core: fix 8037 gas accounting (#34631)

To check whether a transaction can be applied, we validate that
`blockGasLimit > txGasLimit + (cumulativeRegularGasUsed +
cumulativeStateGasUsed)`. However, the check should only be applied to
the bottleneck resource, i.e. `blockGasLimit >
max(txRegularGasUsed+cumulativeRegularGasUsed, txStateGasUsed+
cumulativeStateGasUsed)`.

The changes here break multiple tests.  I am trying to determine why.

---------

Co-authored-by: qu0b <stefan@starflinger.eu>

core/gaspool.go

@@ -73,18 +73,20 @@ func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGas(returned uint64, gasUsed uint64) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ReturnGasAmsterdam handles 2D gas accounting for Amsterdam (EIP-8037).
-// It undoes the SubGas deduction fully and accumulates per-dimension block totals.
-func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGasAmsterdam(returned, txRegular, txState, receiptGasUsed uint64) error {
-	if gp.remaining > math.MaxUint64-returned {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: remaining: %d, returned: %d", ErrGasLimitOverflow, gp.remaining, returned)
-	}
-	// Undo SubGas deduction fully (Amsterdam uses cumulative tracking)
-	gp.remaining += returned
-	// Accumulate 2D block dimensions
+// ReturnGasAmsterdam calculates the new remaining gas in the pool after the
+// execution of a message. The remaining gas in the pool is
+// block.gasLimit - max(cumulative_regular, cumulative_state)
+func (gp *GasPool) ReturnGasAmsterdam(txRegular, txState, receiptGasUsed uint64) error {
 	gp.cumulativeRegular += txRegular
 	gp.cumulativeState += txState
 	gp.cumulativeUsed += receiptGasUsed
+
+	blockUsed := max(gp.cumulativeRegular, gp.cumulativeState)
+	if gp.initial < blockUsed {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: block gas overflow: initial %d, used %d (regular: %d, state: %d)",
+			ErrGasLimitReached, gp.initial, blockUsed, gp.cumulativeRegular, gp.cumulativeState)
+	}
+	gp.remaining = gp.initial - blockUsed
 	return nil
 }
 

core/parallel_state_processor.go

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) resultHandler(block *types.Block, preTxReads ba
 	// 1. if the block has transactions, receive the execution results from all of them and return an error on resCh if any txs err'd
 	// 2. once all txs are executed, compute the post-tx state transition and produce the ProcessResult sending it on resCh (or an error if the post-tx state didn't match what is reported in the BAL)
 	var results []txExecResult
-	gp := NewGasPool(block.GasLimit())
+	var cumulativeStateGas, cumulativeRegularGas uint64
 	var execErr error
 	var numTxComplete int
 
@@ -217,9 +217,10 @@ func (p *ParallelStateProcessor) resultHandler(block *types.Block, preTxReads ba
 					// short-circuit if invalid block was detected
 					if res.err != nil {
 						execErr = res.err
-					} else if err := gp.SubGas(res.receipt.CumulativeGasUsed); err != nil {
-						execErr = err
+					} else if bottleneck := max(cumulativeRegularGas+res.txRegular, cumulativeStateGas+res.txState); bottleneck > block.GasLimit() {
+						execErr = fmt.Errorf("block used too much gas in bottleneck dimension: %d. block gas limit is %d", bottleneck, block.GasLimit())
 					} else {
+						cumulativeStateGas += res.txState
 						results = append(results, res)
 						accesses.Merge(res.stateReads)
 					}

core/state_transition.go

@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ func (st *stateTransition) execute() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 		txState := (gas.StateGas - authRefund) + execGasUsed.StateGasCharged
 		txRegular := gas.RegularGas + execGasUsed.RegularGasUsed
 		txRegular = max(txRegular, floorDataGas)
-		if err := st.gp.ReturnGasAmsterdam(returned, txRegular, txState, st.gasUsed()); err != nil {
+		if err := st.gp.ReturnGasAmsterdam(txRegular, txState, st.gasUsed()); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	} else {