rework bal generation using the tracer-based approach

beacon/engine/gen_ed.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types/bal"
 )
 
 var _ = (*executableDataMarshaling)(nil)
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ func (e ExecutableData) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		Withdrawals      []*types.Withdrawal     `json:"withdrawals"`
 		BlobGasUsed      *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"blobGasUsed"`
 		ExcessBlobGas    *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"excessBlobGas"`
+		BlockAccessList  *bal.BlockAccessList    `json:"blockAccessList"`
 		ExecutionWitness *types.ExecutionWitness `json:"executionWitness,omitempty"`
 	}
 	var enc ExecutableData
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ func (e ExecutableData) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	enc.Withdrawals = e.Withdrawals
 	enc.BlobGasUsed = (*hexutil.Uint64)(e.BlobGasUsed)
 	enc.ExcessBlobGas = (*hexutil.Uint64)(e.ExcessBlobGas)
+	enc.BlockAccessList = e.BlockAccessList
 	enc.ExecutionWitness = e.ExecutionWitness
 	return json.Marshal(&enc)
 }
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ func (e *ExecutableData) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 		Withdrawals      []*types.Withdrawal     `json:"withdrawals"`
 		BlobGasUsed      *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"blobGasUsed"`
 		ExcessBlobGas    *hexutil.Uint64         `json:"excessBlobGas"`
+		BlockAccessList  *bal.BlockAccessList    `json:"blockAccessList"`
 		ExecutionWitness *types.ExecutionWitness `json:"executionWitness,omitempty"`
 	}
 	var dec ExecutableData
@@ -157,6 +161,9 @@ func (e *ExecutableData) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if dec.ExcessBlobGas != nil {
 		e.ExcessBlobGas = (*uint64)(dec.ExcessBlobGas)
 	}
+	if dec.BlockAccessList != nil {
+		e.BlockAccessList = dec.BlockAccessList
+	}
 	if dec.ExecutionWitness != nil {
 		e.ExecutionWitness = dec.ExecutionWitness
 	}

cmd/evm/blockrunner.go

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func runBlockTest(ctx *cli.Context, fname string) ([]testResult, error) {
 			continue
 		}
 		result := &testResult{Name: name, Pass: true}
-		if err := tests[name].Run(false, rawdb.PathScheme, ctx.Bool(WitnessCrossCheckFlag.Name), tracer, func(res error, chain *core.BlockChain) {
+		if err := tests[name].Run(false, rawdb.PathScheme, ctx.Bool(WitnessCrossCheckFlag.Name), false, tracer, func(res error, chain *core.BlockChain) {
 			if ctx.Bool(DumpFlag.Name) {
 				if s, _ := chain.State(); s != nil {
 					result.State = dump(s)

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ var (
 		utils.BeaconGenesisTimeFlag,
 		utils.BeaconCheckpointFlag,
 		utils.BeaconCheckpointFileFlag,
+		utils.ExperimentalBALFlag,
 	}, utils.NetworkFlags, utils.DatabaseFlags)
 
 	rpcFlags = []cli.Flag{

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -1009,6 +1009,14 @@ Please note that --` + MetricsHTTPFlag.Name + ` must be set to start the server.
 		Value:    metrics.DefaultConfig.InfluxDBOrganization,
 		Category: flags.MetricsCategory,
 	}
+
+	// Block Access List flags
+
+	ExperimentalBALFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:     "experimental.bal",
+		Usage:    "Enable generation of EIP-7928 block access lists when importing post-Cancun blocks which lack them. When this flag is specified, importing blocks containing access lists triggers validation of their correctness and execution based off them. The header block access list field is not set with blocks created when this flag is specified, nor is it validated when importing blocks that contain access lists.  This is used for development purposes only.  Do not enable it otherwise.",
+		Category: flags.MiscCategory,
+	}
 )
 
 var (
@@ -1917,6 +1925,8 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 			cfg.VMTraceJsonConfig = ctx.String(VMTraceJsonConfigFlag.Name)
 		}
 	}
+
+	cfg.ExperimentalBAL = ctx.Bool(ExperimentalBALFlag.Name)
 }
 
 // MakeBeaconLightConfig constructs a beacon light client config based on the
@@ -2319,6 +2329,7 @@ func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly bool) (*core.BlockCh
 	}
 	options.VmConfig = vmcfg
 
+	options.EnableBALForTesting = ctx.Bool(ExperimentalBALFlag.Name)
 	chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(chainDb, gspec, engine, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		Fatalf("Can't create BlockChain: %v", err)

consensus/beacon/consensus.go

@@ -343,9 +343,9 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, setting the final state and
 // assembling the block.
-func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt, onFinalization func()) (*types.Block, error) {
 	if !beacon.IsPoSHeader(header) {
-		return beacon.ethone.FinalizeAndAssemble(chain, header, state, body, receipts)
+		return beacon.ethone.FinalizeAndAssemble(chain, header, state, body, receipts, onFinalization)
 	}
 	shanghai := chain.Config().IsShanghai(header.Number, header.Time)
 	if shanghai {
@@ -364,6 +364,10 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, hea
 	// Assign the final state root to header.
 	header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(true)
 
+	if onFinalization != nil {
+		onFinalization()
+	}
+
 	// Assemble the final block.
 	block := types.NewBlock(header, body, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
 

consensus/clique/clique.go

@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ func (c *Clique) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Heade
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, ensuring no uncles are set,
 // nor block rewards given, and returns the final block.
-func (c *Clique) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (c *Clique) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt, onFinalize func()) (*types.Block, error) {
 	if len(body.Withdrawals) > 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("clique does not support withdrawals")
 	}
@@ -589,6 +589,10 @@ func (c *Clique) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *
 	// Assign the final state root to header.
 	header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(chain.Config().IsEIP158(header.Number))
 
+	if onFinalize != nil {
+		onFinalize()
+	}
+
 	// Assemble and return the final block for sealing.
 	return types.NewBlock(header, &types.Body{Transactions: body.Transactions}, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)), nil
 }

consensus/consensus.go

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ type Engine interface {
 	//
 	// Note: The block header and state database might be updated to reflect any
 	// consensus rules that happen at finalization (e.g. block rewards).
-	FinalizeAndAssemble(chain ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error)
+	FinalizeAndAssemble(chain ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt, onFinalization func()) (*types.Block, error)
 
 	// Seal generates a new sealing request for the given input block and pushes
 	// the result into the given channel.

consensus/ethash/consensus.go

@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.
 
 // FinalizeAndAssemble implements consensus.Engine, accumulating the block and
 // uncle rewards, setting the final state and assembling the block.
-func (ethash *Ethash) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt) (*types.Block, error) {
+func (ethash *Ethash) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header, state *state.StateDB, body *types.Body, receipts []*types.Receipt, onFinalize func()) (*types.Block, error) {
 	if len(body.Withdrawals) > 0 {
 		return nil, errors.New("ethash does not support withdrawals")
 	}
@@ -521,6 +521,9 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, hea
 	// Assign the final state root to header.
 	header.Root = state.IntermediateRoot(chain.Config().IsEIP158(header.Number))
 
+	if onFinalize != nil {
+		onFinalize()
+	}
 	// Header seems complete, assemble into a block and return
 	return types.NewBlock(header, &types.Body{Transactions: body.Transactions, Uncles: body.Uncles}, receipts, trie.NewStackTrie(nil)), nil
 }

consensus/misc/eip4844/eip4844.go

@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ func latestBlobConfig(cfg *params.ChainConfig, time uint64) *BlobConfig {
 		bc = s.BPO2
 	case cfg.IsBPO1(london, time) && s.BPO1 != nil:
 		bc = s.BPO1
+	case cfg.IsAmsterdam(london, time) && s.Amsterdam != nil:
+		bc = s.Amsterdam
 	case cfg.IsOsaka(london, time) && s.Osaka != nil:
 		bc = s.Osaka
 	case cfg.IsPrague(london, time) && s.Prague != nil:

core/block_access_list_tracer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package core
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types/bal"
+	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
+	"math/big"
+)
+
+// BlockAccessListTracer is a tracer which gathers state accesses/mutations
+// from the execution of a block.  It is used for constructing and verifying
+// EIP-7928 block access lists.
+type BlockAccessListTracer struct {
+	builder *bal.AccessListBuilder
+
+	// the access list index that changes are currently being recorded into
+	balIdx uint16
+}
+
+// NewBlockAccessListTracer returns an BlockAccessListTracer and a set of hooks
+func NewBlockAccessListTracer() (*BlockAccessListTracer, *tracing.Hooks) {
+	balTracer := &BlockAccessListTracer{
+		builder: bal.NewAccessListBuilder(),
+	}
+	hooks := &tracing.Hooks{
+		OnBlockFinalization:  balTracer.OnBlockFinalization,
+		OnPreTxExecutionDone: balTracer.OnPreTxExecutionDone,
+		OnTxEnd:              balTracer.TxEndHook,
+		OnEnter:              balTracer.OnEnter,
+		OnExit:               balTracer.OnExit,
+		OnCodeChangeV2:       balTracer.OnCodeChange,
+		OnBalanceChange:      balTracer.OnBalanceChange,
+		OnNonceChangeV2:      balTracer.OnNonceChange,
+		OnStorageChange:      balTracer.OnStorageChange,
+		OnStorageRead:        balTracer.OnStorageRead,
+		OnAccountRead:        balTracer.OnAcountRead,
+		OnSelfDestructChange: balTracer.OnSelfDestruct,
+	}
+	wrappedHooks, _ := tracing.WrapWithJournal(hooks)
+	return balTracer, wrappedHooks
+}
+
+// AccessList returns the constructed access list.
+// It is assumed that this is only called after all the block state changes
+// have been executed and the block has been finalized.
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) AccessList() *bal.AccessListBuilder {
+	return a.builder
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnPreTxExecutionDone() {
+	a.builder.FinaliseIdxChanges(0)
+	a.balIdx++
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) TxEndHook(receipt *types.Receipt, err error) {
+	a.builder.FinaliseIdxChanges(a.balIdx)
+	a.balIdx++
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnEnter(depth int, typ byte, from common.Address, to common.Address, input []byte, gas uint64, value *big.Int) {
+	a.builder.EnterScope()
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnExit(depth int, output []byte, gasUsed uint64, err error, reverted bool) {
+	a.builder.ExitScope(reverted)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnCodeChange(addr common.Address, prevCodeHash common.Hash, prevCode []byte, codeHash common.Hash, code []byte, reason tracing.CodeChangeReason) {
+	a.builder.CodeChange(addr, prevCode, code)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnSelfDestruct(addr common.Address) {
+	a.builder.SelfDestruct(addr)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnBlockFinalization() {
+	a.builder.FinaliseIdxChanges(a.balIdx)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnBalanceChange(addr common.Address, prevBalance, newBalance *big.Int, _ tracing.BalanceChangeReason) {
+	newU256 := new(uint256.Int).SetBytes(newBalance.Bytes())
+	prevU256 := new(uint256.Int).SetBytes(prevBalance.Bytes())
+	a.builder.BalanceChange(addr, prevU256, newU256)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnNonceChange(addr common.Address, prev uint64, new uint64, reason tracing.NonceChangeReason) {
+	a.builder.NonceChange(addr, prev, new)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnStorageRead(addr common.Address, key common.Hash) {
+	a.builder.StorageRead(addr, key)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnAcountRead(addr common.Address) {
+	a.builder.AccountRead(addr)
+}
+
+func (a *BlockAccessListTracer) OnStorageChange(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash, prev common.Hash, new common.Hash) {
+	a.builder.StorageWrite(addr, slot, prev, new)
+}

core/block_validator.go

@@ -111,6 +111,31 @@ func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// block access lists must be present after the Amsterdam hard fork
+	if v.config.IsAmsterdam(block.Number(), block.Time()) {
+		if block.Body().AccessList == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access list not present in block body")
+		} else if *block.Header().BlockAccessListHash != block.Body().AccessList.Hash() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access list hash mismatch.  local: %x. remote: %x\n", block.Body().AccessList.Hash(), *block.Header().BlockAccessListHash)
+		} else if err := block.Body().AccessList.Validate(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid block access list: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else if !v.bc.cfg.EnableBALForTesting {
+		// if --experimental.bal is not enabled, block headers cannot have access list hash and bodies cannot have access lists.
+		if block.Body().AccessList != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access list not allowed in block body if not in amsterdam or --experimental.bal is set")
+		} else if block.Header().BlockAccessListHash != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access list hash in block header not allowed when --experimental.bal is set")
+		}
+	} else {
+		// if --experimental.bal is enabled, the BAL hash is not allowed in the header.
+		// this is in order that Geth can import pre-existing chains augmented with BALs
+		// and not have a hash mismatch.
+		if block.Header().BlockAccessListHash != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("access list hash in block header not allowed pre-amsterdam")
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Ancestor block must be known.
 	if !v.bc.HasBlockAndState(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1) {
 		if !v.bc.HasBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1) {

core/blockchain.go

@@ -196,6 +196,11 @@ type BlockChainConfig struct {
 	// If the value is -1, indexing is disabled.
 	TxLookupLimit int64
 
+	// If EnableBALForTesting is enabled, block access lists will be created
+	// from block execution and embedded in the body.  The block access list
+	// hash will not be set in the header.
+	EnableBALForTesting bool
+
 	// StateSizeTracking indicates whether the state size tracking is enabled.
 	StateSizeTracking bool
 }
@@ -1911,7 +1916,11 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insertChain(chain types.Blocks, setHead bool, makeWitness
 		}
 		// The traced section of block import.
 		start := time.Now()
-		res, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, setHead, makeWitness && len(chain) == 1)
+		enableBAL := (bc.cfg.EnableBALForTesting && bc.chainConfig.IsCancun(block.Number(), block.Time())) || bc.chainConfig.IsAmsterdam(block.Number(), block.Time())
+		blockHasAccessList := block.Body().AccessList != nil
+		constructBAL := enableBAL && !blockHasAccessList
+
+		res, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, setHead, makeWitness && len(chain) == 1, constructBAL, false)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, it.index, err
 		}
@@ -1983,7 +1992,7 @@ func (bpr *blockProcessingResult) Witness() *stateless.Witness {
 
 // ProcessBlock executes and validates the given block. If there was no error
 // it writes the block and associated state to database.
-func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, setHead bool, makeWitness bool) (_ *blockProcessingResult, blockEndErr error) {
+func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, setHead bool, makeWitness bool, constructBALForTesting bool, validateBAL bool) (_ *blockProcessingResult, blockEndErr error) {
 	var (
 		err       error
 		startTime = time.Now()
@@ -2079,6 +2088,14 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, s
 		}()
 	}
 
+	var balTracer *BlockAccessListTracer
+	// Process block using the parent state as reference point
+	if constructBALForTesting {
+		balTracer, bc.cfg.VmConfig.Tracer = NewBlockAccessListTracer()
+		defer func() {
+			bc.cfg.VmConfig.Tracer = nil
+		}()
+	}
 	// Process block using the parent state as reference point
 	pstart := time.Now()
 	res, err := bc.processor.Process(block, statedb, bc.cfg.VmConfig)
@@ -2088,11 +2105,24 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ProcessBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, s
 	}
 	ptime := time.Since(pstart)
 
+	if constructBALForTesting {
+		balTracer.OnBlockFinalization()
+	}
+
 	vstart := time.Now()
 	if err := bc.validator.ValidateState(block, statedb, res, false); err != nil {
 		bc.reportBlock(block, res, err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if constructBALForTesting {
+		// very ugly... deep-copy the block body before setting the block access
+		// list on it to prevent mutating the block instance passed by the caller.
+		existingBody := block.Body()
+		block = block.WithBody(*existingBody)
+		existingBody = block.Body()
+		existingBody.AccessList = balTracer.AccessList().ToEncodingObj()
+		block = block.WithBody(*existingBody)
+	}
 	vtime := time.Since(vstart)
 
 	// If witnesses was generated and stateless self-validation requested, do

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 		}
 
 		body := types.Body{Transactions: b.txs, Uncles: b.uncles, Withdrawals: b.withdrawals}
-		block, err := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(cm, b.header, statedb, &body, b.receipts)
+		block, err := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(cm, b.header, statedb, &body, b.receipts, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 			Uncles:       b.uncles,
 			Withdrawals:  b.withdrawals,
 		}
-		block, err := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(cm, b.header, statedb, body, b.receipts)
+		block, err := b.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(cm, b.header, statedb, body, b.receipts, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}

core/state/statedb.go

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ type StateDB struct {
 	// The tx context and all occurred logs in the scope of transaction.
 	thash   common.Hash
 	txIndex int
+
 	logs    map[common.Hash][]*types.Log
 	logSize uint
 
@@ -301,6 +302,13 @@ func (s *StateDB) Exist(addr common.Address) bool {
 	return s.getStateObject(addr) != nil
 }
 
+// ExistBeforeCurTx returns true if a contract exists and was not created
+// in the current transaction.
+func (s *StateDB) ExistBeforeCurTx(addr common.Address) bool {
+	obj := s.getStateObject(addr)
+	return obj != nil && !obj.newContract
+}
+
 // Empty returns whether the state object is either non-existent
 // or empty according to the EIP161 specification (balance = nonce = code = 0)
 func (s *StateDB) Empty(addr common.Address) bool {

core/state/statedb_hooked.go

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 package state
 
 import (
-	"math/big"
-
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/stateless"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
@@ -27,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie/utils"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
+	"math/big"
 )
 
 // hookedStateDB represents a statedb which emits calls to tracing-hooks
@@ -54,22 +53,37 @@ func (s *hookedStateDB) CreateContract(addr common.Address) {
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetBalance(addr common.Address) *uint256.Int {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetBalance(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetNonce(addr common.Address) uint64 {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetNonce(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetCodeHash(addr common.Address) common.Hash {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetCodeHash(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetCode(addr common.Address) []byte {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetCode(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetCodeSize(addr common.Address) int {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetCodeSize(addr)
 }
 
@@ -86,14 +100,23 @@ func (s *hookedStateDB) GetRefund() uint64 {
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetStateAndCommittedState(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash) (common.Hash, common.Hash) {
+	if s.hooks.OnStorageRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnStorageRead(addr, hash)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetStateAndCommittedState(addr, hash)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetState(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash) common.Hash {
+	if s.hooks.OnStorageRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnStorageRead(addr, hash)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetState(addr, hash)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) GetStorageRoot(addr common.Address) common.Hash {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.GetStorageRoot(addr)
 }
 
@@ -106,14 +129,23 @@ func (s *hookedStateDB) SetTransientState(addr common.Address, key, value common
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) HasSelfDestructed(addr common.Address) bool {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.HasSelfDestructed(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) Exist(addr common.Address) bool {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.Exist(addr)
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) Empty(addr common.Address) bool {
+	if s.hooks.OnAccountRead != nil {
+		s.hooks.OnAccountRead(addr)
+	}
 	return s.inner.Empty(addr)
 }
 
@@ -216,57 +248,25 @@ func (s *hookedStateDB) SetState(address common.Address, key common.Hash, value
 }
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) SelfDestruct(address common.Address) uint256.Int {
-	var prevCode []byte
-	var prevCodeHash common.Hash
-
-	if s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
-		prevCode = s.inner.GetCode(address)
-		prevCodeHash = s.inner.GetCodeHash(address)
-	}
-
 	prev := s.inner.SelfDestruct(address)
 
 	if s.hooks.OnBalanceChange != nil && !prev.IsZero() {
 		s.hooks.OnBalanceChange(address, prev.ToBig(), new(big.Int), tracing.BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct)
 	}
 
-	if len(prevCode) > 0 {
-		if s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2 != nil {
-			s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2(address, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil, tracing.CodeChangeSelfDestruct)
-		} else if s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
-			s.hooks.OnCodeChange(address, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil)
-		}
-	}
-
 	return prev
 }
 
-func (s *hookedStateDB) SelfDestruct6780(address common.Address) (uint256.Int, bool) {
-	var prevCode []byte
-	var prevCodeHash common.Hash
-
-	if s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
-		prevCodeHash = s.inner.GetCodeHash(address)
-		prevCode = s.inner.GetCode(address)
-	}
-
-	prev, changed := s.inner.SelfDestruct6780(address)
-
-	if s.hooks.OnBalanceChange != nil && !prev.IsZero() {
-		s.hooks.OnBalanceChange(address, prev.ToBig(), new(big.Int), tracing.BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct)
-	}
-
-	if changed && len(prevCode) > 0 {
-		if s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2 != nil {
-			s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2(address, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil, tracing.CodeChangeSelfDestruct)
-		} else if s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
-			s.hooks.OnCodeChange(address, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil)
-		}
-	}
+func (s *hookedStateDB) SelfDestruct6780(src common.Address) (uint256.Int, bool) {
+	prev, changed := s.inner.SelfDestruct6780(src)
 
 	return prev, changed
 }
 
+func (s *hookedStateDB) ExistBeforeCurTx(addr common.Address) bool {
+	return s.inner.ExistBeforeCurTx(addr)
+}
+
 func (s *hookedStateDB) AddLog(log *types.Log) {
 	// The inner will modify the log (add fields), so invoke that first
 	s.inner.AddLog(log)
@@ -277,16 +277,42 @@ func (s *hookedStateDB) AddLog(log *types.Log) {
 
 func (s *hookedStateDB) Finalise(deleteEmptyObjects bool) {
 	defer s.inner.Finalise(deleteEmptyObjects)
-	if s.hooks.OnBalanceChange == nil {
-		return
-	}
+	if s.hooks.OnSelfDestructChange != nil || s.hooks.OnBalanceChange != nil || s.hooks.OnNonceChangeV2 != nil || s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2 != nil || s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
 		for addr := range s.inner.journal.dirties {
 			obj := s.inner.stateObjects[addr]
 			if obj != nil && obj.selfDestructed {
+				if obj.selfDestructed && s.hooks.OnSelfDestructChange != nil {
+					// when executing, can we tell the difference between
+					s.hooks.OnSelfDestructChange(obj.address)
+				}
+
 				// If ether was sent to account post-selfdestruct it is burnt.
+				if s.hooks.OnBalanceChange != nil {
 					if bal := obj.Balance(); bal.Sign() != 0 {
 						s.hooks.OnBalanceChange(addr, bal.ToBig(), new(big.Int), tracing.BalanceDecreaseSelfdestructBurn)
 					}
 				}
+				if s.hooks.OnNonceChangeV2 != nil {
+					prevNonce := obj.Nonce()
+					s.hooks.OnNonceChangeV2(addr, prevNonce, 0, tracing.NonceChangeSelfdestruct)
+				}
+				prevCodeHash := s.inner.GetCodeHash(addr)
+				prevCode := s.inner.GetCode(addr)
+
+				// if an initcode invokes selfdestruct, do not emit a code change.
+				if prevCodeHash == types.EmptyCodeHash {
+					continue
+				}
+				if s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2 != nil {
+					s.hooks.OnCodeChangeV2(addr, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil, tracing.CodeChangeSelfDestruct)
+				} else if s.hooks.OnCodeChange != nil {
+					s.hooks.OnCodeChange(addr, prevCodeHash, prevCode, types.EmptyCodeHash, nil)
 				}
 			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *hookedStateDB) TxIndex() int {
+	return s.inner.TxIndex()
+}

core/state_processor.go

@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 		ProcessParentBlockHash(block.ParentHash(), evm)
 	}
 
+	if hooks := cfg.Tracer; hooks != nil {
+		hooks.OnPreTxExecutionDone()
+	}
+
 	// Iterate over and process the individual transactions
 	for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
 		msg, err := TransactionToMessage(tx, signer, header.BaseFee)
@@ -108,6 +112,7 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 		receipts = append(receipts, receipt)
 		allLogs = append(allLogs, receipt.Logs...)
 	}
+
 	// Read requests if Prague is enabled.
 	var requests [][]byte
 	if config.IsPrague(block.Number(), block.Time()) {
@@ -129,6 +134,10 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 	// Finalize the block, applying any consensus engine specific extras (e.g. block rewards)
 	p.chain.Engine().Finalize(p.chain, header, tracingStateDB, block.Body())
 
+	if hooks := cfg.Tracer; hooks != nil {
+		hooks.OnBlockFinalization()
+	}
+
 	return &ProcessResult{
 		Receipts: receipts,
 		Requests: requests,
@@ -213,7 +222,8 @@ func ApplyTransaction(evm *vm.EVM, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, header *
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Create a new context to be used in the EVM environment
-	return ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, header.Number, header.Hash(), header.Time, tx, usedGas, evm)
+	receipts, err := ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, header.Number, header.Hash(), header.Time, tx, usedGas, evm)
+	return receipts, err
 }
 
 // ProcessBeaconBlockRoot applies the EIP-4788 system call to the beacon block root

core/state_transition.go

@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ package core
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
-	"math"
-	"math/big"
-
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
@@ -29,6 +26,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
+	"math"
+	"math/big"
 )
 
 // ExecutionResult includes all output after executing given evm
@@ -617,16 +616,22 @@ func (st *stateTransition) applyAuthorization(auth *types.SetCodeAuthorization)
 		st.state.AddRefund(params.CallNewAccountGas - params.TxAuthTupleGas)
 	}
 
+	prevDelegation, isDelegated := types.ParseDelegation(st.state.GetCode(authority))
+
 	// Update nonce and account code.
 	st.state.SetNonce(authority, auth.Nonce+1, tracing.NonceChangeAuthorization)
 	if auth.Address == (common.Address{}) {
 		// Delegation to zero address means clear.
+		if isDelegated {
 			st.state.SetCode(authority, nil, tracing.CodeChangeAuthorizationClear)
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Otherwise install delegation to auth.Address.
+	// install delegation to auth.Address if the delegation changed
+	if !isDelegated || auth.Address != prevDelegation {
 		st.state.SetCode(authority, types.AddressToDelegation(auth.Address), tracing.CodeChangeAuthorization)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

core/tracing/hooks.go

@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ type (
 	CloseHook = func()
 
 	// BlockStartHook is called before executing `block`.
-	// `td` is the total difficulty prior to `block`.
 	BlockStartHook = func(event BlockEvent)
 
 	// BlockEndHook is called after executing a block.
@@ -141,24 +140,25 @@ type (
 	// GenesisBlockHook is called when the genesis block is being processed.
 	GenesisBlockHook = func(genesis *types.Block, alloc types.GenesisAlloc)
 
-	// OnSystemCallStartHook is called when a system call is about to be executed. Today,
-	// this hook is invoked when the EIP-4788 system call is about to be executed to set the
-	// beacon block root.
+	// OnSystemCallStartHook is called when a system call is about to be executed.
+	// Today, this hook is invoked when the EIP-4788 system call is about to be
+	// executed to set the beacon block root.
 	//
-	// After this hook, the EVM call tracing will happened as usual so you will receive a `OnEnter/OnExit`
-	// as well as state hooks between this hook and the `OnSystemCallEndHook`.
+	// After this hook, the EVM call tracing will happened as usual so you will
+	// receive a `OnEnter/OnExit` as well as state hooks between this hook and
+	// the `OnSystemCallEndHook`.
 	//
-	// Note that system call happens outside normal transaction execution, so the `OnTxStart/OnTxEnd` hooks
-	// will not be invoked.
+	// Note that system call happens outside normal transaction execution, so
+	// the `OnTxStart/OnTxEnd` hooks will not be invoked.
 	OnSystemCallStartHook = func()
 
-	// OnSystemCallStartHookV2 is called when a system call is about to be executed. Refer
-	// to `OnSystemCallStartHook` for more information.
+	// OnSystemCallStartHookV2 is called when a system call is about to be executed.
+	// Refer to `OnSystemCallStartHook` for more information.
 	OnSystemCallStartHookV2 = func(vm *VMContext)
 
-	// OnSystemCallEndHook is called when a system call has finished executing. Today,
-	// this hook is invoked when the EIP-4788 system call is about to be executed to set the
-	// beacon block root.
+	// OnSystemCallEndHook is called when a system call has finished executing.
+	// Today, this hook is invoked when the EIP-4788 system call is about to be
+	// executed to set the beacon block root.
 	OnSystemCallEndHook = func()
 
 	/*
@@ -183,9 +183,17 @@ type (
 	// StorageChangeHook is called when the storage of an account changes.
 	StorageChangeHook = func(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash, prev, new common.Hash)
 
+	SelfDestructHook = func(address common.Address)
+
 	// LogHook is called when a log is emitted.
 	LogHook = func(log *types.Log)
 
+	// AccountReadHook is called when the account is accessed.
+	AccountReadHook = func(addr common.Address)
+
+	// StorageReadHook is called when the storage slot is accessed.
+	StorageReadHook = func(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash)
+
 	// BlockHashReadHook is called when EVM reads the blockhash of a block.
 	BlockHashReadHook = func(blockNumber uint64, hash common.Hash)
 )
@@ -199,6 +207,7 @@ type Hooks struct {
 	OnOpcode    OpcodeHook
 	OnFault     FaultHook
 	OnGasChange GasChangeHook
+
 	// Chain events
 	OnBlockchainInit    BlockchainInitHook
 	OnClose             CloseHook
@@ -209,7 +218,11 @@ type Hooks struct {
 	OnSystemCallStart   OnSystemCallStartHook
 	OnSystemCallStartV2 OnSystemCallStartHookV2
 	OnSystemCallEnd     OnSystemCallEndHook
-	// State events
+
+	OnPreTxExecutionDone func() // called after pre-tx system contracts are invoked
+	OnBlockFinalization  func() // called after post-tx system contracts and consensus finalization are invoked
+
+	// State mutation events
 	OnBalanceChange      BalanceChangeHook
 	OnNonceChange        NonceChangeHook
 	OnNonceChangeV2      NonceChangeHookV2
@@ -217,6 +230,12 @@ type Hooks struct {
 	OnCodeChangeV2       CodeChangeHookV2
 	OnStorageChange      StorageChangeHook
 	OnLog                LogHook
+	OnSelfDestructChange SelfDestructHook
+
+	// State access events
+	OnAccountRead AccountReadHook
+	OnStorageRead StorageReadHook
+
 	// Block hash read
 	OnBlockHashRead BlockHashReadHook
 }
@@ -233,57 +252,74 @@ const (
 	// Issuance
 	// BalanceIncreaseRewardMineUncle is a reward for mining an uncle block.
 	BalanceIncreaseRewardMineUncle BalanceChangeReason = 1
+
 	// BalanceIncreaseRewardMineBlock is a reward for mining a block.
 	BalanceIncreaseRewardMineBlock BalanceChangeReason = 2
+
 	// BalanceIncreaseWithdrawal is ether withdrawn from the beacon chain.
 	BalanceIncreaseWithdrawal BalanceChangeReason = 3
+
 	// BalanceIncreaseGenesisBalance is ether allocated at the genesis block.
 	BalanceIncreaseGenesisBalance BalanceChangeReason = 4
 
 	// Transaction fees
-	// BalanceIncreaseRewardTransactionFee is the transaction tip increasing block builder's balance.
+	// BalanceIncreaseRewardTransactionFee is the transaction tip increasing
+	// block builder's balance.
 	BalanceIncreaseRewardTransactionFee BalanceChangeReason = 5
+
 	// BalanceDecreaseGasBuy is spent to purchase gas for execution a transaction.
 	// Part of this gas will be burnt as per EIP-1559 rules.
 	BalanceDecreaseGasBuy BalanceChangeReason = 6
+
 	// BalanceIncreaseGasReturn is ether returned for unused gas at the end of execution.
 	BalanceIncreaseGasReturn BalanceChangeReason = 7
 
 	// DAO fork
 	// BalanceIncreaseDaoContract is ether sent to the DAO refund contract.
 	BalanceIncreaseDaoContract BalanceChangeReason = 8
-	// BalanceDecreaseDaoAccount is ether taken from a DAO account to be moved to the refund contract.
+
+	// BalanceDecreaseDaoAccount is ether taken from a DAO account to be moved
+	// to the refund contract.
 	BalanceDecreaseDaoAccount BalanceChangeReason = 9
 
 	// BalanceChangeTransfer is ether transferred via a call.
 	// it is a decrease for the sender and an increase for the recipient.
 	BalanceChangeTransfer BalanceChangeReason = 10
+
 	// BalanceChangeTouchAccount is a transfer of zero value. It is only there to
 	// touch-create an account.
 	BalanceChangeTouchAccount BalanceChangeReason = 11
 
-	// BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct is added to the recipient as indicated by a selfdestructing account.
+	// BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct is added to the recipient as indicated by a
+	// selfdestructing account.
 	BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct BalanceChangeReason = 12
+
 	// BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct is deducted from a contract due to self-destruct.
 	BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct BalanceChangeReason = 13
+
 	// BalanceDecreaseSelfdestructBurn is ether that is sent to an already self-destructed
 	// account within the same tx (captured at end of tx).
 	// Note it doesn't account for a self-destruct which appoints itself as recipient.
 	BalanceDecreaseSelfdestructBurn BalanceChangeReason = 14
 
-	// BalanceChangeRevert is emitted when the balance is reverted back to a previous value due to call failure.
-	// It is only emitted when the tracer has opted in to use the journaling wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
+	// BalanceChangeRevert is emitted when the balance is reverted back to a
+	// previous value due to call failure.
+	//
+	// It is only emitted when the tracer has opted in to use the journaling
+	// wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
 	BalanceChangeRevert BalanceChangeReason = 15
 )
 
 // GasChangeReason is used to indicate the reason for a gas change, useful
 // for tracing and reporting.
 //
-// There is essentially two types of gas changes, those that can be emitted once per transaction
-// and those that can be emitted on a call basis, so possibly multiple times per transaction.
+// There is essentially two types of gas changes, those that can be emitted
+// once per transaction and those that can be emitted on a call basis, so possibly
+// multiple times per transaction.
 //
-// They can be recognized easily by their name, those that start with `GasChangeTx` are emitted
-// once per transaction, while those that start with `GasChangeCall` are emitted on a call basis.
+// They can be recognized easily by their name, those that start with `GasChangeTx`
+// are emitted once per transaction, while those that start with `GasChangeCall`
+// are emitted on a call basis.
 type GasChangeReason byte
 
 //go:generate go run golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer -type=GasChangeReason -trimprefix=GasChange -output gen_gas_change_reason_stringer.go
@@ -291,61 +327,100 @@ type GasChangeReason byte
 const (
 	GasChangeUnspecified GasChangeReason = 0
 
-	// GasChangeTxInitialBalance is the initial balance for the call which will be equal to the gasLimit of the call. There is only
-	// one such gas change per transaction.
+	// GasChangeTxInitialBalance is the initial balance for the call which will
+	// be equal to the gasLimit of the call. There is only one such gas change
+	// per transaction.
 	GasChangeTxInitialBalance GasChangeReason = 1
-	// GasChangeTxIntrinsicGas is the amount of gas that will be charged for the intrinsic cost of the transaction, there is
-	// always exactly one of those per transaction.
+
+	// GasChangeTxIntrinsicGas is the amount of gas that will be charged for the
+	// intrinsic cost of the transaction, there is always exactly one of those
+	// per transaction.
 	GasChangeTxIntrinsicGas GasChangeReason = 2
-	// GasChangeTxRefunds is the sum of all refunds which happened during the tx execution (e.g. storage slot being cleared)
-	// this generates an increase in gas. There is at most one of such gas change per transaction.
+
+	// GasChangeTxRefunds is the sum of all refunds which happened during the tx
+	// execution (e.g. storage slot being cleared). this generates an increase in
+	// gas. There is at most one of such gas change per transaction.
 	GasChangeTxRefunds GasChangeReason = 3
-	// GasChangeTxLeftOverReturned is the amount of gas left over at the end of transaction's execution that will be returned
-	// to the chain. This change will always be a negative change as we "drain" left over gas towards 0. If there was no gas
-	// left at the end of execution, no such even will be emitted. The returned gas's value in Wei is returned to caller.
-	// There is at most one of such gas change per transaction.
+
+	// GasChangeTxLeftOverReturned is the amount of gas left over at the end of
+	// transaction's execution that will be returned to the chain. This change
+	// will always be a negative change as we "drain" left over gas towards 0.
+	// If there was no gas left at the end of execution, no such even will be
+	// emitted. The returned gas's value in Wei is returned to caller. There is
+	// at most one of such gas change per transaction.
 	GasChangeTxLeftOverReturned GasChangeReason = 4
 
-	// GasChangeCallInitialBalance is the initial balance for the call which will be equal to the gasLimit of the call. There is only
-	// one such gas change per call.
+	// GasChangeCallInitialBalance is the initial balance for the call which
+	// will be equal to the gasLimit of the call. There is only one such gas
+	// change per call.
 	GasChangeCallInitialBalance GasChangeReason = 5
-	// GasChangeCallLeftOverReturned is the amount of gas left over that will be returned to the caller, this change will always
-	// be a negative change as we "drain" left over gas towards 0. If there was no gas left at the end of execution, no such even
-	// will be emitted.
+
+	// GasChangeCallLeftOverReturned is the amount of gas left over that will
+	// be returned to the caller, this change will always be a negative change
+	// as we "drain" left over gas towards 0. If there was no gas left at the
+	// end of execution, no such even will be emitted.
 	GasChangeCallLeftOverReturned GasChangeReason = 6
-	// GasChangeCallLeftOverRefunded is the amount of gas that will be refunded to the call after the child call execution it
-	// executed completed. This value is always positive as we are giving gas back to the you, the left over gas of the child.
-	// If there was no gas left to be refunded, no such even will be emitted.
+
+	// GasChangeCallLeftOverRefunded is the amount of gas that will be refunded
+	// to the call after the child call execution it executed completed. This
+	// value is always positive as we are giving gas back to the you, the left over
+	// gas of the child. If there was no gas left to be refunded, no such event
+	// will be emitted.
 	GasChangeCallLeftOverRefunded GasChangeReason = 7
-	// GasChangeCallContractCreation is the amount of gas that will be burned for a CREATE.
+
+	// GasChangeCallContractCreation is the amount of gas that will be burned
+	// for a CREATE.
 	GasChangeCallContractCreation GasChangeReason = 8
-	// GasChangeCallContractCreation2 is the amount of gas that will be burned for a CREATE2.
+
+	// GasChangeCallContractCreation2 is the amount of gas that will be burned
+	// for a CREATE2.
 	GasChangeCallContractCreation2 GasChangeReason = 9
-	// GasChangeCallCodeStorage is the amount of gas that will be charged for code storage.
+
+	// GasChangeCallCodeStorage is the amount of gas that will be charged for
+	// code storage.
 	GasChangeCallCodeStorage GasChangeReason = 10
-	// GasChangeCallOpCode is the amount of gas that will be charged for an opcode executed by the EVM, exact opcode that was
-	// performed can be check by `OnOpcode` handling.
+
+	// GasChangeCallOpCode is the amount of gas that will be charged for an opcode
+	// executed by the EVM, exact opcode that was performed can be check by
+	// `OnOpcode` handling.
 	GasChangeCallOpCode GasChangeReason = 11
-	// GasChangeCallPrecompiledContract is the amount of gas that will be charged for a precompiled contract execution.
+
+	// GasChangeCallPrecompiledContract is the amount of gas that will be charged
+	// for a precompiled contract execution.
 	GasChangeCallPrecompiledContract GasChangeReason = 12
-	// GasChangeCallStorageColdAccess is the amount of gas that will be charged for a cold storage access as controlled by EIP2929 rules.
+
+	// GasChangeCallStorageColdAccess is the amount of gas that will be charged
+	// for a cold storage access as controlled by EIP2929 rules.
 	GasChangeCallStorageColdAccess GasChangeReason = 13
-	// GasChangeCallFailedExecution is the burning of the remaining gas when the execution failed without a revert.
+
+	// GasChangeCallFailedExecution is the burning of the remaining gas when the
+	// execution failed without a revert.
 	GasChangeCallFailedExecution GasChangeReason = 14
-	// GasChangeWitnessContractInit flags the event of adding to the witness during the contract creation initialization step.
+
+	// GasChangeWitnessContractInit flags the event of adding to the witness
+	// during the contract creation initialization step.
 	GasChangeWitnessContractInit GasChangeReason = 15
-	// GasChangeWitnessContractCreation flags the event of adding to the witness during the contract creation finalization step.
+
+	// GasChangeWitnessContractCreation flags the event of adding to the witness
+	// during the contract creation finalization step.
 	GasChangeWitnessContractCreation GasChangeReason = 16
-	// GasChangeWitnessCodeChunk flags the event of adding one or more contract code chunks to the witness.
+
+	// GasChangeWitnessCodeChunk flags the event of adding one or more contract
+	// code chunks to the witness.
 	GasChangeWitnessCodeChunk GasChangeReason = 17
-	// GasChangeWitnessContractCollisionCheck flags the event of adding to the witness when checking for contract address collision.
+
+	// GasChangeWitnessContractCollisionCheck flags the event of adding to the
+	// witness when checking for contract address collision.
 	GasChangeWitnessContractCollisionCheck GasChangeReason = 18
-	// GasChangeTxDataFloor is the amount of extra gas the transaction has to pay to reach the minimum gas requirement for the
-	// transaction data. This change will always be a negative change.
+
+	// GasChangeTxDataFloor is the amount of extra gas the transaction has to
+	// pay to reach the minimum gas requirement for the transaction data.
+	// This change will always be a negative change.
 	GasChangeTxDataFloor GasChangeReason = 19
 
-	// GasChangeIgnored is a special value that can be used to indicate that the gas change should be ignored as
-	// it will be "manually" tracked by a direct emit of the gas change event.
+	// GasChangeIgnored is a special value that can be used to indicate that
+	// the gas change should be ignored as it will be "manually" tracked by
+	// a direct emit of the gas change event.
 	GasChangeIgnored GasChangeReason = 0xFF
 )
 
@@ -369,12 +444,16 @@ const (
 	// NonceChangeNewContract is the nonce change of a newly created contract.
 	NonceChangeNewContract NonceChangeReason = 4
 
-	// NonceChangeTransaction is the nonce change due to a EIP-7702 authorization.
+	// NonceChangeAuthorization is the nonce change due to a EIP-7702 authorization.
 	NonceChangeAuthorization NonceChangeReason = 5
 
-	// NonceChangeRevert is emitted when the nonce is reverted back to a previous value due to call failure.
-	// It is only emitted when the tracer has opted in to use the journaling wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
+	// NonceChangeRevert is emitted when the nonce is reverted back to a previous
+	// value due to call failure. It is only emitted when the tracer has opted in
+	// to use the journaling wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
 	NonceChangeRevert NonceChangeReason = 6
+
+	// NonceChangeSelfdestruct is emitted when the nonce is reset to zero due to a self-destruct
+	NonceChangeSelfdestruct NonceChangeReason = 7
 )
 
 // CodeChangeReason is used to indicate the reason for a code change.
@@ -385,22 +464,26 @@ type CodeChangeReason byte
 const (
 	CodeChangeUnspecified CodeChangeReason = 0
 
-	// CodeChangeContractCreation is when a new contract is deployed via CREATE/CREATE2 operations.
+	// CodeChangeContractCreation is when a new contract is deployed via
+	// CREATE/CREATE2 operations.
 	CodeChangeContractCreation CodeChangeReason = 1
 
-	// CodeChangeGenesis is when contract code is set during blockchain genesis or initial setup.
+	// CodeChangeGenesis is when contract code is set during blockchain genesis
+	// or initial setup.
 	CodeChangeGenesis CodeChangeReason = 2
 
 	// CodeChangeAuthorization is when code is set via EIP-7702 Set Code Authorization.
 	CodeChangeAuthorization CodeChangeReason = 3
 
-	// CodeChangeAuthorizationClear is when EIP-7702 delegation is cleared by setting to zero address.
+	// CodeChangeAuthorizationClear is when EIP-7702 delegation is cleared by
+	// setting to zero address.
 	CodeChangeAuthorizationClear CodeChangeReason = 4
 
 	// CodeChangeSelfDestruct is when contract code is cleared due to self-destruct.
 	CodeChangeSelfDestruct CodeChangeReason = 5
 
-	// CodeChangeRevert is emitted when the code is reverted back to a previous value due to call failure.
-	// It is only emitted when the tracer has opted in to use the journaling wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
+	// CodeChangeRevert is emitted when the code is reverted back to a previous
+	// value due to call failure. It is only emitted when the tracer has opted
+	// in to use the journaling wrapper (WrapWithJournal).
 	CodeChangeRevert CodeChangeReason = 6
 )

core/tracing/journal_test.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func (t *testTracer) OnCodeChangeV2(addr common.Address, prevCodeHash common.Has
 }
 
 func (t *testTracer) OnStorageChange(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash, prev common.Hash, new common.Hash) {
-	t.t.Logf("OnStorageCodeChange(%v, %v, %v -> %v)", addr, slot, prev, new)
+	t.t.Logf("OnStorageChange(%v, %v, %v -> %v)", addr, slot, prev, new)
 	if t.storage == nil {
 		t.storage = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
 	}
@@ -76,7 +76,12 @@ func (t *testTracer) OnStorageChange(addr common.Address, slot common.Hash, prev
 
 func TestJournalIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 	tr := &testTracer{t: t}
-	wr, err := WrapWithJournal(&Hooks{OnBalanceChange: tr.OnBalanceChange, OnNonceChange: tr.OnNonceChange, OnCodeChange: tr.OnCodeChange, OnStorageChange: tr.OnStorageChange})
+	wr, err := WrapWithJournal(&Hooks{
+		OnBalanceChange: tr.OnBalanceChange,
+		OnNonceChange:   tr.OnNonceChange,
+		OnCodeChange:    tr.OnCodeChange,
+		OnStorageChange: tr.OnStorageChange,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to wrap test tracer: %v", err)
 	}

core/types/bal/bal.go

@@ -18,143 +18,492 @@ package bal
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"maps"
-
+	"encoding/json"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
+	"maps"
 )
 
+// idxAccessListBuilder is responsible for producing the state accesses and
+// reads recorded within the scope of a single index in the access list.
+type idxAccessListBuilder struct {
+	// stores the previous values of any account data that was modified in the
+	// current index.
+	prestates map[common.Address]*accountIdxPrestate
+
+	// a stack which maintains a set of state mutations/reads for each EVM
+	// execution frame.  Entering a frame appends an intermediate access list
+	// and terminating a frame merges the accesses/modifications into the
+	// intermediate access list of the calling frame.
+	accessesStack []map[common.Address]*constructionAccountAccess
+}
+
+func newAccessListBuilder() *idxAccessListBuilder {
+	return &idxAccessListBuilder{
+		make(map[common.Address]*accountIdxPrestate),
+		[]map[common.Address]*constructionAccountAccess{
+			make(map[common.Address]*constructionAccountAccess),
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) storageRead(address common.Address, key common.Hash) {
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+	acctAccesses := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+	acctAccesses.StorageRead(key)
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) accountRead(address common.Address) {
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) storageWrite(address common.Address, key, prevVal, newVal common.Hash) {
+	if _, ok := c.prestates[address]; !ok {
+		c.prestates[address] = &accountIdxPrestate{}
+	}
+	if c.prestates[address].storage == nil {
+		c.prestates[address].storage = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.prestates[address].storage[key]; !ok {
+		c.prestates[address].storage[key] = prevVal
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+	acctAccesses := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+	acctAccesses.StorageWrite(key, prevVal, newVal)
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) balanceChange(address common.Address, prev, cur *uint256.Int) {
+	if _, ok := c.prestates[address]; !ok {
+		c.prestates[address] = &accountIdxPrestate{}
+	}
+	if c.prestates[address].balance == nil {
+		c.prestates[address].balance = prev
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+	acctAccesses := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+	acctAccesses.BalanceChange(cur)
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) codeChange(address common.Address, prev, cur []byte) {
+	// auth unset and selfdestruct pass code change as 'nil'
+	// however, internally in the access list accumulation of state changes,
+	// a nil field on an account means that it was never modified in the block.
+	if cur == nil {
+		cur = []byte{}
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := c.prestates[address]; !ok {
+		c.prestates[address] = &accountIdxPrestate{}
+	}
+	if c.prestates[address].code == nil {
+		c.prestates[address].code = prev
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+	acctAccesses := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+
+	acctAccesses.CodeChange(cur)
+}
+
+// selfDestruct is invoked when an account which has been created and invoked
+// SENDALL in the same transaction is removed as part of transaction finalization.
+//
+// Any storage accesses/modifications performed at the contract during execution
+// are retained in the block access list as state reads.
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) selfDestruct(address common.Address) {
+	// convert all the account storage writes to reads, preserve the existing reads
+	access := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+	for key, _ := range access.storageMutations {
+		if access.storageReads == nil {
+			access.storageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+		}
+		access.storageReads[key] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	access.storageMutations = nil
+}
+
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) nonceChange(address common.Address, prev, cur uint64) {
+	if _, ok := c.prestates[address]; !ok {
+		c.prestates[address] = &accountIdxPrestate{}
+	}
+	if c.prestates[address].nonce == nil {
+		c.prestates[address].nonce = &prev
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]; !ok {
+		c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+	}
+	acctAccesses := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1][address]
+	acctAccesses.NonceChange(cur)
+}
+
+// enterScope is called after a new EVM frame has been entered.
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) enterScope() {
+	c.accessesStack = append(c.accessesStack, make(map[common.Address]*constructionAccountAccess))
+}
+
+// exitScope is called after an EVM call scope terminates.  If the call scope
+// terminates with an error:
+// * the scope's state accesses are added to the calling scope's access list
+// * mutated accounts/storage are added into the calling scope's access list as state accesses
+// * the state mutations tracked in the parent scope are un-modified
+func (c *idxAccessListBuilder) exitScope(evmErr bool) {
+	// all storage writes in the child scope are converted into reads
+	// if there were no storage writes, the account is reported in the BAL as a read (if it wasn't already in the BAL and/or mutated previously)
+	childAccessList := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-1]
+	parentAccessList := c.accessesStack[len(c.accessesStack)-2]
+
+	for addr, childAccess := range childAccessList {
+		if _, ok := parentAccessList[addr]; ok {
+		} else {
+			parentAccessList[addr] = &constructionAccountAccess{}
+		}
+		if evmErr {
+			parentAccessList[addr].MergeReads(childAccess)
+		} else {
+			parentAccessList[addr].Merge(childAccess)
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.accessesStack = c.accessesStack[:len(c.accessesStack)-1]
+}
+
+// finalise returns the net state mutations at the access list index as well as
+// state which was accessed.  The idxAccessListBuilder instance should be discarded
+// after calling finalise.
+func (a *idxAccessListBuilder) finalise() (*StateDiff, StateAccesses) {
+	diff := &StateDiff{make(map[common.Address]*AccountMutations)}
+	stateAccesses := make(StateAccesses)
+
+	for addr, access := range a.accessesStack[0] {
+		// remove any mutations from the access list with no net difference vs the tx prestate value
+		if access.nonce != nil && *a.prestates[addr].nonce == *access.nonce {
+			access.nonce = nil
+		}
+		if access.balance != nil && a.prestates[addr].balance.Eq(access.balance) {
+			access.balance = nil
+		}
+
+		if access.code != nil && bytes.Equal(access.code, a.prestates[addr].code) {
+			access.code = nil
+		}
+		if access.storageMutations != nil {
+			for key, val := range access.storageMutations {
+				if a.prestates[addr].storage[key] == val {
+					delete(access.storageMutations, key)
+					access.storageReads[key] = struct{}{}
+				}
+			}
+			if len(access.storageMutations) == 0 {
+				access.storageMutations = nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		// if the account has no net mutations against the tx prestate, only include
+		// it in the state read set
+		if len(access.code) == 0 && access.nonce == nil && access.balance == nil && len(access.storageMutations) == 0 {
+			stateAccesses[addr] = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+			if access.storageReads != nil {
+				stateAccesses[addr] = access.storageReads
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		stateAccesses[addr] = access.storageReads
+		diff.Mutations[addr] = &AccountMutations{
+			Balance:       access.balance,
+			Nonce:         access.nonce,
+			Code:          access.code,
+			StorageWrites: access.storageMutations,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return diff, stateAccesses
+}
+
+// FinaliseIdxChanges records all pending state mutations/accesses in the
+// access list at the given index.  The set of pending state mutations/accesse are
+// then emptied.
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) FinaliseIdxChanges(idx uint16) {
+	pendingDiff, pendingAccesses := c.idxBuilder.finalise()
+	c.idxBuilder = newAccessListBuilder()
+
+	// if any of the newly-written storage slots were previously
+	// accessed, they must be removed from the accessed state set.
+	for addr, pendingAcctDiff := range pendingDiff.Mutations {
+		finalizedAcctChanges, ok := c.FinalizedAccesses[addr]
+		if !ok {
+			finalizedAcctChanges = &ConstructionAccountAccesses{}
+			c.FinalizedAccesses[addr] = finalizedAcctChanges
+		}
+
+		if pendingAcctDiff.Nonce != nil {
+			if finalizedAcctChanges.NonceChanges == nil {
+				finalizedAcctChanges.NonceChanges = make(map[uint16]uint64)
+			}
+			finalizedAcctChanges.NonceChanges[idx] = *pendingAcctDiff.Nonce
+		}
+		if pendingAcctDiff.Balance != nil {
+			if finalizedAcctChanges.BalanceChanges == nil {
+				finalizedAcctChanges.BalanceChanges = make(map[uint16]*uint256.Int)
+			}
+			finalizedAcctChanges.BalanceChanges[idx] = pendingAcctDiff.Balance
+		}
+		if pendingAcctDiff.Code != nil {
+			if finalizedAcctChanges.CodeChanges == nil {
+				finalizedAcctChanges.CodeChanges = make(map[uint16]CodeChange)
+			}
+			finalizedAcctChanges.CodeChanges[idx] = CodeChange{idx, pendingAcctDiff.Code}
+		}
+		if pendingAcctDiff.StorageWrites != nil {
+			if finalizedAcctChanges.StorageWrites == nil {
+				finalizedAcctChanges.StorageWrites = make(map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash)
+			}
+			for key, val := range pendingAcctDiff.StorageWrites {
+				if _, ok := finalizedAcctChanges.StorageWrites[key]; !ok {
+					finalizedAcctChanges.StorageWrites[key] = make(map[uint16]common.Hash)
+				}
+				finalizedAcctChanges.StorageWrites[key][idx] = val
+
+				// TODO: investigate why commenting out the check here, and the corresponding
+				// check under accesses causes GeneralStateTests blockchain tests to fail.
+				// They should only contain one tx per test.
+				//
+				// key could have been read in a previous tx, delete it from the read set here
+				if _, ok := finalizedAcctChanges.StorageReads[key]; ok {
+					delete(finalizedAcctChanges.StorageReads, key)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// record pending accesses in the BAL access set unless they were
+	// already written in a previous index
+	for addr, pendingAccountAccesses := range pendingAccesses {
+		finalizedAcctAccesses, ok := c.FinalizedAccesses[addr]
+		if !ok {
+			finalizedAcctAccesses = &ConstructionAccountAccesses{}
+			c.FinalizedAccesses[addr] = finalizedAcctAccesses
+		}
+
+		for key := range pendingAccountAccesses {
+			if _, ok := finalizedAcctAccesses.StorageWrites[key]; ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			if finalizedAcctAccesses.StorageReads == nil {
+				finalizedAcctAccesses.StorageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+			}
+			finalizedAcctAccesses.StorageReads[key] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	c.lastFinalizedMutations = pendingDiff
+	c.lastFinalizedAccesses = pendingAccesses
+}
+
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) StorageRead(address common.Address, key common.Hash) {
+	c.idxBuilder.storageRead(address, key)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) AccountRead(address common.Address) {
+	c.idxBuilder.accountRead(address)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) StorageWrite(address common.Address, key, prevVal, newVal common.Hash) {
+	c.idxBuilder.storageWrite(address, key, prevVal, newVal)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) BalanceChange(address common.Address, prev, cur *uint256.Int) {
+	c.idxBuilder.balanceChange(address, prev, cur)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) NonceChange(address common.Address, prev, cur uint64) {
+	c.idxBuilder.nonceChange(address, prev, cur)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) CodeChange(address common.Address, prev, cur []byte) {
+	c.idxBuilder.codeChange(address, prev, cur)
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) SelfDestruct(address common.Address) {
+	c.idxBuilder.selfDestruct(address)
+}
+
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) EnterScope() {
+	c.idxBuilder.enterScope()
+}
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) ExitScope(executionErr bool) {
+	c.idxBuilder.exitScope(executionErr)
+}
+
 // CodeChange contains the runtime bytecode deployed at an address and the
 // transaction index where the deployment took place.
 type CodeChange struct {
-	TxIndex uint16
+	TxIdx uint16
 	Code  []byte `json:"code,omitempty"`
 }
 
-// ConstructionAccountAccess contains post-block account state for mutations as well as
+// ConstructionAccountAccesses contains post-block account state for mutations as well as
 // all storage keys that were read during execution.  It is used when building block
 // access list during execution.
-type ConstructionAccountAccess struct {
+type ConstructionAccountAccesses struct {
 	// StorageWrites is the post-state values of an account's storage slots
 	// that were modified in a block, keyed by the slot key and the tx index
 	// where the modification occurred.
-	StorageWrites map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash `json:"storageWrites,omitempty"`
+	StorageWrites map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash
 
 	// StorageReads is the set of slot keys that were accessed during block
 	// execution.
 	//
 	// Storage slots which are both read and written (with changed values)
 	// appear only in StorageWrites.
-	StorageReads map[common.Hash]struct{} `json:"storageReads,omitempty"`
+	StorageReads map[common.Hash]struct{}
 
 	// BalanceChanges contains the post-transaction balances of an account,
 	// keyed by transaction indices where it was changed.
-	BalanceChanges map[uint16]*uint256.Int `json:"balanceChanges,omitempty"`
+	BalanceChanges map[uint16]*uint256.Int
 
 	// NonceChanges contains the post-state nonce values of an account keyed
 	// by tx index.
-	NonceChanges map[uint16]uint64 `json:"nonceChanges,omitempty"`
+	NonceChanges map[uint16]uint64
 
-	// CodeChange is only set for contract accounts which were deployed in
-	// the block.
-	CodeChange *CodeChange `json:"codeChange,omitempty"`
+	CodeChanges map[uint16]CodeChange
 }
 
-// NewConstructionAccountAccess initializes the account access object.
-func NewConstructionAccountAccess() *ConstructionAccountAccess {
-	return &ConstructionAccountAccess{
-		StorageWrites:  make(map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash),
-		StorageReads:   make(map[common.Hash]struct{}),
-		BalanceChanges: make(map[uint16]*uint256.Int),
-		NonceChanges:   make(map[uint16]uint64),
+// constructionAccountAccess contains fields for an account which were modified
+// during execution of the current access list index.
+// It also accumulates a set of storage slots which were accessed but not
+// modified.
+type constructionAccountAccess struct {
+	code    []byte
+	nonce   *uint64
+	balance *uint256.Int
+
+	storageMutations map[common.Hash]common.Hash
+	storageReads     map[common.Hash]struct{}
+}
+
+// Merge adds the accesses/mutations from other into the calling instance. If
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) Merge(other *constructionAccountAccess) {
+	if other.code != nil {
+		c.code = other.code
+	}
+	if other.nonce != nil {
+		c.nonce = other.nonce
+	}
+	if other.balance != nil {
+		c.balance = other.balance
+	}
+	if other.storageMutations != nil {
+		if c.storageMutations == nil {
+			c.storageMutations = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
+		}
+		for key, val := range other.storageMutations {
+			c.storageMutations[key] = val
+			delete(c.storageReads, key)
+		}
+	}
+	if other.storageReads != nil {
+		if c.storageReads == nil {
+			c.storageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+		}
+		// TODO: if the state was mutated in the caller, don't add it to the caller's reads.
+		// need to have a test case for this, verify it fails in the current state, and then fix this bug.
+		for key, val := range other.storageReads {
+			c.storageReads[key] = val
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-// ConstructionBlockAccessList contains post-block modified state and some state accessed
-// in execution (account addresses and storage keys).
-type ConstructionBlockAccessList struct {
-	Accounts map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccess
+// MergeReads merges accesses from a reverted execution from:
+// * any reads/writes from the reverted frame which weren't mutated
+// in the current frame, are merged into the current frame as reads.
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) MergeReads(other *constructionAccountAccess) {
+	if other.storageMutations != nil {
+		if c.storageReads == nil {
+			c.storageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+		}
+		for key, _ := range other.storageMutations {
+			if _, ok := c.storageMutations[key]; ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			c.storageReads[key] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	if other.storageReads != nil {
+		if c.storageReads == nil {
+			c.storageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+		}
+		for key := range other.storageReads {
+			if _, ok := c.storageMutations[key]; ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			c.storageReads[key] = struct{}{}
 		}
-
-// NewConstructionBlockAccessList instantiates an empty access list.
-func NewConstructionBlockAccessList() ConstructionBlockAccessList {
-	return ConstructionBlockAccessList{
-		Accounts: make(map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccess),
 	}
 }
 
-// AccountRead records the address of an account that has been read during execution.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) AccountRead(addr common.Address) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[addr]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[addr] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) StorageRead(key common.Hash) {
+	if c.storageReads == nil {
+		c.storageReads = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	}
+	if _, ok := c.storageMutations[key]; !ok {
+		c.storageReads[key] = struct{}{}
 	}
 }
 
-// StorageRead records a storage key read during execution.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) StorageRead(address common.Address, key common.Hash) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) StorageWrite(key, prevVal, newVal common.Hash) {
+	if c.storageMutations == nil {
+		c.storageMutations = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
 	}
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address].StorageWrites[key]; ok {
-		return
-	}
-	b.Accounts[address].StorageReads[key] = struct{}{}
+	c.storageMutations[key] = newVal
+	// a key can be first read and later written, but it must only show up
+	// in either read or write sets, not both.
+	//
+	// the caller should not
+	// call StorageRead on a slot that was already written
+	delete(c.storageReads, key)
 }
 
-// StorageWrite records the post-transaction value of a mutated storage slot.
-// The storage slot is removed from the list of read slots.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) StorageWrite(txIdx uint16, address common.Address, key, value common.Hash) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
-	}
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address].StorageWrites[key]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address].StorageWrites[key] = make(map[uint16]common.Hash)
-	}
-	b.Accounts[address].StorageWrites[key][txIdx] = value
-
-	delete(b.Accounts[address].StorageReads, key)
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) BalanceChange(cur *uint256.Int) {
+	c.balance = cur
 }
 
-// CodeChange records the code of a newly-created contract.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) CodeChange(address common.Address, txIndex uint16, code []byte) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
-	}
-	b.Accounts[address].CodeChange = &CodeChange{
-		TxIndex: txIndex,
-		Code:    bytes.Clone(code),
-	}
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) CodeChange(cur []byte) {
+	c.code = cur
 }
 
-// NonceChange records tx post-state nonce of any contract-like accounts whose
-// nonce was incremented.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) NonceChange(address common.Address, txIdx uint16, postNonce uint64) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
-	}
-	b.Accounts[address].NonceChanges[txIdx] = postNonce
+func (c *constructionAccountAccess) NonceChange(cur uint64) {
+	c.nonce = &cur
 }
 
-// BalanceChange records the post-transaction balance of an account whose
-// balance changed.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) BalanceChange(txIdx uint16, address common.Address, balance *uint256.Int) {
-	if _, ok := b.Accounts[address]; !ok {
-		b.Accounts[address] = NewConstructionAccountAccess()
-	}
-	b.Accounts[address].BalanceChanges[txIdx] = balance.Clone()
+// AccessListBuilder is used to build an EIP-7928 block access list
+type AccessListBuilder struct {
+	FinalizedAccesses map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccesses
+
+	idxBuilder *idxAccessListBuilder
+
+	lastFinalizedMutations *StateDiff
+	lastFinalizedAccesses  StateAccesses
 }
 
-// PrettyPrint returns a human-readable representation of the access list
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) PrettyPrint() string {
-	enc := b.toEncodingObj()
-	return enc.PrettyPrint()
+// NewAccessListBuilder instantiates an empty access list.
+func NewAccessListBuilder() *AccessListBuilder {
+	return &AccessListBuilder{
+		make(map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccesses),
+		newAccessListBuilder(),
+		nil,
+		nil,
+	}
 }
 
 // Copy returns a deep copy of the access list.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) Copy() *ConstructionBlockAccessList {
-	res := NewConstructionBlockAccessList()
-	for addr, aa := range b.Accounts {
-		var aaCopy ConstructionAccountAccess
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) Copy() *AccessListBuilder {
+	res := NewAccessListBuilder()
+	for addr, aa := range c.FinalizedAccesses {
+		var aaCopy ConstructionAccountAccesses
 
 		slotWrites := make(map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash, len(aa.StorageWrites))
 		for key, m := range aa.StorageWrites {
@@ -170,13 +519,187 @@ func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) Copy() *ConstructionBlockAccessList {
 		aaCopy.BalanceChanges = balances
 		aaCopy.NonceChanges = maps.Clone(aa.NonceChanges)
 
-		if aa.CodeChange != nil {
-			aaCopy.CodeChange = &CodeChange{
-				TxIndex: aa.CodeChange.TxIndex,
-				Code:    bytes.Clone(aa.CodeChange.Code),
+		codeChangesCopy := make(map[uint16]CodeChange)
+		for idx, codeChange := range aa.CodeChanges {
+			codeChangesCopy[idx] = CodeChange{
+				TxIdx: idx,
+				Code:  bytes.Clone(codeChange.Code),
 			}
 		}
-		res.Accounts[addr] = &aaCopy
+		res.FinalizedAccesses[addr] = &aaCopy
 	}
-	return &res
+	return res
+}
+
+// FinalizedIdxChanges returns the state mutations and accesses recorded in the latest
+// access list index that was finalized.
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) FinalizedIdxChanges() (*StateDiff, StateAccesses) {
+	return c.lastFinalizedMutations, c.lastFinalizedAccesses
+}
+
+// StateDiff contains state mutations occuring over one or more access list
+// index.
+type StateDiff struct {
+	Mutations map[common.Address]*AccountMutations `json:"Mutations,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// StateAccesses contains a set of accounts/storage that were accessed during the
+// execution of one or more access list indices.
+type StateAccesses map[common.Address]map[common.Hash]struct{}
+
+// Merge combines adds the accesses from other into s.
+func (s *StateAccesses) Merge(other StateAccesses) {
+	for addr, accesses := range other {
+		if _, ok := (*s)[addr]; !ok {
+			(*s)[addr] = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+		}
+		for slot := range accesses {
+			(*s)[addr][slot] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// accountIdxPrestate records the account prestate at a access list index
+// for components which were modified at that index.
+type accountIdxPrestate struct {
+	balance *uint256.Int
+	nonce   *uint64
+	code    ContractCode
+	storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash
+}
+
+// AccountMutations contains mutations that were made to an account across
+// one or more access list indices.
+type AccountMutations struct {
+	Balance       *uint256.Int                `json:"Balance,omitempty"`
+	Nonce         *uint64                     `json:"Nonce,omitempty"`
+	Code          ContractCode                `json:"Code,omitempty"`
+	StorageWrites map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"StorageWrites,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// String returns a human-readable JSON representation of the account mutations.
+func (a *AccountMutations) String() string {
+	var res bytes.Buffer
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(&res)
+	enc.SetIndent("", "    ")
+	enc.Encode(a)
+	return res.String()
+}
+
+// Eq returns whether the calling instance is equal to the provided one.
+func (a *AccountMutations) Eq(other *AccountMutations) bool {
+	if a.Balance != nil || other.Balance != nil {
+		if a.Balance == nil || other.Balance == nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if !a.Balance.Eq(other.Balance) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (len(a.Code) != 0 || len(other.Code) != 0) && !bytes.Equal(a.Code, other.Code) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if a.Nonce != nil || other.Nonce != nil {
+		if a.Nonce == nil || other.Nonce == nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if *a.Nonce != *other.Nonce {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	if a.StorageWrites != nil || other.StorageWrites != nil {
+		if a.StorageWrites == nil || other.StorageWrites == nil {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if !maps.Equal(a.StorageWrites, other.StorageWrites) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Copy returns a deep-copy of the instance.
+func (a *AccountMutations) Copy() *AccountMutations {
+	res := &AccountMutations{
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+	}
+	if a.Nonce != nil {
+		res.Nonce = new(uint64)
+		*res.Nonce = *a.Nonce
+	}
+	if a.Code != nil {
+		res.Code = bytes.Clone(a.Code)
+	}
+	if a.Balance != nil {
+		res.Balance = new(uint256.Int).Set(a.Balance)
+	}
+	if a.StorageWrites != nil {
+		res.StorageWrites = maps.Clone(a.StorageWrites)
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+// String returns the state diff as a formatted JSON string.
+func (s *StateDiff) String() string {
+	var res bytes.Buffer
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(&res)
+	enc.SetIndent("", "    ")
+	enc.Encode(s)
+	return res.String()
+}
+
+// Merge merges the state changes present in next into the caller.  After,
+// the state of the caller is the aggregate diff through next.
+func (s *StateDiff) Merge(next *StateDiff) {
+	for account, diff := range next.Mutations {
+		if mut, ok := s.Mutations[account]; ok {
+			if diff.Balance != nil {
+				mut.Balance = diff.Balance
+			}
+			if diff.Code != nil {
+				mut.Code = diff.Code
+			}
+			if diff.Nonce != nil {
+				mut.Nonce = diff.Nonce
+			}
+			if len(diff.StorageWrites) > 0 {
+				if mut.StorageWrites == nil {
+					mut.StorageWrites = maps.Clone(diff.StorageWrites)
+				} else {
+					for key, val := range diff.StorageWrites {
+						mut.StorageWrites[key] = val
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			s.Mutations[account] = diff.Copy()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Copy returns a deep copy of the StateDiff
+func (s *StateDiff) Copy() *StateDiff {
+	res := &StateDiff{make(map[common.Address]*AccountMutations)}
+	for addr, accountDiff := range s.Mutations {
+		cpy := accountDiff.Copy()
+		res.Mutations[addr] = cpy
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+// Copy returns a deep copy of the access list
+func (e BlockAccessList) Copy() (res BlockAccessList) {
+	for _, accountAccess := range e {
+		res = append(res, accountAccess.Copy())
+	}
+	return
 }

core/types/bal/bal_encoding.go

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ package bal
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"cmp"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"maps"
 	"slices"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
@@ -33,26 +33,59 @@ import (
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
 )
 
-//go:generate go run github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp/rlpgen -out bal_encoding_rlp_generated.go -type BlockAccessList -decoder
+//go:generate go run github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp/rlpgen -out bal_encoding_rlp_generated.go -type AccountAccess -decoder
 
 // These are objects used as input for the access list encoding. They mirror
 // the spec format.
 
-// BlockAccessList is the encoding format of ConstructionBlockAccessList.
-type BlockAccessList struct {
-	Accesses []AccountAccess `ssz-max:"300000"`
+// BlockAccessList is the encoding format of AccessListBuilder.
+type BlockAccessList []AccountAccess
+
+func (e BlockAccessList) EncodeRLP(_w io.Writer) error {
+	w := rlp.NewEncoderBuffer(_w)
+	l := w.List()
+	for _, access := range e {
+		access.EncodeRLP(w)
+	}
+	w.ListEnd(l)
+	return w.Flush()
+}
+
+func (e *BlockAccessList) DecodeRLP(dec *rlp.Stream) error {
+	if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*e = (*e)[:0]
+	for dec.MoreDataInList() {
+		var access AccountAccess
+		if err := access.DecodeRLP(dec); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*e = append(*e, access)
+	}
+	dec.ListEnd()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (e *BlockAccessList) String() string {
+	var res bytes.Buffer
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(&res)
+	enc.SetIndent("", "    ")
+	// TODO: check error
+	enc.Encode(e)
+	return res.String()
 }
 
 // Validate returns an error if the contents of the access list are not ordered
 // according to the spec or any code changes are contained which exceed protocol
 // max code size.
-func (e *BlockAccessList) Validate() error {
-	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e.Accesses, func(a, b AccountAccess) int {
+func (e BlockAccessList) Validate() error {
+	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e, func(a, b AccountAccess) int {
 		return bytes.Compare(a.Address[:], b.Address[:])
 	}) {
 		return errors.New("block access list accounts not in lexicographic order")
 	}
-	for _, entry := range e.Accesses {
+	for _, entry := range e {
 		if err := entry.validate(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -73,39 +106,28 @@ func (e *BlockAccessList) Hash() common.Hash {
 	return crypto.Keccak256Hash(enc.Bytes())
 }
 
-// encodeBalance encodes the provided balance into 16-bytes.
-func encodeBalance(val *uint256.Int) [16]byte {
-	valBytes := val.Bytes()
-	if len(valBytes) > 16 {
-		panic("can't encode value that is greater than 16 bytes in size")
-	}
-	var enc [16]byte
-	copy(enc[16-len(valBytes):], valBytes[:])
-	return enc
-}
-
 // encodingBalanceChange is the encoding format of BalanceChange.
 type encodingBalanceChange struct {
-	TxIdx   uint16   `ssz-size:"2"`
-	Balance [16]byte `ssz-size:"16"`
+	TxIdx   uint16       `json:"txIndex"`
+	Balance *uint256.Int `json:"balance"`
 }
 
 // encodingAccountNonce is the encoding format of NonceChange.
 type encodingAccountNonce struct {
-	TxIdx uint16 `ssz-size:"2"`
-	Nonce uint64 `ssz-size:"8"`
+	TxIdx uint16 `json:"txIndex"`
+	Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce"`
 }
 
 // encodingStorageWrite is the encoding format of StorageWrites.
 type encodingStorageWrite struct {
-	TxIdx      uint16
-	ValueAfter [32]byte `ssz-size:"32"`
+	TxIdx      uint16      `json:"txIndex"`
+	ValueAfter common.Hash `json:"valueAfter"`
 }
 
 // encodingStorageWrite is the encoding format of SlotWrites.
 type encodingSlotWrites struct {
-	Slot     [32]byte               `ssz-size:"32"`
-	Accesses []encodingStorageWrite `ssz-max:"300000"`
+	Slot     common.Hash            `json:"slot"`
+	Accesses []encodingStorageWrite `json:"accesses"`
 }
 
 // validate returns an instance of the encoding-representation slot writes in
@@ -119,14 +141,14 @@ func (e *encodingSlotWrites) validate() error {
 	return errors.New("storage write tx indices not in order")
 }
 
-// AccountAccess is the encoding format of ConstructionAccountAccess.
+// AccountAccess is the encoding format of ConstructionAccountAccesses.
 type AccountAccess struct {
-	Address        [20]byte                `ssz-size:"20"`    // 20-byte Ethereum address
-	StorageWrites  []encodingSlotWrites    `ssz-max:"300000"` // Storage changes (slot -> [tx_index -> new_value])
-	StorageReads   [][32]byte              `ssz-max:"300000"` // Read-only storage keys
-	BalanceChanges []encodingBalanceChange `ssz-max:"300000"` // Balance changes ([tx_index -> post_balance])
-	NonceChanges   []encodingAccountNonce  `ssz-max:"300000"` // Nonce changes ([tx_index -> new_nonce])
-	Code           []CodeChange            `ssz-max:"1"`      // Code changes ([tx_index -> new_code])
+	Address        common.Address          `json:"address,omitempty"`        // 20-byte Ethereum address
+	StorageChanges []encodingSlotWrites    `json:"storageChanges,omitempty"` // Storage changes (slot -> [tx_index -> new_value])
+	StorageReads   []common.Hash           `json:"storageReads,omitempty"`   // Read-only storage keys
+	BalanceChanges []encodingBalanceChange `json:"balanceChanges,omitempty"` // Balance changes ([tx_index -> post_balance])
+	NonceChanges   []encodingAccountNonce  `json:"nonceChanges,omitempty"`   // Nonce changes ([tx_index -> new_nonce])
+	CodeChanges    []CodeChange            `json:"code,omitempty"`           // CodeChanges changes ([tx_index -> new_code])
 }
 
 // validate converts the account accesses out of encoding format.
@@ -134,19 +156,42 @@ type AccountAccess struct {
 // spec, an error is returned.
 func (e *AccountAccess) validate() error {
 	// Check the storage write slots are sorted in order
-	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e.StorageWrites, func(a, b encodingSlotWrites) int {
+	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e.StorageChanges, func(a, b encodingSlotWrites) int {
 		return bytes.Compare(a.Slot[:], b.Slot[:])
 	}) {
 		return errors.New("storage writes slots not in lexicographic order")
 	}
-	for _, write := range e.StorageWrites {
+	for _, write := range e.StorageChanges {
 		if err := write.validate(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
+	// test case ideas: keys in both read/writes, duplicate keys in either read/writes
+	// ensure that the read and write key sets are distinct
+	readKeys := make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	writeKeys := make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
+	for _, readKey := range e.StorageReads {
+		if _, ok := readKeys[readKey]; ok {
+			return errors.New("duplicate read key")
+		}
+		readKeys[readKey] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	for _, write := range e.StorageChanges {
+		writeKey := write.Slot
+		if _, ok := writeKeys[writeKey]; ok {
+			return errors.New("duplicate write key")
+		}
+		writeKeys[writeKey] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	for readKey := range readKeys {
+		if _, ok := writeKeys[readKey]; ok {
+			return errors.New("storage key reported in both read/write sets")
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Check the storage read slots are sorted in order
-	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e.StorageReads, func(a, b [32]byte) int {
+	if !slices.IsSortedFunc(e.StorageReads, func(a, b common.Hash) int {
 		return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
 	}) {
 		return errors.New("storage read slots not in lexicographic order")
@@ -167,9 +212,9 @@ func (e *AccountAccess) validate() error {
 	}
 
 	// Convert code change
-	if len(e.Code) == 1 {
-		if len(e.Code[0].Code) > params.MaxCodeSize {
-			return errors.New("code change contained oversized code")
+	for _, codeChange := range e.CodeChanges {
+		if len(codeChange.Code) > params.MaxCodeSize {
+			return fmt.Errorf("code change contained oversized code")
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -183,40 +228,39 @@ func (e *AccountAccess) Copy() AccountAccess {
 		BalanceChanges: slices.Clone(e.BalanceChanges),
 		NonceChanges:   slices.Clone(e.NonceChanges),
 	}
-	for _, storageWrite := range e.StorageWrites {
-		res.StorageWrites = append(res.StorageWrites, encodingSlotWrites{
+	for _, storageWrite := range e.StorageChanges {
+		res.StorageChanges = append(res.StorageChanges, encodingSlotWrites{
 			Slot:     storageWrite.Slot,
 			Accesses: slices.Clone(storageWrite.Accesses),
 		})
 	}
-	if len(e.Code) == 1 {
-		res.Code = []CodeChange{
-			{
-				e.Code[0].TxIndex,
-				bytes.Clone(e.Code[0].Code),
-			},
-		}
+	for _, codeChange := range e.CodeChanges {
+		res.CodeChanges = append(res.CodeChanges,
+			CodeChange{
+				codeChange.TxIdx,
+				bytes.Clone(codeChange.Code),
+			})
 	}
 	return res
 }
 
 // EncodeRLP returns the RLP-encoded access list
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) EncodeRLP(wr io.Writer) error {
-	return b.toEncodingObj().EncodeRLP(wr)
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) EncodeRLP(wr io.Writer) error {
+	return c.ToEncodingObj().EncodeRLP(wr)
 }
 
-var _ rlp.Encoder = &ConstructionBlockAccessList{}
+var _ rlp.Encoder = &AccessListBuilder{}
 
-// toEncodingObj creates an instance of the ConstructionAccountAccess of the type that is
+// toEncodingObj creates an instance of the ConstructionAccountAccesses of the type that is
 // used as input for the encoding.
-func (a *ConstructionAccountAccess) toEncodingObj(addr common.Address) AccountAccess {
+func (a *ConstructionAccountAccesses) toEncodingObj(addr common.Address) AccountAccess {
 	res := AccountAccess{
 		Address:        addr,
-		StorageWrites:  make([]encodingSlotWrites, 0),
-		StorageReads:   make([][32]byte, 0),
+		StorageChanges: make([]encodingSlotWrites, 0),
+		StorageReads:   make([]common.Hash, 0),
 		BalanceChanges: make([]encodingBalanceChange, 0),
 		NonceChanges:   make([]encodingAccountNonce, 0),
-		Code:           nil,
+		CodeChanges:    make([]CodeChange, 0),
 	}
 
 	// Convert write slots
@@ -237,7 +281,7 @@ func (a *ConstructionAccountAccess) toEncodingObj(addr common.Address) AccountAc
 				ValueAfter: slotWrites[index],
 			})
 		}
-		res.StorageWrites = append(res.StorageWrites, obj)
+		res.StorageChanges = append(res.StorageChanges, obj)
 	}
 
 	// Convert read slots
@@ -253,7 +297,7 @@ func (a *ConstructionAccountAccess) toEncodingObj(addr common.Address) AccountAc
 	for _, idx := range balanceIndices {
 		res.BalanceChanges = append(res.BalanceChanges, encodingBalanceChange{
 			TxIdx:   idx,
-			Balance: encodeBalance(a.BalanceChanges[idx]),
+			Balance: new(uint256.Int).Set(a.BalanceChanges[idx]),
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -268,77 +312,31 @@ func (a *ConstructionAccountAccess) toEncodingObj(addr common.Address) AccountAc
 	}
 
 	// Convert code change
-	if a.CodeChange != nil {
-		res.Code = []CodeChange{
-			{
-				a.CodeChange.TxIndex,
-				bytes.Clone(a.CodeChange.Code),
-			},
-		}
+	codeChangeIdxs := slices.Collect(maps.Keys(a.CodeChanges))
+	slices.SortFunc(codeChangeIdxs, cmp.Compare[uint16])
+	for _, idx := range codeChangeIdxs {
+		res.CodeChanges = append(res.CodeChanges, CodeChange{
+			idx,
+			bytes.Clone(a.CodeChanges[idx].Code),
+		})
 	}
 	return res
 }
 
-// toEncodingObj returns an instance of the access list expressed as the type
+// ToEncodingObj returns an instance of the access list expressed as the type
 // which is used as input for the encoding/decoding.
-func (b *ConstructionBlockAccessList) toEncodingObj() *BlockAccessList {
+func (c *AccessListBuilder) ToEncodingObj() *BlockAccessList {
 	var addresses []common.Address
-	for addr := range b.Accounts {
+	for addr := range c.FinalizedAccesses {
 		addresses = append(addresses, addr)
 	}
 	slices.SortFunc(addresses, common.Address.Cmp)
 
 	var res BlockAccessList
 	for _, addr := range addresses {
-		res.Accesses = append(res.Accesses, b.Accounts[addr].toEncodingObj(addr))
+		res = append(res, c.FinalizedAccesses[addr].toEncodingObj(addr))
 	}
 	return &res
 }
 
-func (e *BlockAccessList) PrettyPrint() string {
-	var res bytes.Buffer
-	printWithIndent := func(indent int, text string) {
-		fmt.Fprintf(&res, "%s%s\n", strings.Repeat("    ", indent), text)
-	}
-	for _, accountDiff := range e.Accesses {
-		printWithIndent(0, fmt.Sprintf("%x:", accountDiff.Address))
-
-		printWithIndent(1, "storage writes:")
-		for _, sWrite := range accountDiff.StorageWrites {
-			printWithIndent(2, fmt.Sprintf("%x:", sWrite.Slot))
-			for _, access := range sWrite.Accesses {
-				printWithIndent(3, fmt.Sprintf("%d: %x", access.TxIdx, access.ValueAfter))
-			}
-		}
-
-		printWithIndent(1, "storage reads:")
-		for _, slot := range accountDiff.StorageReads {
-			printWithIndent(2, fmt.Sprintf("%x", slot))
-		}
-
-		printWithIndent(1, "balance changes:")
-		for _, change := range accountDiff.BalanceChanges {
-			balance := new(uint256.Int).SetBytes(change.Balance[:]).String()
-			printWithIndent(2, fmt.Sprintf("%d: %s", change.TxIdx, balance))
-		}
-
-		printWithIndent(1, "nonce changes:")
-		for _, change := range accountDiff.NonceChanges {
-			printWithIndent(2, fmt.Sprintf("%d: %d", change.TxIdx, change.Nonce))
-		}
-
-		if len(accountDiff.Code) > 0 {
-			printWithIndent(1, "code:")
-			printWithIndent(2, fmt.Sprintf("%d: %x", accountDiff.Code[0].TxIndex, accountDiff.Code[0].Code))
-		}
-	}
-	return res.String()
-}
-
-// Copy returns a deep copy of the access list
-func (e *BlockAccessList) Copy() (res BlockAccessList) {
-	for _, accountAccess := range e.Accesses {
-		res.Accesses = append(res.Accesses, accountAccess.Copy())
-	}
-	return
-}
+type ContractCode []byte

core/types/bal/bal_encoding_json.go

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+package bal
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
+)
+
+func (c *ContractCode) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	hexStr := fmt.Sprintf("%x", *c)
+	return json.Marshal(hexStr)
+}
+func (e encodingBalanceChange) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	type Alias encodingBalanceChange
+	return json.Marshal(&struct {
+		TxIdx string `json:"txIndex"`
+		*Alias
+	}{
+		TxIdx: fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", e.TxIdx),
+		Alias: (*Alias)(&e),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *encodingBalanceChange) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	type Alias encodingBalanceChange
+	aux := &struct {
+		TxIdx string `json:"txIndex"`
+		*Alias
+	}{
+		Alias: (*Alias)(e),
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &aux); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(aux.TxIdx) >= 2 && aux.TxIdx[:2] == "0x" {
+		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(aux.TxIdx, "0x%x", &e.TxIdx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+func (e encodingAccountNonce) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	type Alias encodingAccountNonce
+	return json.Marshal(&struct {
+		TxIdx string `json:"txIndex"`
+		Nonce string `json:"nonce"`
+		*Alias
+	}{
+		TxIdx: fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", e.TxIdx),
+		Nonce: fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", e.Nonce),
+		Alias: (*Alias)(&e),
+	})
+}
+
+func (e *encodingAccountNonce) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	type Alias encodingAccountNonce
+	aux := &struct {
+		TxIdx string `json:"txIndex"`
+		Nonce string `json:"nonce"`
+		*Alias
+	}{
+		Alias: (*Alias)(e),
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &aux); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(aux.TxIdx) >= 2 && aux.TxIdx[:2] == "0x" {
+		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(aux.TxIdx, "0x%x", &e.TxIdx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if len(aux.Nonce) >= 2 && aux.Nonce[:2] == "0x" {
+		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(aux.Nonce, "0x%x", &e.Nonce); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler to decode from RLP hex bytes
+func (b *BlockAccessList) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
+	// Handle both hex string and object formats
+	var hexBytes hexutil.Bytes
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(input, &hexBytes); err == nil {
+		// It's a hex string, decode from RLP
+		return rlp.DecodeBytes(hexBytes, b)
+	}
+
+	// Otherwise try to unmarshal as structured JSON
+	var tmp []AccountAccess
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(input, &tmp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*b = BlockAccessList(tmp)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler to encode as RLP hex bytes
+func (b BlockAccessList) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	// Encode to RLP then to hex
+	rlpBytes, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(hexutil.Bytes(rlpBytes))
+}

core/types/bal/bal_encoding_rlp_generated.go

@@ -2,275 +2,254 @@
 
 package bal
 
+import "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 import "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
+import "github.com/holiman/uint256"
 import "io"
 
-func (obj *BlockAccessList) EncodeRLP(_w io.Writer) error {
+func (obj *AccountAccess) EncodeRLP(_w io.Writer) error {
 	w := rlp.NewEncoderBuffer(_w)
 	_tmp0 := w.List()
+	w.WriteBytes(obj.Address[:])
 	_tmp1 := w.List()
-	for _, _tmp2 := range obj.Accesses {
+	for _, _tmp2 := range obj.StorageChanges {
 		_tmp3 := w.List()
-		w.WriteBytes(_tmp2.Address[:])
+		w.WriteBytes(_tmp2.Slot[:])
 		_tmp4 := w.List()
-		for _, _tmp5 := range _tmp2.StorageWrites {
+		for _, _tmp5 := range _tmp2.Accesses {
 			_tmp6 := w.List()
-			w.WriteBytes(_tmp5.Slot[:])
-			_tmp7 := w.List()
-			for _, _tmp8 := range _tmp5.Accesses {
-				_tmp9 := w.List()
-				w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp8.TxIdx))
-				w.WriteBytes(_tmp8.ValueAfter[:])
-				w.ListEnd(_tmp9)
-			}
-			w.ListEnd(_tmp7)
+			w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp5.TxIdx))
+			w.WriteBytes(_tmp5.ValueAfter[:])
 			w.ListEnd(_tmp6)
 		}
 		w.ListEnd(_tmp4)
-		_tmp10 := w.List()
-		for _, _tmp11 := range _tmp2.StorageReads {
-			w.WriteBytes(_tmp11[:])
+		w.ListEnd(_tmp3)
 	}
-		w.ListEnd(_tmp10)
+	w.ListEnd(_tmp1)
+	_tmp7 := w.List()
+	for _, _tmp8 := range obj.StorageReads {
+		w.WriteBytes(_tmp8[:])
+	}
+	w.ListEnd(_tmp7)
+	_tmp9 := w.List()
+	for _, _tmp10 := range obj.BalanceChanges {
+		_tmp11 := w.List()
+		w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp10.TxIdx))
+		if _tmp10.Balance == nil {
+			w.Write(rlp.EmptyString)
+		} else {
+			w.WriteUint256(_tmp10.Balance)
+		}
+		w.ListEnd(_tmp11)
+	}
+	w.ListEnd(_tmp9)
 	_tmp12 := w.List()
-		for _, _tmp13 := range _tmp2.BalanceChanges {
+	for _, _tmp13 := range obj.NonceChanges {
 		_tmp14 := w.List()
 		w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp13.TxIdx))
-			w.WriteBytes(_tmp13.Balance[:])
+		w.WriteUint64(_tmp13.Nonce)
 		w.ListEnd(_tmp14)
 	}
 	w.ListEnd(_tmp12)
 	_tmp15 := w.List()
-		for _, _tmp16 := range _tmp2.NonceChanges {
+	for _, _tmp16 := range obj.CodeChanges {
 		_tmp17 := w.List()
 		w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp16.TxIdx))
-			w.WriteUint64(_tmp16.Nonce)
+		w.WriteBytes(_tmp16.Code)
 		w.ListEnd(_tmp17)
 	}
 	w.ListEnd(_tmp15)
-		_tmp18 := w.List()
-		for _, _tmp19 := range _tmp2.Code {
-			_tmp20 := w.List()
-			w.WriteUint64(uint64(_tmp19.TxIndex))
-			w.WriteBytes(_tmp19.Code)
-			w.ListEnd(_tmp20)
-		}
-		w.ListEnd(_tmp18)
-		w.ListEnd(_tmp3)
-	}
-	w.ListEnd(_tmp1)
 	w.ListEnd(_tmp0)
 	return w.Flush()
 }
 
-func (obj *BlockAccessList) DecodeRLP(dec *rlp.Stream) error {
-	var _tmp0 BlockAccessList
-	{
-		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		// Accesses:
-		var _tmp1 []AccountAccess
-		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-			var _tmp2 AccountAccess
+func (obj *AccountAccess) DecodeRLP(dec *rlp.Stream) error {
+	var _tmp0 AccountAccess
 	{
 		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// Address:
-				var _tmp3 [20]byte
-				if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp3[:]); err != nil {
+		var _tmp1 common.Address
+		if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp1[:]); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-				_tmp2.Address = _tmp3
-				// StorageWrites:
-				var _tmp4 []encodingSlotWrites
+		_tmp0.Address = _tmp1
+		// StorageChanges:
+		var _tmp2 []encodingSlotWrites
 		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-					var _tmp5 encodingSlotWrites
+			var _tmp3 encodingSlotWrites
 			{
 				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				// Slot:
-						var _tmp6 [32]byte
-						if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp6[:]); err != nil {
+				var _tmp4 common.Hash
+				if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp4[:]); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp5.Slot = _tmp6
+				_tmp3.Slot = _tmp4
 				// Accesses:
-						var _tmp7 []encodingStorageWrite
+				var _tmp5 []encodingStorageWrite
 				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-							var _tmp8 encodingStorageWrite
+					var _tmp6 encodingStorageWrite
 					{
 						if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 							return err
 						}
 						// TxIdx:
-								_tmp9, err := dec.Uint16()
+						_tmp7, err := dec.Uint16()
 						if err != nil {
 							return err
 						}
-								_tmp8.TxIdx = _tmp9
+						_tmp6.TxIdx = _tmp7
 						// ValueAfter:
-								var _tmp10 [32]byte
-								if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp10[:]); err != nil {
+						var _tmp8 common.Hash
+						if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp8[:]); err != nil {
 							return err
 						}
-								_tmp8.ValueAfter = _tmp10
+						_tmp6.ValueAfter = _tmp8
 						if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 							return err
 						}
 					}
-							_tmp7 = append(_tmp7, _tmp8)
+					_tmp5 = append(_tmp5, _tmp6)
 				}
 				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp5.Accesses = _tmp7
+				_tmp3.Accesses = _tmp5
 				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
-					_tmp4 = append(_tmp4, _tmp5)
+			_tmp2 = append(_tmp2, _tmp3)
 		}
 		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-				_tmp2.StorageWrites = _tmp4
+		_tmp0.StorageChanges = _tmp2
 		// StorageReads:
-				var _tmp11 [][32]byte
+		var _tmp9 []common.Hash
 		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-					var _tmp12 [32]byte
-					if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp12[:]); err != nil {
+			var _tmp10 common.Hash
+			if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp10[:]); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
+			_tmp9 = append(_tmp9, _tmp10)
+		}
+		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_tmp0.StorageReads = _tmp9
+		// BalanceChanges:
+		var _tmp11 []encodingBalanceChange
+		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
+			var _tmp12 encodingBalanceChange
+			{
+				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				// TxIdx:
+				_tmp13, err := dec.Uint16()
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				_tmp12.TxIdx = _tmp13
+				// Balance:
+				var _tmp14 uint256.Int
+				if err := dec.ReadUint256(&_tmp14); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				_tmp12.Balance = &_tmp14
+				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
 			_tmp11 = append(_tmp11, _tmp12)
 		}
 		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-				_tmp2.StorageReads = _tmp11
-				// BalanceChanges:
-				var _tmp13 []encodingBalanceChange
-				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-				for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-					var _tmp14 encodingBalanceChange
-					{
-						if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
-							return err
-						}
-						// TxIdx:
-						_tmp15, err := dec.Uint16()
-						if err != nil {
-							return err
-						}
-						_tmp14.TxIdx = _tmp15
-						// Balance:
-						var _tmp16 [16]byte
-						if err := dec.ReadBytes(_tmp16[:]); err != nil {
-							return err
-						}
-						_tmp14.Balance = _tmp16
-						if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
-							return err
-						}
-					}
-					_tmp13 = append(_tmp13, _tmp14)
-				}
-				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-				_tmp2.BalanceChanges = _tmp13
+		_tmp0.BalanceChanges = _tmp11
 		// NonceChanges:
-				var _tmp17 []encodingAccountNonce
+		var _tmp15 []encodingAccountNonce
 		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-					var _tmp18 encodingAccountNonce
+			var _tmp16 encodingAccountNonce
 			{
 				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				// TxIdx:
-						_tmp19, err := dec.Uint16()
+				_tmp17, err := dec.Uint16()
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp18.TxIdx = _tmp19
+				_tmp16.TxIdx = _tmp17
 				// Nonce:
-						_tmp20, err := dec.Uint64()
+				_tmp18, err := dec.Uint64()
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp18.Nonce = _tmp20
+				_tmp16.Nonce = _tmp18
 				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
-					_tmp17 = append(_tmp17, _tmp18)
+			_tmp15 = append(_tmp15, _tmp16)
 		}
 		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-				_tmp2.NonceChanges = _tmp17
-				// Code:
-				var _tmp21 []CodeChange
+		_tmp0.NonceChanges = _tmp15
+		// CodeChanges:
+		var _tmp19 []CodeChange
 		if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		for dec.MoreDataInList() {
-					var _tmp22 CodeChange
+			var _tmp20 CodeChange
 			{
 				if _, err := dec.List(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						// TxIndex:
-						_tmp23, err := dec.Uint16()
+				// TxIdx:
+				_tmp21, err := dec.Uint16()
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp22.TxIndex = _tmp23
+				_tmp20.TxIdx = _tmp21
 				// Code:
-						_tmp24, err := dec.Bytes()
+				_tmp22, err := dec.Bytes()
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-						_tmp22.Code = _tmp24
+				_tmp20.Code = _tmp22
 				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 			}
-					_tmp21 = append(_tmp21, _tmp22)
+			_tmp19 = append(_tmp19, _tmp20)
 		}
 		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-				_tmp2.Code = _tmp21
-				if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-			}
-			_tmp1 = append(_tmp1, _tmp2)
-		}
-		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		_tmp0.Accesses = _tmp1
+		_tmp0.CodeChanges = _tmp19
 		if err := dec.ListEnd(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

core/types/bal/bal_test.go

@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ func equalBALs(a *BlockAccessList, b *BlockAccessList) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-func makeTestConstructionBAL() *ConstructionBlockAccessList {
-	return &ConstructionBlockAccessList{
-		map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccess{
+func makeTestConstructionBAL() *AccessListBuilder {
+	return &AccessListBuilder{
+		map[common.Address]*ConstructionAccountAccesses{
 			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0xff, 0xff}): {
 				StorageWrites: map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash{
 					common.BytesToHash([]byte{0x01}): {
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ func makeTestConstructionBAL() *ConstructionBlockAccessList {
 					1: 2,
 					2: 6,
 				},
-				CodeChange: &CodeChange{
-					TxIndex: 0,
+				CodeChanges: map[uint16]CodeChange{0: {
+					TxIdx: 0,
 					Code:  common.Hex2Bytes("deadbeef"),
-				},
+				}},
 			},
 			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0xff, 0xff, 0xff}): {
 				StorageWrites: map[common.Hash]map[uint16]common.Hash{
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ func TestBALEncoding(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := dec.DecodeRLP(rlp.NewStream(bytes.NewReader(buf.Bytes()), 10000000)); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("decoding failed: %v\n", err)
 	}
-	if dec.Hash() != bal.toEncodingObj().Hash() {
+	if dec.Hash() != bal.ToEncodingObj().Hash() {
 		t.Fatalf("encoded block hash doesn't match decoded")
 	}
-	if !equalBALs(bal.toEncodingObj(), &dec) {
+	if !equalBALs(bal.ToEncodingObj(), &dec) {
 		t.Fatal("decoded BAL doesn't match")
 	}
 }
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func TestBALEncoding(t *testing.T) {
 func makeTestAccountAccess(sort bool) AccountAccess {
 	var (
 		storageWrites []encodingSlotWrites
-		storageReads  [][32]byte
+		storageReads  []common.Hash
 		balances      []encodingBalanceChange
 		nonces        []encodingAccountNonce
 	)
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func makeTestAccountAccess(sort bool) AccountAccess {
 		storageReads = append(storageReads, testrand.Hash())
 	}
 	if sort {
-		slices.SortFunc(storageReads, func(a, b [32]byte) int {
+		slices.SortFunc(storageReads, func(a, b common.Hash) int {
 			return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
 		})
 	}
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func makeTestAccountAccess(sort bool) AccountAccess {
 	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
 		balances = append(balances, encodingBalanceChange{
 			TxIdx:   uint16(2 * i),
-			Balance: [16]byte(testrand.Bytes(16)),
+			Balance: new(uint256.Int).SetBytes(testrand.Bytes(32)),
 		})
 	}
 	if sort {
@@ -175,13 +175,13 @@ func makeTestAccountAccess(sort bool) AccountAccess {
 
 	return AccountAccess{
 		Address:        [20]byte(testrand.Bytes(20)),
-		StorageWrites:  storageWrites,
+		StorageChanges: storageWrites,
 		StorageReads:   storageReads,
 		BalanceChanges: balances,
 		NonceChanges:   nonces,
-		Code: []CodeChange{
+		CodeChanges: []CodeChange{
 			{
-				TxIndex: 100,
+				TxIdx: 100,
 				Code:  testrand.Bytes(256),
 			},
 		},
@@ -191,10 +191,10 @@ func makeTestAccountAccess(sort bool) AccountAccess {
 func makeTestBAL(sort bool) BlockAccessList {
 	list := BlockAccessList{}
 	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		list.Accesses = append(list.Accesses, makeTestAccountAccess(sort))
+		list = append(list, makeTestAccountAccess(sort))
 	}
 	if sort {
-		slices.SortFunc(list.Accesses, func(a, b AccountAccess) int {
+		slices.SortFunc(list, func(a, b AccountAccess) int {
 			return bytes.Compare(a.Address[:], b.Address[:])
 		})
 	}
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ func TestBlockAccessListCopy(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Make sure the mutations on copy won't affect the origin
-	for _, aa := range cpyCpy.Accesses {
+	for _, aa := range cpyCpy {
 		for i := 0; i < len(aa.StorageReads); i++ {
 			aa.StorageReads[i] = [32]byte(testrand.Bytes(32))
 		}
@@ -245,8 +245,11 @@ func TestBlockAccessListValidation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Validate the derived block access list
 	cBAL := makeTestConstructionBAL()
-	listB := cBAL.toEncodingObj()
+	listB := cBAL.ToEncodingObj()
 	if err := listB.Validate(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Unexpected validation error: %v", err)
 	}
 }
+
+// BALReader test ideas
+// * BAL which doesn't have any pre-tx system contracts should return an empty state diff at idx 0

core/types/block.go

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types/bal"
+
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
@@ -106,6 +108,9 @@ type Header struct {
 
 	// RequestsHash was added by EIP-7685 and is ignored in legacy headers.
 	RequestsHash *common.Hash `json:"requestsHash" rlp:"optional"`
+
+	// BlockAccessListHash was added by EIP-7928 and is ignored in legacy headers.
+	BlockAccessListHash *common.Hash `json:"balHash" rlp:"optional"`
 }
 
 // field type overrides for gencodec
@@ -184,6 +189,7 @@ type Body struct {
 	Transactions []*Transaction
 	Uncles       []*Header
 	Withdrawals  []*Withdrawal        `rlp:"optional"`
+	AccessList   *bal.BlockAccessList `rlp:"optional,nil"`
 }
 
 // Block represents an Ethereum block.
@@ -214,6 +220,8 @@ type Block struct {
 	// that process it.
 	witness *ExecutionWitness
 
+	accessList *bal.BlockAccessList
+
 	// caches
 	hash atomic.Pointer[common.Hash]
 	size atomic.Uint64
@@ -230,6 +238,7 @@ type extblock struct {
 	Txs         []*Transaction
 	Uncles      []*Header
 	Withdrawals []*Withdrawal        `rlp:"optional"`
+	AccessList  *bal.BlockAccessList `rlp:"optional"`
 }
 
 // NewBlock creates a new block. The input data is copied, changes to header and to the
@@ -290,6 +299,12 @@ func NewBlock(header *Header, body *Body, receipts []*Receipt, hasher ListHasher
 		b.withdrawals = slices.Clone(withdrawals)
 	}
 
+	if body.AccessList != nil {
+		balHash := body.AccessList.Hash()
+		b.header.BlockAccessListHash = &balHash
+		b.accessList = body.AccessList
+	}
+
 	return b
 }
 
@@ -334,12 +349,14 @@ func CopyHeader(h *Header) *Header {
 
 // DecodeRLP decodes a block from RLP.
 func (b *Block) DecodeRLP(s *rlp.Stream) error {
-	var eb extblock
+	var (
+		eb extblock
+	)
 	_, size, _ := s.Kind()
 	if err := s.Decode(&eb); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	b.header, b.uncles, b.transactions, b.withdrawals = eb.Header, eb.Uncles, eb.Txs, eb.Withdrawals
+	b.header, b.uncles, b.transactions, b.withdrawals, b.accessList = eb.Header, eb.Uncles, eb.Txs, eb.Withdrawals, eb.AccessList
 	b.size.Store(rlp.ListSize(size))
 	return nil
 }
@@ -351,13 +368,14 @@ func (b *Block) EncodeRLP(w io.Writer) error {
 		Txs:         b.transactions,
 		Uncles:      b.uncles,
 		Withdrawals: b.withdrawals,
+		AccessList:  b.accessList,
 	})
 }
 
 // Body returns the non-header content of the block.
 // Note the returned data is not an independent copy.
 func (b *Block) Body() *Body {
-	return &Body{b.transactions, b.uncles, b.withdrawals}
+	return &Body{b.transactions, b.uncles, b.withdrawals, b.accessList}
 }
 
 // Accessors for body data. These do not return a copy because the content
@@ -508,6 +526,10 @@ func (b *Block) WithBody(body Body) *Block {
 		withdrawals:  slices.Clone(body.Withdrawals),
 		witness:      b.witness,
 	}
+	if body.AccessList != nil {
+		balCopy := body.AccessList.Copy()
+		block.accessList = &balCopy
+	}
 	for i := range body.Uncles {
 		block.uncles[i] = CopyHeader(body.Uncles[i])
 	}
@@ -520,6 +542,7 @@ func (b *Block) WithWitness(witness *ExecutionWitness) *Block {
 		transactions: b.transactions,
 		uncles:       b.uncles,
 		withdrawals:  b.withdrawals,
+		accessList:   b.accessList,
 		witness:      witness,
 	}
 }

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -470,25 +470,32 @@ func (evm *EVM) StaticCall(caller common.Address, addr common.Address, input []b
 
 // create creates a new contract using code as deployment code.
 func (evm *EVM) create(caller common.Address, code []byte, gas uint64, value *uint256.Int, address common.Address, typ OpCode) (ret []byte, createAddress common.Address, leftOverGas uint64, err error) {
+	// Depth check execution. Fail if we're trying to execute above the
+	// limit.
+	var nonce uint64
+	if evm.depth > int(params.CallCreateDepth) {
+		err = ErrDepth
+	} else if !evm.Context.CanTransfer(evm.StateDB, caller, value) {
+		err = ErrInsufficientBalance
+	} else {
+		nonce = evm.StateDB.GetNonce(caller)
+		if nonce+1 < nonce {
+			err = ErrNonceUintOverflow
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err == nil {
+		evm.StateDB.SetNonce(caller, nonce+1, tracing.NonceChangeContractCreator)
+	}
 	if evm.Config.Tracer != nil {
 		evm.captureBegin(evm.depth, typ, caller, address, code, gas, value.ToBig())
 		defer func(startGas uint64) {
 			evm.captureEnd(evm.depth, startGas, leftOverGas, ret, err)
 		}(gas)
 	}
-	// Depth check execution. Fail if we're trying to execute above the
-	// limit.
-	if evm.depth > int(params.CallCreateDepth) {
-		return nil, common.Address{}, gas, ErrDepth
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, common.Address{}, gas, err
 	}
-	if !evm.Context.CanTransfer(evm.StateDB, caller, value) {
-		return nil, common.Address{}, gas, ErrInsufficientBalance
-	}
-	nonce := evm.StateDB.GetNonce(caller)
-	if nonce+1 < nonce {
-		return nil, common.Address{}, gas, ErrNonceUintOverflow
-	}
-	evm.StateDB.SetNonce(caller, nonce+1, tracing.NonceChangeContractCreator)
 
 	// Charge the contract creation init gas in verkle mode
 	if evm.chainRules.IsEIP4762 {
@@ -514,6 +521,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) create(caller common.Address, code []byte, gas uint64, value *ui
 	// - the storage is non-empty
 	contractHash := evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(address)
 	storageRoot := evm.StateDB.GetStorageRoot(address)
+
 	if evm.StateDB.GetNonce(address) != 0 ||
 		(contractHash != (common.Hash{}) && contractHash != types.EmptyCodeHash) || // non-empty code
 		(storageRoot != (common.Hash{}) && storageRoot != types.EmptyRootHash) { // non-empty storage
@@ -601,7 +609,9 @@ func (evm *EVM) initNewContract(contract *Contract, address common.Address) ([]b
 		}
 	}
 
+	if len(ret) > 0 {
 		evm.StateDB.SetCode(address, ret, tracing.CodeChangeContractCreation)
+	}
 	return ret, nil
 }
 

core/vm/instructions.go

@@ -887,7 +887,9 @@ func opSelfdestruct(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 	beneficiary := scope.Stack.pop()
 	balance := evm.StateDB.GetBalance(scope.Contract.Address())
+	if scope.Contract.Address() != common.BytesToAddress(beneficiary.Bytes()) {
 		evm.StateDB.AddBalance(beneficiary.Bytes20(), balance, tracing.BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct)
+	}
 	evm.StateDB.SelfDestruct(scope.Contract.Address())
 	if tracer := evm.Config.Tracer; tracer != nil {
 		if tracer.OnEnter != nil {
@@ -906,8 +908,23 @@ func opSelfdestruct6780(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, erro
 	}
 	beneficiary := scope.Stack.pop()
 	balance := evm.StateDB.GetBalance(scope.Contract.Address())
+
+	createdInTx := !evm.StateDB.ExistBeforeCurTx(scope.Contract.Address())
+
+	if createdInTx {
+		// if the contract is not preexisting, the balance is immediately burned on selfdestruct-to-self
+		evm.StateDB.SubBalance(scope.Contract.Address(), balance, tracing.BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct)
+		if scope.Contract.Address() != common.BytesToAddress(beneficiary.Bytes()) {
+			evm.StateDB.AddBalance(beneficiary.Bytes20(), balance, tracing.BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// if the contract is preexisting, the balance isn't burned on selfdestruct-to-self
+		if scope.Contract.Address() != common.BytesToAddress(beneficiary.Bytes()) {
 			evm.StateDB.SubBalance(scope.Contract.Address(), balance, tracing.BalanceDecreaseSelfdestruct)
 			evm.StateDB.AddBalance(beneficiary.Bytes20(), balance, tracing.BalanceIncreaseSelfdestruct)
+		}
+	}
+
 	evm.StateDB.SelfDestruct6780(scope.Contract.Address())
 	if tracer := evm.Config.Tracer; tracer != nil {
 		if tracer.OnEnter != nil {

core/vm/interface.go

@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ type StateDB interface {
 	// Exist reports whether the given account exists in state.
 	// Notably this also returns true for self-destructed accounts within the current transaction.
 	Exist(common.Address) bool
+	ExistBeforeCurTx(addr common.Address) bool
+
 	// Empty returns whether the given account is empty. Empty
 	// is defined according to EIP161 (balance = nonce = code = 0).
 	Empty(common.Address) bool
@@ -99,6 +101,8 @@ type StateDB interface {
 
 	AccessEvents() *state.AccessEvents
 
+	TxIndex() int
+
 	// Finalise must be invoked at the end of a transaction
 	Finalise(bool)
 }

core/vm/jump_table_export.go

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ func LookupInstructionSet(rules params.Rules) (JumpTable, error) {
 	switch {
 	case rules.IsVerkle:
 		return newCancunInstructionSet(), errors.New("verkle-fork not defined yet")
+	case rules.IsAmsterdam:
+		return newPragueInstructionSet(), nil
 	case rules.IsOsaka:
 		return newOsakaInstructionSet(), nil
 	case rules.IsPrague:

eth/api_debug.go

@@ -17,9 +17,11 @@
 package eth
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types/bal"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -505,7 +507,7 @@ func (api *DebugAPI) ExecutionWitness(bn rpc.BlockNumber) (*stateless.ExtWitness
 		return &stateless.ExtWitness{}, fmt.Errorf("block number %v found, but parent missing", bn)
 	}
 
-	result, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, false, true)
+	result, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, false, true, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -525,10 +527,40 @@ func (api *DebugAPI) ExecutionWitnessByHash(hash common.Hash) (*stateless.ExtWit
 		return &stateless.ExtWitness{}, fmt.Errorf("block number %x found, but parent missing", hash)
 	}
 
-	result, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, false, true)
+	result, err := bc.ProcessBlock(parent.Root, block, false, true, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	return result.Witness().ToExtWitness(), nil
 }
+
+// GetBlockAccessList returns a block access list for the given number/hash
+// or nil if one does not exist.
+func (api *DebugAPI) GetBlockAccessList(number rpc.BlockNumberOrHash) (*bal.BlockAccessList, error) {
+	var block *types.Block
+	if num := number.BlockNumber; num != nil {
+		block = api.eth.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(num.Int64()))
+	} else if hash := number.BlockHash; hash != nil {
+		block = api.eth.blockchain.GetBlockByHash(*hash)
+	}
+
+	if block == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block not found")
+	}
+	return block.Body().AccessList, nil
+}
+
+// GetEncodedBlockAccessList returns a block access list corresponding to a
+// block number/hash in RLP-encoded form.  It returns nil if one does not exist.
+func (api *DebugAPI) GetEncodedBlockAccessList(number rpc.BlockNumberOrHash) ([]byte, error) {
+	bal, err := api.GetBlockAccessList(number)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var enc bytes.Buffer
+	if err = bal.EncodeRLP(&enc); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return enc.Bytes(), nil
+}

eth/backend.go

@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ func New(stack *node.Node, config *ethconfig.Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
 			// - DATADIR/triedb/verkle.journal
 			TrieJournalDirectory: stack.ResolvePath("triedb"),
 			StateSizeTracking:    config.EnableStateSizeTracking,
+			EnableBALForTesting:  config.ExperimentalBAL,
 		}
 	)
 	if config.VMTrace != "" {

eth/ethconfig/config.go

@@ -189,6 +189,13 @@ type Config struct {
 	// EIP-7966: eth_sendRawTransactionSync timeouts
 	TxSyncDefaultTimeout time.Duration `toml:",omitempty"`
 	TxSyncMaxTimeout     time.Duration `toml:",omitempty"`
+
+	// ExperimentalBAL enables EIP-7928 block access list creation during execution
+	// of post Cancun blocks, and persistence via embedding the BAL in the block body.
+	//
+	// TODO: also note that it will cause execution of blocks with access lists to base
+	// their execution on the BAL.
+	ExperimentalBAL bool `toml:",omitempty"`
 }
 
 // CreateConsensusEngine creates a consensus engine for the given chain config.

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -975,6 +975,9 @@ func RPCMarshalBlock(block *types.Block, inclTx bool, fullTx bool, config *param
 	if block.Withdrawals() != nil {
 		fields["withdrawals"] = block.Withdrawals()
 	}
+	if block.Body().AccessList != nil {
+		fields["accessList"] = block.Body().AccessList
+	}
 	return fields
 }
 

internal/ethapi/simulate.go

@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ func (sim *simulator) processBlock(ctx context.Context, block *simBlock, header,
 	}
 	blockBody := &types.Body{Transactions: txes, Withdrawals: *block.BlockOverrides.Withdrawals}
 	chainHeadReader := &simChainHeadReader{ctx, sim.b}
-	b, err := sim.b.Engine().FinalizeAndAssemble(chainHeadReader, header, sim.state, blockBody, receipts)
+	b, err := sim.b.Engine().FinalizeAndAssemble(chainHeadReader, header, sim.state, blockBody, receipts, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, err
 	}

internal/web3ext/web3ext.go

@@ -474,6 +474,16 @@ web3._extend({
 			params: 1,
 			inputFormatter: [null],
 		}),
+		new web3._extend.Method({
+			name: 'getBlockAccessList',
+			call: 'debug_getBlockAccessList',
+			params: 1
+		}),
+		new web3._extend.Method({
+			name: 'getEncodedBlockAccessList',
+			call: 'debug_getEncodedBlockAccessList',
+			params: 1
+		}),
 	],
 	properties: []
 });

tests/block_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package tests
 
 import (
 	"math/rand"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -67,13 +68,119 @@ func TestBlockchain(t *testing.T) {
 	bt.skipLoad(`.*\.meta/.*`)
 
 	bt.walk(t, blockTestDir, func(t *testing.T, name string, test *BlockTest) {
-		execBlockTest(t, bt, test)
+		execBlockTest(t, bt, test, false)
 	})
 	// There is also a LegacyTests folder, containing blockchain tests generated
 	// prior to Istanbul. However, they are all derived from GeneralStateTests,
 	// which run natively, so there's no reason to run them here.
 }
 
+func TestBlockchainBAL(t *testing.T) {
+	bt := new(testMatcher)
+
+	// We are running most of GeneralStatetests to tests witness support, even
+	// though they are ran as state tests too. Still, the performance tests are
+	// less about state andmore about EVM number crunching, so skip those.
+	bt.skipLoad(`^GeneralStateTests/VMTests/vmPerformance`)
+
+	// Skip random failures due to selfish mining test
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcForgedTest/bcForkUncle\.json`)
+
+	// Slow tests
+	bt.slow(`.*bcExploitTest/DelegateCallSpam.json`)
+	bt.slow(`.*bcExploitTest/ShanghaiLove.json`)
+	bt.slow(`.*bcExploitTest/SuicideIssue.json`)
+	bt.slow(`.*/bcForkStressTest/`)
+	bt.slow(`.*/bcGasPricerTest/RPC_API_Test.json`)
+	bt.slow(`.*/bcWalletTest/`)
+
+	// Very slow test
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*/stTimeConsuming/.*`)
+	// test takes a lot for time and goes easily OOM because of sha3 calculation on a huge range,
+	// using 4.6 TGas
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*randomStatetest94.json.*`)
+
+	// After the merge we would accept side chains as canonical even if they have lower td
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcMultiChainTest/ChainAtoChainB_difficultyB.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcMultiChainTest/CallContractFromNotBestBlock.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcTotalDifficultyTest/uncleBlockAtBlock3afterBlock4.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcTotalDifficultyTest/lotsOfBranchesOverrideAtTheMiddle.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcTotalDifficultyTest/sideChainWithMoreTransactions.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcForkStressTest/ForkStressTest.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcMultiChainTest/lotsOfLeafs.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcFrontierToHomestead/blockChainFrontierWithLargerTDvsHomesteadBlockchain.json`)
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcFrontierToHomestead/blockChainFrontierWithLargerTDvsHomesteadBlockchain2.json`)
+
+	// With chain history removal, TDs become unavailable, this transition tests based on TTD are unrunnable
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*bcArrowGlacierToParis/powToPosBlockRejection.json`)
+
+	// This directory contains no test.
+	bt.skipLoad(`.*\.meta/.*`)
+
+	bt.walk(t, blockTestDir, func(t *testing.T, name string, test *BlockTest) {
+		config, ok := Forks[test.json.Network]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("unsupported fork: %s\n", test.json.Network)
+		}
+		gspec := test.genesis(config)
+		// skip any tests which are not past the cancun fork (selfdestruct removal)
+		if gspec.Config.CancunTime == nil || *gspec.Config.CancunTime != 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		execBlockTest(t, bt, test, true)
+	})
+	// There is also a LegacyTests folder, containing blockchain tests generated
+	// prior to Istanbul. However, they are all derived from GeneralStateTests,
+	// which run natively, so there's no reason to run them here.
+}
+
+// TestExecutionSpecBlocktests runs the test fixtures from execution-spec-tests.
+// TODO: rename this to reflect that it tests creating/verifying BALs on pre-amsterdam tests
+func TestExecutionSpecBlocktestsBAL(t *testing.T) {
+	if !common.FileExist(executionSpecBlockchainTestDir) {
+		t.Skipf("directory %s does not exist", executionSpecBlockchainTestDir)
+	}
+	bt := new(testMatcher)
+
+	bt.skipLoad(".*prague/eip7251_consolidations/contract_deployment/system_contract_deployment.json")
+	bt.skipLoad(".*prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/contract_deployment/system_contract_deployment.json")
+
+	bt.walk(t, executionSpecBlockchainTestDir, func(t *testing.T, name string, test *BlockTest) {
+		config, ok := Forks[test.json.Network]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("unsupported fork: %s\n", test.json.Network)
+		}
+		gspec := test.genesis(config)
+		// skip any tests which are not past the cancun fork (selfdestruct removal)
+		if gspec.Config.CancunTime == nil || *gspec.Config.CancunTime != 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		execBlockTest(t, bt, test, true)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestExecutionSpecBlocktestsAmsterdam(t *testing.T) {
+	var executionSpecAmsterdamBlockchainTestDir = filepath.Join(".", "fixtures-amsterdam-bal", "blockchain_tests")
+	if !common.FileExist(executionSpecAmsterdamBlockchainTestDir) {
+		t.Skipf("directory %s does not exist", executionSpecAmsterdamBlockchainTestDir)
+	}
+	bt := new(testMatcher)
+
+	bt.walk(t, executionSpecAmsterdamBlockchainTestDir, func(t *testing.T, name string, test *BlockTest) {
+		config, ok := Forks[test.json.Network]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("unsupported fork: %s\n", test.json.Network)
+		}
+		gspec := test.genesis(config)
+		// skip any tests which are not past the cancun fork (selfdestruct removal)
+		if gspec.Config.CancunTime == nil || *gspec.Config.CancunTime != 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		// TODO: skip any tests that aren't amsterdam
+		execBlockTest(t, bt, test, false)
+	})
+}
+
 // TestExecutionSpecBlocktests runs the test fixtures from execution-spec-tests.
 func TestExecutionSpecBlocktests(t *testing.T) {
 	if !common.FileExist(executionSpecBlockchainTestDir) {
@@ -86,11 +193,11 @@ func TestExecutionSpecBlocktests(t *testing.T) {
 	bt.skipLoad(".*prague/eip7002_el_triggerable_withdrawals/test_system_contract_deployment.json")
 
 	bt.walk(t, executionSpecBlockchainTestDir, func(t *testing.T, name string, test *BlockTest) {
-		execBlockTest(t, bt, test)
+		execBlockTest(t, bt, test, false)
 	})
 }
 
-func execBlockTest(t *testing.T, bt *testMatcher, test *BlockTest) {
+func execBlockTest(t *testing.T, bt *testMatcher, test *BlockTest, buildAndVerifyBAL bool) {
 	// Define all the different flag combinations we should run the tests with,
 	// picking only one for short tests.
 	//
@@ -104,9 +211,11 @@ func execBlockTest(t *testing.T, bt *testMatcher, test *BlockTest) {
 		snapshotConf = []bool{snapshotConf[rand.Int()%2]}
 		dbschemeConf = []string{dbschemeConf[rand.Int()%2]}
 	}
+
 	for _, snapshot := range snapshotConf {
 		for _, dbscheme := range dbschemeConf {
-			if err := bt.checkFailure(t, test.Run(snapshot, dbscheme, true, nil, nil)); err != nil {
+			//tracer := logger.NewJSONLogger(&logger.Config{}, os.Stdout)
+			if err := bt.checkFailure(t, test.Run(snapshot, dbscheme, false, buildAndVerifyBAL, nil, nil)); err != nil {
 				t.Errorf("test with config {snapshotter:%v, scheme:%v} failed: %v", snapshot, dbscheme, err)
 				return
 			}

tests/block_test_util.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types/bal"
 	stdmath "math"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ type btBlock struct {
 	ExpectException string
 	Rlp             string
 	UncleHeaders    []*btHeader
+	AccessList      *bal.BlockAccessList `json:"blockAccessList,omitempty"`
 }
 
 //go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type btHeader -field-override btHeaderMarshaling -out gen_btheader.go
@@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ type btHeader struct {
 	BlobGasUsed           *uint64
 	ExcessBlobGas         *uint64
 	ParentBeaconBlockRoot *common.Hash
+	BlockAccessListHash   *common.Hash
 }
 
 type btHeaderMarshaling struct {
@@ -111,11 +114,7 @@ type btHeaderMarshaling struct {
 	ExcessBlobGas *math.HexOrDecimal64
 }
 
-func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, tracer *tracing.Hooks, postCheck func(error, *core.BlockChain)) (result error) {
-	config, ok := Forks[t.json.Network]
-	if !ok {
-		return UnsupportedForkError{t.json.Network}
-	}
+func (t *BlockTest) createTestBlockChain(config *params.ChainConfig, snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness, createAndVerifyBAL bool, tracer *tracing.Hooks) (*core.BlockChain, error) {
 	// import pre accounts & construct test genesis block & state root
 	var (
 		db    = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -128,7 +127,6 @@ func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, tracer *t
 	} else {
 		tconf.HashDB = hashdb.Defaults
 	}
-	// Commit genesis state
 	gspec := t.genesis(config)
 
 	// if ttd is not specified, set an arbitrary huge value
@@ -138,15 +136,15 @@ func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, tracer *t
 	triedb := triedb.NewDatabase(db, tconf)
 	gblock, err := gspec.Commit(db, triedb)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
 	triedb.Close() // close the db to prevent memory leak
 
 	if gblock.Hash() != t.json.Genesis.Hash {
-		return fmt.Errorf("genesis block hash doesn't match test: computed=%x, test=%x", gblock.Hash().Bytes()[:6], t.json.Genesis.Hash[:6])
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("genesis block hash doesn't match test: computed=%x, test=%x", gblock.Hash().Bytes()[:6], t.json.Genesis.Hash[:6])
 	}
 	if gblock.Root() != t.json.Genesis.StateRoot {
-		return fmt.Errorf("genesis block state root does not match test: computed=%x, test=%x", gblock.Root().Bytes()[:6], t.json.Genesis.StateRoot[:6])
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("genesis block state root does not match test: computed=%x, test=%x", gblock.Root().Bytes()[:6], t.json.Genesis.StateRoot[:6])
 	}
 	// Wrap the original engine within the beacon-engine
 	engine := beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker())
@@ -160,12 +158,28 @@ func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, tracer *t
 			Tracer:                  tracer,
 			StatelessSelfValidation: witness,
 		},
+		NoPrefetch:          true,
+		EnableBALForTesting: createAndVerifyBAL,
 	}
 	if snapshotter {
 		options.SnapshotLimit = 1
 		options.SnapshotWait = true
 	}
 	chain, err := core.NewBlockChain(db, gspec, engine, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return chain, nil
+}
+
+func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, createAndVerifyBAL bool, tracer *tracing.Hooks, postCheck func(error, *core.BlockChain)) (result error) {
+	config, ok := Forks[t.json.Network]
+	if !ok {
+		return UnsupportedForkError{t.json.Network}
+	}
+	// import pre accounts & construct test genesis block & state root
+
+	chain, err := t.createTestBlockChain(config, snapshotter, scheme, witness, createAndVerifyBAL, tracer)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -199,7 +213,50 @@ func (t *BlockTest) Run(snapshotter bool, scheme string, witness bool, tracer *t
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	return t.validateImportedHeaders(chain, validBlocks)
+	err = t.validateImportedHeaders(chain, validBlocks)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if createAndVerifyBAL {
+		newChain, _ := t.createTestBlockChain(config, snapshotter, scheme, witness, createAndVerifyBAL, tracer)
+		defer newChain.Stop()
+
+		var blocksWithBAL types.Blocks
+		for i := uint64(1); i <= chain.CurrentBlock().Number.Uint64(); i++ {
+			block := chain.GetBlockByNumber(i)
+			if block.Body().AccessList == nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("block %d missing BAL", block.NumberU64())
+			}
+			blocksWithBAL = append(blocksWithBAL, block)
+		}
+
+		amt, err := newChain.InsertChain(blocksWithBAL)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_ = amt
+		newDB, err := newChain.State()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err = t.validatePostState(newDB); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("post state validation failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		// Cross-check the snapshot-to-hash against the trie hash
+		if snapshotter {
+			if newChain.Snapshots() != nil {
+				if err := chain.Snapshots().Verify(chain.CurrentBlock().Root); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		err = t.validateImportedHeaders(newChain, validBlocks)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (t *BlockTest) genesis(config *params.ChainConfig) *core.Genesis {
@@ -218,6 +275,7 @@ func (t *BlockTest) genesis(config *params.ChainConfig) *core.Genesis {
 		BaseFee:             t.json.Genesis.BaseFeePerGas,
 		BlobGasUsed:         t.json.Genesis.BlobGasUsed,
 		ExcessBlobGas:       t.json.Genesis.ExcessBlobGas,
+		BlockAccessListHash: t.json.Genesis.BlockAccessListHash,
 	}
 }
 

tests/init.go

@@ -493,6 +493,38 @@ var Forks = map[string]*params.ChainConfig{
 			BPO1:   bpo1BlobConfig,
 		},
 	},
+	"Amsterdam": {
+		ChainID:                 big.NewInt(1),
+		HomesteadBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+		EIP150Block:             big.NewInt(0),
+		EIP155Block:             big.NewInt(0),
+		EIP158Block:             big.NewInt(0),
+		ByzantiumBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+		ConstantinopleBlock:     big.NewInt(0),
+		PetersburgBlock:         big.NewInt(0),
+		IstanbulBlock:           big.NewInt(0),
+		MuirGlacierBlock:        big.NewInt(0),
+		BerlinBlock:             big.NewInt(0),
+		LondonBlock:             big.NewInt(0),
+		ArrowGlacierBlock:       big.NewInt(0),
+		MergeNetsplitBlock:      big.NewInt(0),
+		TerminalTotalDifficulty: big.NewInt(0),
+		ShanghaiTime:            u64(0),
+		CancunTime:              u64(0),
+		PragueTime:              u64(0),
+		OsakaTime:               u64(0),
+		BPO1Time:                u64(0),
+		BPO2Time:                u64(0),
+		AmsterdamTime:           u64(0),
+		DepositContractAddress:  params.MainnetChainConfig.DepositContractAddress,
+		BlobScheduleConfig: &params.BlobScheduleConfig{
+			Cancun: params.DefaultCancunBlobConfig,
+			Prague: params.DefaultPragueBlobConfig,
+			Osaka:  params.DefaultOsakaBlobConfig,
+			BPO1:   bpo1BlobConfig,
+			BPO2:   bpo2BlobConfig,
+		},
+	},
 	"OsakaToBPO1AtTime15k": {
 		ChainID:                 big.NewInt(1),
 		HomesteadBlock:          big.NewInt(0),