriesCount != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("manifest contains %v entries, expected %v", entriesCount, 3)
+	}
+}

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"runtime"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -158,14 +157,6 @@ var (
 		Usage: "Document Root for HTTPClient file scheme",
 		Value: DirectoryString{homeDir()},
 	}
-	FastSyncFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
-		Name:  "fast",
-		Usage: "Enable fast syncing through state downloads (replaced by --syncmode)",
-	}
-	LightModeFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
-		Name:  "light",
-		Usage: "Enable light client mode (replaced by --syncmode)",
-	}
 	defaultSyncMode = eth.DefaultConfig.SyncMode
 	SyncModeFlag    = TextMarshalerFlag{
 		Name:  "syncmode",
@@ -242,6 +233,10 @@ var (
 		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.Ethash.DatasetsOnDisk,
 	}
 	// Transaction pool settings
+	TxPoolLocalsFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "txpool.locals",
+		Usage: "Comma separated accounts to treat as locals (no flush, priority inclusion)",
+	}
 	TxPoolNoLocalsFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:  "txpool.nolocals",
 		Usage: "Disables price exemptions for locally submitted transactions",
@@ -318,29 +313,71 @@ var (
 		Usage: "Enable mining",
 	}
 	MinerThreadsFlag = cli.IntFlag{
-		Name:  "minerthreads",
+		Name:  "miner.threads",
 		Usage: "Number of CPU threads to use for mining",
-		Value: runtime.NumCPU(),
+		Value: 0,
 	}
-	TargetGasLimitFlag = cli.Uint64Flag{
+	MinerLegacyThreadsFlag = cli.IntFlag{
+		Name:  "minerthreads",
+		Usage: "Number of CPU threads to use for mining (deprecated, use --miner.threads)",
+		Value: 0,
+	}
+	MinerNotifyFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "miner.notify",
+		Usage: "Comma separated HTTP URL list to notify of new work packages",
+	}
+	MinerGasTargetFlag = cli.Uint64Flag{
+		Name:  "miner.gastarget",
+		Usage: "Target gas floor for mined blocks",
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerGasFloor,
+	}
+	MinerLegacyGasTargetFlag = cli.Uint64Flag{
 		Name:  "targetgaslimit",
-		Usage: "Target gas limit sets the artificial target gas floor for the blocks to mine",
+		Usage: "Target gas floor for mined blocks (deprecated, use --miner.gastarget)",
-		Value: params.GenesisGasLimit,
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerGasFloor,
 	}
-	EtherbaseFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+	MinerGasLimitFlag = cli.Uint64Flag{
-		Name:  "etherbase",
+		Name:  "miner.gaslimit",
-		Usage: "Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account created)",
+		Usage: "Target gas ceiling for mined blocks",
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerGasCeil,
+	}
+	MinerGasPriceFlag = BigFlag{
+		Name:  "miner.gasprice",
+		Usage: "Minimum gas price for mining a transaction",
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerGasPrice,
+	}
+	MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag = BigFlag{
+		Name:  "gasprice",
+		Usage: "Minimum gas price for mining a transaction (deprecated, use --miner.gasprice)",
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerGasPrice,
+	}
+	MinerEtherbaseFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "miner.etherbase",
+		Usage: "Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account)",
 		Value: "0",
 	}
-	GasPriceFlag = BigFlag{
+	MinerLegacyEtherbaseFlag = cli.StringFlag{
-		Name:  "gasprice",
+		Name:  "etherbase",
-		Usage: "Minimal gas price to accept for mining a transactions",
+		Usage: "Public address for block mining rewards (default = first account, deprecated, use --miner.etherbase)",
-		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.GasPrice,
+		Value: "0",
 	}
-	ExtraDataFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+	MinerExtraDataFlag = cli.StringFlag{
-		Name:  "extradata",
+		Name:  "miner.extradata",
 		Usage: "Block extra data set by the miner (default = client version)",
 	}
+	MinerLegacyExtraDataFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "extradata",
+		Usage: "Block extra data set by the miner (default = client version, deprecated, use --miner.extradata)",
+	}
+	MinerRecommitIntervalFlag = cli.DurationFlag{
+		Name:  "miner.recommit",
+		Usage: "Time interval to recreate the block being mined",
+		Value: eth.DefaultConfig.MinerRecommit,
+	}
+	MinerNoVerfiyFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "miner.noverify",
+		Usage: "Disable remote sealing verification",
+	}
 	// Account settings
 	UnlockedAccountFlag = cli.StringFlag{
 		Name:  "unlock",
@@ -530,6 +567,10 @@ var (
 		Usage: "Minimum POW accepted",
 		Value: whisper.DefaultMinimumPoW,
 	}
+	WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:  "shh.restrict-light",
+		Usage: "Restrict connection between two whisper light clients",
+	}
 
 	// Metrics flags
 	MetricsEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
@@ -810,10 +851,19 @@ func MakeAddress(ks *keystore.KeyStore, account string) (accounts.Account, error
 // setEtherbase retrieves the etherbase either from the directly specified
 // command line flags or from the keystore if CLI indexed.
 func setEtherbase(ctx *cli.Context, ks *keystore.KeyStore, cfg *eth.Config) {
-	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(EtherbaseFlag.Name) {
+	// Extract the current etherbase, new flag overriding legacy one
-		account, err := MakeAddress(ks, ctx.GlobalString(EtherbaseFlag.Name))
+	var etherbase string
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerLegacyEtherbaseFlag.Name) {
+		etherbase = ctx.GlobalString(MinerLegacyEtherbaseFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerEtherbaseFlag.Name) {
+		etherbase = ctx.GlobalString(MinerEtherbaseFlag.Name)
+	}
+	// Convert the etherbase into an address and configure it
+	if etherbase != "" {
+		account, err := MakeAddress(ks, etherbase)
 		if err != nil {
-			Fatalf("Option %q: %v", EtherbaseFlag.Name, err)
+			Fatalf("Invalid miner etherbase: %v", err)
 		}
 		cfg.Etherbase = account.Address
 	}
@@ -844,7 +894,7 @@ func SetP2PConfig(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *p2p.Config) {
 	setBootstrapNodes(ctx, cfg)
 	setBootstrapNodesV5(ctx, cfg)
 
-	lightClient := ctx.GlobalBool(LightModeFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalString(SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light"
+	lightClient := ctx.GlobalString(SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light"
 	lightServer := ctx.GlobalInt(LightServFlag.Name) != 0
 	lightPeers := ctx.GlobalInt(LightPeersFlag.Name)
 
@@ -944,6 +994,16 @@ func setGPO(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *gasprice.Config) {
 }
 
 func setTxPool(ctx *cli.Context, cfg *core.TxPoolConfig) {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(TxPoolLocalsFlag.Name) {
+		locals := strings.Split(ctx.GlobalString(TxPoolLocalsFlag.Name), ",")
+		for _, account := range locals {
+			if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(account); !common.IsHexAddress(trimmed) {
+				Fatalf("Invalid account in --txpool.locals: %s", trimmed)
+			} else {
+				cfg.Locals = append(cfg.Locals, common.HexToAddress(account))
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(TxPoolNoLocalsFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.NoLocals = ctx.GlobalBool(TxPoolNoLocalsFlag.Name)
 	}
@@ -1043,14 +1103,15 @@ func SetShhConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *whisper.Config) {
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.MinimumAcceptedPOW = ctx.GlobalFloat64(WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name)
 	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.RestrictConnectionBetweenLightClients = true
+	}
 }
 
 // SetEthConfig applies eth-related command line flags to the config.
 func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 	// Avoid conflicting network flags
 	checkExclusive(ctx, DeveloperFlag, TestnetFlag, RinkebyFlag)
-	checkExclusive(ctx, FastSyncFlag, LightModeFlag, SyncModeFlag)
-	checkExclusive(ctx, LightServFlag, LightModeFlag)
 	checkExclusive(ctx, LightServFlag, SyncModeFlag, "light")
 
 	ks := stack.AccountManager().Backends(keystore.KeyStoreType)[0].(*keystore.KeyStore)
@@ -1059,13 +1120,8 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 	setTxPool(ctx, &cfg.TxPool)
 	setEthash(ctx, cfg)
 
-	switch {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(SyncModeFlag.Name) {
-	case ctx.GlobalIsSet(SyncModeFlag.Name):
 		cfg.SyncMode = *GlobalTextMarshaler(ctx, SyncModeFlag.Name).(*downloader.SyncMode)
-	case ctx.GlobalBool(FastSyncFlag.Name):
-		cfg.SyncMode = downloader.FastSync
-	case ctx.GlobalBool(LightModeFlag.Name):
-		cfg.SyncMode = downloader.LightSync
 	}
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(LightServFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.LightServ = ctx.GlobalInt(LightServFlag.Name)
@@ -1090,17 +1146,38 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(CacheFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalIsSet(CacheGCFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.TrieCache = ctx.GlobalInt(CacheFlag.Name) * ctx.GlobalInt(CacheGCFlag.Name) / 100
 	}
-	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerThreadsFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerNotifyFlag.Name) {
-		cfg.MinerThreads = ctx.GlobalInt(MinerThreadsFlag.Name)
+		cfg.MinerNotify = strings.Split(ctx.GlobalString(MinerNotifyFlag.Name), ",")
 	}
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(DocRootFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.DocRoot = ctx.GlobalString(DocRootFlag.Name)
 	}
-	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(ExtraDataFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerLegacyExtraDataFlag.Name) {
-		cfg.ExtraData = []byte(ctx.GlobalString(ExtraDataFlag.Name))
+		cfg.MinerExtraData = []byte(ctx.GlobalString(MinerLegacyExtraDataFlag.Name))
 	}
-	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(GasPriceFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerExtraDataFlag.Name) {
-		cfg.GasPrice = GlobalBig(ctx, GasPriceFlag.Name)
+		cfg.MinerExtraData = []byte(ctx.GlobalString(MinerExtraDataFlag.Name))
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerLegacyGasTargetFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerGasFloor = ctx.GlobalUint64(MinerLegacyGasTargetFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerGasTargetFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerGasFloor = ctx.GlobalUint64(MinerGasTargetFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerGasLimitFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerGasCeil = ctx.GlobalUint64(MinerGasLimitFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerGasPrice = GlobalBig(ctx, MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerGasPriceFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerGasPrice = GlobalBig(ctx, MinerGasPriceFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerRecommitIntervalFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerRecommit = ctx.Duration(MinerRecommitIntervalFlag.Name)
+	}
+	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerNoVerfiyFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.MinerNoverify = ctx.Bool(MinerNoVerfiyFlag.Name)
 	}
 	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(VMEnableDebugFlag.Name) {
 		// TODO(fjl): force-enable this in --dev mode
@@ -1142,8 +1219,8 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) {
 		log.Info("Using developer account", "address", developer.Address)
 
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DeveloperGenesisBlock(uint64(ctx.GlobalInt(DeveloperPeriodFlag.Name)), developer.Address)
-		if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(GasPriceFlag.Name) {
+		if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerGasPriceFlag.Name) && !ctx.GlobalIsSet(MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name) {
-			cfg.GasPrice = big.NewInt(1)
+			cfg.MinerGasPrice = big.NewInt(1)
 		}
 	}
 	// TODO(fjl): move trie cache generations into config
@@ -1214,12 +1291,6 @@ func RegisterEthStatsService(stack *node.Node, url string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// SetupNetwork configures the system for either the main net or some test network.
-func SetupNetwork(ctx *cli.Context) {
-	// TODO(fjl): move target gas limit into config
-	params.TargetGasLimit = ctx.GlobalUint64(TargetGasLimitFlag.Name)
-}
-
 func SetupMetrics(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	if metrics.Enabled {
 		log.Info("Enabling metrics collection")
@@ -1248,7 +1319,7 @@ func MakeChainDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) ethdb.Database {
 		handles = makeDatabaseHandles()
 	)
 	name := "chaindata"
-	if ctx.GlobalBool(LightModeFlag.Name) {
+	if ctx.GlobalString(SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light" {
 		name = "lightchaindata"
 	}
 	chainDb, err := stack.OpenDatabase(name, cache, handles)
@@ -1293,7 +1364,7 @@ func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) (chain *core.BlockChain, chai
 				DatasetDir:     stack.ResolvePath(eth.DefaultConfig.Ethash.DatasetDir),
 				DatasetsInMem:  eth.DefaultConfig.Ethash.DatasetsInMem,
 				DatasetsOnDisk: eth.DefaultConfig.Ethash.DatasetsOnDisk,
-			})
+			}, nil, false)
 		}
 	}
 	if gcmode := ctx.GlobalString(GCModeFlag.Name); gcmode != "full" && gcmode != "archive" {

cmd/wnode/main.go

@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ func extractIDFromEnode(s string) []byte {
 	return n.ID[:]
 }
 
-// obfuscateBloom adds 16 random bits to the the bloom
+// obfuscateBloom adds 16 random bits to the bloom
 // filter, in order to obfuscate the containing topics.
 // it does so deterministically within every session.
 // despite additional bits, it will match on average

common/bitutil/compress_test.go

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func TestDecodingCycle(t *testing.T) {
 // TestCompression tests that compression works by returning either the bitset
 // encoded input, or the actual input if the bitset version is longer.
 func TestCompression(t *testing.T) {
-	// Check the the compression returns the bitset encoding is shorter
+	// Check the compression returns the bitset encoding is shorter
 	in := hexutil.MustDecode("0x4912385c0e7b64000000")
 	out := hexutil.MustDecode("0x80fe4912385c0e7b64")
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func TestCompression(t *testing.T) {
 	if data, err := DecompressBytes(out, len(in)); err != nil || !bytes.Equal(data, in) {
 		t.Errorf("decoding mismatch for sparse data: have %x, want %x, error %v", data, in, err)
 	}
-	// Check the the compression returns the input if the bitset encoding is longer
+	// Check the compression returns the input if the bitset encoding is longer
 	in = hexutil.MustDecode("0xdf7070533534333636313639343638373532313536346c1bc33339343837313070706336343035336336346c65fefb3930393233383838ac2f65fefb")
 	out = hexutil.MustDecode("0xdf7070533534333636313639343638373532313536346c1bc33339343837313070706336343035336336346c65fefb3930393233383838ac2f65fefb")
 

common/bytes.go

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func Hex2BytesFixed(str string, flen int) []byte {
 		return h[len(h)-flen:]
 	}
 	hh := make([]byte, flen)
-	copy(hh[flen-len(h):flen], h[:])
+	copy(hh[flen-len(h):flen], h)
 	return hh
 }
 

common/mclock/mclock.go

@@ -30,3 +30,34 @@ type AbsTime time.Duration
 func Now() AbsTime {
 	return AbsTime(monotime.Now())
 }
+
+// Add returns t + d.
+func (t AbsTime) Add(d time.Duration) AbsTime {
+	return t + AbsTime(d)
+}
+
+// Clock interface makes it possible to replace the monotonic system clock with
+// a simulated clock.
+type Clock interface {
+	Now() AbsTime
+	Sleep(time.Duration)
+	After(time.Duration) <-chan time.Time
+}
+
+// System implements Clock using the system clock.
+type System struct{}
+
+// Now implements Clock.
+func (System) Now() AbsTime {
+	return AbsTime(monotime.Now())
+}
+
+// Sleep implements Clock.
+func (System) Sleep(d time.Duration) {
+	time.Sleep(d)
+}
+
+// After implements Clock.
+func (System) After(d time.Duration) <-chan time.Time {
+	return time.After(d)
+}

common/mclock/simclock.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package mclock
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Simulated implements a virtual Clock for reproducible time-sensitive tests. It
+// simulates a scheduler on a virtual timescale where actual processing takes zero time.
+//
+// The virtual clock doesn't advance on its own, call Run to advance it and execute timers.
+// Since there is no way to influence the Go scheduler, testing timeout behaviour involving
+// goroutines needs special care. A good way to test such timeouts is as follows: First
+// perform the action that is supposed to time out. Ensure that the timer you want to test
+// is created. Then run the clock until after the timeout. Finally observe the effect of
+// the timeout using a channel or semaphore.
+type Simulated struct {
+	now       AbsTime
+	scheduled []event
+	mu        sync.RWMutex
+	cond      *sync.Cond
+}
+
+type event struct {
+	do func()
+	at AbsTime
+}
+
+// Run moves the clock by the given duration, executing all timers before that duration.
+func (s *Simulated) Run(d time.Duration) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.init()
+
+	end := s.now + AbsTime(d)
+	for len(s.scheduled) > 0 {
+		ev := s.scheduled[0]
+		if ev.at > end {
+			break
+		}
+		s.now = ev.at
+		ev.do()
+		s.scheduled = s.scheduled[1:]
+	}
+	s.now = end
+}
+
+func (s *Simulated) ActiveTimers() int {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	return len(s.scheduled)
+}
+
+func (s *Simulated) WaitForTimers(n int) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.init()
+
+	for len(s.scheduled) < n {
+		s.cond.Wait()
+	}
+}
+
+// Now implements Clock.
+func (s *Simulated) Now() AbsTime {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	return s.now
+}
+
+// Sleep implements Clock.
+func (s *Simulated) Sleep(d time.Duration) {
+	<-s.After(d)
+}
+
+// After implements Clock.
+func (s *Simulated) After(d time.Duration) <-chan time.Time {
+	after := make(chan time.Time, 1)
+	s.insert(d, func() {
+		after <- (time.Time{}).Add(time.Duration(s.now))
+	})
+	return after
+}
+
+func (s *Simulated) insert(d time.Duration, do func()) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.init()
+
+	at := s.now + AbsTime(d)
+	l, h := 0, len(s.scheduled)
+	ll := h
+	for l != h {
+		m := (l + h) / 2
+		if at < s.scheduled[m].at {
+			h = m
+		} else {
+			l = m + 1
+		}
+	}
+	s.scheduled = append(s.scheduled, event{})
+	copy(s.scheduled[l+1:], s.scheduled[l:ll])
+	s.scheduled[l] = event{do: do, at: at}
+	s.cond.Broadcast()
+}
+
+func (s *Simulated) init() {
+	if s.cond == nil {
+		s.cond = sync.NewCond(&s.mu)
+	}
+}

common/prque/prque.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// This is a duplicated and slightly modified version of "gopkg.in/karalabe/cookiejar.v2/collections/prque".
+
+package prque
+
+import (
+	"container/heap"
+)
+
+// Priority queue data structure.
+type Prque struct {
+	cont *sstack
+}
+
+// Creates a new priority queue.
+func New(setIndex setIndexCallback) *Prque {
+	return &Prque{newSstack(setIndex)}
+}
+
+// Pushes a value with a given priority into the queue, expanding if necessary.
+func (p *Prque) Push(data interface{}, priority int64) {
+	heap.Push(p.cont, &item{data, priority})
+}
+
+// Pops the value with the greates priority off the stack and returns it.
+// Currently no shrinking is done.
+func (p *Prque) Pop() (interface{}, int64) {
+	item := heap.Pop(p.cont).(*item)
+	return item.value, item.priority
+}
+
+// Pops only the item from the queue, dropping the associated priority value.
+func (p *Prque) PopItem() interface{} {
+	return heap.Pop(p.cont).(*item).value
+}
+
+// Remove removes the element with the given index.
+func (p *Prque) Remove(i int) interface{} {
+	if i < 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return heap.Remove(p.cont, i)
+}
+
+// Checks whether the priority queue is empty.
+func (p *Prque) Empty() bool {
+	return p.cont.Len() == 0
+}
+
+// Returns the number of element in the priority queue.
+func (p *Prque) Size() int {
+	return p.cont.Len()
+}
+
+// Clears the contents of the priority queue.
+func (p *Prque) Reset() {
+	*p = *New(p.cont.setIndex)
+}

common/prque/sstack.go

@@ -1,10 +1,4 @@
-// CookieJar - A contestant's algorithm toolbox
+// This is a duplicated and slightly modified version of "gopkg.in/karalabe/cookiejar.v2/collections/prque".
-// Copyright (c) 2013 Peter Szilagyi. All rights reserved.
-//
-// CookieJar is dual licensed: use of this source code is governed by a BSD
-// license that can be found in the LICENSE file. Alternatively, the CookieJar
-// toolbox may be used in accordance with the terms and conditions contained
-// in a signed written agreement between you and the author(s).
 
 package prque
 
@@ -12,15 +6,24 @@ package prque
 const blockSize = 4096
 
 // A prioritized item in the sorted stack.
+//
+// Note: priorities can "wrap around" the int64 range, a comes before b if (a.priority - b.priority) > 0.
+// The difference between the lowest and highest priorities in the queue at any point should be less than 2^63.
 type item struct {
 	value    interface{}
-	priority float32
+	priority int64
 }
 
+// setIndexCallback is called when the element is moved to a new index.
+// Providing setIndexCallback is optional, it is needed only if the application needs
+// to delete elements other than the top one.
+type setIndexCallback func(a interface{}, i int)
+
 // Internal sortable stack data structure. Implements the Push and Pop ops for
 // the stack (heap) functionality and the Len, Less and Swap methods for the
 // sortability requirements of the heaps.
 type sstack struct {
+	setIndex setIndexCallback
 	size     int
 	capacity int
 	offset   int
@@ -30,8 +33,9 @@ type sstack struct {
 }
 
 // Creates a new, empty stack.
-func newSstack() *sstack {
+func newSstack(setIndex setIndexCallback) *sstack {
 	result := new(sstack)
+	result.setIndex = setIndex
 	result.active = make([]*item, blockSize)
 	result.blocks = [][]*item{result.active}
 	result.capacity = blockSize
@@ -50,6 +54,9 @@ func (s *sstack) Push(data interface{}) {
 		s.active = s.blocks[s.size/blockSize]
 		s.offset = 0
 	}
+	if s.setIndex != nil {
+		s.setIndex(data.(*item).value, s.size)
+	}
 	s.active[s.offset] = data.(*item)
 	s.offset++
 	s.size++
@@ -65,6 +72,9 @@ func (s *sstack) Pop() (res interface{}) {
 		s.active = s.blocks[s.size/blockSize]
 	}
 	res, s.active[s.offset] = s.active[s.offset], nil
+	if s.setIndex != nil {
+		s.setIndex(res.(*item).value, -1)
+	}
 	return
 }
 
@@ -76,16 +86,21 @@ func (s *sstack) Len() int {
 // Compares the priority of two elements of the stack (higher is first).
 // Required by sort.Interface.
 func (s *sstack) Less(i, j int) bool {
-	return s.blocks[i/blockSize][i%blockSize].priority > s.blocks[j/blockSize][j%blockSize].priority
+	return (s.blocks[i/blockSize][i%blockSize].priority - s.blocks[j/blockSize][j%blockSize].priority) > 0
 }
 
 // Swaps two elements in the stack. Required by sort.Interface.
 func (s *sstack) Swap(i, j int) {
 	ib, io, jb, jo := i/blockSize, i%blockSize, j/blockSize, j%blockSize
-	s.blocks[ib][io], s.blocks[jb][jo] = s.blocks[jb][jo], s.blocks[ib][io]
+	a, b := s.blocks[jb][jo], s.blocks[ib][io]
+	if s.setIndex != nil {
+		s.setIndex(a.value, i)
+		s.setIndex(b.value, j)
+	}
+	s.blocks[ib][io], s.blocks[jb][jo] = a, b
 }
 
 // Resets the stack, effectively clearing its contents.
 func (s *sstack) Reset() {
-	*s = *newSstack()
+	*s = *newSstack(s.setIndex)
 }

common/types.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import (
 const (
 	// HashLength is the expected length of the hash
 	HashLength = 32
-	// AddressLength is the expected length of the adddress
+	// AddressLength is the expected length of the address
 	AddressLength = 20
 )
 

consensus/clique/clique.go

@@ -93,27 +93,33 @@ var (
 
 	// errMissingSignature is returned if a block's extra-data section doesn't seem
 	// to contain a 65 byte secp256k1 signature.
-	errMissingSignature = errors.New("extra-data 65 byte suffix signature missing")
+	errMissingSignature = errors.New("extra-data 65 byte signature suffix missing")
 
 	// errExtraSigners is returned if non-checkpoint block contain signer data in
 	// their extra-data fields.
 	errExtraSigners = errors.New("non-checkpoint block contains extra signer list")
 
 	// errInvalidCheckpointSigners is returned if a checkpoint block contains an
-	// invalid list of signers (i.e. non divisible by 20 bytes, or not the correct
+	// invalid list of signers (i.e. non divisible by 20 bytes).
-	// ones).
 	errInvalidCheckpointSigners = errors.New("invalid signer list on checkpoint block")
 
+	// errMismatchingCheckpointSigners is returned if a checkpoint block contains a
+	// list of signers different than the one the local node calculated.
+	errMismatchingCheckpointSigners = errors.New("mismatching signer list on checkpoint block")
+
 	// errInvalidMixDigest is returned if a block's mix digest is non-zero.
 	errInvalidMixDigest = errors.New("non-zero mix digest")
 
 	// errInvalidUncleHash is returned if a block contains an non-empty uncle list.
 	errInvalidUncleHash = errors.New("non empty uncle hash")
 
-	// errInvalidDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block is not either
+	// errInvalidDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block neither 1 or 2.
-	// of 1 or 2, or if the value does not match the turn of the signer.
 	errInvalidDifficulty = errors.New("invalid difficulty")
 
+	// errWrongDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block doesn't match the
+	// turn of the signer.
+	errWrongDifficulty = errors.New("wrong difficulty")
+
 	// ErrInvalidTimestamp is returned if the timestamp of a block is lower than
 	// the previous block's timestamp + the minimum block period.
 	ErrInvalidTimestamp = errors.New("invalid timestamp")
@@ -122,8 +128,12 @@ var (
 	// be modified via out-of-range or non-contiguous headers.
 	errInvalidVotingChain = errors.New("invalid voting chain")
 
-	// errUnauthorized is returned if a header is signed by a non-authorized entity.
+	// errUnauthorizedSigner is returned if a header is signed by a non-authorized entity.
-	errUnauthorized = errors.New("unauthorized")
+	errUnauthorizedSigner = errors.New("unauthorized signer")
+
+	// errRecentlySigned is returned if a header is signed by an authorized entity
+	// that already signed a header recently, thus is temporarily not allowed to.
+	errRecentlySigned = errors.New("recently signed")
 
 	// errWaitTransactions is returned if an empty block is attempted to be sealed
 	// on an instant chain (0 second period). It's important to refuse these as the
@@ -205,6 +215,9 @@ type Clique struct {
 	signer common.Address // Ethereum address of the signing key
 	signFn SignerFn       // Signer function to authorize hashes with
 	lock   sync.RWMutex   // Protects the signer fields
+
+	// The fields below are for testing only
+	fakeDiff bool // Skip difficulty verifications
 }
 
 // New creates a Clique proof-of-authority consensus engine with the initial
@@ -359,7 +372,7 @@ func (c *Clique) verifyCascadingFields(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *type
 		}
 		extraSuffix := len(header.Extra) - extraSeal
 		if !bytes.Equal(header.Extra[extraVanity:extraSuffix], signers) {
-			return errInvalidCheckpointSigners
+			return errMismatchingCheckpointSigners
 		}
 	}
 	// All basic checks passed, verify the seal and return
@@ -387,22 +400,23 @@ func (c *Clique) snapshot(chain consensus.ChainReader, number uint64, hash commo
 				break
 			}
 		}
-		// If we're at block zero, make a snapshot
+		// If we're at an checkpoint block, make a snapshot if it's known
-		if number == 0 {
+		if number == 0 || (number%c.config.Epoch == 0 && chain.GetHeaderByNumber(number-1) == nil) {
-			genesis := chain.GetHeaderByNumber(0)
+			checkpoint := chain.GetHeaderByNumber(number)
-			if err := c.VerifyHeader(chain, genesis, false); err != nil {
+			if checkpoint != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				hash := checkpoint.Hash()
+
+				signers := make([]common.Address, (len(checkpoint.Extra)-extraVanity-extraSeal)/common.AddressLength)
+				for i := 0; i < len(signers); i++ {
+					copy(signers[i][:], checkpoint.Extra[extraVanity+i*common.AddressLength:])
+				}
+				snap = newSnapshot(c.config, c.signatures, number, hash, signers)
+				if err := snap.store(c.db); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				log.Info("Stored checkpoint snapshot to disk", "number", number, "hash", hash)
+				break
 			}
-			signers := make([]common.Address, (len(genesis.Extra)-extraVanity-extraSeal)/common.AddressLength)
-			for i := 0; i < len(signers); i++ {
-				copy(signers[i][:], genesis.Extra[extraVanity+i*common.AddressLength:])
-			}
-			snap = newSnapshot(c.config, c.signatures, 0, genesis.Hash(), signers)
-			if err := snap.store(c.db); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			log.Trace("Stored genesis voting snapshot to disk")
-			break
 		}
 		// No snapshot for this header, gather the header and move backward
 		var header *types.Header
@@ -480,23 +494,25 @@ func (c *Clique) verifySeal(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header, p
 		return err
 	}
 	if _, ok := snap.Signers[signer]; !ok {
-		return errUnauthorized
+		return errUnauthorizedSigner
 	}
 	for seen, recent := range snap.Recents {
 		if recent == signer {
 			// Signer is among recents, only fail if the current block doesn't shift it out
 			if limit := uint64(len(snap.Signers)/2 + 1); seen > number-limit {
-				return errUnauthorized
+				return errRecentlySigned
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	// Ensure that the difficulty corresponds to the turn-ness of the signer
-	inturn := snap.inturn(header.Number.Uint64(), signer)
+	if !c.fakeDiff {
-	if inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) != 0 {
+		inturn := snap.inturn(header.Number.Uint64(), signer)
-		return errInvalidDifficulty
+		if inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) != 0 {
-	}
+			return errWrongDifficulty
-	if !inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffNoTurn) != 0 {
+		}
-		return errInvalidDifficulty
+		if !inturn && header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffNoTurn) != 0 {
+			return errWrongDifficulty
+		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -589,17 +605,17 @@ func (c *Clique) Authorize(signer common.Address, signFn SignerFn) {
 
 // Seal implements consensus.Engine, attempting to create a sealed block using
 // the local signing credentials.
-func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
 	header := block.Header()
 
 	// Sealing the genesis block is not supported
 	number := header.Number.Uint64()
 	if number == 0 {
-		return nil, errUnknownBlock
+		return errUnknownBlock
 	}
 	// For 0-period chains, refuse to seal empty blocks (no reward but would spin sealing)
 	if c.config.Period == 0 && len(block.Transactions()) == 0 {
-		return nil, errWaitTransactions
+		return errWaitTransactions
 	}
 	// Don't hold the signer fields for the entire sealing procedure
 	c.lock.RLock()
@@ -609,10 +625,10 @@ func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-ch
 	// Bail out if we're unauthorized to sign a block
 	snap, err := c.snapshot(chain, number-1, header.ParentHash, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return err
 	}
 	if _, authorized := snap.Signers[signer]; !authorized {
-		return nil, errUnauthorized
+		return errUnauthorizedSigner
 	}
 	// If we're amongst the recent signers, wait for the next block
 	for seen, recent := range snap.Recents {
@@ -620,8 +636,7 @@ func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-ch
 			// Signer is among recents, only wait if the current block doesn't shift it out
 			if limit := uint64(len(snap.Signers)/2 + 1); number < limit || seen > number-limit {
 				log.Info("Signed recently, must wait for others")
-				<-stop
+				return nil
-				return nil, nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -634,21 +649,29 @@ func (c *Clique) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-ch
 
 		log.Trace("Out-of-turn signing requested", "wiggle", common.PrettyDuration(wiggle))
 	}
-	log.Trace("Waiting for slot to sign and propagate", "delay", common.PrettyDuration(delay))
-
-	select {
-	case <-stop:
-		return nil, nil
-	case <-time.After(delay):
-	}
 	// Sign all the things!
 	sighash, err := signFn(accounts.Account{Address: signer}, sigHash(header).Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return err
 	}
 	copy(header.Extra[len(header.Extra)-extraSeal:], sighash)
+	// Wait until sealing is terminated or delay timeout.
+	log.Trace("Waiting for slot to sign and propagate", "delay", common.PrettyDuration(delay))
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-stop:
+			return
+		case <-time.After(delay):
+		}
 
-	return block.WithSeal(header), nil
+		select {
+		case results <- block.WithSeal(header):
+		default:
+			log.Warn("Sealing result is not read by miner", "sealhash", c.SealHash(header))
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 // CalcDifficulty is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns the difficulty
@@ -672,6 +695,11 @@ func CalcDifficulty(snap *Snapshot, signer common.Address) *big.Int {
 	return new(big.Int).Set(diffNoTurn)
 }
 
+// SealHash returns the hash of a block prior to it being sealed.
+func (c *Clique) SealHash(header *types.Header) common.Hash {
+	return sigHash(header)
+}
+
 // Close implements consensus.Engine. It's a noop for clique as there is are no background threads.
 func (c *Clique) Close() error {
 	return nil

consensus/clique/snapshot.go

@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ type Snapshot struct {
 	Tally   map[common.Address]Tally    `json:"tally"`   // Current vote tally to avoid recalculating
 }
 
-// signers implements the sort interface to allow sorting a list of addresses
+// signersAscending implements the sort interface to allow sorting a list of addresses
-type signers []common.Address
+type signersAscending []common.Address
 
-func (s signers) Len() int           { return len(s) }
+func (s signersAscending) Len() int           { return len(s) }
-func (s signers) Less(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(s[i][:], s[j][:]) < 0 }
+func (s signersAscending) Less(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(s[i][:], s[j][:]) < 0 }
-func (s signers) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+func (s signersAscending) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
 
 // newSnapshot creates a new snapshot with the specified startup parameters. This
 // method does not initialize the set of recent signers, so only ever use if for
@@ -214,11 +214,11 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header) (*Snapshot, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		if _, ok := snap.Signers[signer]; !ok {
-			return nil, errUnauthorized
+			return nil, errUnauthorizedSigner
 		}
 		for _, recent := range snap.Recents {
 			if recent == signer {
-				return nil, errUnauthorized
+				return nil, errRecentlySigned
 			}
 		}
 		snap.Recents[number] = signer
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ func (s *Snapshot) signers() []common.Address {
 	for sig := range s.Signers {
 		sigs = append(sigs, sig)
 	}
-	sort.Sort(signers(sigs))
+	sort.Sort(signersAscending(sigs))
 	return sigs
 }
 

consensus/clique/snapshot_test.go

@@ -19,24 +19,18 @@ package clique
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
-	"math/big"
+	"sort"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 )
 
-type testerVote struct {
-	signer string
-	voted  string
-	auth   bool
-}
-
 // testerAccountPool is a pool to maintain currently active tester accounts,
 // mapped from textual names used in the tests below to actual Ethereum private
 // keys capable of signing transactions.
@@ -50,17 +44,26 @@ func newTesterAccountPool() *testerAccountPool {
 	}
 }
 
-func (ap *testerAccountPool) sign(header *types.Header, signer string) {
+// checkpoint creates a Clique checkpoint signer section from the provided list
-	// Ensure we have a persistent key for the signer
+// of authorized signers and embeds it into the provided header.
-	if ap.accounts[signer] == nil {
+func (ap *testerAccountPool) checkpoint(header *types.Header, signers []string) {
-		ap.accounts[signer], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+	auths := make([]common.Address, len(signers))
+	for i, signer := range signers {
+		auths[i] = ap.address(signer)
+	}
+	sort.Sort(signersAscending(auths))
+	for i, auth := range auths {
+		copy(header.Extra[extraVanity+i*common.AddressLength:], auth.Bytes())
 	}
-	// Sign the header and embed the signature in extra data
-	sig, _ := crypto.Sign(sigHash(header).Bytes(), ap.accounts[signer])
-	copy(header.Extra[len(header.Extra)-65:], sig)
 }
 
+// address retrieves the Ethereum address of a tester account by label, creating
+// a new account if no previous one exists yet.
 func (ap *testerAccountPool) address(account string) common.Address {
+	// Return the zero account for non-addresses
+	if account == "" {
+		return common.Address{}
+	}
 	// Ensure we have a persistent key for the account
 	if ap.accounts[account] == nil {
 		ap.accounts[account], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
@@ -69,32 +72,38 @@ func (ap *testerAccountPool) address(account string) common.Address {
 	return crypto.PubkeyToAddress(ap.accounts[account].PublicKey)
 }
 
-// testerChainReader implements consensus.ChainReader to access the genesis
+// sign calculates a Clique digital signature for the given block and embeds it
-// block. All other methods and requests will panic.
+// back into the header.
-type testerChainReader struct {
+func (ap *testerAccountPool) sign(header *types.Header, signer string) {
-	db ethdb.Database
+	// Ensure we have a persistent key for the signer
-}
+	if ap.accounts[signer] == nil {
-
+		ap.accounts[signer], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
-func (r *testerChainReader) Config() *params.ChainConfig                 { return params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges }
-func (r *testerChainReader) CurrentHeader() *types.Header                { panic("not supported") }
-func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeader(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Header { panic("not supported") }
-func (r *testerChainReader) GetBlock(common.Hash, uint64) *types.Block   { panic("not supported") }
-func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeaderByHash(common.Hash) *types.Header   { panic("not supported") }
-func (r *testerChainReader) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
-	if number == 0 {
-		return rawdb.ReadHeader(r.db, rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(r.db, 0), 0)
 	}
-	panic("not supported")
+	// Sign the header and embed the signature in extra data
+	sig, _ := crypto.Sign(sigHash(header).Bytes(), ap.accounts[signer])
+	copy(header.Extra[len(header.Extra)-extraSeal:], sig)
 }
 
-// Tests that voting is evaluated correctly for various simple and complex scenarios.
+// testerVote represents a single block signed by a parcitular account, where
-func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
+// the account may or may not have cast a Clique vote.
+type testerVote struct {
+	signer     string
+	voted      string
+	auth       bool
+	checkpoint []string
+	newbatch   bool
+}
+
+// Tests that Clique signer voting is evaluated correctly for various simple and
+// complex scenarios, as well as that a few special corner cases fail correctly.
+func TestClique(t *testing.T) {
 	// Define the various voting scenarios to test
 	tests := []struct {
 		epoch   uint64
 		signers []string
 		votes   []testerVote
 		results []string
+		failure error
 	}{
 		{
 			// Single signer, no votes cast
@@ -322,10 +331,49 @@ func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
 			votes: []testerVote{
 				{signer: "A", voted: "C", auth: true},
 				{signer: "B"},
-				{signer: "A"}, // Checkpoint block, (don't vote here, it's validated outside of snapshots)
+				{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B"}},
 				{signer: "B", voted: "C", auth: true},
 			},
 			results: []string{"A", "B"},
+		}, {
+			// An unauthorized signer should not be able to sign blocks
+			signers: []string{"A"},
+			votes: []testerVote{
+				{signer: "B"},
+			},
+			failure: errUnauthorizedSigner,
+		}, {
+			// An authorized signer that signed recenty should not be able to sign again
+			signers: []string{"A", "B"},
+			votes: []testerVote{
+				{signer: "A"},
+				{signer: "A"},
+			},
+			failure: errRecentlySigned,
+		}, {
+			// Recent signatures should not reset on checkpoint blocks imported in a batch
+			epoch:   3,
+			signers: []string{"A", "B", "C"},
+			votes: []testerVote{
+				{signer: "A"},
+				{signer: "B"},
+				{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B", "C"}},
+				{signer: "A"},
+			},
+			failure: errRecentlySigned,
+		}, {
+			// Recent signatures should not reset on checkpoint blocks imported in a new
+			// batch (https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/17593). Whilst this
+			// seems overly specific and weird, it was a Rinkeby consensus split.
+			epoch:   3,
+			signers: []string{"A", "B", "C"},
+			votes: []testerVote{
+				{signer: "A"},
+				{signer: "B"},
+				{signer: "A", checkpoint: []string{"A", "B", "C"}},
+				{signer: "A", newbatch: true},
+			},
+			failure: errRecentlySigned,
 		},
 	}
 	// Run through the scenarios and test them
@@ -356,28 +404,78 @@ func TestVoting(t *testing.T) {
 		genesis.Commit(db)
 
 		// Assemble a chain of headers from the cast votes
-		headers := make([]*types.Header, len(tt.votes))
+		config := *params.TestChainConfig
-		for j, vote := range tt.votes {
+		config.Clique = &params.CliqueConfig{
-			headers[j] = &types.Header{
+			Period: 1,
-				Number:   big.NewInt(int64(j) + 1),
+			Epoch:  tt.epoch,
-				Time:     big.NewInt(int64(j) * 15),
+		}
-				Coinbase: accounts.address(vote.voted),
+		engine := New(config.Clique, db)
-				Extra:    make([]byte, extraVanity+extraSeal),
+		engine.fakeDiff = true
+
+		blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(&config, genesis.ToBlock(db), engine, db, len(tt.votes), func(j int, gen *core.BlockGen) {
+			// Cast the vote contained in this block
+			gen.SetCoinbase(accounts.address(tt.votes[j].voted))
+			if tt.votes[j].auth {
+				var nonce types.BlockNonce
+				copy(nonce[:], nonceAuthVote)
+				gen.SetNonce(nonce)
 			}
+		})
+		// Iterate through the blocks and seal them individually
+		for j, block := range blocks {
+			// Geth the header and prepare it for signing
+			header := block.Header()
 			if j > 0 {
-				headers[j].ParentHash = headers[j-1].Hash()
+				header.ParentHash = blocks[j-1].Hash()
 			}
-			if vote.auth {
+			header.Extra = make([]byte, extraVanity+extraSeal)
-				copy(headers[j].Nonce[:], nonceAuthVote)
+			if auths := tt.votes[j].checkpoint; auths != nil {
+				header.Extra = make([]byte, extraVanity+len(auths)*common.AddressLength+extraSeal)
+				accounts.checkpoint(header, auths)
 			}
-			accounts.sign(headers[j], vote.signer)
+			header.Difficulty = diffInTurn // Ignored, we just need a valid number
+
+			// Generate the signature, embed it into the header and the block
+			accounts.sign(header, tt.votes[j].signer)
+			blocks[j] = block.WithSeal(header)
+		}
+		// Split the blocks up into individual import batches (cornercase testing)
+		batches := [][]*types.Block{nil}
+		for j, block := range blocks {
+			if tt.votes[j].newbatch {
+				batches = append(batches, nil)
+			}
+			batches[len(batches)-1] = append(batches[len(batches)-1], block)
 		}
 		// Pass all the headers through clique and ensure tallying succeeds
-		head := headers[len(headers)-1]
+		chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(db, nil, &config, engine, vm.Config{})
-
-		snap, err := New(&params.CliqueConfig{Epoch: tt.epoch}, db).snapshot(&testerChainReader{db: db}, head.Number.Uint64(), head.Hash(), headers)
 		if err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("test %d: failed to create voting snapshot: %v", i, err)
+			t.Errorf("test %d: failed to create test chain: %v", i, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		failed := false
+		for j := 0; j < len(batches)-1; j++ {
+			if k, err := chain.InsertChain(batches[j]); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("test %d: failed to import batch %d, block %d: %v", i, j, k, err)
+				failed = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if failed {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, err = chain.InsertChain(batches[len(batches)-1]); err != tt.failure {
+			t.Errorf("test %d: failure mismatch: have %v, want %v", i, err, tt.failure)
+		}
+		if tt.failure != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		// No failure was produced or requested, generate the final voting snapshot
+		head := blocks[len(blocks)-1]
+
+		snap, err := engine.snapshot(chain, head.NumberU64(), head.Hash(), nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("test %d: failed to retrieve voting snapshot: %v", i, err)
 			continue
 		}
 		// Verify the final list of signers against the expected ones

consensus/consensus.go

@@ -86,9 +86,15 @@ type Engine interface {
 	Finalize(chain ChainReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, txs []*types.Transaction,
 		uncles []*types.Header, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error)
 
-	// Seal generates a new block for the given input block with the local miner's
+	// Seal generates a new sealing request for the given input block and pushes
-	// seal place on top.
+	// the result into the given channel.
-	Seal(chain ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) (*types.Block, error)
+	//
+	// Note, the method returns immediately and will send the result async. More
+	// than one result may also be returned depending on the consensus algorithm.
+	Seal(chain ChainReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error
+
+	// SealHash returns the hash of a block prior to it being sealed.
+	SealHash(header *types.Header) common.Hash
 
 	// CalcDifficulty is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns the difficulty
 	// that a new block should have.

consensus/ethash/algorithm_test.go

@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ func TestConcurrentDiskCacheGeneration(t *testing.T) {
 
 		go func(idx int) {
 			defer pend.Done()
-			ethash := New(Config{cachedir, 0, 1, "", 0, 0, ModeNormal})
+			ethash := New(Config{cachedir, 0, 1, "", 0, 0, ModeNormal}, nil, false)
 			defer ethash.Close()
 			if err := ethash.VerifySeal(nil, block.Header()); err != nil {
 				t.Errorf("proc %d: block verification failed: %v", idx, err)

consensus/ethash/consensus.go

@@ -31,15 +31,31 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/misc"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/sha3"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 )
 
 // Ethash proof-of-work protocol constants.
 var (
-	FrontierBlockReward    *big.Int = big.NewInt(5e+18) // Block reward in wei for successfully mining a block
+	FrontierBlockReward       = big.NewInt(5e+18) // Block reward in wei for successfully mining a block
-	ByzantiumBlockReward   *big.Int = big.NewInt(3e+18) // Block reward in wei for successfully mining a block upward from Byzantium
+	ByzantiumBlockReward      = big.NewInt(3e+18) // Block reward in wei for successfully mining a block upward from Byzantium
-	maxUncles                       = 2                 // Maximum number of uncles allowed in a single block
+	ConstantinopleBlockReward = big.NewInt(2e+18) // Block reward in wei for successfully mining a block upward from Constantinople
-	allowedFutureBlockTime          = 15 * time.Second  // Max time from current time allowed for blocks, before they're considered future blocks
+	maxUncles                 = 2                 // Maximum number of uncles allowed in a single block
+	allowedFutureBlockTime    = 15 * time.Second  // Max time from current time allowed for blocks, before they're considered future blocks
+
+	// calcDifficultyConstantinople is the difficulty adjustment algorithm for Constantinople.
+	// It returns the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
+	// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Byzantium rules, but with
+	// bomb offset 5M.
+	// Specification EIP-1234: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1234
+	calcDifficultyConstantinople = makeDifficultyCalculator(big.NewInt(5000000))
+
+	// calcDifficultyByzantium is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
+	// the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
+	// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Byzantium rules.
+	// Specification EIP-649: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-649
+	calcDifficultyByzantium = makeDifficultyCalculator(big.NewInt(3000000))
 )
 
 // Various error messages to mark blocks invalid. These should be private to
@@ -297,6 +313,8 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) CalcDifficulty(chain consensus.ChainReader, time uint64, p
 func CalcDifficulty(config *params.ChainConfig, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
 	next := new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, big1)
 	switch {
+	case config.IsConstantinople(next):
+		return calcDifficultyConstantinople(time, parent)
 	case config.IsByzantium(next):
 		return calcDifficultyByzantium(time, parent)
 	case config.IsHomestead(next):
@@ -314,66 +332,69 @@ var (
 	big9          = big.NewInt(9)
 	big10         = big.NewInt(10)
 	bigMinus99    = big.NewInt(-99)
-	big2999999    = big.NewInt(2999999)
 )
 
-// calcDifficultyByzantium is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
+// makeDifficultyCalculator creates a difficultyCalculator with the given bomb-delay.
-// the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
+// the difficulty is calculated with Byzantium rules, which differs from Homestead in
-// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Byzantium rules.
+// how uncles affect the calculation
-func calcDifficultyByzantium(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
+func makeDifficultyCalculator(bombDelay *big.Int) func(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
-	// https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/100.
+	// Note, the calculations below looks at the parent number, which is 1 below
-	// algorithm:
+	// the block number. Thus we remove one from the delay given
-	// diff = (parent_diff +
+	bombDelayFromParent := new(big.Int).Sub(bombDelay, big1)
-	//         (parent_diff / 2048 * max((2 if len(parent.uncles) else 1) - ((timestamp - parent.timestamp) // 9), -99))
+	return func(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
-	//        ) + 2^(periodCount - 2)
+		// https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/100.
+		// algorithm:
+		// diff = (parent_diff +
+		//         (parent_diff / 2048 * max((2 if len(parent.uncles) else 1) - ((timestamp - parent.timestamp) // 9), -99))
+		//        ) + 2^(periodCount - 2)
 
-	bigTime := new(big.Int).SetUint64(time)
+		bigTime := new(big.Int).SetUint64(time)
-	bigParentTime := new(big.Int).Set(parent.Time)
+		bigParentTime := new(big.Int).Set(parent.Time)
 
-	// holds intermediate values to make the algo easier to read & audit
+		// holds intermediate values to make the algo easier to read & audit
-	x := new(big.Int)
+		x := new(big.Int)
-	y := new(big.Int)
+		y := new(big.Int)
 
-	// (2 if len(parent_uncles) else 1) - (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 9
+		// (2 if len(parent_uncles) else 1) - (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 9
-	x.Sub(bigTime, bigParentTime)
+		x.Sub(bigTime, bigParentTime)
-	x.Div(x, big9)
+		x.Div(x, big9)
-	if parent.UncleHash == types.EmptyUncleHash {
+		if parent.UncleHash == types.EmptyUncleHash {
-		x.Sub(big1, x)
+			x.Sub(big1, x)
-	} else {
+		} else {
-		x.Sub(big2, x)
+			x.Sub(big2, x)
-	}
+		}
-	// max((2 if len(parent_uncles) else 1) - (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 9, -99)
+		// max((2 if len(parent_uncles) else 1) - (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 9, -99)
-	if x.Cmp(bigMinus99) < 0 {
+		if x.Cmp(bigMinus99) < 0 {
-		x.Set(bigMinus99)
+			x.Set(bigMinus99)
-	}
+		}
-	// parent_diff + (parent_diff / 2048 * max((2 if len(parent.uncles) else 1) - ((timestamp - parent.timestamp) // 9), -99))
+		// parent_diff + (parent_diff / 2048 * max((2 if len(parent.uncles) else 1) - ((timestamp - parent.timestamp) // 9), -99))
-	y.Div(parent.Difficulty, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
+		y.Div(parent.Difficulty, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
-	x.Mul(y, x)
+		x.Mul(y, x)
-	x.Add(parent.Difficulty, x)
+		x.Add(parent.Difficulty, x)
 
-	// minimum difficulty can ever be (before exponential factor)
+		// minimum difficulty can ever be (before exponential factor)
-	if x.Cmp(params.MinimumDifficulty) < 0 {
+		if x.Cmp(params.MinimumDifficulty) < 0 {
-		x.Set(params.MinimumDifficulty)
+			x.Set(params.MinimumDifficulty)
-	}
+		}
-	// calculate a fake block number for the ice-age delay:
+		// calculate a fake block number for the ice-age delay
-	// https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669
+		// Specification: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1234
-	// fake_block_number = max(0, block.number - 3_000_000)
+		fakeBlockNumber := new(big.Int)
-	fakeBlockNumber := new(big.Int)
+		if parent.Number.Cmp(bombDelayFromParent) >= 0 {
-	if parent.Number.Cmp(big2999999) >= 0 {
+			fakeBlockNumber = fakeBlockNumber.Sub(parent.Number, bombDelayFromParent)
-		fakeBlockNumber = fakeBlockNumber.Sub(parent.Number, big2999999) // Note, parent is 1 less than the actual block number
+		}
-	}
+		// for the exponential factor
-	// for the exponential factor
+		periodCount := fakeBlockNumber
-	periodCount := fakeBlockNumber
+		periodCount.Div(periodCount, expDiffPeriod)
-	periodCount.Div(periodCount, expDiffPeriod)
 
-	// the exponential factor, commonly referred to as "the bomb"
+		// the exponential factor, commonly referred to as "the bomb"
-	// diff = diff + 2^(periodCount - 2)
+		// diff = diff + 2^(periodCount - 2)
-	if periodCount.Cmp(big1) > 0 {
+		if periodCount.Cmp(big1) > 0 {
-		y.Sub(periodCount, big2)
+			y.Sub(periodCount, big2)
-		y.Exp(big2, y, nil)
+			y.Exp(big2, y, nil)
-		x.Add(x, y)
+			x.Add(x, y)
+		}
+		return x
 	}
-	return x
 }
 
 // calcDifficultyHomestead is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
@@ -461,6 +482,13 @@ func calcDifficultyFrontier(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
 // VerifySeal implements consensus.Engine, checking whether the given block satisfies
 // the PoW difficulty requirements.
 func (ethash *Ethash) VerifySeal(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header) error {
+	return ethash.verifySeal(chain, header, false)
+}
+
+// verifySeal checks whether a block satisfies the PoW difficulty requirements,
+// either using the usual ethash cache for it, or alternatively using a full DAG
+// to make remote mining fast.
+func (ethash *Ethash) verifySeal(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header, fulldag bool) error {
 	// If we're running a fake PoW, accept any seal as valid
 	if ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFake || ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFullFake {
 		time.Sleep(ethash.fakeDelay)
@@ -471,29 +499,52 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) VerifySeal(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Head
 	}
 	// If we're running a shared PoW, delegate verification to it
 	if ethash.shared != nil {
-		return ethash.shared.VerifySeal(chain, header)
+		return ethash.shared.verifySeal(chain, header, fulldag)
 	}
 	// Ensure that we have a valid difficulty for the block
 	if header.Difficulty.Sign() <= 0 {
 		return errInvalidDifficulty
 	}
-	// Recompute the digest and PoW value and verify against the header
+	// Recompute the digest and PoW values
 	number := header.Number.Uint64()
 
-	cache := ethash.cache(number)
+	var (
-	size := datasetSize(number)
+		digest []byte
-	if ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest {
+		result []byte
-		size = 32 * 1024
+	)
-	}
+	// If fast-but-heavy PoW verification was requested, use an ethash dataset
-	digest, result := hashimotoLight(size, cache.cache, header.HashNoNonce().Bytes(), header.Nonce.Uint64())
+	if fulldag {
-	// Caches are unmapped in a finalizer. Ensure that the cache stays live
+		dataset := ethash.dataset(number, true)
-	// until after the call to hashimotoLight so it's not unmapped while being used.
+		if dataset.generated() {
-	runtime.KeepAlive(cache)
+			digest, result = hashimotoFull(dataset.dataset, ethash.SealHash(header).Bytes(), header.Nonce.Uint64())
 
+			// Datasets are unmapped in a finalizer. Ensure that the dataset stays alive
+			// until after the call to hashimotoFull so it's not unmapped while being used.
+			runtime.KeepAlive(dataset)
+		} else {
+			// Dataset not yet generated, don't hang, use a cache instead
+			fulldag = false
+		}
+	}
+	// If slow-but-light PoW verification was requested (or DAG not yet ready), use an ethash cache
+	if !fulldag {
+		cache := ethash.cache(number)
+
+		size := datasetSize(number)
+		if ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest {
+			size = 32 * 1024
+		}
+		digest, result = hashimotoLight(size, cache.cache, ethash.SealHash(header).Bytes(), header.Nonce.Uint64())
+
+		// Caches are unmapped in a finalizer. Ensure that the cache stays alive
+		// until after the call to hashimotoLight so it's not unmapped while being used.
+		runtime.KeepAlive(cache)
+	}
+	// Verify the calculated values against the ones provided in the header
 	if !bytes.Equal(header.MixDigest[:], digest) {
 		return errInvalidMixDigest
 	}
-	target := new(big.Int).Div(maxUint256, header.Difficulty)
+	target := new(big.Int).Div(two256, header.Difficulty)
 	if new(big.Int).SetBytes(result).Cmp(target) > 0 {
 		return errInvalidPoW
 	}
@@ -522,6 +573,29 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header
 	return types.NewBlock(header, txs, uncles, receipts), nil
 }
 
+// SealHash returns the hash of a block prior to it being sealed.
+func (ethash *Ethash) SealHash(header *types.Header) (hash common.Hash) {
+	hasher := sha3.NewKeccak256()
+
+	rlp.Encode(hasher, []interface{}{
+		header.ParentHash,
+		header.UncleHash,
+		header.Coinbase,
+		header.Root,
+		header.TxHash,
+		header.ReceiptHash,
+		header.Bloom,
+		header.Difficulty,
+		header.Number,
+		header.GasLimit,
+		header.GasUsed,
+		header.Time,
+		header.Extra,
+	})
+	hasher.Sum(hash[:0])
+	return hash
+}
+
 // Some weird constants to avoid constant memory allocs for them.
 var (
 	big8  = big.NewInt(8)
@@ -537,6 +611,9 @@ func accumulateRewards(config *params.ChainConfig, state *state.StateDB, header
 	if config.IsByzantium(header.Number) {
 		blockReward = ByzantiumBlockReward
 	}
+	if config.IsConstantinople(header.Number) {
+		blockReward = ConstantinopleBlockReward
+	}
 	// Accumulate the rewards for the miner and any included uncles
 	reward := new(big.Int).Set(blockReward)
 	r := new(big.Int)

consensus/ethash/ethash.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"strconv"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 	"unsafe"
 
@@ -45,11 +46,11 @@ import (
 var ErrInvalidDumpMagic = errors.New("invalid dump magic")
 
 var (
-	// maxUint256 is a big integer representing 2^256-1
+	// two256 is a big integer representing 2^256
-	maxUint256 = new(big.Int).Exp(big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(256), big.NewInt(0))
+	two256 = new(big.Int).Exp(big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(256), big.NewInt(0))
 
 	// sharedEthash is a full instance that can be shared between multiple users.
-	sharedEthash = New(Config{"", 3, 0, "", 1, 0, ModeNormal})
+	sharedEthash = New(Config{"", 3, 0, "", 1, 0, ModeNormal}, nil, false)
 
 	// algorithmRevision is the data structure version used for file naming.
 	algorithmRevision = 23
@@ -281,6 +282,7 @@ type dataset struct {
 	mmap    mmap.MMap // Memory map itself to unmap before releasing
 	dataset []uint32  // The actual cache data content
 	once    sync.Once // Ensures the cache is generated only once
+	done    uint32    // Atomic flag to determine generation status
 }
 
 // newDataset creates a new ethash mining dataset and returns it as a plain Go
@@ -292,6 +294,9 @@ func newDataset(epoch uint64) interface{} {
 // generate ensures that the dataset content is generated before use.
 func (d *dataset) generate(dir string, limit int, test bool) {
 	d.once.Do(func() {
+		// Mark the dataset generated after we're done. This is needed for remote
+		defer atomic.StoreUint32(&d.done, 1)
+
 		csize := cacheSize(d.epoch*epochLength + 1)
 		dsize := datasetSize(d.epoch*epochLength + 1)
 		seed := seedHash(d.epoch*epochLength + 1)
@@ -306,6 +311,8 @@ func (d *dataset) generate(dir string, limit int, test bool) {
 
 			d.dataset = make([]uint32, dsize/4)
 			generateDataset(d.dataset, d.epoch, cache)
+
+			return
 		}
 		// Disk storage is needed, this will get fancy
 		var endian string
@@ -348,6 +355,13 @@ func (d *dataset) generate(dir string, limit int, test bool) {
 	})
 }
 
+// generated returns whether this particular dataset finished generating already
+// or not (it may not have been started at all). This is useful for remote miners
+// to default to verification caches instead of blocking on DAG generations.
+func (d *dataset) generated() bool {
+	return atomic.LoadUint32(&d.done) == 1
+}
+
 // finalizer closes any file handlers and memory maps open.
 func (d *dataset) finalizer() {
 	if d.mmap != nil {
@@ -391,6 +405,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	PowMode        Mode
 }
 
+// sealTask wraps a seal block with relative result channel for remote sealer thread.
+type sealTask struct {
+	block   *types.Block
+	results chan<- *types.Block
+}
+
 // mineResult wraps the pow solution parameters for the specified block.
 type mineResult struct {
 	nonce     types.BlockNonce
@@ -430,12 +450,11 @@ type Ethash struct {
 	hashrate metrics.Meter // Meter tracking the average hashrate
 
 	// Remote sealer related fields
-	workCh       chan *types.Block // Notification channel to push new work to remote sealer
+	workCh       chan *sealTask   // Notification channel to push new work and relative result channel to remote sealer
-	resultCh     chan *types.Block // Channel used by mining threads to return result
+	fetchWorkCh  chan *sealWork   // Channel used for remote sealer to fetch mining work
-	fetchWorkCh  chan *sealWork    // Channel used for remote sealer to fetch mining work
+	submitWorkCh chan *mineResult // Channel used for remote sealer to submit their mining result
-	submitWorkCh chan *mineResult  // Channel used for remote sealer to submit their mining result
+	fetchRateCh  chan chan uint64 // Channel used to gather submitted hash rate for local or remote sealer.
-	fetchRateCh  chan chan uint64  // Channel used to gather submitted hash rate for local or remote sealer.
+	submitRateCh chan *hashrate   // Channel used for remote sealer to submit their mining hashrate
-	submitRateCh chan *hashrate    // Channel used for remote sealer to submit their mining hashrate
 
 	// The fields below are hooks for testing
 	shared    *Ethash       // Shared PoW verifier to avoid cache regeneration
@@ -447,8 +466,10 @@ type Ethash struct {
 	exitCh    chan chan error // Notification channel to exiting backend threads
 }
 
-// New creates a full sized ethash PoW scheme and starts a background thread for remote mining.
+// New creates a full sized ethash PoW scheme and starts a background thread for
-func New(config Config) *Ethash {
+// remote mining, also optionally notifying a batch of remote services of new work
+// packages.
+func New(config Config, notify []string, noverify bool) *Ethash {
 	if config.CachesInMem <= 0 {
 		log.Warn("One ethash cache must always be in memory", "requested", config.CachesInMem)
 		config.CachesInMem = 1
@@ -464,37 +485,35 @@ func New(config Config) *Ethash {
 		caches:       newlru("cache", config.CachesInMem, newCache),
 		datasets:     newlru("dataset", config.DatasetsInMem, newDataset),
 		update:       make(chan struct{}),
-		hashrate:     metrics.NewMeter(),
+		hashrate:     metrics.NewMeterForced(),
-		workCh:       make(chan *types.Block),
+		workCh:       make(chan *sealTask),
-		resultCh:     make(chan *types.Block),
 		fetchWorkCh:  make(chan *sealWork),
 		submitWorkCh: make(chan *mineResult),
 		fetchRateCh:  make(chan chan uint64),
 		submitRateCh: make(chan *hashrate),
 		exitCh:       make(chan chan error),
 	}
-	go ethash.remote()
+	go ethash.remote(notify, noverify)
 	return ethash
 }
 
 // NewTester creates a small sized ethash PoW scheme useful only for testing
 // purposes.
-func NewTester() *Ethash {
+func NewTester(notify []string, noverify bool) *Ethash {
 	ethash := &Ethash{
 		config:       Config{PowMode: ModeTest},
 		caches:       newlru("cache", 1, newCache),
 		datasets:     newlru("dataset", 1, newDataset),
 		update:       make(chan struct{}),
-		hashrate:     metrics.NewMeter(),
+		hashrate:     metrics.NewMeterForced(),
-		workCh:       make(chan *types.Block),
+		workCh:       make(chan *sealTask),
-		resultCh:     make(chan *types.Block),
 		fetchWorkCh:  make(chan *sealWork),
 		submitWorkCh: make(chan *mineResult),
 		fetchRateCh:  make(chan chan uint64),
 		submitRateCh: make(chan *hashrate),
 		exitCh:       make(chan chan error),
 	}
-	go ethash.remote()
+	go ethash.remote(notify, noverify)
 	return ethash
 }
 
@@ -587,20 +606,34 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) cache(block uint64) *cache {
 // dataset tries to retrieve a mining dataset for the specified block number
 // by first checking against a list of in-memory datasets, then against DAGs
 // stored on disk, and finally generating one if none can be found.
-func (ethash *Ethash) dataset(block uint64) *dataset {
+//
+// If async is specified, not only the future but the current DAG is also
+// generates on a background thread.
+func (ethash *Ethash) dataset(block uint64, async bool) *dataset {
+	// Retrieve the requested ethash dataset
 	epoch := block / epochLength
 	currentI, futureI := ethash.datasets.get(epoch)
 	current := currentI.(*dataset)
 
-	// Wait for generation finish.
+	// If async is specified, generate everything in a background thread
-	current.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
+	if async && !current.generated() {
+		go func() {
+			current.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
 
-	// If we need a new future dataset, now's a good time to regenerate it.
+			if futureI != nil {
-	if futureI != nil {
+				future := futureI.(*dataset)
-		future := futureI.(*dataset)
+				future.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
-		go future.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
+			}
+		}()
+	} else {
+		// Either blocking generation was requested, or already done
+		current.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
+
+		if futureI != nil {
+			future := futureI.(*dataset)
+			go future.generate(ethash.config.DatasetDir, ethash.config.DatasetsOnDisk, ethash.config.PowMode == ModeTest)
+		}
 	}
-
 	return current
 }
 

consensus/ethash/ethash_test.go

@@ -32,18 +32,25 @@ import (
 
 // Tests that ethash works correctly in test mode.
 func TestTestMode(t *testing.T) {
-	head := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
+	header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
 
-	ethash := NewTester()
+	ethash := NewTester(nil, false)
 	defer ethash.Close()
-	block, err := ethash.Seal(nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(head), nil)
+
+	results := make(chan *types.Block)
+	err := ethash.Seal(nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(header), results, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to seal block: %v", err)
 	}
-	head.Nonce = types.EncodeNonce(block.Nonce())
+	select {
-	head.MixDigest = block.MixDigest()
+	case block := <-results:
-	if err := ethash.VerifySeal(nil, head); err != nil {
+		header.Nonce = types.EncodeNonce(block.Nonce())
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected verification error: %v", err)
+		header.MixDigest = block.MixDigest()
+		if err := ethash.VerifySeal(nil, header); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected verification error: %v", err)
+		}
+	case <-time.NewTimer(time.Second).C:
+		t.Error("sealing result timeout")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -55,7 +62,7 @@ func TestCacheFileEvict(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpdir)
-	e := New(Config{CachesInMem: 3, CachesOnDisk: 10, CacheDir: tmpdir, PowMode: ModeTest})
+	e := New(Config{CachesInMem: 3, CachesOnDisk: 10, CacheDir: tmpdir, PowMode: ModeTest}, nil, false)
 	defer e.Close()
 
 	workers := 8
@@ -78,71 +85,63 @@ func verifyTest(wg *sync.WaitGroup, e *Ethash, workerIndex, epochs int) {
 		if block < 0 {
 			block = 0
 		}
-		head := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(block), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
+		header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(block), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
-		e.VerifySeal(nil, head)
+		e.VerifySeal(nil, header)
 	}
 }
 
 func TestRemoteSealer(t *testing.T) {
-	ethash := NewTester()
+	ethash := NewTester(nil, false)
 	defer ethash.Close()
+
 	api := &API{ethash}
 	if _, err := api.GetWork(); err != errNoMiningWork {
 		t.Error("expect to return an error indicate there is no mining work")
 	}
-
+	header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
-	head := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
+	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
-	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(head)
+	sealhash := ethash.SealHash(header)
 
 	// Push new work.
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil)
+	results := make(chan *types.Block)
+	ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
 
 	var (
 		work [3]string
 		err  error
 	)
-	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != block.HashNoNonce().Hex() {
+	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != sealhash.Hex() {
 		t.Error("expect to return a mining work has same hash")
 	}
 
-	if res := api.SubmitWork(types.BlockNonce{}, block.HashNoNonce(), common.Hash{}); res {
+	if res := api.SubmitWork(types.BlockNonce{}, sealhash, common.Hash{}); res {
 		t.Error("expect to return false when submit a fake solution")
 	}
-
 	// Push new block with same block number to replace the original one.
-	head = &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(1000)}
+	header = &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(1000)}
-	block = types.NewBlockWithHeader(head)
+	block = types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
-	ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil)
+	sealhash = ethash.SealHash(header)
+	ethash.Seal(nil, block, results, nil)
 
-	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != block.HashNoNonce().Hex() {
+	if work, err = api.GetWork(); err != nil || work[0] != sealhash.Hex() {
 		t.Error("expect to return the latest pushed work")
 	}
-
-	// Push block with higher block number.
-	newHead := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(2), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
-	newBlock := types.NewBlockWithHeader(newHead)
-	ethash.Seal(nil, newBlock, nil)
-
-	if res := api.SubmitWork(types.BlockNonce{}, block.HashNoNonce(), common.Hash{}); res {
-		t.Error("expect to return false when submit a stale solution")
-	}
 }
 
 func TestHashRate(t *testing.T) {
 	var (
-		ethash   = NewTester()
-		api      = &API{ethash}
 		hashrate = []hexutil.Uint64{100, 200, 300}
 		expect   uint64
 		ids      = []common.Hash{common.HexToHash("a"), common.HexToHash("b"), common.HexToHash("c")}
 	)
-
+	ethash := NewTester(nil, false)
 	defer ethash.Close()
 
 	if tot := ethash.Hashrate(); tot != 0 {
 		t.Error("expect the result should be zero")
 	}
 
+	api := &API{ethash}
 	for i := 0; i < len(hashrate); i += 1 {
 		if res := api.SubmitHashRate(hashrate[i], ids[i]); !res {
 			t.Error("remote miner submit hashrate failed")
@@ -155,9 +154,8 @@ func TestHashRate(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestClosedRemoteSealer(t *testing.T) {
-	ethash := NewTester()
+	ethash := NewTester(nil, false)
-	// Make sure exit channel has been listened
+	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second) // ensure exit channel is listening
-	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 	ethash.Close()
 
 	api := &API{ethash}

consensus/ethash/sealer.go

@@ -17,11 +17,14 @@
 package ethash
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	crand "crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"math"
 	"math/big"
 	"math/rand"
+	"net/http"
 	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -32,6 +35,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 )
 
+const (
+	// staleThreshold is the maximum depth of the acceptable stale but valid ethash solution.
+	staleThreshold = 7
+)
+
 var (
 	errNoMiningWork      = errors.New("no mining work available yet")
 	errInvalidSealResult = errors.New("invalid or stale proof-of-work solution")
@@ -39,16 +47,21 @@ var (
 
 // Seal implements consensus.Engine, attempting to find a nonce that satisfies
 // the block's difficulty requirements.
-func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, results chan<- *types.Block, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
 	// If we're running a fake PoW, simply return a 0 nonce immediately
 	if ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFake || ethash.config.PowMode == ModeFullFake {
 		header := block.Header()
 		header.Nonce, header.MixDigest = types.BlockNonce{}, common.Hash{}
-		return block.WithSeal(header), nil
+		select {
+		case results <- block.WithSeal(header):
+		default:
+			log.Warn("Sealing result is not read by miner", "mode", "fake", "sealhash", ethash.SealHash(block.Header()))
+		}
+		return nil
 	}
 	// If we're running a shared PoW, delegate sealing to it
 	if ethash.shared != nil {
-		return ethash.shared.Seal(chain, block, stop)
+		return ethash.shared.Seal(chain, block, results, stop)
 	}
 	// Create a runner and the multiple search threads it directs
 	abort := make(chan struct{})
@@ -59,7 +72,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop
 		seed, err := crand.Int(crand.Reader, big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64))
 		if err != nil {
 			ethash.lock.Unlock()
-			return nil, err
+			return err
 		}
 		ethash.rand = rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed.Int64()))
 	}
@@ -72,34 +85,45 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Seal(chain consensus.ChainReader, block *types.Block, stop
 	}
 	// Push new work to remote sealer
 	if ethash.workCh != nil {
-		ethash.workCh <- block
+		ethash.workCh <- &sealTask{block: block, results: results}
 	}
-	var pend sync.WaitGroup
+	var (
+		pend   sync.WaitGroup
+		locals = make(chan *types.Block)
+	)
 	for i := 0; i < threads; i++ {
 		pend.Add(1)
 		go func(id int, nonce uint64) {
 			defer pend.Done()
-			ethash.mine(block, id, nonce, abort, ethash.resultCh)
+			ethash.mine(block, id, nonce, abort, locals)
 		}(i, uint64(ethash.rand.Int63()))
 	}
 	// Wait until sealing is terminated or a nonce is found
-	var result *types.Block
+	go func() {
-	select {
+		var result *types.Block
-	case <-stop:
+		select {
-		// Outside abort, stop all miner threads
+		case <-stop:
-		close(abort)
+			// Outside abort, stop all miner threads
-	case result = <-ethash.resultCh:
+			close(abort)
-		// One of the threads found a block, abort all others
+		case result = <-locals:
-		close(abort)
+			// One of the threads found a block, abort all others
-	case <-ethash.update:
+			select {
-		// Thread count was changed on user request, restart
+			case results <- result:
-		close(abort)
+			default:
+				log.Warn("Sealing result is not read by miner", "mode", "local", "sealhash", ethash.SealHash(block.Header()))
+			}
+			close(abort)
+		case <-ethash.update:
+			// Thread count was changed on user request, restart
+			close(abort)
+			if err := ethash.Seal(chain, block, results, stop); err != nil {
+				log.Error("Failed to restart sealing after update", "err", err)
+			}
+		}
+		// Wait for all miners to terminate and return the block
 		pend.Wait()
-		return ethash.Seal(chain, block, stop)
+	}()
-	}
+	return nil
-	// Wait for all miners to terminate and return the block
-	pend.Wait()
-	return result, nil
 }
 
 // mine is the actual proof-of-work miner that searches for a nonce starting from
@@ -108,10 +132,10 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) mine(block *types.Block, id int, seed uint64, abort chan s
 	// Extract some data from the header
 	var (
 		header  = block.Header()
-		hash    = header.HashNoNonce().Bytes()
+		hash    = ethash.SealHash(header).Bytes()
-		target  = new(big.Int).Div(maxUint256, header.Difficulty)
+		target  = new(big.Int).Div(two256, header.Difficulty)
 		number  = header.Number.Uint64()
-		dataset = ethash.dataset(number)
+		dataset = ethash.dataset(number, false)
 	)
 	// Start generating random nonces until we abort or find a good one
 	var (
@@ -161,75 +185,116 @@ search:
 	runtime.KeepAlive(dataset)
 }
 
-// remote starts a standalone goroutine to handle remote mining related stuff.
+// remote is a standalone goroutine to handle remote mining related stuff.
-func (ethash *Ethash) remote() {
+func (ethash *Ethash) remote(notify []string, noverify bool) {
 	var (
-		works       = make(map[common.Hash]*types.Block)
+		works = make(map[common.Hash]*types.Block)
-		rates       = make(map[common.Hash]hashrate)
+		rates = make(map[common.Hash]hashrate)
-		currentWork *types.Block
-	)
 
-	// getWork returns a work package for external miner.
+		results      chan<- *types.Block
+		currentBlock *types.Block
+		currentWork  [3]string
+
+		notifyTransport = &http.Transport{}
+		notifyClient    = &http.Client{
+			Transport: notifyTransport,
+			Timeout:   time.Second,
+		}
+		notifyReqs = make([]*http.Request, len(notify))
+	)
+	// notifyWork notifies all the specified mining endpoints of the availability of
+	// new work to be processed.
+	notifyWork := func() {
+		work := currentWork
+		blob, _ := json.Marshal(work)
+
+		for i, url := range notify {
+			// Terminate any previously pending request and create the new work
+			if notifyReqs[i] != nil {
+				notifyTransport.CancelRequest(notifyReqs[i])
+			}
+			notifyReqs[i], _ = http.NewRequest("POST", url, bytes.NewReader(blob))
+			notifyReqs[i].Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+			// Push the new work concurrently to all the remote nodes
+			go func(req *http.Request, url string) {
+				res, err := notifyClient.Do(req)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Warn("Failed to notify remote miner", "err", err)
+				} else {
+					log.Trace("Notified remote miner", "miner", url, "hash", log.Lazy{Fn: func() common.Hash { return common.HexToHash(work[0]) }}, "target", work[2])
+					res.Body.Close()
+				}
+			}(notifyReqs[i], url)
+		}
+	}
+	// makeWork creates a work package for external miner.
 	//
 	// The work package consists of 3 strings:
 	//   result[0], 32 bytes hex encoded current block header pow-hash
 	//   result[1], 32 bytes hex encoded seed hash used for DAG
 	//   result[2], 32 bytes hex encoded boundary condition ("target"), 2^256/difficulty
-	getWork := func() ([3]string, error) {
+	makeWork := func(block *types.Block) {
-		var res [3]string
+		hash := ethash.SealHash(block.Header())
-		if currentWork == nil {
-			return res, errNoMiningWork
-		}
-		res[0] = currentWork.HashNoNonce().Hex()
-		res[1] = common.BytesToHash(SeedHash(currentWork.NumberU64())).Hex()
 
-		// Calculate the "target" to be returned to the external sealer.
+		currentWork[0] = hash.Hex()
-		n := big.NewInt(1)
+		currentWork[1] = common.BytesToHash(SeedHash(block.NumberU64())).Hex()
-		n.Lsh(n, 255)
+		currentWork[2] = common.BytesToHash(new(big.Int).Div(two256, block.Difficulty()).Bytes()).Hex()
-		n.Div(n, currentWork.Difficulty())
-		n.Lsh(n, 1)
-		res[2] = common.BytesToHash(n.Bytes()).Hex()
 
 		// Trace the seal work fetched by remote sealer.
-		works[currentWork.HashNoNonce()] = currentWork
+		currentBlock = block
-		return res, nil
+		works[hash] = block
 	}
-
 	// submitWork verifies the submitted pow solution, returning
 	// whether the solution was accepted or not (not can be both a bad pow as well as
 	// any other error, like no pending work or stale mining result).
-	submitWork := func(nonce types.BlockNonce, mixDigest common.Hash, hash common.Hash) bool {
+	submitWork := func(nonce types.BlockNonce, mixDigest common.Hash, sealhash common.Hash) bool {
-		// Make sure the work submitted is present
+		if currentBlock == nil {
-		block := works[hash]
+			log.Error("Pending work without block", "sealhash", sealhash)
-		if block == nil {
+			return false
-			log.Info("Work submitted but none pending", "hash", hash)
+		}
+		// Make sure the work submitted is present
+		block := works[sealhash]
+		if block == nil {
+			log.Warn("Work submitted but none pending", "sealhash", sealhash, "curnumber", currentBlock.NumberU64())
 			return false
 		}
-
 		// Verify the correctness of submitted result.
 		header := block.Header()
 		header.Nonce = nonce
 		header.MixDigest = mixDigest
-		if err := ethash.VerifySeal(nil, header); err != nil {
-			log.Warn("Invalid proof-of-work submitted", "hash", hash, "err", err)
-			return false
-		}
 
-		// Make sure the result channel is created.
+		start := time.Now()
-		if ethash.resultCh == nil {
+		if !noverify {
+			if err := ethash.verifySeal(nil, header, true); err != nil {
+				log.Warn("Invalid proof-of-work submitted", "sealhash", sealhash, "elapsed", time.Since(start), "err", err)
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+		// Make sure the result channel is assigned.
+		if results == nil {
 			log.Warn("Ethash result channel is empty, submitted mining result is rejected")
 			return false
 		}
+		log.Trace("Verified correct proof-of-work", "sealhash", sealhash, "elapsed", time.Since(start))
 
 		// Solutions seems to be valid, return to the miner and notify acceptance.
-		select {
+		solution := block.WithSeal(header)
-		case ethash.resultCh <- block.WithSeal(header):
+
-			delete(works, hash)
+		// The submitted solution is within the scope of acceptance.
-			return true
+		if solution.NumberU64()+staleThreshold > currentBlock.NumberU64() {
-		default:
+			select {
-			log.Info("Work submitted is stale", "hash", hash)
+			case results <- solution:
-			return false
+				log.Debug("Work submitted is acceptable", "number", solution.NumberU64(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", solution.Hash())
+				return true
+			default:
+				log.Warn("Sealing result is not read by miner", "mode", "remote", "sealhash", sealhash)
+				return false
+			}
 		}
+		// The submitted block is too old to accept, drop it.
+		log.Warn("Work submitted is too old", "number", solution.NumberU64(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", solution.Hash())
+		return false
 	}
 
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
@@ -237,22 +302,22 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) remote() {
 
 	for {
 		select {
-		case block := <-ethash.workCh:
+		case work := <-ethash.workCh:
-			if currentWork != nil && block.ParentHash() != currentWork.ParentHash() {
-				// Start new round mining, throw out all previous work.
-				works = make(map[common.Hash]*types.Block)
-			}
 			// Update current work with new received block.
 			// Note same work can be past twice, happens when changing CPU threads.
-			currentWork = block
+			results = work.results
+
+			makeWork(work.block)
+
+			// Notify and requested URLs of the new work availability
+			notifyWork()
 
 		case work := <-ethash.fetchWorkCh:
 			// Return current mining work to remote miner.
-			miningWork, err := getWork()
+			if currentBlock == nil {
-			if err != nil {
+				work.errc <- errNoMiningWork
-				work.errc <- err
 			} else {
-				work.res <- miningWork
+				work.res <- currentWork
 			}
 
 		case result := <-ethash.submitWorkCh:
@@ -284,6 +349,14 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) remote() {
 					delete(rates, id)
 				}
 			}
+			// Clear stale pending blocks
+			if currentBlock != nil {
+				for hash, block := range works {
+					if block.NumberU64()+staleThreshold <= currentBlock.NumberU64() {
+						delete(works, hash)
+					}
+				}
+			}
 
 		case errc := <-ethash.exitCh:
 			// Exit remote loop if ethash is closed and return relevant error.

consensus/ethash/sealer_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+package ethash
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"math/big"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+)
+
+// Tests whether remote HTTP servers are correctly notified of new work.
+func TestRemoteNotify(t *testing.T) {
+	// Start a simple webserver to capture notifications
+	sink := make(chan [3]string)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		Handler: http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+			blob, err := ioutil.ReadAll(req.Body)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to read miner notification: %v", err)
+			}
+			var work [3]string
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(blob, &work); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal miner notification: %v", err)
+			}
+			sink <- work
+		}),
+	}
+	// Open a custom listener to extract its local address
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to open notification server: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer listener.Close()
+
+	go server.Serve(listener)
+
+	// Wait for server to start listening
+	var tries int
+	for tries = 0; tries < 10; tries++ {
+		conn, _ := net.DialTimeout("tcp", listener.Addr().String(), 1*time.Second)
+		if conn != nil {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if tries == 10 {
+		t.Fatal("tcp listener not ready for more than 10 seconds")
+	}
+
+	// Create the custom ethash engine
+	ethash := NewTester([]string{"http://" + listener.Addr().String()}, false)
+	defer ethash.Close()
+
+	// Stream a work task and ensure the notification bubbles out
+	header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
+	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
+
+	ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil, nil)
+	select {
+	case work := <-sink:
+		if want := ethash.SealHash(header).Hex(); work[0] != want {
+			t.Errorf("work packet hash mismatch: have %s, want %s", work[0], want)
+		}
+		if want := common.BytesToHash(SeedHash(header.Number.Uint64())).Hex(); work[1] != want {
+			t.Errorf("work packet seed mismatch: have %s, want %s", work[1], want)
+		}
+		target := new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256), header.Difficulty)
+		if want := common.BytesToHash(target.Bytes()).Hex(); work[2] != want {
+			t.Errorf("work packet target mismatch: have %s, want %s", work[2], want)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(3 * time.Second):
+		t.Fatalf("notification timed out")
+	}
+}
+
+// Tests that pushing work packages fast to the miner doesn't cause any data race
+// issues in the notifications.
+func TestRemoteMultiNotify(t *testing.T) {
+	// Start a simple webserver to capture notifications
+	sink := make(chan [3]string, 64)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		Handler: http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+			blob, err := ioutil.ReadAll(req.Body)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to read miner notification: %v", err)
+			}
+			var work [3]string
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(blob, &work); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal miner notification: %v", err)
+			}
+			sink <- work
+		}),
+	}
+	// Open a custom listener to extract its local address
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to open notification server: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer listener.Close()
+
+	go server.Serve(listener)
+
+	// Create the custom ethash engine
+	ethash := NewTester([]string{"http://" + listener.Addr().String()}, false)
+	defer ethash.Close()
+
+	// Stream a lot of work task and ensure all the notifications bubble out
+	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
+		header := &types.Header{Number: big.NewInt(int64(i)), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100)}
+		block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(header)
+
+		ethash.Seal(nil, block, nil, nil)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < cap(sink); i++ {
+		select {
+		case <-sink:
+		case <-time.After(3 * time.Second):
+			t.Fatalf("notification %d timed out", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Tests whether stale solutions are correctly processed.
+func TestStaleSubmission(t *testing.T) {
+	ethash := NewTester(nil, true)
+	defer ethash.Close()
+	api := &API{ethash}
+
+	fakeNonce, fakeDigest := types.BlockNonce{0x01, 0x02, 0x03}, common.HexToHash("deadbeef")
+
+	testcases := []struct {
+		headers     []*types.Header
+		submitIndex int
+		submitRes   bool
+	}{
+		// Case1: submit solution for the latest mining package
+		{
+			[]*types.Header{
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xa}), Number: big.NewInt(1), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+			},
+			0,
+			true,
+		},
+		// Case2: submit solution for the previous package but have same parent.
+		{
+			[]*types.Header{
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xb}), Number: big.NewInt(2), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xb}), Number: big.NewInt(2), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000001)},
+			},
+			0,
+			true,
+		},
+		// Case3: submit stale but acceptable solution
+		{
+			[]*types.Header{
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xc}), Number: big.NewInt(3), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xd}), Number: big.NewInt(9), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+			},
+			0,
+			true,
+		},
+		// Case4: submit very old solution
+		{
+			[]*types.Header{
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xe}), Number: big.NewInt(10), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+				{ParentHash: common.BytesToHash([]byte{0xf}), Number: big.NewInt(17), Difficulty: big.NewInt(100000000)},
+			},
+			0,
+			false,
+		},
+	}
+	results := make(chan *types.Block, 16)
+
+	for id, c := range testcases {
+		for _, h := range c.headers {
+			ethash.Seal(nil, types.NewBlockWithHeader(h), results, nil)
+		}
+		if res := api.SubmitWork(fakeNonce, ethash.SealHash(c.headers[c.submitIndex]), fakeDigest); res != c.submitRes {
+			t.Errorf("case %d submit result mismatch, want %t, get %t", id+1, c.submitRes, res)
+		}
+		if !c.submitRes {
+			continue
+		}
+		select {
+		case res := <-results:
+			if res.Header().Nonce != fakeNonce {
+				t.Errorf("case %d block nonce mismatch, want %s, get %s", id+1, fakeNonce, res.Header().Nonce)
+			}
+			if res.Header().MixDigest != fakeDigest {
+				t.Errorf("case %d block digest mismatch, want %s, get %s", id+1, fakeDigest, res.Header().MixDigest)
+			}
+			if res.Header().Difficulty.Uint64() != c.headers[c.submitIndex].Difficulty.Uint64() {
+				t.Errorf("case %d block difficulty mismatch, want %d, get %d", id+1, c.headers[c.submitIndex].Difficulty, res.Header().Difficulty)
+			}
+			if res.Header().Number.Uint64() != c.headers[c.submitIndex].Number.Uint64() {
+				t.Errorf("case %d block number mismatch, want %d, get %d", id+1, c.headers[c.submitIndex].Number.Uint64(), res.Header().Number.Uint64())
+			}
+			if res.Header().ParentHash != c.headers[c.submitIndex].ParentHash {
+				t.Errorf("case %d block parent hash mismatch, want %s, get %s", id+1, c.headers[c.submitIndex].ParentHash.Hex(), res.Header().ParentHash.Hex())
+			}
+		case <-time.NewTimer(time.Second).C:
+			t.Errorf("case %d fetch ethash result timeout", id+1)
+		}
+	}
+}

console/console.go

@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ func (c *Console) Interactive() {
 		input     = ""                // Current user input
 		scheduler = make(chan string) // Channel to send the next prompt on and receive the input
 	)
-	// Start a goroutine to listen for promt requests and send back inputs
+	// Start a goroutine to listen for prompt requests and send back inputs
 	go func() {
 		for {
 			// Read the next user input

console/console_test.go

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func TestInteractive(t *testing.T) {
 
 	go tester.console.Interactive()
 
-	// Wait for a promt and send a statement back
+	// Wait for a prompt and send a statement back
 	select {
 	case <-tester.input.scheduler:
 	case <-time.After(time.Second):
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func TestInteractive(t *testing.T) {
 	case <-time.After(time.Second):
 		t.Fatalf("input feedback timeout")
 	}
-	// Wait for the second promt and ensure first statement was evaluated
+	// Wait for the second prompt and ensure first statement was evaluated
 	select {
 	case <-tester.input.scheduler:
 	case <-time.After(time.Second):
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ func TestExecute(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // Tests that the JavaScript objects returned by statement executions are properly
-// pretty printed instead of just displaing "[object]".
+// pretty printed instead of just displaying "[object]".
 func TestPrettyPrint(t *testing.T) {
 	tester := newTester(t, nil)
 	defer tester.Close(t)
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ func TestIndenting(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{`var a = 1;`, 0},
 		{`"some string"`, 0},
-		{`"some string with (parentesis`, 0},
+		{`"some string with (parenthesis`, 0},
 		{`"some string with newline
 		("`, 0},
 		{`function v(a,b) {}`, 0},

console/prompter.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 // Only this reader may be used for input because it keeps an internal buffer.
 var Stdin = newTerminalPrompter()
 
-// UserPrompter defines the methods needed by the console to promt the user for
+// UserPrompter defines the methods needed by the console to prompt the user for
 // various types of inputs.
 type UserPrompter interface {
 	// PromptInput displays the given prompt to the user and requests some textual
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ type UserPrompter interface {
 	// choice to be made, returning that choice.
 	PromptConfirm(prompt string) (bool, error)
 
-	// SetHistory sets the the input scrollback history that the prompter will allow
+	// SetHistory sets the input scrollback history that the prompter will allow
 	// the user to scroll back to.
 	SetHistory(history []string)
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func (p *terminalPrompter) PromptConfirm(prompt string) (bool, error) {
 	return false, err
 }
 
-// SetHistory sets the the input scrollback history that the prompter will allow
+// SetHistory sets the input scrollback history that the prompter will allow
 // the user to scroll back to.
 func (p *terminalPrompter) SetHistory(history []string) {
 	p.State.ReadHistory(strings.NewReader(strings.Join(history, "\n")))

contracts/chequebook/cheque_test.go

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func newTestBackend() *backends.SimulatedBackend {
 		addr0: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000)},
 		addr1: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000)},
 		addr2: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000)},
-	})
+	}, 10000000)
 }
 
 func deploy(prvKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, amount *big.Int, backend *backends.SimulatedBackend) (common.Address, error) {

contracts/chequebook/gencode.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func main() {
-	backend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(testAlloc)
+	backend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(testAlloc, uint64(100000000))
 	auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(testKey)
 
 	// Deploy the contract, get the code.

contracts/ens/ens_test.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func TestENS(t *testing.T) {
-	contractBackend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000)}})
+	contractBackend := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAlloc{addr: {Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000)}}, 10000000)
 	transactOpts := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
 
 	ensAddr, ens, err := DeployENS(transactOpts, contractBackend)

core/bench_test.go

@@ -111,7 +111,8 @@ func init() {
 func genTxRing(naccounts int) func(int, *BlockGen) {
 	from := 0
 	return func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {
-		gas := CalcGasLimit(gen.PrevBlock(i - 1))
+		block := gen.PrevBlock(i - 1)
+		gas := CalcGasLimit(block, block.GasLimit(), block.GasLimit())
 		for {
 			gas -= params.TxGas
 			if gas < params.TxGas {

core/block_validator.go

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func NewBlockValidator(config *params.ChainConfig, blockchain *BlockChain, engin
 	return validator
 }
 
-// ValidateBody validates the given block's uncles and verifies the the block
+// ValidateBody validates the given block's uncles and verifies the block
 // header's transaction and uncle roots. The headers are assumed to be already
 // validated at this point.
 func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error {
@@ -101,9 +101,11 @@ func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateState(block, parent *types.Block, statedb *stat
 	return nil
 }
 
-// CalcGasLimit computes the gas limit of the next block after parent.
+// CalcGasLimit computes the gas limit of the next block after parent. It aims
-// This is miner strategy, not consensus protocol.
+// to keep the baseline gas above the provided floor, and increase it towards the
-func CalcGasLimit(parent *types.Block) uint64 {
+// ceil if the blocks are full. If the ceil is exceeded, it will always decrease
+// the gas allowance.
+func CalcGasLimit(parent *types.Block, gasFloor, gasCeil uint64) uint64 {
 	// contrib = (parentGasUsed * 3 / 2) / 1024
 	contrib := (parent.GasUsed() + parent.GasUsed()/2) / params.GasLimitBoundDivisor
 
@@ -121,12 +123,16 @@ func CalcGasLimit(parent *types.Block) uint64 {
 	if limit < params.MinGasLimit {
 		limit = params.MinGasLimit
 	}
-	// however, if we're now below the target (TargetGasLimit) we increase the
+	// If we're outside our allowed gas range, we try to hone towards them
-	// limit as much as we can (parentGasLimit / 1024 -1)
+	if limit < gasFloor {
-	if limit < params.TargetGasLimit {
 		limit = parent.GasLimit() + decay
-		if limit > params.TargetGasLimit {
+		if limit > gasFloor {
-			limit = params.TargetGasLimit
+			limit = gasFloor
+		}
+	} else if limit > gasCeil {
+		limit = parent.GasLimit() - decay
+		if limit < gasCeil {
+			limit = gasCeil
 		}
 	}
 	return limit

core/blockchain.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/mclock"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/prque"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
-	"gopkg.in/karalabe/cookiejar.v2/collections/prque"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, chainConfig *par
 		chainConfig:  chainConfig,
 		cacheConfig:  cacheConfig,
 		db:           db,
-		triegc:       prque.New(),
+		triegc:       prque.New(nil),
 		stateCache:   state.NewDatabase(db),
 		quit:         make(chan struct{}),
 		bodyCache:    bodyCache,
@@ -899,9 +899,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.
 	if err := bc.hc.WriteTd(block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), externTd); err != nil {
 		return NonStatTy, err
 	}
-	// Write other block data using a batch.
+	rawdb.WriteBlock(bc.db, block)
-	batch := bc.db.NewBatch()
-	rawdb.WriteBlock(batch, block)
 
 	root, err := state.Commit(bc.chainConfig.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -917,7 +915,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.
 	} else {
 		// Full but not archive node, do proper garbage collection
 		triedb.Reference(root, common.Hash{}) // metadata reference to keep trie alive
-		bc.triegc.Push(root, -float32(block.NumberU64()))
+		bc.triegc.Push(root, -int64(block.NumberU64()))
 
 		if current := block.NumberU64(); current > triesInMemory {
 			// If we exceeded our memory allowance, flush matured singleton nodes to disk
@@ -955,6 +953,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) WriteBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Write other block data using a batch.
+	batch := bc.db.NewBatch()
 	rawdb.WriteReceipts(batch, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), receipts)
 
 	// If the total difficulty is higher than our known, add it to the canonical chain

core/chain_indexer.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package core
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"sync"
@@ -37,11 +38,11 @@ import (
 type ChainIndexerBackend interface {
 	// Reset initiates the processing of a new chain segment, potentially terminating
 	// any partially completed operations (in case of a reorg).
-	Reset(section uint64, prevHead common.Hash) error
+	Reset(ctx context.Context, section uint64, prevHead common.Hash) error
 
 	// Process crunches through the next header in the chain segment. The caller
 	// will ensure a sequential order of headers.
-	Process(header *types.Header)
+	Process(ctx context.Context, header *types.Header) error
 
 	// Commit finalizes the section metadata and stores it into the database.
 	Commit() error
@@ -71,9 +72,11 @@ type ChainIndexer struct {
 	backend  ChainIndexerBackend // Background processor generating the index data content
 	children []*ChainIndexer     // Child indexers to cascade chain updates to
 
-	active uint32          // Flag whether the event loop was started
+	active    uint32          // Flag whether the event loop was started
-	update chan struct{}   // Notification channel that headers should be processed
+	update    chan struct{}   // Notification channel that headers should be processed
-	quit   chan chan error // Quit channel to tear down running goroutines
+	quit      chan chan error // Quit channel to tear down running goroutines
+	ctx       context.Context
+	ctxCancel func()
 
 	sectionSize uint64 // Number of blocks in a single chain segment to process
 	confirmsReq uint64 // Number of confirmations before processing a completed segment
@@ -82,6 +85,9 @@ type ChainIndexer struct {
 	knownSections  uint64 // Number of sections known to be complete (block wise)
 	cascadedHead   uint64 // Block number of the last completed section cascaded to subindexers
 
+	checkpointSections uint64      // Number of sections covered by the checkpoint
+	checkpointHead     common.Hash // Section head belonging to the checkpoint
+
 	throttling time.Duration // Disk throttling to prevent a heavy upgrade from hogging resources
 
 	log  log.Logger
@@ -105,17 +111,26 @@ func NewChainIndexer(chainDb, indexDb ethdb.Database, backend ChainIndexerBacken
 	}
 	// Initialize database dependent fields and start the updater
 	c.loadValidSections()
+	c.ctx, c.ctxCancel = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
 	go c.updateLoop()
 
 	return c
 }
 
-// AddKnownSectionHead marks a new section head as known/processed if it is newer
+// AddCheckpoint adds a checkpoint. Sections are never processed and the chain
-// than the already known best section head
+// is not expected to be available before this point. The indexer assumes that
-func (c *ChainIndexer) AddKnownSectionHead(section uint64, shead common.Hash) {
+// the backend has sufficient information available to process subsequent sections.
+//
+// Note: knownSections == 0 and storedSections == checkpointSections until
+// syncing reaches the checkpoint
+func (c *ChainIndexer) AddCheckpoint(section uint64, shead common.Hash) {
 	c.lock.Lock()
 	defer c.lock.Unlock()
 
+	c.checkpointSections = section + 1
+	c.checkpointHead = shead
+
 	if section < c.storedSections {
 		return
 	}
@@ -138,6 +153,8 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) Start(chain ChainIndexerChain) {
 func (c *ChainIndexer) Close() error {
 	var errs []error
 
+	c.ctxCancel()
+
 	// Tear down the primary update loop
 	errc := make(chan error)
 	c.quit <- errc
@@ -226,16 +243,23 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) newHead(head uint64, reorg bool) {
 	// If a reorg happened, invalidate all sections until that point
 	if reorg {
 		// Revert the known section number to the reorg point
-		changed := head / c.sectionSize
+		known := head / c.sectionSize
-		if changed < c.knownSections {
+		stored := known
-			c.knownSections = changed
+		if known < c.checkpointSections {
+			known = 0
+		}
+		if stored < c.checkpointSections {
+			stored = c.checkpointSections
+		}
+		if known < c.knownSections {
+			c.knownSections = known
 		}
 		// Revert the stored sections from the database to the reorg point
-		if changed < c.storedSections {
+		if stored < c.storedSections {
-			c.setValidSections(changed)
+			c.setValidSections(stored)
 		}
 		// Update the new head number to the finalized section end and notify children
-		head = changed * c.sectionSize
+		head = known * c.sectionSize
 
 		if head < c.cascadedHead {
 			c.cascadedHead = head
@@ -249,7 +273,18 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) newHead(head uint64, reorg bool) {
 	var sections uint64
 	if head >= c.confirmsReq {
 		sections = (head + 1 - c.confirmsReq) / c.sectionSize
+		if sections < c.checkpointSections {
+			sections = 0
+		}
 		if sections > c.knownSections {
+			if c.knownSections < c.checkpointSections {
+				// syncing reached the checkpoint, verify section head
+				syncedHead := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(c.chainDb, c.checkpointSections*c.sectionSize-1)
+				if syncedHead != c.checkpointHead {
+					c.log.Error("Synced chain does not match checkpoint", "number", c.checkpointSections*c.sectionSize-1, "expected", c.checkpointHead, "synced", syncedHead)
+					return
+				}
+			}
 			c.knownSections = sections
 
 			select {
@@ -297,6 +332,12 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) updateLoop() {
 				c.lock.Unlock()
 				newHead, err := c.processSection(section, oldHead)
 				if err != nil {
+					select {
+					case <-c.ctx.Done():
+						<-c.quit <- nil
+						return
+					default:
+					}
 					c.log.Error("Section processing failed", "error", err)
 				}
 				c.lock.Lock()
@@ -309,7 +350,6 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) updateLoop() {
 						updating = false
 						c.log.Info("Finished upgrading chain index")
 					}
-
 					c.cascadedHead = c.storedSections*c.sectionSize - 1
 					for _, child := range c.children {
 						c.log.Trace("Cascading chain index update", "head", c.cascadedHead)
@@ -344,7 +384,7 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) processSection(section uint64, lastHead common.Hash) (com
 
 	// Reset and partial processing
 
-	if err := c.backend.Reset(section, lastHead); err != nil {
+	if err := c.backend.Reset(c.ctx, section, lastHead); err != nil {
 		c.setValidSections(0)
 		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
@@ -360,11 +400,12 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) processSection(section uint64, lastHead common.Hash) (com
 		} else if header.ParentHash != lastHead {
 			return common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("chain reorged during section processing")
 		}
-		c.backend.Process(header)
+		if err := c.backend.Process(c.ctx, header); err != nil {
+			return common.Hash{}, err
+		}
 		lastHead = header.Hash()
 	}
 	if err := c.backend.Commit(); err != nil {
-		c.log.Error("Section commit failed", "error", err)
 		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
 	return lastHead, nil
@@ -388,8 +429,14 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) AddChildIndexer(indexer *ChainIndexer) {
 	c.children = append(c.children, indexer)
 
 	// Cascade any pending updates to new children too
-	if c.storedSections > 0 {
+	sections := c.storedSections
-		indexer.newHead(c.storedSections*c.sectionSize-1, false)
+	if c.knownSections < sections {
+		// if a section is "stored" but not "known" then it is a checkpoint without
+		// available chain data so we should not cascade it yet
+		sections = c.knownSections
+	}
+	if sections > 0 {
+		indexer.newHead(sections*c.sectionSize-1, false)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -398,7 +445,7 @@ func (c *ChainIndexer) AddChildIndexer(indexer *ChainIndexer) {
 func (c *ChainIndexer) loadValidSections() {
 	data, _ := c.indexDb.Get([]byte("count"))
 	if len(data) == 8 {
-		c.storedSections = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[:])
+		c.storedSections = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data)
 	}
 }
 

core/chain_indexer_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package core
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"math/rand"
@@ -210,13 +211,13 @@ func (b *testChainIndexBackend) reorg(headNum uint64) uint64 {
 	return b.stored * b.indexer.sectionSize
 }
 
-func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Reset(section uint64, prevHead common.Hash) error {
+func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Reset(ctx context.Context, section uint64, prevHead common.Hash) error {
 	b.section = section
 	b.headerCnt = 0
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Process(header *types.Header) {
+func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Process(ctx context.Context, header *types.Header) error {
 	b.headerCnt++
 	if b.headerCnt > b.indexer.sectionSize {
 		b.t.Error("Processing too many headers")
@@ -227,6 +228,7 @@ func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Process(header *types.Header) {
 		b.t.Fatal("Unexpected call to Process")
 	case b.processCh <- header.Number.Uint64():
 	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (b *testChainIndexBackend) Commit() error {

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -67,6 +67,11 @@ func (b *BlockGen) SetExtra(data []byte) {
 	b.header.Extra = data
 }
 
+// SetNonce sets the nonce field of the generated block.
+func (b *BlockGen) SetNonce(nonce types.BlockNonce) {
+	b.header.Nonce = nonce
+}
+
 // AddTx adds a transaction to the generated block. If no coinbase has
 // been set, the block's coinbase is set to the zero address.
 //
@@ -190,13 +195,14 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 		if config.DAOForkSupport && config.DAOForkBlock != nil && config.DAOForkBlock.Cmp(b.header.Number) == 0 {
 			misc.ApplyDAOHardFork(statedb)
 		}
-		// Execute any user modifications to the block and finalize it
+		// Execute any user modifications to the block
 		if gen != nil {
 			gen(i, b)
 		}
-
 		if b.engine != nil {
+			// Finalize and seal the block
 			block, _ := b.engine.Finalize(b.chainReader, b.header, statedb, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts)
+
 			// Write state changes to db
 			root, err := statedb.Commit(config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
 			if err != nil {
@@ -240,7 +246,7 @@ func makeHeader(chain consensus.ChainReader, parent *types.Block, state *state.S
 			Difficulty: parent.Difficulty(),
 			UncleHash:  parent.UncleHash(),
 		}),
-		GasLimit: CalcGasLimit(parent),
+		GasLimit: CalcGasLimit(parent, parent.GasLimit(), parent.GasLimit()),
 		Number:   new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number(), common.Big1),
 		Time:     time,
 	}

core/events.go

@@ -29,9 +29,6 @@ type PendingLogsEvent struct {
 	Logs []*types.Log
 }
 
-// PendingStateEvent is posted pre mining and notifies of pending state changes.
-type PendingStateEvent struct{}
-
 // NewMinedBlockEvent is posted when a block has been imported.
 type NewMinedBlockEvent struct{ Block *types.Block }
 

core/state/statedb.go

@@ -489,10 +489,13 @@ func (self *StateDB) Copy() *StateDB {
 			state.stateObjectsDirty[addr] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
-
 	for hash, logs := range self.logs {
-		state.logs[hash] = make([]*types.Log, len(logs))
+		cpy := make([]*types.Log, len(logs))
-		copy(state.logs[hash], logs)
+		for i, l := range logs {
+			cpy[i] = new(types.Log)
+			*cpy[i] = *l
+		}
+		state.logs[hash] = cpy
 	}
 	for hash, preimage := range self.preimages {
 		state.preimages[hash] = preimage

core/state_processor.go

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 		allLogs  []*types.Log
 		gp       = new(GasPool).AddGas(block.GasLimit())
 	)
-	// Mutate the the block and state according to any hard-fork specs
+	// Mutate the block and state according to any hard-fork specs
 	if p.config.DAOForkSupport && p.config.DAOForkBlock != nil && p.config.DAOForkBlock.Cmp(block.Number()) == 0 {
 		misc.ApplyDAOHardFork(statedb)
 	}
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func ApplyTransaction(config *params.ChainConfig, bc ChainContext, author *commo
 	*usedGas += gas
 
 	// Create a new receipt for the transaction, storing the intermediate root and gas used by the tx
-	// based on the eip phase, we're passing wether the root touch-delete accounts.
+	// based on the eip phase, we're passing whether the root touch-delete accounts.
 	receipt := types.NewReceipt(root, failed, *usedGas)
 	receipt.TxHash = tx.Hash()
 	receipt.GasUsed = gas

core/tx_cacher.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 )
 
-// senderCacher is a concurrent tranaction sender recoverer anc cacher.
+// senderCacher is a concurrent transaction sender recoverer anc cacher.
 var senderCacher = newTxSenderCacher(runtime.NumCPU())
 
 // txSenderCacherRequest is a request for recovering transaction senders with a
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ type txSenderCacher struct {
 }
 
 // newTxSenderCacher creates a new transaction sender background cacher and starts
-// as many procesing goroutines as allowed by the GOMAXPROCS on construction.
+// as many processing goroutines as allowed by the GOMAXPROCS on construction.
 func newTxSenderCacher(threads int) *txSenderCacher {
 	cacher := &txSenderCacher{
 		tasks:   make(chan *txSenderCacherRequest, threads),

core/tx_journal.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ var errNoActiveJournal = errors.New("no active journal")
 // devNull is a WriteCloser that just discards anything written into it. Its
 // goal is to allow the transaction journal to write into a fake journal when
 // loading transactions on startup without printing warnings due to no file
-// being readt for write.
+// being read for write.
 type devNull struct{}
 
 func (*devNull) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) { return len(p), nil }
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func newTxJournal(path string) *txJournal {
 // load parses a transaction journal dump from disk, loading its contents into
 // the specified pool.
 func (journal *txJournal) load(add func([]*types.Transaction) []error) error {
-	// Skip the parsing if the journal file doens't exist at all
+	// Skip the parsing if the journal file doesn't exist at all
 	if _, err := os.Stat(journal.path); os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func (journal *txJournal) load(add func([]*types.Transaction) []error) error {
 
 	// Create a method to load a limited batch of transactions and bump the
 	// appropriate progress counters. Then use this method to load all the
-	// journalled transactions in small-ish batches.
+	// journaled transactions in small-ish batches.
 	loadBatch := func(txs types.Transactions) {
 		for _, err := range add(txs) {
 			if err != nil {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (journal *txJournal) load(add func([]*types.Transaction) []error) error {
 			}
 			break
 		}
-		// New transaction parsed, queue up for later, import if threnshold is reached
+		// New transaction parsed, queue up for later, import if threshold is reached
 		total++
 
 		if batch = append(batch, tx); batch.Len() > 1024 {

core/tx_pool.go

@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/prque"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-	"gopkg.in/karalabe/cookiejar.v2/collections/prque"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -123,9 +123,10 @@ type blockChain interface {
 
 // TxPoolConfig are the configuration parameters of the transaction pool.
 type TxPoolConfig struct {
-	NoLocals  bool          // Whether local transaction handling should be disabled
+	Locals    []common.Address // Addresses that should be treated by default as local
-	Journal   string        // Journal of local transactions to survive node restarts
+	NoLocals  bool             // Whether local transaction handling should be disabled
-	Rejournal time.Duration // Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal
+	Journal   string           // Journal of local transactions to survive node restarts
+	Rejournal time.Duration    // Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal
 
 	PriceLimit uint64 // Minimum gas price to enforce for acceptance into the pool
 	PriceBump  uint64 // Minimum price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (nonce)
@@ -231,6 +232,10 @@ func NewTxPool(config TxPoolConfig, chainconfig *params.ChainConfig, chain block
 		gasPrice:    new(big.Int).SetUint64(config.PriceLimit),
 	}
 	pool.locals = newAccountSet(pool.signer)
+	for _, addr := range config.Locals {
+		log.Info("Setting new local account", "address", addr)
+		pool.locals.add(addr)
+	}
 	pool.priced = newTxPricedList(pool.all)
 	pool.reset(nil, chain.CurrentBlock().Header())
 
@@ -534,6 +539,14 @@ func (pool *TxPool) Pending() (map[common.Address]types.Transactions, error) {
 	return pending, nil
 }
 
+// Locals retrieves the accounts currently considered local by the pool.
+func (pool *TxPool) Locals() []common.Address {
+	pool.mu.Lock()
+	defer pool.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return pool.locals.flatten()
+}
+
 // local retrieves all currently known local transactions, groupped by origin
 // account and sorted by nonce. The returned transaction set is a copy and can be
 // freely modified by calling code.
@@ -665,7 +678,10 @@ func (pool *TxPool) add(tx *types.Transaction, local bool) (bool, error) {
 	}
 	// Mark local addresses and journal local transactions
 	if local {
-		pool.locals.add(from)
+		if !pool.locals.contains(from) {
+			log.Info("Setting new local account", "address", from)
+			pool.locals.add(from)
+		}
 	}
 	pool.journalTx(from, tx)
 
@@ -971,11 +987,11 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(accounts []common.Address) {
 	if pending > pool.config.GlobalSlots {
 		pendingBeforeCap := pending
 		// Assemble a spam order to penalize large transactors first
-		spammers := prque.New()
+		spammers := prque.New(nil)
 		for addr, list := range pool.pending {
 			// Only evict transactions from high rollers
 			if !pool.locals.contains(addr) && uint64(list.Len()) > pool.config.AccountSlots {
-				spammers.Push(addr, float32(list.Len()))
+				spammers.Push(addr, int64(list.Len()))
 			}
 		}
 		// Gradually drop transactions from offenders
@@ -1138,6 +1154,7 @@ func (a addressesByHeartbeat) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
 type accountSet struct {
 	accounts map[common.Address]struct{}
 	signer   types.Signer
+	cache    *[]common.Address
 }
 
 // newAccountSet creates a new address set with an associated signer for sender
@@ -1167,6 +1184,20 @@ func (as *accountSet) containsTx(tx *types.Transaction) bool {
 // add inserts a new address into the set to track.
 func (as *accountSet) add(addr common.Address) {
 	as.accounts[addr] = struct{}{}
+	as.cache = nil
+}
+
+// flatten returns the list of addresses within this set, also caching it for later
+// reuse. The returned slice should not be changed!
+func (as *accountSet) flatten() []common.Address {
+	if as.cache == nil {
+		accounts := make([]common.Address, 0, len(as.accounts))
+		for account := range as.accounts {
+			accounts = append(accounts, account)
+		}
+		as.cache = &accounts
+	}
+	return *as.cache
 }
 
 // txLookup is used internally by TxPool to track transactions while allowing lookup without

core/types/block.go

@@ -102,25 +102,6 @@ func (h *Header) Hash() common.Hash {
 	return rlpHash(h)
 }
 
-// HashNoNonce returns the hash which is used as input for the proof-of-work search.
-func (h *Header) HashNoNonce() common.Hash {
-	return rlpHash([]interface{}{
-		h.ParentHash,
-		h.UncleHash,
-		h.Coinbase,
-		h.Root,
-		h.TxHash,
-		h.ReceiptHash,
-		h.Bloom,
-		h.Difficulty,
-		h.Number,
-		h.GasLimit,
-		h.GasUsed,
-		h.Time,
-		h.Extra,
-	})
-}
-
 // Size returns the approximate memory used by all internal contents. It is used
 // to approximate and limit the memory consumption of various caches.
 func (h *Header) Size() common.StorageSize {
@@ -324,10 +305,6 @@ func (b *Block) Header() *Header { return CopyHeader(b.header) }
 // Body returns the non-header content of the block.
 func (b *Block) Body() *Body { return &Body{b.transactions, b.uncles} }
 
-func (b *Block) HashNoNonce() common.Hash {
-	return b.header.HashNoNonce()
-}
-
 // Size returns the true RLP encoded storage size of the block, either by encoding
 // and returning it, or returning a previsouly cached value.
 func (b *Block) Size() common.StorageSize {

core/types/bloom9.go

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func LogsBloom(logs []*Log) *big.Int {
 }
 
 func bloom9(b []byte) *big.Int {
-	b = crypto.Keccak256(b[:])
+	b = crypto.Keccak256(b)
 
 	r := new(big.Int)
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ var Bloom9 = bloom9
 
 func BloomLookup(bin Bloom, topic bytesBacked) bool {
 	bloom := bin.Big()
-	cmp := bloom9(topic.Bytes()[:])
+	cmp := bloom9(topic.Bytes())
 
 	return bloom.And(bloom, cmp).Cmp(cmp) == 0
 }

core/types/transaction.go

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func isProtectedV(V *big.Int) bool {
 		v := V.Uint64()
 		return v != 27 && v != 28
 	}
-	// anything not 27 or 28 are considered unprotected
+	// anything not 27 or 28 is considered protected
 	return true
 }
 

core/vm/contract.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ type AccountRef common.Address
 func (ar AccountRef) Address() common.Address { return (common.Address)(ar) }
 
 // Contract represents an ethereum contract in the state database. It contains
-// the the contract code, calling arguments. Contract implements ContractRef
+// the contract code, calling arguments. Contract implements ContractRef
 type Contract struct {
 	// CallerAddress is the result of the caller which initialised this
 	// contract. However when the "call method" is delegated this value

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ type (
 )
 
 // run runs the given contract and takes care of running precompiles with a fallback to the byte code interpreter.
-func run(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+func run(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, input []byte, readOnly bool) ([]byte, error) {
 	if contract.CodeAddr != nil {
 		precompiles := PrecompiledContractsHomestead
 		if evm.ChainConfig().IsByzantium(evm.BlockNumber) {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func run(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 				}(evm.interpreter)
 				evm.interpreter = interpreter
 			}
-			return interpreter.Run(contract, input)
+			return interpreter.Run(contract, input, readOnly)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil, ErrNoCompatibleInterpreter
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) Call(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte, gas
 			evm.vmConfig.Tracer.CaptureEnd(ret, gas-contract.Gas, time.Since(start), err)
 		}()
 	}
-	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input)
+	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input, false)
 
 	// When an error was returned by the EVM or when setting the creation code
 	// above we revert to the snapshot and consume any gas remaining. Additionally
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) CallCode(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte,
 	contract := NewContract(caller, to, value, gas)
 	contract.SetCallCode(&addr, evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(addr), evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr))
 
-	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input)
+	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
 		if err != errExecutionReverted {
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) DelegateCall(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []by
 	contract := NewContract(caller, to, nil, gas).AsDelegate()
 	contract.SetCallCode(&addr, evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(addr), evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr))
 
-	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input)
+	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
 		if err != errExecutionReverted {
@@ -310,13 +310,6 @@ func (evm *EVM) StaticCall(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte
 	if evm.depth > int(params.CallCreateDepth) {
 		return nil, gas, ErrDepth
 	}
-	// Make sure the readonly is only set if we aren't in readonly yet
-	// this makes also sure that the readonly flag isn't removed for
-	// child calls.
-	if !evm.interpreter.IsReadOnly() {
-		evm.interpreter.SetReadOnly(true)
-		defer func() { evm.interpreter.SetReadOnly(false) }()
-	}
 
 	var (
 		to       = AccountRef(addr)
@@ -331,7 +324,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) StaticCall(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte
 	// When an error was returned by the EVM or when setting the creation code
 	// above we revert to the snapshot and consume any gas remaining. Additionally
 	// when we're in Homestead this also counts for code storage gas errors.
-	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input)
+	ret, err = run(evm, contract, input, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
 		if err != errExecutionReverted {
@@ -382,7 +375,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) create(caller ContractRef, code []byte, gas uint64, value *big.I
 	}
 	start := time.Now()
 
-	ret, err := run(evm, contract, nil)
+	ret, err := run(evm, contract, nil, false)
 
 	// check whether the max code size has been exceeded
 	maxCodeSizeExceeded := evm.ChainConfig().IsEIP158(evm.BlockNumber) && len(ret) > params.MaxCodeSize
@@ -427,7 +420,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) Create(caller ContractRef, code []byte, gas uint64, value *big.I
 
 // Create2 creates a new contract using code as deployment code.
 //
-// The different between Create2 with Create is Create2 uses sha3(msg.sender ++ salt ++ init_code)[12:]
+// The different between Create2 with Create is Create2 uses sha3(0xff ++ msg.sender ++ salt ++ sha3(init_code))[12:]
 // instead of the usual sender-and-nonce-hash as the address where the contract is initialized at.
 func (evm *EVM) Create2(caller ContractRef, code []byte, gas uint64, endowment *big.Int, salt *big.Int) (ret []byte, contractAddr common.Address, leftOverGas uint64, err error) {
 	contractAddr = crypto.CreateAddress2(caller.Address(), common.BigToHash(salt), code)

core/vm/instructions.go

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func opSAR(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, contract *Contract, memory *
 	defer interpreter.intPool.put(shift) // First operand back into the pool
 
 	if shift.Cmp(common.Big256) >= 0 {
-		if value.Sign() > 0 {
+		if value.Sign() >= 0 {
 			value.SetUint64(0)
 		} else {
 			value.SetInt64(-1)

core/vm/interface.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ type StateDB interface {
 	ForEachStorage(common.Address, func(common.Hash, common.Hash) bool)
 }
 
-// CallContext provides a basic interface for the EVM calling conventions. The EVM EVM
+// CallContext provides a basic interface for the EVM calling conventions. The EVM
 // depends on this context being implemented for doing subcalls and initialising new EVM contracts.
 type CallContext interface {
 	// Call another contract

core/vm/interpreter.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ type Config struct {
 type Interpreter interface {
 	// Run loops and evaluates the contract's code with the given input data and returns
 	// the return byte-slice and an error if one occurred.
-	Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) ([]byte, error)
+	Run(contract *Contract, input []byte, static bool) ([]byte, error)
 	// CanRun tells if the contract, passed as an argument, can be
 	// run by the current interpreter. This is meant so that the
 	// caller can do something like:
@@ -61,10 +61,6 @@ type Interpreter interface {
 	// }
 	// ```
 	CanRun([]byte) bool
-	// IsReadOnly reports if the interpreter is in read only mode.
-	IsReadOnly() bool
-	// SetReadOnly sets (or unsets) read only mode in the interpreter.
-	SetReadOnly(bool)
 }
 
 // EVMInterpreter represents an EVM interpreter
@@ -125,7 +121,7 @@ func (in *EVMInterpreter) enforceRestrictions(op OpCode, operation operation, st
 // It's important to note that any errors returned by the interpreter should be
 // considered a revert-and-consume-all-gas operation except for
 // errExecutionReverted which means revert-and-keep-gas-left.
-func (in *EVMInterpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err error) {
+func (in *EVMInterpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte, readOnly bool) (ret []byte, err error) {
 	if in.intPool == nil {
 		in.intPool = poolOfIntPools.get()
 		defer func() {
@@ -138,6 +134,13 @@ func (in *EVMInterpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err
 	in.evm.depth++
 	defer func() { in.evm.depth-- }()
 
+	// Make sure the readOnly is only set if we aren't in readOnly yet.
+	// This makes also sure that the readOnly flag isn't removed for child calls.
+	if readOnly && !in.readOnly {
+		in.readOnly = true
+		defer func() { in.readOnly = false }()
+	}
+
 	// Reset the previous call's return data. It's unimportant to preserve the old buffer
 	// as every returning call will return new data anyway.
 	in.returnData = nil
@@ -263,13 +266,3 @@ func (in *EVMInterpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err
 func (in *EVMInterpreter) CanRun(code []byte) bool {
 	return true
 }
-
-// IsReadOnly reports if the interpreter is in read only mode.
-func (in *EVMInterpreter) IsReadOnly() bool {
-	return in.readOnly
-}
-
-// SetReadOnly sets (or unsets) read only mode in the interpreter.
-func (in *EVMInterpreter) SetReadOnly(ro bool) {
-	in.readOnly = ro
-}

crypto/bn256/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright (c) 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2018 Péter Szilágyi. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

crypto/bn256/bn256_fast.go

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// Copyright 2018 Péter Szilágyi. All rights reserved.
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found
-//
+// in the LICENSE file.
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 // +build amd64 arm64
 

crypto/bn256/bn256_fuzz.go

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// Copyright 2018 Péter Szilágyi. All rights reserved.
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found
-//
+// in the LICENSE file.
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 // +build gofuzz
 

crypto/bn256/bn256_slow.go

@@ -1,18 +1,6 @@
-// Copyright 2018 The go-ethereum Authors
+// Copyright 2018 Péter Szilágyi. All rights reserved.
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be found
-//
+// in the LICENSE file.
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 // +build !amd64,!arm64
 

crypto/bn256/cloudflare/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright (c) 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_amd64.s

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ TEXT ·gfpMul(SB),0,$160-24
 	MOVQ b+16(FP), SI
 
 	// Jump to a slightly different implementation if MULX isn't supported.
-	CMPB runtime·support_bmi2(SB), $0
+	CMPB ·hasBMI2(SB), $0
 	JE   nobmi2Mul
 
 	mulBMI2(0(DI),8(DI),16(DI),24(DI), 0(SI))

crypto/bn256/cloudflare/gfp_decl.go

@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ package bn256
 // This file contains forward declarations for the architecture-specific
 // assembly implementations of these functions, provided that they exist.
 
+import (
+	"golang.org/x/sys/cpu"
+)
+
+//nolint:varcheck
+var hasBMI2 = cpu.X86.HasBMI2
+
 // go:noescape
 func gfpNeg(c, a *gfP)
 

crypto/bn256/google/bn256.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-// Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group at the 128-bit security level.
+// Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group.
 //
 // Bilinear groups are the basis of many of the new cryptographic protocols
 // that have been proposed over the past decade. They consist of a triplet of
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
 // Barreto-Naehrig curve as described in
 // http://cryptojedi.org/papers/dclxvi-20100714.pdf. Its output is compatible
 // with the implementation described in that paper.
+//
+// (This package previously claimed to operate at a 128-bit security level.
+// However, recent improvements in attacks mean that is no longer true. See
+// https://moderncrypto.org/mail-archive/curves/2016/000740.html.)
 package bn256
 
 import (
@@ -50,8 +54,8 @@ func RandomG1(r io.Reader) (*big.Int, *G1, error) {
 	return k, new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(k), nil
 }
 
-func (g *G1) String() string {
+func (e *G1) String() string {
-	return "bn256.G1" + g.p.String()
+	return "bn256.G1" + e.p.String()
 }
 
 // CurvePoints returns p's curve points in big integer
@@ -98,15 +102,19 @@ func (e *G1) Neg(a *G1) *G1 {
 }
 
 // Marshal converts n to a byte slice.
-func (n *G1) Marshal() []byte {
+func (e *G1) Marshal() []byte {
-	n.p.MakeAffine(nil)
-
-	xBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.x, P).Bytes()
-	yBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y, P).Bytes()
-
 	// Each value is a 256-bit number.
 	const numBytes = 256 / 8
 
+	if e.p.IsInfinity() {
+		return make([]byte, numBytes*2)
+	}
+
+	e.p.MakeAffine(nil)
+
+	xBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(e.p.x, P).Bytes()
+	yBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(e.p.y, P).Bytes()
+
 	ret := make([]byte, numBytes*2)
 	copy(ret[1*numBytes-len(xBytes):], xBytes)
 	copy(ret[2*numBytes-len(yBytes):], yBytes)
@@ -175,8 +183,8 @@ func RandomG2(r io.Reader) (*big.Int, *G2, error) {
 	return k, new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(k), nil
 }
 
-func (g *G2) String() string {
+func (e *G2) String() string {
-	return "bn256.G2" + g.p.String()
+	return "bn256.G2" + e.p.String()
 }
 
 // CurvePoints returns the curve points of p which includes the real
@@ -216,6 +224,13 @@ func (e *G2) Add(a, b *G2) *G2 {
 
 // Marshal converts n into a byte slice.
 func (n *G2) Marshal() []byte {
+	// Each value is a 256-bit number.
+	const numBytes = 256 / 8
+
+	if n.p.IsInfinity() {
+		return make([]byte, numBytes*4)
+	}
+
 	n.p.MakeAffine(nil)
 
 	xxBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.x.x, P).Bytes()
@@ -223,9 +238,6 @@ func (n *G2) Marshal() []byte {
 	yxBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y.x, P).Bytes()
 	yyBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y.y, P).Bytes()
 
-	// Each value is a 256-bit number.
-	const numBytes = 256 / 8
-
 	ret := make([]byte, numBytes*4)
 	copy(ret[1*numBytes-len(xxBytes):], xxBytes)
 	copy(ret[2*numBytes-len(xyBytes):], xyBytes)

crypto/bn256/google/curve.go

@@ -245,11 +245,19 @@ func (c *curvePoint) Mul(a *curvePoint, scalar *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *curvePoi
 	return c
 }
 
+// MakeAffine converts c to affine form and returns c. If c is ∞, then it sets
+// c to 0 : 1 : 0.
 func (c *curvePoint) MakeAffine(pool *bnPool) *curvePoint {
 	if words := c.z.Bits(); len(words) == 1 && words[0] == 1 {
 		return c
 	}
-
+	if c.IsInfinity() {
+		c.x.SetInt64(0)
+		c.y.SetInt64(1)
+		c.z.SetInt64(0)
+		c.t.SetInt64(0)
+		return c
+	}
 	zInv := pool.Get().ModInverse(c.z, P)
 	t := pool.Get().Mul(c.y, zInv)
 	t.Mod(t, P)

crypto/bn256/google/twist.go

@@ -225,11 +225,19 @@ func (c *twistPoint) Mul(a *twistPoint, scalar *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *twistPoi
 	return c
 }
 
+// MakeAffine converts c to affine form and returns c. If c is ∞, then it sets
+// c to 0 : 1 : 0.
 func (c *twistPoint) MakeAffine(pool *bnPool) *twistPoint {
 	if c.z.IsOne() {
 		return c
 	}
-
+	if c.IsInfinity() {
+		c.x.SetZero()
+		c.y.SetOne()
+		c.z.SetZero()
+		c.t.SetZero()
+		return c
+	}
 	zInv := newGFp2(pool).Invert(c.z, pool)
 	t := newGFp2(pool).Mul(c.y, zInv, pool)
 	zInv2 := newGFp2(pool).Square(zInv, pool)

crypto/crypto.go

@@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ func CreateAddress(b common.Address, nonce uint64) common.Address {
 
 // CreateAddress2 creates an ethereum address given the address bytes, initial
 // contract code and a salt.
-func CreateAddress2(b common.Address, salt common.Hash, code []byte) common.Address {
+func CreateAddress2(b common.Address, salt [32]byte, code []byte) common.Address {
-	return common.BytesToAddress(Keccak256([]byte{0xff}, b.Bytes(), salt.Bytes(), code)[12:])
+	return common.BytesToAddress(Keccak256([]byte{0xff}, b.Bytes(), salt[:], Keccak256(code))[12:])
 }
 
 // ToECDSA creates a private key with the given D value.

crypto/secp256k1/secp256.go

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func Sign(msg []byte, seckey []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	return sig, nil
 }
 
-// RecoverPubkey returns the the public key of the signer.
+// RecoverPubkey returns the public key of the signer.
 // msg must be the 32-byte hash of the message to be signed.
 // sig must be a 65-byte compact ECDSA signature containing the
 // recovery id as the last element.

eth/api.go

@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
@@ -33,7 +35,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
@@ -93,47 +94,22 @@ func NewPrivateMinerAPI(e *Ethereum) *PrivateMinerAPI {
 	return &PrivateMinerAPI{e: e}
 }
 
-// Start the miner with the given number of threads. If threads is nil the number
+// Start starts the miner with the given number of threads. If threads is nil,
-// of workers started is equal to the number of logical CPUs that are usable by
+// the number of workers started is equal to the number of logical CPUs that are
-// this process. If mining is already running, this method adjust the number of
+// usable by this process. If mining is already running, this method adjust the
-// threads allowed to use and updates the minimum price required by the transaction
+// number of threads allowed to use and updates the minimum price required by the
-// pool.
+// transaction pool.
 func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) Start(threads *int) error {
-	// Set the number of threads if the seal engine supports it
 	if threads == nil {
-		threads = new(int)
+		return api.e.StartMining(runtime.NumCPU())
-	} else if *threads == 0 {
-		*threads = -1 // Disable the miner from within
 	}
-	type threaded interface {
+	return api.e.StartMining(*threads)
-		SetThreads(threads int)
-	}
-	if th, ok := api.e.engine.(threaded); ok {
-		log.Info("Updated mining threads", "threads", *threads)
-		th.SetThreads(*threads)
-	}
-	// Start the miner and return
-	if !api.e.IsMining() {
-		// Propagate the initial price point to the transaction pool
-		api.e.lock.RLock()
-		price := api.e.gasPrice
-		api.e.lock.RUnlock()
-		api.e.txPool.SetGasPrice(price)
-		return api.e.StartMining(true)
-	}
-	return nil
 }
 
-// Stop the miner
+// Stop terminates the miner, both at the consensus engine level as well as at
-func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) Stop() bool {
+// the block creation level.
-	type threaded interface {
+func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) Stop() {
-		SetThreads(threads int)
-	}
-	if th, ok := api.e.engine.(threaded); ok {
-		th.SetThreads(-1)
-	}
 	api.e.StopMining()
-	return true
 }
 
 // SetExtra sets the extra data string that is included when this miner mines a block.
@@ -160,6 +136,11 @@ func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// SetRecommitInterval updates the interval for miner sealing work recommitting.
+func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) SetRecommitInterval(interval int) {
+	api.e.Miner().SetRecommitInterval(time.Duration(interval) * time.Millisecond)
+}
+
 // GetHashrate returns the current hashrate of the miner.
 func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) GetHashrate() uint64 {
 	return api.e.miner.HashRate()