diff --git a/core/vm/interpreter_test.go b/core/vm/interpreter_test.go
index 001b102c81..8ed512316b 100644
--- a/core/vm/interpreter_test.go
+++ b/core/vm/interpreter_test.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package vm
 
 import (
 	"math"
+	"math/big"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -77,29 +78,19 @@ func TestLoopInterrupt(t *testing.T) {
 
 func BenchmarkInterpreter(b *testing.B) {
 	var (
-		evm             = NewEVM(BlockContext{}, nil, params.TestChainConfig, Config{})
-		startGas uint64 = 30_000_000
-		value           = uint256.NewInt(0)
-		contract        = NewContract(common.Address{}, common.Address{}, value, startGas, nil)
+		statedb, _        = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
+		evm               = NewEVM(BlockContext{BlockNumber: big.NewInt(1), Time: 1, Random: &common.Hash{}}, statedb, params.MergedTestChainConfig, Config{})
+		startGas   uint64 = 100_000_000
+		value             = uint256.NewInt(0)
+		stack             = newstack()
+		mem               = NewMemory()
+		contract          = NewContract(common.Address{}, common.Address{}, value, startGas, nil)
 	)
-	contract.Code = common.Hex2Bytes(loopInterruptTests[0])
+	stack.push(uint256.NewInt(123))
+	stack.push(uint256.NewInt(123))
+	gasSStoreEIP3529 = makeGasSStoreFunc(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP3529)
+	b.ResetTimer()
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		evm.interpreter.Run(contract, []byte{}, false)
+		gasSStoreEIP3529(evm, contract, stack, mem, 1234)
 	}
 }
-
-// BenchmarkInterpreter-14    	14613990	        79.01 ns/op	      32 B/op	       2 allocs/op
-
-func BenchmarkDup(b *testing.B) {
-	stack := newstack()
-	stack.push(uint256.NewInt(1234))
-	stack.push(uint256.NewInt(4321))
-	for range b.N {
-		for range 1_000_000 {
-			//stack.dup(1)
-			stack.dup1()
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkDup-14    	      38	  31579698 ns/op	188685761 B/op	       2 allocs/op
diff --git a/core/vm/operations_acl.go b/core/vm/operations_acl.go
index ff3875868f..085b018e4c 100644
--- a/core/vm/operations_acl.go
+++ b/core/vm/operations_acl.go
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ func makeGasSStoreFunc(clearingRefund uint64) gasFunc {
 		}
 		// Gas sentry honoured, do the actual gas calculation based on the stored value
 		var (
-			y, x    = stack.Back(1), stack.peek()
-			slot    = common.Hash(x.Bytes32())
-			current = evm.StateDB.GetState(contract.Address(), slot)
-			cost    = uint64(0)
+			y, x              = stack.Back(1), stack.peek()
+			slot              = common.Hash(x.Bytes32())
+			current, original = evm.StateDB.GetStateAndCommittedState(contract.Address(), slot)
+			cost              = uint64(0)
 		)
 		// Check slot presence in the access list
 		if _, slotPresent := evm.StateDB.SlotInAccessList(contract.Address(), slot); !slotPresent {
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ func makeGasSStoreFunc(clearingRefund uint64) gasFunc {
 			//		return params.SloadGasEIP2200, nil
 			return cost + params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929, nil // SLOAD_GAS
 		}
-		original := evm.StateDB.GetCommittedState(contract.Address(), x.Bytes32())
 		if original == current {
 			if original == (common.Hash{}) { // create slot (2.1.1)
 				return cost + params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200, nil
diff --git a/core/vm/stack.go b/core/vm/stack.go
index 685dd25dc7..879dc9aa6d 100644
--- a/core/vm/stack.go
+++ b/core/vm/stack.go
@@ -117,10 +117,6 @@ func (st *Stack) dup(n int) {
 	st.push(&st.data[st.len()-n])
 }
 
-func (st *Stack) dup1() {
-	st.push(&st.data[st.len()-1])
-}
-
 func (st *Stack) peek() *uint256.Int {
 	return &st.data[st.len()-1]
 }