Merge branch 'master' into clean-shutdown

.gitea/workflows/release-azure-cleanup.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 14 * * *'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  azure-cleanup:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.24
+        cache: false
+
+    - name: Run cleanup script
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go purge -store gethstore/builds -days 14
+      env:
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}

.gitea/workflows/release-ppa.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 15 * * *'
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "release/*"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  ppa:
+    name: PPA Upload
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.24
+        cache: false
+
+    - name: Install deb toolchain
+      run: |
+        apt-get update
+        apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install devscripts debhelper dput fakeroot
+
+    - name: Add launchpad to known_hosts
+      run: |
+        echo '|1|7SiYPr9xl3uctzovOTj4gMwAC1M=|t6ReES75Bo/PxlOPJ6/GsGbTrM0= ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0aKz5UTUndYgIGG7dQBV+HaeuEZJ2xPHo2DS2iSKvUL4xNMSAY4UguNW+pX56nAQmZKIZZ8MaEvSj6zMEDiq6HFfn5JcTlM80UwlnyKe8B8p7Nk06PPQLrnmQt5fh0HmEcZx+JU9TZsfCHPnX7MNz4ELfZE6cFsclClrKim3BHUIGq//t93DllB+h4O9LHjEUsQ1Sr63irDLSutkLJD6RXchjROXkNirlcNVHH/jwLWR5RcYilNX7S5bIkK8NlWPjsn/8Ua5O7I9/YoE97PpO6i73DTGLh5H9JN/SITwCKBkgSDWUt61uPK3Y11Gty7o2lWsBjhBUm2Y38CBsoGmBw==' >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
+
+    - name: Run ci.go
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go debsrc -upload ethereum/ethereum -sftp-user geth-ci -signer "Go Ethereum Linux Builder <geth-ci@ethereum.org>"
+      env:
+        PPA_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.PPA_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        PPA_SSH_KEY: ${{ secrets.PPA_SSH_KEY }}

.gitea/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "master"
+    tags:
+      - "v*"
+
+jobs:
+  linux-intel:
+    name: Linux Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.24
+        cache: false
+
+    - name: Install cross toolchain
+      run: |
+        apt-get update
+        apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install gcc-multilib
+
+    - name: Build (amd64)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -arch amd64 -dlgo
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (amd64)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch amd64 -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+        rm -f build/bin/*
+      env:
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Build (386)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -arch 386 -dlgo
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (386)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch 386 -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+        rm -f build/bin/*
+      env:
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+  linux-arm:
+    name: Linux Build (arm)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.24
+        cache: false
+
+    - name: Install cross toolchain
+      run: |
+        apt-get update
+        apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi libc6-dev-armel-cross gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf libc6-dev-armhf-cross gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu libc6-dev-arm64-cross
+        ln -s /usr/include/asm-generic /usr/include/asm
+
+    - name: Build (arm64)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm64 -cc aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (arm64)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch arm64 -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+        rm -fr build/bin/*
+      env:
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Run build (arm5)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm -cc arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
+      env:
+        GOARM: "5"
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (arm5)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch arm -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+      env:
+        GOARM: "5"
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Run build (arm6)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm -cc arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
+      env:
+        GOARM: "6"
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (arm6)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch arm -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+        rm -fr build/bin/*
+      env:
+        GOARM: "6"
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+    - name: Run build (arm7)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm -cc arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
+      env:
+        GOARM: "7"
+
+    - name: Create/upload archive (arm7)
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go archive -arch arm -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
+        rm -fr build/bin/*
+      env:
+        GOARM: "7"
+        LINUX_SIGNING_KEY: ${{ secrets.LINUX_SIGNING_KEY }}
+        AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOBSTORE_TOKEN }}
+
+  docker:
+    name: Docker Image
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Set up QEMU
+      uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+
+    - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+    - name: Set up Go
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      with:
+        go-version: 1.24
+        cache: false
+
+    - name: Run docker build
+      env:
+        DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+        DOCKER_HUB_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_PASSWORD }}
+      run: |
+        go run build/ci.go dockerx -platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64 -upload

.travis.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ jobs:
   include:
     # This builder create and push the Docker images for all architectures
     - stage: build
-      if: type = push
+      if: type = push && tag ~= /^v[0-9]/
       os: linux
       arch: amd64
       dist: focal
@@ -21,9 +21,25 @@ jobs:
       script:
         - go run build/ci.go dockerx -platform "linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64" -hub ethereum/client-go -upload
 
+    # This builder does the Ubuntu PPA nightly uploads
+    - stage: build
+      if: type = push && tag ~= /^v[0-9]/
+      os: linux
+      dist: focal
+      go: 1.24.x
+      env:
+        - ubuntu-ppa
+      git:
+        submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
+      before_install:
+        - sudo -E apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install devscripts debhelper dput fakeroot
+      script:
+        - echo '|1|7SiYPr9xl3uctzovOTj4gMwAC1M=|t6ReES75Bo/PxlOPJ6/GsGbTrM0= ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0aKz5UTUndYgIGG7dQBV+HaeuEZJ2xPHo2DS2iSKvUL4xNMSAY4UguNW+pX56nAQmZKIZZ8MaEvSj6zMEDiq6HFfn5JcTlM80UwlnyKe8B8p7Nk06PPQLrnmQt5fh0HmEcZx+JU9TZsfCHPnX7MNz4ELfZE6cFsclClrKim3BHUIGq//t93DllB+h4O9LHjEUsQ1Sr63irDLSutkLJD6RXchjROXkNirlcNVHH/jwLWR5RcYilNX7S5bIkK8NlWPjsn/8Ua5O7I9/YoE97PpO6i73DTGLh5H9JN/SITwCKBkgSDWUt61uPK3Y11Gty7o2lWsBjhBUm2Y38CBsoGmBw==' >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
+        - go run build/ci.go debsrc -upload ethereum/ethereum -sftp-user geth-ci -signer "Go Ethereum Linux Builder <geth-ci@ethereum.org>"
+
     # This builder does the Linux Azure uploads
     - stage: build
-      if: type = push
+      if: type = push && tag ~= /^v[0-9]/
       os: linux
       dist: focal
       sudo: required
@@ -56,40 +72,6 @@ jobs:
         - go run build/ci.go install -dlgo -arch arm64 -cc aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
         - go run build/ci.go archive -arch arm64 -type tar -signer LINUX_SIGNING_KEY -signify SIGNIFY_KEY -upload gethstore/builds
 
-    # These builders run the tests
-    - stage: build
-      if: type = push
-      os: linux
-      arch: amd64
-      dist: focal
-      go: 1.24.x
-      script:
-        - travis_wait 45 go run build/ci.go test $TEST_PACKAGES
-
-    - stage: build
-      if: type = push
-      os: linux
-      dist: focal
-      go: 1.23.x
-      script:
-        - travis_wait 45 go run build/ci.go test $TEST_PACKAGES
-
-    # This builder does the Ubuntu PPA nightly uploads
-    - stage: build
-      if: type = cron || (type = push && tag ~= /^v[0-9]/)
-      os: linux
-      dist: focal
-      go: 1.24.x
-      env:
-        - ubuntu-ppa
-      git:
-        submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
-      before_install:
-        - sudo -E apt-get -yq --no-install-suggests --no-install-recommends install devscripts debhelper dput fakeroot
-      script:
-        - echo '|1|7SiYPr9xl3uctzovOTj4gMwAC1M=|t6ReES75Bo/PxlOPJ6/GsGbTrM0= ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA0aKz5UTUndYgIGG7dQBV+HaeuEZJ2xPHo2DS2iSKvUL4xNMSAY4UguNW+pX56nAQmZKIZZ8MaEvSj6zMEDiq6HFfn5JcTlM80UwlnyKe8B8p7Nk06PPQLrnmQt5fh0HmEcZx+JU9TZsfCHPnX7MNz4ELfZE6cFsclClrKim3BHUIGq//t93DllB+h4O9LHjEUsQ1Sr63irDLSutkLJD6RXchjROXkNirlcNVHH/jwLWR5RcYilNX7S5bIkK8NlWPjsn/8Ua5O7I9/YoE97PpO6i73DTGLh5H9JN/SITwCKBkgSDWUt61uPK3Y11Gty7o2lWsBjhBUm2Y38CBsoGmBw==' >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
-        - go run build/ci.go debsrc -upload ethereum/ethereum -sftp-user geth-ci -signer "Go Ethereum Linux Builder <geth-ci@ethereum.org>"
-
     # This builder does the Azure archive purges to avoid accumulating junk
     - stage: build
       if: type = cron
@@ -102,14 +84,3 @@ jobs:
         submodules: false # avoid cloning ethereum/tests
       script:
         - go run build/ci.go purge -store gethstore/builds -days 14
-
-    # This builder executes race tests
-    - stage: build
-      if: type = cron
-      os: linux
-      dist: focal
-      go: 1.24.x
-      env:
-        - racetests
-      script:
-        - travis_wait 60 go run build/ci.go test -race $TEST_PACKAGES

accounts/abi/error_handling.go

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ var (
 	errBadInt16    = errors.New("abi: improperly encoded int16 value")
 	errBadInt32    = errors.New("abi: improperly encoded int32 value")
 	errBadInt64    = errors.New("abi: improperly encoded int64 value")
+	errInvalidSign = errors.New("abi: negatively-signed value cannot be packed into uint parameter")
 )
 
 // formatSliceString formats the reflection kind with the given slice size

accounts/abi/pack.go

@@ -37,7 +37,16 @@ func packBytesSlice(bytes []byte, l int) []byte {
 // t.
 func packElement(t Type, reflectValue reflect.Value) ([]byte, error) {
 	switch t.T {
-	case IntTy, UintTy:
+	case UintTy:
+		// make sure to not pack a negative value into a uint type.
+		if reflectValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			val := new(big.Int).Set(reflectValue.Interface().(*big.Int))
+			if val.Sign() == -1 {
+				return nil, errInvalidSign
+			}
+		}
+		return packNum(reflectValue), nil
+	case IntTy:
 		return packNum(reflectValue), nil
 	case StringTy:
 		return packBytesSlice([]byte(reflectValue.String()), reflectValue.Len()), nil

accounts/abi/pack_test.go

@@ -177,6 +177,11 @@ func TestMethodPack(t *testing.T) {
 	if !bytes.Equal(packed, sig) {
 		t.Errorf("expected %x got %x", sig, packed)
 	}
+
+	// test that we can't pack a negative value for a parameter that is specified as a uint
+	if _, err := abi.Pack("send", big.NewInt(-1)); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when trying to pack negative big.Int into uint256 value")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestPackNumber(t *testing.T) {

accounts/abi/unpack_test.go

@@ -1014,128 +1014,134 @@ func TestPackAndUnpackIncompatibleNumber(t *testing.T) {
 	cases := []struct {
 		decodeType  string
 		inputValue  *big.Int
-		err         error
+		unpackErr   error
+		packErr     error
 		expectValue interface{}
 	}{
 		{
 			decodeType: "uint8",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxUint8 + 1),
-			err:        errBadUint8,
+			unpackErr:  errBadUint8,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "uint8",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxUint8),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: uint8(math.MaxUint8),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "uint16",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxUint16 + 1),
-			err:        errBadUint16,
+			unpackErr:  errBadUint16,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "uint16",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxUint16),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: uint16(math.MaxUint16),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "uint32",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxUint32 + 1),
-			err:        errBadUint32,
+			unpackErr:  errBadUint32,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "uint32",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxUint32),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: uint32(math.MaxUint32),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "uint64",
 			inputValue: maxU64Plus1,
-			err:        errBadUint64,
+			unpackErr:  errBadUint64,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "uint64",
 			inputValue:  maxU64,
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: uint64(math.MaxUint64),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "uint256",
 			inputValue:  maxU64Plus1,
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: maxU64Plus1,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "int8",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxInt8 + 1),
-			err:        errBadInt8,
+			unpackErr:  errBadInt8,
 		},
 		{
-			decodeType: "int8",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MinInt8 - 1),
-			err:        errBadInt8,
+			packErr:    errInvalidSign,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "int8",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxInt8),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: int8(math.MaxInt8),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "int16",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxInt16 + 1),
-			err:        errBadInt16,
+			unpackErr:  errBadInt16,
 		},
 		{
-			decodeType: "int16",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MinInt16 - 1),
-			err:        errBadInt16,
+			packErr:    errInvalidSign,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "int16",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxInt16),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: int16(math.MaxInt16),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "int32",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MaxInt32 + 1),
-			err:        errBadInt32,
+			unpackErr:  errBadInt32,
 		},
 		{
-			decodeType: "int32",
 			inputValue: big.NewInt(math.MinInt32 - 1),
-			err:        errBadInt32,
+			packErr:    errInvalidSign,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "int32",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxInt32),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: int32(math.MaxInt32),
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType: "int64",
 			inputValue: new(big.Int).Add(big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64), big.NewInt(1)),
-			err:        errBadInt64,
+			unpackErr:  errBadInt64,
 		},
 		{
-			decodeType: "int64",
 			inputValue: new(big.Int).Sub(big.NewInt(math.MinInt64), big.NewInt(1)),
-			err:        errBadInt64,
+			packErr:    errInvalidSign,
 		},
 		{
 			decodeType:  "int64",
 			inputValue:  big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64),
-			err:         nil,
+			unpackErr:   nil,
 			expectValue: int64(math.MaxInt64),
 		},
 	}
 	for i, testCase := range cases {
 		packed, err := encodeABI.Pack(testCase.inputValue)
-		if err != nil {
+		if testCase.packErr != nil {
-			panic(err)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatalf("expected packing of testcase input value to fail")
+			}
+			if err != testCase.packErr {
+				t.Fatalf("expected error '%v', got '%v'", testCase.packErr, err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if err != nil && err != testCase.packErr {
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error packing test-case input: %v", err))
 		}
 		ty, err := NewType(testCase.decodeType, "", nil)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1145,8 +1151,8 @@ func TestPackAndUnpackIncompatibleNumber(t *testing.T) {
 			{Type: ty},
 		}
 		decoded, err := decodeABI.Unpack(packed)
-		if err != testCase.err {
+		if err != testCase.unpackErr {
-			t.Fatalf("Expected error %v, actual error %v. case %d", testCase.err, err, i)
+			t.Fatalf("Expected error %v, actual error %v. case %d", testCase.unpackErr, err, i)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
 			continue

beacon/engine/types.go

@@ -123,6 +123,11 @@ type BlobAndProofV1 struct {
 	Proof hexutil.Bytes `json:"proof"`
 }
 
+type BlobAndProofV2 struct {
+	Blob       hexutil.Bytes   `json:"blob"`
+	CellProofs []hexutil.Bytes `json:"proofs"`
+}
+
 // JSON type overrides for ExecutionPayloadEnvelope.
 type executionPayloadEnvelopeMarshaling struct {
 	BlockValue *hexutil.Big
@@ -331,7 +336,9 @@ func BlockToExecutableData(block *types.Block, fees *big.Int, sidecars []*types.
 		for j := range sidecar.Blobs {
 			bundle.Blobs = append(bundle.Blobs, hexutil.Bytes(sidecar.Blobs[j][:]))
 			bundle.Commitments = append(bundle.Commitments, hexutil.Bytes(sidecar.Commitments[j][:]))
-			bundle.Proofs = append(bundle.Proofs, hexutil.Bytes(sidecar.Proofs[j][:]))
+		}
+		for _, proof := range sidecar.Proofs {
+			bundle.Proofs = append(bundle.Proofs, hexutil.Bytes(proof[:]))
 		}
 	}
 

beacon/engine/types_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package engine
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
+)
+
+func TestBlobs(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		emptyBlob          = new(kzg4844.Blob)
+		emptyBlobCommit, _ = kzg4844.BlobToCommitment(emptyBlob)
+		emptyBlobProof, _  = kzg4844.ComputeBlobProof(emptyBlob, emptyBlobCommit)
+		emptyCellProof, _  = kzg4844.ComputeCellProofs(emptyBlob)
+	)
+	header := types.Header{}
+	block := types.NewBlock(&header, &types.Body{}, nil, nil)
+
+	sidecarWithoutCellProofs := &types.BlobTxSidecar{
+		Blobs:       []kzg4844.Blob{*emptyBlob},
+		Commitments: []kzg4844.Commitment{emptyBlobCommit},
+		Proofs:      []kzg4844.Proof{emptyBlobProof},
+	}
+	env := BlockToExecutableData(block, common.Big0, []*types.BlobTxSidecar{sidecarWithoutCellProofs}, nil)
+	if len(env.BlobsBundle.Proofs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expect 1 proof in blobs bundle, got %v", len(env.BlobsBundle.Proofs))
+	}
+
+	sidecarWithCellProofs := &types.BlobTxSidecar{
+		Blobs:       []kzg4844.Blob{*emptyBlob},
+		Commitments: []kzg4844.Commitment{emptyBlobCommit},
+		Proofs:      emptyCellProof,
+	}
+	env = BlockToExecutableData(block, common.Big0, []*types.BlobTxSidecar{sidecarWithCellProofs}, nil)
+	if len(env.BlobsBundle.Proofs) != 128 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expect 128 proofs in blobs bundle, got %v", len(env.BlobsBundle.Proofs))
+	}
+}

build/checksums.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # This file contains sha256 checksums of optional build dependencies.
 
-# version:spec-tests pectra-devnet-6@v1.0.0
+# version:spec-tests v4.5.0
 # https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases
-# https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/pectra-devnet-6%40v1.0.0/
+# https://github.com/ethereum/execution-spec-tests/releases/download/v4.5.0/
-b69211752a3029083c020dc635fe12156ca1a6725a08559da540a0337586a77e  fixtures_pectra-devnet-6.tar.gz
+58afb92a0075a2cb7c4dec1281f7cb88b21b02afbedad096b580f3f8cc14c54c  fixtures_develop.tar.gz
 
 # version:golang 1.24.3
 # https://go.dev/dl/

build/ci.go

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func doTest(cmdline []string) {
 // downloadSpecTestFixtures downloads and extracts the execution-spec-tests fixtures.
 func downloadSpecTestFixtures(csdb *download.ChecksumDB, cachedir string) string {
 	ext := ".tar.gz"
-	base := "fixtures_pectra-devnet-6" // TODO(s1na) rename once the version becomes part of the filename
+	base := "fixtures_develop"
 	archivePath := filepath.Join(cachedir, base+ext)
 	if err := csdb.DownloadFileFromKnownURL(archivePath); err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)

cmd/evm/eofparse.go

@@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of go-ethereum.
-//
-// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package main
-
-import (
-	"bufio"
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io/fs"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
-	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
-)
-
-var jt vm.JumpTable
-
-const initcode = "INITCODE"
-
-func init() {
-	jt = vm.NewEOFInstructionSetForTesting()
-}
-
-var (
-	hexFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-		Name:  "hex",
-		Usage: "Single container data parse and validation",
-	}
-	refTestFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
-		Name:  "test",
-		Usage: "Path to EOF validation reference test.",
-	}
-	eofParseCommand = &cli.Command{
-		Name:    "eofparse",
-		Aliases: []string{"eof"},
-		Usage:   "Parses hex eof container and returns validation errors (if any)",
-		Action:  eofParseAction,
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			hexFlag,
-			refTestFlag,
-		},
-	}
-	eofDumpCommand = &cli.Command{
-		Name:   "eofdump",
-		Usage:  "Parses hex eof container and prints out human-readable representation of the container.",
-		Action: eofDumpAction,
-		Flags: []cli.Flag{
-			hexFlag,
-		},
-	}
-)
-
-func eofParseAction(ctx *cli.Context) error {
-	// If `--test` is set, parse and validate the reference test at the provided path.
-	if ctx.IsSet(refTestFlag.Name) {
-		var (
-			file          = ctx.String(refTestFlag.Name)
-			executedTests int
-			passedTests   int
-		)
-		err := filepath.Walk(file, func(path string, info fs.FileInfo, err error) error {
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			if info.IsDir() {
-				return nil
-			}
-			log.Debug("Executing test", "name", info.Name())
-			passed, tot, err := executeTest(path)
-			passedTests += passed
-			executedTests += tot
-			return err
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		log.Info("Executed tests", "passed", passedTests, "total executed", executedTests)
-		return nil
-	}
-	// If `--hex` is set, parse and validate the hex string argument.
-	if ctx.IsSet(hexFlag.Name) {
-		if _, err := parseAndValidate(ctx.String(hexFlag.Name), false); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("err: %w", err)
-		}
-		fmt.Println("OK")
-		return nil
-	}
-	// If neither are passed in, read input from stdin.
-	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
-	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024*1024), 10*1024*1024)
-	for scanner.Scan() {
-		l := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
-		if strings.HasPrefix(l, "#") || l == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if _, err := parseAndValidate(l, false); err != nil {
-			fmt.Printf("err: %v\n", err)
-		} else {
-			fmt.Println("OK")
-		}
-	}
-	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
-		fmt.Println(err.Error())
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-type refTests struct {
-	Vectors map[string]eOFTest `json:"vectors"`
-}
-
-type eOFTest struct {
-	Code          string              `json:"code"`
-	Results       map[string]etResult `json:"results"`
-	ContainerKind string              `json:"containerKind"`
-}
-
-type etResult struct {
-	Result    bool   `json:"result"`
-	Exception string `json:"exception,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func executeTest(path string) (int, int, error) {
-	src, err := os.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
-	}
-	var testsByName map[string]refTests
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(src, &testsByName); err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
-	}
-	passed, total := 0, 0
-	for testsName, tests := range testsByName {
-		for name, tt := range tests.Vectors {
-			for fork, r := range tt.Results {
-				total++
-				_, err := parseAndValidate(tt.Code, tt.ContainerKind == initcode)
-				if r.Result && err != nil {
-					log.Error("Test failure, expected validation success", "name", testsName, "idx", name, "fork", fork, "err", err)
-					continue
-				}
-				if !r.Result && err == nil {
-					log.Error("Test failure, expected validation error", "name", testsName, "idx", name, "fork", fork, "have err", r.Exception, "err", err)
-					continue
-				}
-				passed++
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return passed, total, nil
-}
-
-func parseAndValidate(s string, isInitCode bool) (*vm.Container, error) {
-	if len(s) >= 2 && strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") {
-		s = s[2:]
-	}
-	b, err := hex.DecodeString(s)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to decode data: %w", err)
-	}
-	return parse(b, isInitCode)
-}
-
-func parse(b []byte, isInitCode bool) (*vm.Container, error) {
-	var c vm.Container
-	if err := c.UnmarshalBinary(b, isInitCode); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := c.ValidateCode(&jt, isInitCode); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &c, nil
-}
-
-func eofDumpAction(ctx *cli.Context) error {
-	// If `--hex` is set, parse and validate the hex string argument.
-	if ctx.IsSet(hexFlag.Name) {
-		return eofDump(ctx.String(hexFlag.Name))
-	}
-	// Otherwise read from stdin
-	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
-	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024*1024), 10*1024*1024)
-	for scanner.Scan() {
-		l := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
-		if strings.HasPrefix(l, "#") || l == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := eofDump(l); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		fmt.Println("")
-	}
-	return scanner.Err()
-}
-
-func eofDump(hexdata string) error {
-	if len(hexdata) >= 2 && strings.HasPrefix(hexdata, "0x") {
-		hexdata = hexdata[2:]
-	}
-	b, err := hex.DecodeString(hexdata)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode data: %w", err)
-	}
-	var c vm.Container
-	if err := c.UnmarshalBinary(b, false); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	fmt.Println(c.String())
-	return nil
-}

cmd/evm/eofparse_test.go

@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of go-ethereum.
-//
-// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package main
-
-import (
-	"bufio"
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
-)
-
-func FuzzEofParsing(f *testing.F) {
-	// Seed with corpus from execution-spec-tests
-	for i := 0; ; i++ {
-		fname := fmt.Sprintf("testdata/eof/eof_corpus_%d.txt", i)
-		corpus, err := os.Open(fname)
-		if err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-		f.Logf("Reading seed data from %v", fname)
-		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(corpus)
-		scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), 10*1024*1024)
-		for scanner.Scan() {
-			s := scanner.Text()
-			if len(s) >= 2 && strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") {
-				s = s[2:]
-			}
-			b, err := hex.DecodeString(s)
-			if err != nil {
-				panic(err) // rotten corpus
-			}
-			f.Add(b)
-		}
-		corpus.Close()
-		if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
-			panic(err) // rotten corpus
-		}
-	}
-	// And do the fuzzing
-	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, data []byte) {
-		var (
-			jt = vm.NewEOFInstructionSetForTesting()
-			c  vm.Container
-		)
-		cpy := common.CopyBytes(data)
-		if err := c.UnmarshalBinary(data, true); err == nil {
-			c.ValidateCode(&jt, true)
-			if have := c.MarshalBinary(); !bytes.Equal(have, data) {
-				t.Fatal("Unmarshal-> Marshal failure!")
-			}
-		}
-		if err := c.UnmarshalBinary(data, false); err == nil {
-			c.ValidateCode(&jt, false)
-			if have := c.MarshalBinary(); !bytes.Equal(have, data) {
-				t.Fatal("Unmarshal-> Marshal failure!")
-			}
-		}
-		if !bytes.Equal(cpy, data) {
-			panic("data modified during unmarshalling")
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestEofParseInitcode(t *testing.T) {
-	testEofParse(t, true, "testdata/eof/results.initcode.txt")
-}
-
-func TestEofParseRegular(t *testing.T) {
-	testEofParse(t, false, "testdata/eof/results.regular.txt")
-}
-
-func testEofParse(t *testing.T, isInitCode bool, wantFile string) {
-	var wantFn func() string
-	var wantLoc = 0
-	{ // Configure the want-reader
-		wants, err := os.Open(wantFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(wants)
-		scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), 10*1024*1024)
-		wantFn = func() string {
-			if scanner.Scan() {
-				wantLoc++
-				return scanner.Text()
-			}
-			return "end of file reached"
-		}
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; ; i++ {
-		fname := fmt.Sprintf("testdata/eof/eof_corpus_%d.txt", i)
-		corpus, err := os.Open(fname)
-		if err != nil {
-			break
-		}
-		t.Logf("# Reading seed data from %v", fname)
-		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(corpus)
-		scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), 10*1024*1024)
-		line := 1
-		for scanner.Scan() {
-			s := scanner.Text()
-			if len(s) >= 2 && strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") {
-				s = s[2:]
-			}
-			b, err := hex.DecodeString(s)
-			if err != nil {
-				panic(err) // rotten corpus
-			}
-			have := "OK"
-			if _, err := parse(b, isInitCode); err != nil {
-				have = fmt.Sprintf("ERR: %v", err)
-			}
-			if false { // Change this to generate the want-output
-				fmt.Printf("%v\n", have)
-			} else {
-				want := wantFn()
-				if have != want {
-					if len(want) > 100 {
-						want = want[:100]
-					}
-					if len(b) > 100 {
-						b = b[:100]
-					}
-					t.Errorf("%v:%d\n%v\ninput %x\nisInit: %v\nhave: %q\nwant: %q\n",
-						fname, line, fmt.Sprintf("%v:%d", wantFile, wantLoc), b, isInitCode, have, want)
-				}
-			}
-			line++
-		}
-		corpus.Close()
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkEofParse(b *testing.B) {
-	corpus, err := os.Open("testdata/eof/eof_benches.txt")
-	if err != nil {
-		b.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer corpus.Close()
-	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(corpus)
-	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024), 10*1024*1024)
-	line := 1
-	for scanner.Scan() {
-		s := scanner.Text()
-		if len(s) >= 2 && strings.HasPrefix(s, "0x") {
-			s = s[2:]
-		}
-		data, err := hex.DecodeString(s)
-		if err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err) // rotten corpus
-		}
-		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("test-%d", line), func(b *testing.B) {
-			b.ReportAllocs()
-			b.SetBytes(int64(len(data)))
-			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				_, _ = parse(data, false)
-			}
-		})
-		line++
-	}
-}

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go

@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 			}
 
 			// Set the receipt logs and create the bloom filter.
-			receipt.Logs = statedb.GetLogs(tx.Hash(), vmContext.BlockNumber.Uint64(), blockHash)
+			receipt.Logs = statedb.GetLogs(tx.Hash(), vmContext.BlockNumber.Uint64(), blockHash, vmContext.Time)
 			receipt.Bloom = types.CreateBloom(receipt)
 
 			// These three are non-consensus fields:

cmd/evm/main.go

@@ -210,8 +210,6 @@ func init() {
 		stateTransitionCommand,
 		transactionCommand,
 		blockBuilderCommand,
-		eofParseCommand,
-		eofDumpCommand,
 	}
 	app.Before = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		flags.MigrateGlobalFlags(ctx)

cmd/geth/chaincmd.go

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/era/eradl"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/node"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
@@ -277,10 +278,7 @@ func initGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		overrides.OverrideVerkle = &v
 	}
 
-	chaindb, err := stack.OpenDatabaseWithFreezer("chaindata", 0, 0, ctx.String(utils.AncientFlag.Name), "", false)
+	chaindb := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		utils.Fatalf("Failed to open database: %v", err)
-	}
 	defer chaindb.Close()
 
 	triedb := utils.MakeTrieDatabase(ctx, chaindb, ctx.Bool(utils.CachePreimagesFlag.Name), false, genesis.IsVerkle())
@@ -317,7 +315,7 @@ func dumpGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	// dump whatever already exists in the datadir
 	stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)
 
-	db, err := stack.OpenDatabase("chaindata", 0, 0, "", true)
+	db, err := stack.OpenDatabaseWithOptions("chaindata", node.DatabaseOptions{ReadOnly: true})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -725,8 +723,12 @@ func downloadEra(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	// Resolve the destination directory.
 	stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)
 	defer stack.Close()
+
 	ancients := stack.ResolveAncient("chaindata", "")
-	dir := filepath.Join(ancients, "era")
+	dir := filepath.Join(ancients, rawdb.ChainFreezerName, "era")
+	if ctx.IsSet(utils.EraFlag.Name) {
+		dir = filepath.Join(ancients, ctx.String(utils.EraFlag.Name))
+	}
 
 	baseURL := ctx.String(eraServerFlag.Name)
 	if baseURL == "" {

cmd/geth/config.go

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/cmd/utils"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/catalyst"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/ethconfig"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
@@ -180,6 +181,45 @@ func makeConfigNode(ctx *cli.Context) (*node.Node, gethConfig) {
 	return stack, cfg
 }
 
+// constructs the disclaimer text block which will be printed in the logs upon
+// startup when Geth is running in dev mode.
+func constructDevModeBanner(ctx *cli.Context, cfg gethConfig) string {
+	devModeBanner := `You are running Geth in --dev mode. Please note the following:
+
+  1. This mode is only intended for fast, iterative development without assumptions on
+     security or persistence.
+  2. The database is created in memory unless specified otherwise. Therefore, shutting down
+     your computer or losing power will wipe your entire block data and chain state for
+     your dev environment.
+  3. A random, pre-allocated developer account will be available and unlocked as
+     eth.coinbase, which can be used for testing. The random dev account is temporary,
+     stored on a ramdisk, and will be lost if your machine is restarted.
+  4. Mining is enabled by default. However, the client will only seal blocks if transactions
+     are pending in the mempool. The miner's minimum accepted gas price is 1.
+  5. Networking is disabled; there is no listen-address, the maximum number of peers is set
+     to 0, and discovery is disabled.
+`
+	if !ctx.IsSet(utils.DataDirFlag.Name) {
+		devModeBanner += fmt.Sprintf(`
+
+ Running in ephemeral mode.  The following account has been prefunded in the genesis:
+
+       Account
+       ------------------
+       0x%x (10^49 ETH)
+`, cfg.Eth.Miner.PendingFeeRecipient)
+		if cfg.Eth.Miner.PendingFeeRecipient == utils.DeveloperAddr {
+			devModeBanner += fmt.Sprintf(` 
+       Private Key
+       ------------------
+       0x%x
+`, crypto.FromECDSA(utils.DeveloperKey))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return devModeBanner
+}
+
 // makeFullNode loads geth configuration and creates the Ethereum backend.
 func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
 	stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx)
@@ -239,6 +279,11 @@ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
 		}
 		catalyst.RegisterSimulatedBeaconAPIs(stack, simBeacon)
 		stack.RegisterLifecycle(simBeacon)
+
+		banner := constructDevModeBanner(ctx, cfg)
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(banner, "\n") {
+			log.Warn(line)
+		}
 	} else if ctx.IsSet(utils.BeaconApiFlag.Name) {
 		// Start blsync mode.
 		srv := rpc.NewServer()

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -294,24 +294,6 @@ func prepare(ctx *cli.Context) {
 	case ctx.IsSet(utils.HoodiFlag.Name):
 		log.Info("Starting Geth on Hoodi testnet...")
 
-	case ctx.IsSet(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name):
-		log.Info("Starting Geth in ephemeral dev mode...")
-		log.Warn(`You are running Geth in --dev mode. Please note the following:
-
-  1. This mode is only intended for fast, iterative development without assumptions on
-     security or persistence.
-  2. The database is created in memory unless specified otherwise. Therefore, shutting down
-     your computer or losing power will wipe your entire block data and chain state for
-     your dev environment.
-  3. A random, pre-allocated developer account will be available and unlocked as
-     eth.coinbase, which can be used for testing. The random dev account is temporary,
-     stored on a ramdisk, and will be lost if your machine is restarted.
-  4. Mining is enabled by default. However, the client will only seal blocks if transactions
-     are pending in the mempool. The miner's minimum accepted gas price is 1.
-  5. Networking is disabled; there is no listen-address, the maximum number of peers is set
-     to 0, and discovery is disabled.
-`)
-
 	case !ctx.IsSet(utils.NetworkIdFlag.Name):
 		log.Info("Starting Geth on Ethereum mainnet...")
 	}

cmd/utils/flags.go

@@ -111,6 +111,11 @@ var (
 		Usage:    "Root directory for ancient data (default = inside chaindata)",
 		Category: flags.EthCategory,
 	}
+	EraFlag = &flags.DirectoryFlag{
+		Name:     "datadir.era",
+		Usage:    "Root directory for era1 history (default = inside ancient/chain)",
+		Category: flags.EthCategory,
+	}
 	MinFreeDiskSpaceFlag = &flags.DirectoryFlag{
 		Name:     "datadir.minfreedisk",
 		Usage:    "Minimum free disk space in MB, once reached triggers auto shut down (default = --cache.gc converted to MB, 0 = disabled)",
@@ -145,7 +150,7 @@ var (
 	}
 	SepoliaFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:     "sepolia",
-		Usage:    "Sepolia network: pre-configured proof-of-work test network",
+		Usage:    "Sepolia network: pre-configured proof-of-stake test network",
 		Category: flags.EthCategory,
 	}
 	HoleskyFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
@@ -977,6 +982,7 @@ var (
 	DatabaseFlags = []cli.Flag{
 		DataDirFlag,
 		AncientFlag,
+		EraFlag,
 		RemoteDBFlag,
 		DBEngineFlag,
 		StateSchemeFlag,
@@ -984,6 +990,12 @@ var (
 	}
 )
 
+// default account to prefund when running Geth in dev mode
+var (
+	DeveloperKey, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
+	DeveloperAddr   = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(DeveloperKey.PublicKey)
+)
+
 // MakeDataDir retrieves the currently requested data directory, terminating
 // if none (or the empty string) is specified. If the node is starting a testnet,
 // then a subdirectory of the specified datadir will be used.
@@ -1607,6 +1619,9 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 	if ctx.IsSet(AncientFlag.Name) {
 		cfg.DatabaseFreezer = ctx.String(AncientFlag.Name)
 	}
+	if ctx.IsSet(EraFlag.Name) {
+		cfg.DatabaseEra = ctx.String(EraFlag.Name)
+	}
 
 	if gcmode := ctx.String(GCModeFlag.Name); gcmode != "full" && gcmode != "archive" {
 		Fatalf("--%s must be either 'full' or 'archive'", GCModeFlag.Name)
@@ -1769,9 +1784,9 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 		} else if accs := ks.Accounts(); len(accs) > 0 {
 			developer = ks.Accounts()[0]
 		} else {
-			developer, err = ks.NewAccount(passphrase)
+			developer, err = ks.ImportECDSA(DeveloperKey, passphrase)
 			if err != nil {
-				Fatalf("Failed to create developer account: %v", err)
+				Fatalf("Failed to import developer account: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 		// Make sure the address is configured as fee recipient, otherwise
@@ -1786,14 +1801,18 @@ func SetEthConfig(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, cfg *ethconfig.Config) {
 		}
 		log.Info("Using developer account", "address", developer.Address)
 
-		// Create a new developer genesis block or reuse existing one
+		// configure default developer genesis which will be used unless a
+		// datadir is specified and a chain is preexisting at that location.
 		cfg.Genesis = core.DeveloperGenesisBlock(ctx.Uint64(DeveloperGasLimitFlag.Name), &developer.Address)
+
+		// If a datadir is specified, ensure that any preexisting chain in that location
+		// has a configuration that is compatible with dev mode: it must be merged at genesis.
 		if ctx.IsSet(DataDirFlag.Name) {
 			chaindb := tryMakeReadOnlyDatabase(ctx, stack)
 			if rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(chaindb, 0) != (common.Hash{}) {
-				cfg.Genesis = nil // fallback to db content
+				// signal fallback to preexisting chain on disk
+				cfg.Genesis = nil
 
-				//validate genesis has PoS enabled in block 0
 				genesis, err := core.ReadGenesis(chaindb)
 				if err != nil {
 					Fatalf("Could not read genesis from database: %v", err)
@@ -2072,7 +2091,15 @@ func MakeChainDatabase(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node, readonly bool) ethdb.
 		}
 		chainDb = remotedb.New(client)
 	default:
-		chainDb, err = stack.OpenDatabaseWithFreezer("chaindata", cache, handles, ctx.String(AncientFlag.Name), "eth/db/chaindata/", readonly)
+		options := node.DatabaseOptions{
+			ReadOnly:          readonly,
+			Cache:             cache,
+			Handles:           handles,
+			AncientsDirectory: ctx.String(AncientFlag.Name),
+			MetricsNamespace:  "eth/db/chaindata/",
+			EraDirectory:      ctx.String(EraFlag.Name),
+		}
+		chainDb, err = stack.OpenDatabaseWithOptions("chaindata", options)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		Fatalf("Could not open database: %v", err)

cmd/utils/history_test.go

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func TestHistoryImportAndExport(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Now import Era.
-	db2, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	db2, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(err)
 	}

cmd/workload/README.md

@@ -26,4 +26,5 @@ the following commands (in this directory) against a synced mainnet node:
 ```shell
 > go run . filtergen --queries queries/filter_queries_mainnet.json http://host:8545
 > go run . historygen --history-tests queries/history_mainnet.json http://host:8545
+> go run . tracegen --trace-tests queries/trace_mainnet.json http://host:8545
 ```

cmd/workload/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient/gethclient"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+type client struct {
+	Eth  *ethclient.Client
+	Geth *gethclient.Client
+	RPC  *rpc.Client
+}
+
+func makeClient(ctx *cli.Context) *client {
+	if ctx.NArg() < 1 {
+		exit("missing RPC endpoint URL as command-line argument")
+	}
+	url := ctx.Args().First()
+	cl, err := rpc.Dial(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("could not create RPC client at %s: %v", url, err))
+	}
+	return &client{
+		RPC:  cl,
+		Eth:  ethclient.NewClient(cl),
+		Geth: gethclient.New(cl),
+	}
+}
+
+type simpleBlock struct {
+	Number hexutil.Uint64 `json:"number"`
+	Hash   common.Hash    `json:"hash"`
+}
+
+type simpleTransaction struct {
+	Hash             common.Hash    `json:"hash"`
+	TransactionIndex hexutil.Uint64 `json:"transactionIndex"`
+}
+
+func (c *client) getBlockByHash(ctx context.Context, arg common.Hash, fullTx bool) (*simpleBlock, error) {
+	var r *simpleBlock
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockByHash", arg, fullTx)
+	return r, err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getBlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, arg uint64, fullTx bool) (*simpleBlock, error) {
+	var r *simpleBlock
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockByNumber", hexutil.Uint64(arg), fullTx)
+	return r, err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex(ctx context.Context, block common.Hash, index uint64) (*simpleTransaction, error) {
+	var r *simpleTransaction
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", block, hexutil.Uint64(index))
+	return r, err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(ctx context.Context, block uint64, index uint64) (*simpleTransaction, error) {
+	var r *simpleTransaction
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex", hexutil.Uint64(block), hexutil.Uint64(index))
+	return r, err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getBlockTransactionCountByHash(ctx context.Context, block common.Hash) (uint64, error) {
+	var r hexutil.Uint64
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash", block)
+	return uint64(r), err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getBlockTransactionCountByNumber(ctx context.Context, block uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	var r hexutil.Uint64
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber", hexutil.Uint64(block))
+	return uint64(r), err
+}
+
+func (c *client) getBlockReceipts(ctx context.Context, arg any) ([]*types.Receipt, error) {
+	var result []*types.Receipt
+	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getBlockReceipts", arg)
+	return result, err
+}

cmd/workload/filtertest.go

@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ func newFilterTestSuite(cfg testConfig) *filterTestSuite {
 	return s
 }
 
-func (s *filterTestSuite) allTests() []utesting.Test {
+func (s *filterTestSuite) allTests() []workloadTest {
-	return []utesting.Test{
+	return []workloadTest{
-		{Name: "Filter/ShortRange", Fn: s.filterShortRange},
+		newWorkLoadTest("Filter/ShortRange", s.filterShortRange),
-		{Name: "Filter/LongRange", Fn: s.filterLongRange, Slow: true},
+		newSlowWorkloadTest("Filter/LongRange", s.filterLongRange),
-		{Name: "Filter/FullRange", Fn: s.filterFullRange, Slow: true},
+		newSlowWorkloadTest("Filter/FullRange", s.filterFullRange),
 	}
 }
 

cmd/workload/historytest.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/utesting"
 )
 
@@ -65,40 +64,16 @@ func (s *historyTestSuite) loadTests() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (s *historyTestSuite) allTests() []utesting.Test {
+func (s *historyTestSuite) allTests() []workloadTest {
-	return []utesting.Test{
+	return []workloadTest{
-		{
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockByHash", s.testGetBlockByHash),
-			Name: "History/getBlockByHash",
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockByNumber", s.testGetBlockByNumber),
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockByHash,
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockReceiptsByHash", s.testGetBlockReceiptsByHash),
-		},
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockReceiptsByNumber", s.testGetBlockReceiptsByNumber),
-		{
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockTransactionCountByHash", s.testGetBlockTransactionCountByHash),
-			Name: "History/getBlockByNumber",
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getBlockTransactionCountByNumber", s.testGetBlockTransactionCountByNumber),
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockByNumber,
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", s.testGetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex),
-		},
+		newWorkLoadTest("History/getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex", s.testGetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex),
-		{
-			Name: "History/getBlockReceiptsByHash",
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockReceiptsByHash,
-		},
-		{
-			Name: "History/getBlockReceiptsByNumber",
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockReceiptsByNumber,
-		},
-		{
-			Name: "History/getBlockTransactionCountByHash",
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockTransactionCountByHash,
-		},
-		{
-			Name: "History/getBlockTransactionCountByNumber",
-			Fn:   s.testGetBlockTransactionCountByNumber,
-		},
-		{
-			Name: "History/getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex",
-			Fn:   s.testGetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex,
-		},
-		{
-			Name: "History/getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex",
-			Fn:   s.testGetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex,
-		},
 	}
 }
 
@@ -279,55 +254,3 @@ func (s *historyTestSuite) testGetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(t *utesting.T
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-type simpleBlock struct {
-	Number hexutil.Uint64 `json:"number"`
-	Hash   common.Hash    `json:"hash"`
-}
-
-type simpleTransaction struct {
-	Hash             common.Hash    `json:"hash"`
-	TransactionIndex hexutil.Uint64 `json:"transactionIndex"`
-}
-
-func (c *client) getBlockByHash(ctx context.Context, arg common.Hash, fullTx bool) (*simpleBlock, error) {
-	var r *simpleBlock
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockByHash", arg, fullTx)
-	return r, err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getBlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, arg uint64, fullTx bool) (*simpleBlock, error) {
-	var r *simpleBlock
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockByNumber", hexutil.Uint64(arg), fullTx)
-	return r, err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex(ctx context.Context, block common.Hash, index uint64) (*simpleTransaction, error) {
-	var r *simpleTransaction
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", block, hexutil.Uint64(index))
-	return r, err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(ctx context.Context, block uint64, index uint64) (*simpleTransaction, error) {
-	var r *simpleTransaction
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex", hexutil.Uint64(block), hexutil.Uint64(index))
-	return r, err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getBlockTransactionCountByHash(ctx context.Context, block common.Hash) (uint64, error) {
-	var r hexutil.Uint64
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash", block)
-	return uint64(r), err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getBlockTransactionCountByNumber(ctx context.Context, block uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	var r hexutil.Uint64
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber", hexutil.Uint64(block))
-	return uint64(r), err
-}
-
-func (c *client) getBlockReceipts(ctx context.Context, arg any) ([]*types.Receipt, error) {
-	var result []*types.Receipt
-	err := c.RPC.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getBlockReceipts", arg)
-	return result, err
-}

cmd/workload/historytestgen.go

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ var (
 	}
 	historyTestEarliestFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
 		Name:     "earliest",
-		Usage:    "JSON file containing filter test queries",
+		Usage:    "The earliest block to test queries",
 		Value:    0,
 		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
 	}
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func calcReceiptsHash(rcpt []*types.Receipt) common.Hash {
 func writeJSON(fileName string, value any) {
 	file, err := os.Create(fileName)
 	if err != nil {
-		exit(fmt.Errorf("Error creating %s: %v", fileName, err))
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("error creating %s: %v", fileName, err))
 		return
 	}
 	defer file.Close()

cmd/workload/main.go

@@ -20,10 +20,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/debug"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
@@ -49,6 +47,7 @@ func init() {
 		runTestCommand,
 		historyGenerateCommand,
 		filterGenerateCommand,
+		traceGenerateCommand,
 		filterPerfCommand,
 	}
 }
@@ -57,26 +56,6 @@ func main() {
 	exit(app.Run(os.Args))
 }
 
-type client struct {
-	Eth *ethclient.Client
-	RPC *rpc.Client
-}
-
-func makeClient(ctx *cli.Context) *client {
-	if ctx.NArg() < 1 {
-		exit("missing RPC endpoint URL as command-line argument")
-	}
-	url := ctx.Args().First()
-	cl, err := rpc.Dial(url)
-	if err != nil {
-		exit(fmt.Errorf("Could not create RPC client at %s: %v", url, err))
-	}
-	return &client{
-		RPC: cl,
-		Eth: ethclient.NewClient(cl),
-	}
-}
-
 func exit(err any) {
 	if err == nil {
 		os.Exit(0)

cmd/workload/testsuite.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io/fs"
 	"os"
-	"slices"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/history"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
@@ -45,10 +44,13 @@ var (
 			testPatternFlag,
 			testTAPFlag,
 			testSlowFlag,
+			testArchiveFlag,
 			testSepoliaFlag,
 			testMainnetFlag,
 			filterQueryFileFlag,
 			historyTestFileFlag,
+			traceTestFileFlag,
+			traceTestInvalidOutputFlag,
 		},
 	}
 	testPatternFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
@@ -67,6 +69,12 @@ var (
 		Value:    false,
 		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
 	}
+	testArchiveFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:     "archive",
+		Usage:    "Enable archive tests",
+		Value:    false,
+		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
+	}
 	testSepoliaFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{
 		Name:     "sepolia",
 		Usage:    "Use test cases for sepolia network",
@@ -86,6 +94,7 @@ type testConfig struct {
 	filterQueryFile   string
 	historyTestFile   string
 	historyPruneBlock *uint64
+	traceTestFile     string
 }
 
 var errPrunedHistory = fmt.Errorf("attempt to access pruned history")
@@ -125,36 +134,85 @@ func testConfigFromCLI(ctx *cli.Context) (cfg testConfig) {
 		cfg.historyTestFile = "queries/history_mainnet.json"
 		cfg.historyPruneBlock = new(uint64)
 		*cfg.historyPruneBlock = history.PrunePoints[params.MainnetGenesisHash].BlockNumber
+		cfg.traceTestFile = "queries/trace_mainnet.json"
 	case ctx.Bool(testSepoliaFlag.Name):
 		cfg.fsys = builtinTestFiles
 		cfg.filterQueryFile = "queries/filter_queries_sepolia.json"
 		cfg.historyTestFile = "queries/history_sepolia.json"
 		cfg.historyPruneBlock = new(uint64)
 		*cfg.historyPruneBlock = history.PrunePoints[params.SepoliaGenesisHash].BlockNumber
+		cfg.traceTestFile = "queries/trace_sepolia.json"
 	default:
 		cfg.fsys = os.DirFS(".")
 		cfg.filterQueryFile = ctx.String(filterQueryFileFlag.Name)
 		cfg.historyTestFile = ctx.String(historyTestFileFlag.Name)
+		cfg.traceTestFile = ctx.String(traceTestFileFlag.Name)
 	}
 	return cfg
 }
 
+// workloadTest represents a single test in the workload. It's a wrapper
+// of utesting.Test by adding a few additional attributes.
+type workloadTest struct {
+	utesting.Test
+
+	archive bool // Flag whether the archive node (full state history) is required for this test
+}
+
+func newWorkLoadTest(name string, fn func(t *utesting.T)) workloadTest {
+	return workloadTest{
+		Test: utesting.Test{
+			Name: name,
+			Fn:   fn,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func newSlowWorkloadTest(name string, fn func(t *utesting.T)) workloadTest {
+	t := newWorkLoadTest(name, fn)
+	t.Slow = true
+	return t
+}
+
+func newArchiveWorkloadTest(name string, fn func(t *utesting.T)) workloadTest {
+	t := newWorkLoadTest(name, fn)
+	t.archive = true
+	return t
+}
+
+func filterTests(tests []workloadTest, pattern string, filterFn func(t workloadTest) bool) []utesting.Test {
+	var utests []utesting.Test
+	for _, t := range tests {
+		if filterFn(t) {
+			utests = append(utests, t.Test)
+		}
+	}
+	if pattern == "" {
+		return utests
+	}
+	return utesting.MatchTests(utests, pattern)
+}
+
 func runTestCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	cfg := testConfigFromCLI(ctx)
 	filterSuite := newFilterTestSuite(cfg)
 	historySuite := newHistoryTestSuite(cfg)
+	traceSuite := newTraceTestSuite(cfg, ctx)
 
 	// Filter test cases.
 	tests := filterSuite.allTests()
 	tests = append(tests, historySuite.allTests()...)
-	if ctx.IsSet(testPatternFlag.Name) {
+	tests = append(tests, traceSuite.allTests()...)
-		tests = utesting.MatchTests(tests, ctx.String(testPatternFlag.Name))
+
+	utests := filterTests(tests, ctx.String(testPatternFlag.Name), func(t workloadTest) bool {
+		if t.Slow && !ctx.Bool(testSlowFlag.Name) {
+			return false
 		}
-	if !ctx.Bool(testSlowFlag.Name) {
+		if t.archive && !ctx.Bool(testArchiveFlag.Name) {
-		tests = slices.DeleteFunc(tests, func(test utesting.Test) bool {
+			return false
-			return test.Slow
+		}
+		return true
 	})
-	}
 
 	// Disable logging unless explicitly enabled.
 	if !ctx.IsSet("verbosity") && !ctx.IsSet("vmodule") {
@@ -166,7 +224,7 @@ func runTestCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	if ctx.Bool(testTAPFlag.Name) {
 		run = utesting.RunTAP
 	}
-	results := run(tests, os.Stdout)
+	results := run(utests, os.Stdout)
 	if utesting.CountFailures(results) > 0 {
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}

cmd/workload/tracetest.go

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/utesting"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+// traceTest is the content of a history test.
+type traceTest struct {
+	TxHashes     []common.Hash         `json:"txHashes"`
+	TraceConfigs []tracers.TraceConfig `json:"traceConfigs"`
+	ResultHashes []common.Hash         `json:"resultHashes"`
+}
+
+type traceTestSuite struct {
+	cfg        testConfig
+	tests      traceTest
+	invalidDir string
+}
+
+func newTraceTestSuite(cfg testConfig, ctx *cli.Context) *traceTestSuite {
+	s := &traceTestSuite{
+		cfg:        cfg,
+		invalidDir: ctx.String(traceTestInvalidOutputFlag.Name),
+	}
+	if err := s.loadTests(); err != nil {
+		exit(err)
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *traceTestSuite) loadTests() error {
+	file, err := s.cfg.fsys.Open(s.cfg.traceTestFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("can't open traceTestFile: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(file).Decode(&s.tests); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid JSON in %s: %v", s.cfg.traceTestFile, err)
+	}
+	if len(s.tests.TxHashes) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("traceTestFile %s has no test data", s.cfg.traceTestFile)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *traceTestSuite) allTests() []workloadTest {
+	return []workloadTest{
+		newArchiveWorkloadTest("Trace/Transaction", s.traceTransaction),
+	}
+}
+
+// traceTransaction runs all transaction tracing tests
+func (s *traceTestSuite) traceTransaction(t *utesting.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	for i, hash := range s.tests.TxHashes {
+		config := s.tests.TraceConfigs[i]
+		result, err := s.cfg.client.Geth.TraceTransaction(ctx, hash, &config)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Transaction %d (hash %v): error %v", i, hash, err)
+		}
+		blob, err := json.Marshal(result)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Transaction %d (hash %v): error %v", i, hash, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob) != s.tests.ResultHashes[i] {
+			t.Errorf("Transaction %d (hash %v): invalid result", i, hash)
+
+			writeInvalidTraceResult(s.invalidDir, hash, result)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func writeInvalidTraceResult(dir string, hash common.Hash, result any) {
+	if dir == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	err := os.MkdirAll(dir, os.ModePerm)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Info("Failed to make output directory", "err", err)
+		return
+	}
+	name := filepath.Join(dir, "invalid"+"_"+hash.String())
+	file, err := os.Create(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("error creating %s: %v", name, err))
+		return
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	data, _ := json.MarshalIndent(result, "", "    ")
+	_, err = file.Write(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("error writing %s: %v", name, err))
+		return
+	}
+}

cmd/workload/tracetestgen.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"math/rand"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers/logger"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var (
+	defaultBlocksToTrace = 64 // the number of states assumed to be available
+
+	traceGenerateCommand = &cli.Command{
+		Name:      "tracegen",
+		Usage:     "Generates tests for state tracing",
+		ArgsUsage: "<RPC endpoint URL>",
+		Action:    generateTraceTests,
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
+			traceTestFileFlag,
+			traceTestResultOutputFlag,
+			traceTestBlockFlag,
+		},
+	}
+
+	traceTestFileFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:     "trace-tests",
+		Usage:    "JSON file containing trace test queries",
+		Value:    "trace_tests.json",
+		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
+	}
+	traceTestResultOutputFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:     "trace-output",
+		Usage:    "Folder containing the trace output files",
+		Value:    "",
+		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
+	}
+	traceTestBlockFlag = &cli.IntFlag{
+		Name:     "trace-blocks",
+		Usage:    "The number of blocks for tracing",
+		Value:    defaultBlocksToTrace,
+		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
+	}
+	traceTestInvalidOutputFlag = &cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:     "trace-invalid",
+		Usage:    "Folder containing the mismatched trace output files",
+		Value:    "",
+		Category: flags.TestingCategory,
+	}
+)
+
+func generateTraceTests(clictx *cli.Context) error {
+	var (
+		client     = makeClient(clictx)
+		outputFile = clictx.String(traceTestFileFlag.Name)
+		outputDir  = clictx.String(traceTestResultOutputFlag.Name)
+		blocks     = clictx.Int(traceTestBlockFlag.Name)
+		ctx        = context.Background()
+		test       = new(traceTest)
+	)
+	if outputDir != "" {
+		err := os.MkdirAll(outputDir, os.ModePerm)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	latest, err := client.Eth.BlockNumber(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(err)
+	}
+	if latest < uint64(blocks) {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("node seems not synced, latest block is %d", latest))
+	}
+	// Get blocks and assign block info into the test
+	var (
+		start  = time.Now()
+		logged = time.Now()
+		failed int
+	)
+	log.Info("Trace transactions around the chain tip", "head", latest, "blocks", blocks)
+
+	for i := 0; i < blocks; i++ {
+		number := latest - uint64(i)
+		block, err := client.Eth.BlockByNumber(ctx, big.NewInt(int64(number)))
+		if err != nil {
+			exit(err)
+		}
+		for _, tx := range block.Transactions() {
+			config, configName := randomTraceOption()
+			result, err := client.Geth.TraceTransaction(ctx, tx.Hash(), config)
+			if err != nil {
+				failed += 1
+				break
+			}
+			blob, err := json.Marshal(result)
+			if err != nil {
+				failed += 1
+				break
+			}
+			test.TxHashes = append(test.TxHashes, tx.Hash())
+			test.TraceConfigs = append(test.TraceConfigs, *config)
+			test.ResultHashes = append(test.ResultHashes, crypto.Keccak256Hash(blob))
+			writeTraceResult(outputDir, tx.Hash(), result, configName)
+		}
+		if time.Since(logged) > time.Second*8 {
+			logged = time.Now()
+			log.Info("Tracing transactions", "executed", len(test.TxHashes), "failed", failed, "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
+		}
+	}
+	log.Info("Traced transactions", "executed", len(test.TxHashes), "failed", failed, "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
+
+	// Write output file.
+	writeJSON(outputFile, test)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func randomTraceOption() (*tracers.TraceConfig, string) {
+	x := rand.Intn(11)
+	if x == 0 {
+		// struct-logger, with all fields enabled, very heavy
+		return &tracers.TraceConfig{
+			Config: &logger.Config{
+				EnableMemory:     true,
+				EnableReturnData: true,
+			},
+		}, "structAll"
+	}
+	if x == 1 {
+		// default options for struct-logger, with stack and storage capture
+		// enabled
+		return &tracers.TraceConfig{
+			Config: &logger.Config{},
+		}, "structDefault"
+	}
+	if x == 2 || x == 3 || x == 4 {
+		// struct-logger with storage capture enabled
+		return &tracers.TraceConfig{
+			Config: &logger.Config{
+				DisableStack: true,
+			},
+		}, "structStorage"
+	}
+	// Native tracer
+	loggers := []string{"callTracer", "4byteTracer", "flatCallTracer", "muxTracer", "noopTracer", "prestateTracer"}
+	return &tracers.TraceConfig{
+		Tracer: &loggers[x-5],
+	}, loggers[x-5]
+}
+
+func writeTraceResult(dir string, hash common.Hash, result any, configName string) {
+	if dir == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	name := filepath.Join(dir, configName+"_"+hash.String())
+	file, err := os.Create(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("error creating %s: %v", name, err))
+		return
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	data, _ := json.MarshalIndent(result, "", "    ")
+	_, err = file.Write(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		exit(fmt.Errorf("error writing %s: %v", name, err))
+		return
+	}
+}

common/lru/basiclru.go

@@ -47,30 +47,37 @@ func NewBasicLRU[K comparable, V any](capacity int) BasicLRU[K, V] {
 
 // Add adds a value to the cache. Returns true if an item was evicted to store the new item.
 func (c *BasicLRU[K, V]) Add(key K, value V) (evicted bool) {
+	_, _, evicted = c.Add3(key, value)
+	return evicted
+}
+
+// Add3 adds a value to the cache. If an item was evicted to store the new one, it returns the evicted item.
+func (c *BasicLRU[K, V]) Add3(key K, value V) (ek K, ev V, evicted bool) {
 	item, ok := c.items[key]
 	if ok {
-		// Already exists in cache.
 		item.value = value
 		c.items[key] = item
 		c.list.moveToFront(item.elem)
-		return false
+		return ek, ev, false
 	}
 
 	var elem *listElem[K]
 	if c.Len() >= c.cap {
 		elem = c.list.removeLast()
-		delete(c.items, elem.v)
 		evicted = true
+		ek = elem.v
+		ev = c.items[ek].value
+		delete(c.items, ek)
 	} else {
 		elem = new(listElem[K])
 	}
 
 	// Store the new item.
-	// Note that, if another item was evicted, we re-use its list element here.
+	// Note that if another item was evicted, we re-use its list element here.
 	elem.v = key
 	c.items[key] = cacheItem[K, V]{elem, value}
 	c.list.pushElem(elem)
-	return evicted
+	return ek, ev, evicted
 }
 
 // Contains reports whether the given key exists in the cache.

consensus/beacon/consensus.go

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
 )
@@ -445,11 +444,6 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) CalcDifficulty(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, time uin
 	return beaconDifficulty
 }
 
-// APIs implements consensus.Engine, returning the user facing RPC APIs.
-func (beacon *Beacon) APIs(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) []rpc.API {
-	return beacon.ethone.APIs(chain)
-}
-
 // Close shutdowns the consensus engine
 func (beacon *Beacon) Close() error {
 	return beacon.ethone.Close()

consensus/clique/api.go

@@ -1,235 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package clique
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
-)
-
-// API is a user facing RPC API to allow controlling the signer and voting
-// mechanisms of the proof-of-authority scheme.
-type API struct {
-	chain  consensus.ChainHeaderReader
-	clique *Clique
-}
-
-// GetSnapshot retrieves the state snapshot at a given block.
-func (api *API) GetSnapshot(number *rpc.BlockNumber) (*Snapshot, error) {
-	// Retrieve the requested block number (or current if none requested)
-	var header *types.Header
-	if number == nil || *number == rpc.LatestBlockNumber {
-		header = api.chain.CurrentHeader()
-	} else {
-		header = api.chain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(number.Int64()))
-	}
-	// Ensure we have an actually valid block and return its snapshot
-	if header == nil {
-		return nil, errUnknownBlock
-	}
-	return api.clique.snapshot(api.chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
-}
-
-// GetSnapshotAtHash retrieves the state snapshot at a given block.
-func (api *API) GetSnapshotAtHash(hash common.Hash) (*Snapshot, error) {
-	header := api.chain.GetHeaderByHash(hash)
-	if header == nil {
-		return nil, errUnknownBlock
-	}
-	return api.clique.snapshot(api.chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
-}
-
-// GetSigners retrieves the list of authorized signers at the specified block.
-func (api *API) GetSigners(number *rpc.BlockNumber) ([]common.Address, error) {
-	// Retrieve the requested block number (or current if none requested)
-	var header *types.Header
-	if number == nil || *number == rpc.LatestBlockNumber {
-		header = api.chain.CurrentHeader()
-	} else {
-		header = api.chain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(number.Int64()))
-	}
-	// Ensure we have an actually valid block and return the signers from its snapshot
-	if header == nil {
-		return nil, errUnknownBlock
-	}
-	snap, err := api.clique.snapshot(api.chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return snap.signers(), nil
-}
-
-// GetSignersAtHash retrieves the list of authorized signers at the specified block.
-func (api *API) GetSignersAtHash(hash common.Hash) ([]common.Address, error) {
-	header := api.chain.GetHeaderByHash(hash)
-	if header == nil {
-		return nil, errUnknownBlock
-	}
-	snap, err := api.clique.snapshot(api.chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return snap.signers(), nil
-}
-
-// Proposals returns the current proposals the node tries to uphold and vote on.
-func (api *API) Proposals() map[common.Address]bool {
-	api.clique.lock.RLock()
-	defer api.clique.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	proposals := make(map[common.Address]bool)
-	for address, auth := range api.clique.proposals {
-		proposals[address] = auth
-	}
-	return proposals
-}
-
-// Propose injects a new authorization proposal that the signer will attempt to
-// push through.
-func (api *API) Propose(address common.Address, auth bool) {
-	api.clique.lock.Lock()
-	defer api.clique.lock.Unlock()
-
-	api.clique.proposals[address] = auth
-}
-
-// Discard drops a currently running proposal, stopping the signer from casting
-// further votes (either for or against).
-func (api *API) Discard(address common.Address) {
-	api.clique.lock.Lock()
-	defer api.clique.lock.Unlock()
-
-	delete(api.clique.proposals, address)
-}
-
-type status struct {
-	InturnPercent float64                `json:"inturnPercent"`
-	SigningStatus map[common.Address]int `json:"sealerActivity"`
-	NumBlocks     uint64                 `json:"numBlocks"`
-}
-
-// Status returns the status of the last N blocks,
-// - the number of active signers,
-// - the number of signers,
-// - the percentage of in-turn blocks
-func (api *API) Status() (*status, error) {
-	var (
-		numBlocks = uint64(64)
-		header    = api.chain.CurrentHeader()
-		diff      = uint64(0)
-		optimals  = 0
-	)
-	snap, err := api.clique.snapshot(api.chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	var (
-		signers = snap.signers()
-		end     = header.Number.Uint64()
-		start   = end - numBlocks
-	)
-	if numBlocks > end {
-		start = 1
-		numBlocks = end - start
-	}
-	signStatus := make(map[common.Address]int)
-	for _, s := range signers {
-		signStatus[s] = 0
-	}
-	for n := start; n < end; n++ {
-		h := api.chain.GetHeaderByNumber(n)
-		if h == nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing block %d", n)
-		}
-		if h.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) == 0 {
-			optimals++
-		}
-		diff += h.Difficulty.Uint64()
-		sealer, err := api.clique.Author(h)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		signStatus[sealer]++
-	}
-	return &status{
-		InturnPercent: float64(100*optimals) / float64(numBlocks),
-		SigningStatus: signStatus,
-		NumBlocks:     numBlocks,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type blockNumberOrHashOrRLP struct {
-	*rpc.BlockNumberOrHash
-	RLP hexutil.Bytes `json:"rlp,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (sb *blockNumberOrHashOrRLP) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
-	bnOrHash := new(rpc.BlockNumberOrHash)
-	// Try to unmarshal bNrOrHash
-	if err := bnOrHash.UnmarshalJSON(data); err == nil {
-		sb.BlockNumberOrHash = bnOrHash
-		return nil
-	}
-	// Try to unmarshal RLP
-	var input string
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &input); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	blob, err := hexutil.Decode(input)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	sb.RLP = blob
-	return nil
-}
-
-// GetSigner returns the signer for a specific clique block.
-// Can be called with a block number, a block hash or a rlp encoded blob.
-// The RLP encoded blob can either be a block or a header.
-func (api *API) GetSigner(rlpOrBlockNr *blockNumberOrHashOrRLP) (common.Address, error) {
-	if len(rlpOrBlockNr.RLP) == 0 {
-		blockNrOrHash := rlpOrBlockNr.BlockNumberOrHash
-		var header *types.Header
-		if blockNrOrHash == nil {
-			header = api.chain.CurrentHeader()
-		} else if hash, ok := blockNrOrHash.Hash(); ok {
-			header = api.chain.GetHeaderByHash(hash)
-		} else if number, ok := blockNrOrHash.Number(); ok {
-			header = api.chain.GetHeaderByNumber(uint64(number.Int64()))
-		}
-		if header == nil {
-			return common.Address{}, fmt.Errorf("missing block %v", blockNrOrHash.String())
-		}
-		return api.clique.Author(header)
-	}
-	block := new(types.Block)
-	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(rlpOrBlockNr.RLP, block); err == nil {
-		return api.clique.Author(block.Header())
-	}
-	header := new(types.Header)
-	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(rlpOrBlockNr.RLP, header); err != nil {
-		return common.Address{}, err
-	}
-	return api.clique.Author(header)
-}

consensus/clique/clique.go

@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
 )
@@ -641,15 +640,6 @@ func (c *Clique) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// APIs implements consensus.Engine, returning the user facing RPC API to allow
-// controlling the signer voting.
-func (c *Clique) APIs(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) []rpc.API {
-	return []rpc.API{{
-		Namespace: "clique",
-		Service:   &API{chain: chain, clique: c},
-	}}
-}
-
 // SealHash returns the hash of a block prior to it being sealed.
 func SealHash(header *types.Header) (hash common.Hash) {
 	hasher := sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256()

consensus/consensus.go

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 )
 
 // ChainHeaderReader defines a small collection of methods needed to access the local
@@ -109,9 +108,6 @@ type Engine interface {
 	// that a new block should have.
 	CalcDifficulty(chain ChainHeaderReader, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int
 
-	// APIs returns the RPC APIs this consensus engine provides.
-	APIs(chain ChainHeaderReader) []rpc.API
-
 	// Close terminates any background threads maintained by the consensus engine.
 	Close() error
 }

consensus/ethash/ethash.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 )
 
 // Ethash is a consensus engine based on proof-of-work implementing the ethash
@@ -71,12 +70,6 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// APIs implements consensus.Engine, returning no APIs as ethash is an empty
-// shell in the post-merge world.
-func (ethash *Ethash) APIs(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) []rpc.API {
-	return []rpc.API{}
-}
-
 // Seal generates a new sealing request for the given input block and pushes
 // the result into the given channel. For the ethash engine, this method will
 // just panic as sealing is not supported anymore.

core/blockchain.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ var (
 	headSafeBlockGauge      = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("chain/head/safe", nil)
 
 	chainInfoGauge   = metrics.NewRegisteredGaugeInfo("chain/info", nil)
-	chainMgaspsGauge = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("chain/mgasps", nil)
+	chainMgaspsMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/mgasps", nil)
 
 	accountReadTimer   = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/account/reads", nil)
 	accountHashTimer   = metrics.NewRegisteredResettingTimer("chain/account/hashes", nil)
@@ -2067,7 +2067,12 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) processBlock(parentRoot common.Hash, block *types.Block, s
 	triedbCommitTimer.Update(statedb.TrieDBCommits)     // Trie database commits are complete, we can mark them
 
 	blockWriteTimer.Update(time.Since(wstart) - max(statedb.AccountCommits, statedb.StorageCommits) /* concurrent */ - statedb.SnapshotCommits - statedb.TrieDBCommits)
-	blockInsertTimer.UpdateSince(startTime)
+	elapsed := time.Since(startTime) + 1 // prevent zero division
+	blockInsertTimer.Update(elapsed)
+
+	// TODO(rjl493456442) generalize the ResettingTimer
+	mgasps := float64(res.GasUsed) * 1000 / float64(elapsed)
+	chainMgaspsMeter.Update(time.Duration(mgasps))
 
 	return &blockProcessingResult{
 		usedGas:  res.GasUsed,

core/blockchain_insert.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 
 // insertStats tracks and reports on block insertion.
 type insertStats struct {
-	queued, processed, ignored int
+	processed, ignored int
 	usedGas            uint64
 	lastIndex          int
 	startTime          mclock.AbsTime
@@ -46,9 +46,6 @@ func (st *insertStats) report(chain []*types.Block, index int, snapDiffItems, sn
 		elapsed = now.Sub(st.startTime) + 1 // prevent zero division
 		mgasps  = float64(st.usedGas) * 1000 / float64(elapsed)
 	)
-	// Update the Mgas per second gauge
-	chainMgaspsGauge.Update(int64(mgasps))
-
 	// If we're at the last block of the batch or report period reached, log
 	if index == len(chain)-1 || elapsed >= statsReportLimit {
 		// Count the number of transactions in this segment
@@ -78,9 +75,6 @@ func (st *insertStats) report(chain []*types.Block, index int, snapDiffItems, sn
 		}
 		context = append(context, []interface{}{"triedirty", triebufNodes}...)
 
-		if st.queued > 0 {
-			context = append(context, []interface{}{"queued", st.queued}...)
-		}
 		if st.ignored > 0 {
 			context = append(context, []interface{}{"ignored", st.ignored}...)
 		}

core/blockchain_repair_test.go

@@ -1769,7 +1769,7 @@ func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme s
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@ func testRepairWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme s
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err = rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err = rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1919,7 +1919,7 @@ func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1979,7 +1979,7 @@ func testIssue23496(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err = rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err = rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to reopen persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_sethead_test.go

@@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ func testSetHeadWithScheme(t *testing.T, tt *rewindTest, snapshots bool, scheme
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_snapshot_test.go

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func (basic *snapshotTestBasic) prepare(t *testing.T) (*BlockChain, []*types.Blo
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ func (snaptest *crashSnapshotTest) test(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	newdb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, snaptest.ancient, "", false)
+	newdb, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: snaptest.ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ func testFastVsFullChains(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to insert receipt %d: %v", n, err)
 	}
 	// Freezer style fast import the chain.
-	ancientDb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	ancientDb, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ func testLightVsFastVsFullChainHeads(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 
 	// makeDb creates a db instance for testing.
 	makeDb := func() ethdb.Database {
-		db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+		db, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ func testLargeReorgTrieGC(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	competitor, _ := GenerateChain(genesis.Config, shared[len(shared)-1], engine, genDb, 2*state.TriesInMemory+1, func(i int, b *BlockGen) { b.SetCoinbase(common.Address{3}) })
 
 	// Import the shared chain and the original canonical one
-	db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	defer db.Close()
 
 	chain, err := NewBlockChain(db, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(scheme), genesis, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil)
@@ -1689,7 +1689,7 @@ func testBlockchainRecovery(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	_, blocks, receipts := GenerateChainWithGenesis(gspec, ethash.NewFaker(), int(height), nil)
 
 	// Import the chain as a ancient-first node and ensure all pointers are updated
-	ancientDb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), t.TempDir(), "", false)
+	ancientDb, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: t.TempDir()})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1747,7 +1747,7 @@ func testLowDiffLongChain(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	})
 
 	// Import the canonical chain
-	diskdb, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	diskdb, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	defer diskdb.Close()
 
 	chain, err := NewBlockChain(diskdb, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(scheme), genesis, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil)
@@ -1959,7 +1959,7 @@ func testInsertKnownChainData(t *testing.T, typ string, scheme string) {
 		b.OffsetTime(-9) // A higher difficulty
 	})
 	// Import the shared chain and the original canonical one
-	chaindb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	chaindb, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -2122,7 +2122,7 @@ func testInsertKnownChainDataWithMerging(t *testing.T, typ string, mergeHeight i
 		}
 	})
 	// Import the shared chain and the original canonical one
-	chaindb, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	chaindb, err := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create temp freezer db: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -2496,7 +2496,7 @@ func testSideImportPrunedBlocks(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent key-value database: %v", err)
 	}
-	db, err := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(pdb, ancient, "", false)
+	db, err := rawdb.Open(pdb, rawdb.OpenOptions{Ancient: ancient})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create persistent freezer database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -3403,7 +3403,7 @@ func testSetCanonical(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 		}
 		gen.AddTx(tx)
 	})
-	diskdb, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	diskdb, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	defer diskdb.Close()
 
 	chain, err := NewBlockChain(diskdb, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(scheme), gspec, nil, engine, vm.Config{}, nil)
@@ -4199,7 +4199,7 @@ func testChainReorgSnapSync(t *testing.T, ancientLimit uint64) {
 		gen.SetCoinbase(common.Address{0: byte(0xb), 19: byte(i)})
 	})
 
-	db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	defer db.Close()
 
 	chain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(rawdb.PathScheme), gspec, nil, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), vm.Config{}, nil)
@@ -4315,7 +4315,7 @@ func testInsertChainWithCutoff(t *testing.T, cutoff uint64, ancientLimit uint64,
 	config := DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(rawdb.PathScheme)
 	config.ChainHistoryMode = history.KeepPostMerge
 
-	db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+	db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 	defer db.Close()
 	chain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, DefaultCacheConfigWithScheme(rawdb.PathScheme), genesis, nil, beacon.New(ethash.NewFaker()), vm.Config{}, nil)
 	defer chain.Stop()

core/filtermaps/filtermaps.go

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ const (
 	databaseVersion       = 2    // reindexed if database version does not match
 	cachedLastBlocks      = 1000 // last block of map pointers
 	cachedLvPointers      = 1000 // first log value pointer of block pointers
-	cachedBaseRows        = 100  // groups of base layer filter row data
 	cachedFilterMaps      = 3    // complete filter maps (cached by map renderer)
 	cachedRenderSnapshots = 8    // saved map renderer data at block boundaries
 )
@@ -101,7 +100,6 @@ type FilterMaps struct {
 	filterMapCache *lru.Cache[uint32, filterMap]
 	lastBlockCache *lru.Cache[uint32, lastBlockOfMap]
 	lvPointerCache *lru.Cache[uint64, uint64]
-	baseRowsCache  *lru.Cache[uint64, [][]uint32]
 
 	// the matchers set and the fields of FilterMapsMatcherBackend instances are
 	// read and written both by exported functions and the indexer.
@@ -264,7 +262,6 @@ func NewFilterMaps(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, initView *ChainView, historyCutoff, f
 		filterMapCache:  lru.NewCache[uint32, filterMap](cachedFilterMaps),
 		lastBlockCache:  lru.NewCache[uint32, lastBlockOfMap](cachedLastBlocks),
 		lvPointerCache:  lru.NewCache[uint64, uint64](cachedLvPointers),
-		baseRowsCache:   lru.NewCache[uint64, [][]uint32](cachedBaseRows),
 		renderSnapshots: lru.NewCache[uint64, *renderedMap](cachedRenderSnapshots),
 	}
 	f.checkRevertRange() // revert maps that are inconsistent with the current chain view
@@ -348,7 +345,6 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) reset() {
 	f.renderSnapshots.Purge()
 	f.lastBlockCache.Purge()
 	f.lvPointerCache.Purge()
-	f.baseRowsCache.Purge()
 	f.indexLock.Unlock()
 	// deleting the range first ensures that resetDb will be called again at next
 	// startup and any leftover data will be removed even if it cannot finish now.
@@ -565,47 +561,69 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) getFilterMap(mapIndex uint32) (filterMap, error) {
 	}
 	fm := make(filterMap, f.mapHeight)
 	for rowIndex := range fm {
-		var err error
+		rows, err := f.getFilterMapRows([]uint32{mapIndex}, uint32(rowIndex), false)
-		fm[rowIndex], err = f.getFilterMapRow(mapIndex, uint32(rowIndex), false)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load filter map %d from database: %v", mapIndex, err)
 		}
+		fm[rowIndex] = rows[0]
 	}
 	f.filterMapCache.Add(mapIndex, fm)
 	return fm, nil
 }
 
-// getFilterMapRow fetches the given filter map row. If baseLayerOnly is true
+// getFilterMapRows fetches a set of filter map rows at the corresponding map
-// then only the first baseRowLength entries are returned.
+// indices and a shared row index. If baseLayerOnly is true then only the first
-func (f *FilterMaps) getFilterMapRow(mapIndex, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) (FilterRow, error) {
+// baseRowLength entries are returned.
-	baseMapRowIndex := f.mapRowIndex(mapIndex&-f.baseRowGroupLength, rowIndex)
+func (f *FilterMaps) getFilterMapRows(mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) ([]FilterRow, error) {
-	baseRows, ok := f.baseRowsCache.Get(baseMapRowIndex)
+	rows := make([]FilterRow, len(mapIndices))
-	if !ok {
+	var ptr int
-		var err error
+	for len(mapIndices) > ptr {
-		baseRows, err = rawdb.ReadFilterMapBaseRows(f.db, baseMapRowIndex, f.baseRowGroupLength, f.logMapWidth)
+		baseRowGroup := mapIndices[ptr] / f.baseRowGroupLength
+		groupLength := 1
+		for ptr+groupLength < len(mapIndices) && mapIndices[ptr+groupLength]/f.baseRowGroupLength == baseRowGroup {
+			groupLength++
+		}
+		if err := f.getFilterMapRowsOfGroup(rows[ptr:ptr+groupLength], mapIndices[ptr:ptr+groupLength], rowIndex, baseLayerOnly); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ptr += groupLength
+	}
+	return rows, nil
+}
+
+// getFilterMapRowsOfGroup fetches a set of filter map rows at map indices
+// belonging to the same base row group.
+func (f *FilterMaps) getFilterMapRowsOfGroup(target []FilterRow, mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) error {
+	baseRowGroup := mapIndices[0] / f.baseRowGroupLength
+	baseMapRowIndex := f.mapRowIndex(baseRowGroup*f.baseRowGroupLength, rowIndex)
+	baseRows, err := rawdb.ReadFilterMapBaseRows(f.db, baseMapRowIndex, f.baseRowGroupLength, f.logMapWidth)
 	if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d base rows %d: %v", mapIndex, rowIndex, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve base row group %d of row %d: %v", baseRowGroup, rowIndex, err)
 	}
-		f.baseRowsCache.Add(baseMapRowIndex, baseRows)
+	for i, mapIndex := range mapIndices {
-	}
+		if mapIndex/f.baseRowGroupLength != baseRowGroup {
-	baseRow := slices.Clone(baseRows[mapIndex&(f.baseRowGroupLength-1)])
+			panic("mapIndices are not in the same base row group")
-	if baseLayerOnly {
-		return baseRow, nil
 		}
+		row := baseRows[mapIndex&(f.baseRowGroupLength-1)]
+		if !baseLayerOnly {
 			extRow, err := rawdb.ReadFilterMapExtRow(f.db, f.mapRowIndex(mapIndex, rowIndex), f.logMapWidth)
 			if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d extended row %d: %v", mapIndex, rowIndex, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d extended row %d: %v", mapIndex, rowIndex, err)
 			}
-	return FilterRow(append(baseRow, extRow...)), nil
+			row = append(row, extRow...)
+		}
+		target[i] = row
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // storeFilterMapRows stores a set of filter map rows at the corresponding map
 // indices and a shared row index.
 func (f *FilterMaps) storeFilterMapRows(batch ethdb.Batch, mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, rows []FilterRow) error {
 	for len(mapIndices) > 0 {
-		baseMapIndex := mapIndices[0] & -f.baseRowGroupLength
+		baseRowGroup := mapIndices[0] / f.baseRowGroupLength
 		groupLength := 1
-		for groupLength < len(mapIndices) && mapIndices[groupLength]&-f.baseRowGroupLength == baseMapIndex {
+		for groupLength < len(mapIndices) && mapIndices[groupLength]/f.baseRowGroupLength == baseRowGroup {
 			groupLength++
 		}
 		if err := f.storeFilterMapRowsOfGroup(batch, mapIndices[:groupLength], rowIndex, rows[:groupLength]); err != nil {
@@ -619,26 +637,20 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) storeFilterMapRows(batch ethdb.Batch, mapIndices []uint32,
 // storeFilterMapRowsOfGroup stores a set of filter map rows at map indices
 // belonging to the same base row group.
 func (f *FilterMaps) storeFilterMapRowsOfGroup(batch ethdb.Batch, mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, rows []FilterRow) error {
-	baseMapIndex := mapIndices[0] & -f.baseRowGroupLength
+	baseRowGroup := mapIndices[0] / f.baseRowGroupLength
-	baseMapRowIndex := f.mapRowIndex(baseMapIndex, rowIndex)
+	baseMapRowIndex := f.mapRowIndex(baseRowGroup*f.baseRowGroupLength, rowIndex)
 	var baseRows [][]uint32
 	if uint32(len(mapIndices)) != f.baseRowGroupLength { // skip base rows read if all rows are replaced
-		var ok bool
-		baseRows, ok = f.baseRowsCache.Get(baseMapRowIndex)
-		if ok {
-			baseRows = slices.Clone(baseRows)
-		} else {
 		var err error
 		baseRows, err = rawdb.ReadFilterMapBaseRows(f.db, baseMapRowIndex, f.baseRowGroupLength, f.logMapWidth)
 		if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d base rows %d for modification: %v", mapIndices[0]&-f.baseRowGroupLength, rowIndex, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve base row group %d of row %d for modification: %v", baseRowGroup, rowIndex, err)
-			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		baseRows = make([][]uint32, f.baseRowGroupLength)
 	}
 	for i, mapIndex := range mapIndices {
-		if mapIndex&-f.baseRowGroupLength != baseMapIndex {
+		if mapIndex/f.baseRowGroupLength != baseRowGroup {
 			panic("mapIndices are not in the same base row group")
 		}
 		baseRow := []uint32(rows[i])
@@ -650,7 +662,6 @@ func (f *FilterMaps) storeFilterMapRowsOfGroup(batch ethdb.Batch, mapIndices []u
 		baseRows[mapIndex&(f.baseRowGroupLength-1)] = baseRow
 		rawdb.WriteFilterMapExtRow(batch, f.mapRowIndex(mapIndex, rowIndex), extRow, f.logMapWidth)
 	}
-	f.baseRowsCache.Add(baseMapRowIndex, baseRows)
 	rawdb.WriteFilterMapBaseRows(batch, baseMapRowIndex, baseRows, f.logMapWidth)
 	return nil
 }

core/filtermaps/indexer_test.go

@@ -428,13 +428,15 @@ func (ts *testSetup) matcherViewHash() common.Hash {
 		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(enc[:4], r)
 		for m := uint32(0); m <= headMap; m++ {
 			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(enc[4:8], m)
-			row, _ := mb.GetFilterMapRow(ctx, m, r, false)
+			rows, _ := mb.GetFilterMapRows(ctx, []uint32{m}, r, false)
+			for _, row := range rows {
 				for _, v := range row {
 					binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(enc[8:], v)
 					hasher.Write(enc[:])
 				}
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	var hash common.Hash
 	hasher.Sum(hash[:0])
 	for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {

core/filtermaps/matcher.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"math"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ var ErrMatchAll = errors.New("match all patterns not supported")
 type MatcherBackend interface {
 	GetParams() *Params
 	GetBlockLvPointer(ctx context.Context, blockNumber uint64) (uint64, error)
-	GetFilterMapRow(ctx context.Context, mapIndex, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) (FilterRow, error)
+	GetFilterMapRows(ctx context.Context, mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) ([]FilterRow, error)
 	GetLogByLvIndex(ctx context.Context, lvIndex uint64) (*types.Log, error)
 	SyncLogIndex(ctx context.Context) (SyncRange, error)
 	Close()
@@ -365,26 +364,32 @@ func (m *singleMatcherInstance) getMatchesForLayer(ctx context.Context, layerInd
 	var st int
 	m.stats.setState(&st, stOther)
 	params := m.backend.GetParams()
-	maskedMapIndex, rowIndex := uint32(math.MaxUint32), uint32(0)
+	var ptr int
-	for _, mapIndex := range m.mapIndices {
+	for len(m.mapIndices) > ptr {
-		filterRows, ok := m.filterRows[mapIndex]
+		// find next group of map indices mapped onto the same row
-		if !ok {
+		maskedMapIndex := params.maskedMapIndex(m.mapIndices[ptr], layerIndex)
-			continue
+		rowIndex := params.rowIndex(m.mapIndices[ptr], layerIndex, m.value)
-		}
+		groupLength := 1
-		if mm := params.maskedMapIndex(mapIndex, layerIndex); mm != maskedMapIndex {
+		for ptr+groupLength < len(m.mapIndices) && params.maskedMapIndex(m.mapIndices[ptr+groupLength], layerIndex) == maskedMapIndex {
-			// only recalculate rowIndex when necessary
+			groupLength++
-			maskedMapIndex = mm
-			rowIndex = params.rowIndex(mapIndex, layerIndex, m.value)
 		}
 		if layerIndex == 0 {
 			m.stats.setState(&st, stFetchFirst)
 		} else {
 			m.stats.setState(&st, stFetchMore)
 		}
-		filterRow, err := m.backend.GetFilterMapRow(ctx, mapIndex, rowIndex, layerIndex == 0)
+		groupRows, err := m.backend.GetFilterMapRows(ctx, m.mapIndices[ptr:ptr+groupLength], rowIndex, layerIndex == 0)
 		if err != nil {
 			m.stats.setState(&st, stNone)
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d row %d: %v", mapIndex, rowIndex, err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve filter map %d row %d: %v", m.mapIndices[ptr], rowIndex, err)
+		}
+		m.stats.setState(&st, stOther)
+		for i := range groupLength {
+			mapIndex := m.mapIndices[ptr+i]
+			filterRow := groupRows[i]
+			filterRows, ok := m.filterRows[mapIndex]
+			if !ok {
+				panic("dropped map in mapIndices")
 			}
 			if layerIndex == 0 {
 				matchBaseRowAccessMeter.Mark(1)
@@ -394,7 +399,6 @@ func (m *singleMatcherInstance) getMatchesForLayer(ctx context.Context, layerInd
 				matchExtRowSizeMeter.Mark(int64(len(filterRow)))
 			}
 			m.stats.addAmount(st, int64(len(filterRow)))
-		m.stats.setState(&st, stOther)
 			filterRows = append(filterRows, filterRow)
 			if uint32(len(filterRow)) < params.maxRowLength(layerIndex) {
 				m.stats.setState(&st, stProcess)
@@ -410,6 +414,8 @@ func (m *singleMatcherInstance) getMatchesForLayer(ctx context.Context, layerInd
 				m.filterRows[mapIndex] = filterRows
 			}
 		}
+		ptr += groupLength
+	}
 	m.cleanMapIndices()
 	m.stats.setState(&st, stNone)
 	return results, nil

core/filtermaps/matcher_backend.go

@@ -67,18 +67,15 @@ func (fm *FilterMapsMatcherBackend) Close() {
 	delete(fm.f.matchers, fm)
 }
 
-// GetFilterMapRow returns the given row of the given map. If the row is empty
+// GetFilterMapRows returns the given row of the given map. If the row is empty
 // then a non-nil zero length row is returned. If baseLayerOnly is true then
 // only the first baseRowLength entries of the row are guaranteed to be
 // returned.
 // Note that the returned slices should not be modified, they should be copied
 // on write.
-// GetFilterMapRow implements MatcherBackend.
+// GetFilterMapRows implements MatcherBackend.
-func (fm *FilterMapsMatcherBackend) GetFilterMapRow(ctx context.Context, mapIndex, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) (FilterRow, error) {
+func (fm *FilterMapsMatcherBackend) GetFilterMapRows(ctx context.Context, mapIndices []uint32, rowIndex uint32, baseLayerOnly bool) ([]FilterRow, error) {
-	fm.f.indexLock.RLock()
+	return fm.f.getFilterMapRows(mapIndices, rowIndex, baseLayerOnly)
-	defer fm.f.indexLock.RUnlock()
-
-	return fm.f.getFilterMapRow(mapIndex, rowIndex, baseLayerOnly)
 }
 
 // GetBlockLvPointer returns the starting log value index where the log values

core/rawdb/accessors_chain_test.go

@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ func checkReceiptsRLP(have, want types.Receipts) error {
 func TestAncientStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	// Freezer style fast import the chain.
 	frdir := t.TempDir()
-	db, err := NewDatabaseWithFreezer(NewMemoryDatabase(), frdir, "", false)
+	db, err := Open(NewMemoryDatabase(), OpenOptions{Ancient: frdir})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create database with ancient backend")
 	}
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ func TestAncientStorage(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestWriteAncientHeaderChain(t *testing.T) {
-	db, err := NewDatabaseWithFreezer(NewMemoryDatabase(), t.TempDir(), "", false)
+	db, err := Open(NewMemoryDatabase(), OpenOptions{Ancient: t.TempDir()})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create database with ancient backend")
 	}
@@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ func TestHashesInRange(t *testing.T) {
 func BenchmarkWriteAncientBlocks(b *testing.B) {
 	// Open freezer database.
 	frdir := b.TempDir()
-	db, err := NewDatabaseWithFreezer(NewMemoryDatabase(), frdir, "", false)
+	db, err := Open(NewMemoryDatabase(), OpenOptions{Ancient: frdir})
 	if err != nil {
 		b.Fatalf("failed to create database with ancient backend")
 	}
@@ -684,6 +684,7 @@ type fullLogRLP struct {
 	Topics         []common.Hash
 	Data           []byte
 	BlockNumber    uint64
+	BlockTimestamp uint64
 	TxHash         common.Hash
 	TxIndex        uint
 	BlockHash      common.Hash
@@ -696,6 +697,7 @@ func newFullLogRLP(l *types.Log) *fullLogRLP {
 		Topics:         l.Topics,
 		Data:           l.Data,
 		BlockNumber:    l.BlockNumber,
+		BlockTimestamp: l.BlockTimestamp,
 		TxHash:         l.TxHash,
 		TxIndex:        l.TxIndex,
 		BlockHash:      l.BlockHash,
@@ -834,7 +836,7 @@ func TestDeriveLogFields(t *testing.T) {
 	// Derive log metadata fields
 	number := big.NewInt(1)
 	hash := common.BytesToHash([]byte{0x03, 0x14})
-	types.Receipts(receipts).DeriveFields(params.TestChainConfig, hash, number.Uint64(), 0, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), txs)
+	types.Receipts(receipts).DeriveFields(params.TestChainConfig, hash, number.Uint64(), 12, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), txs)
 
 	// Iterate over all the computed fields and check that they're correct
 	logIndex := uint(0)
@@ -846,6 +848,9 @@ func TestDeriveLogFields(t *testing.T) {
 			if receipts[i].Logs[j].BlockHash != hash {
 				t.Errorf("receipts[%d].Logs[%d].BlockHash = %s, want %s", i, j, receipts[i].Logs[j].BlockHash.String(), hash.String())
 			}
+			if receipts[i].Logs[j].BlockTimestamp != 12 {
+				t.Errorf("receipts[%d].Logs[%d].BlockTimestamp = %d, want %d", i, j, receipts[i].Logs[j].BlockTimestamp, 12)
+			}
 			if receipts[i].Logs[j].TxHash != txs[i].Hash() {
 				t.Errorf("receipts[%d].Logs[%d].TxHash = %s, want %s", i, j, receipts[i].Logs[j].TxHash.String(), txs[i].Hash().String())
 			}
@@ -890,7 +895,7 @@ func TestHeadersRLPStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	// Have N headers in the freezer
 	frdir := t.TempDir()
 
-	db, err := NewDatabaseWithFreezer(NewMemoryDatabase(), frdir, "", false)
+	db, err := Open(NewMemoryDatabase(), OpenOptions{Ancient: frdir})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create database with ancient backend")
 	}

core/rawdb/ancienttest/testsuite.go

@@ -77,13 +77,6 @@ func basicRead(t *testing.T, newFn func(kinds []string) ethdb.AncientStore) {
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		for i := c.start; i < c.limit; i++ {
-			exist, err := db.HasAncient("a", uint64(i))
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("Failed to check presence, %v", err)
-			}
-			if exist {
-				t.Fatalf("Item %d is already truncated", uint64(i))
-			}
 			_, err = db.Ancient("a", uint64(i))
 			if err == nil {
 				t.Fatal("Error is expected for non-existent item")
@@ -93,13 +86,6 @@ func basicRead(t *testing.T, newFn func(kinds []string) ethdb.AncientStore) {
 
 	// Test the items in range should be reachable
 	for i := 10; i < 90; i++ {
-		exist, err := db.HasAncient("a", uint64(i))
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Failed to check presence, %v", err)
-		}
-		if !exist {
-			t.Fatalf("Item %d is missing", uint64(i))
-		}
 		blob, err := db.Ancient("a", uint64(i))
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("Failed to retrieve item, %v", err)
@@ -110,13 +96,6 @@ func basicRead(t *testing.T, newFn func(kinds []string) ethdb.AncientStore) {
 	}
 
 	// Test the items in unknown table shouldn't be reachable
-	exist, err := db.HasAncient("b", uint64(0))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Failed to check presence, %v", err)
-	}
-	if exist {
-		t.Fatal("Item in unknown table shouldn't be found")
-	}
 	_, err = db.Ancient("b", uint64(0))
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("Error is expected for unknown table")

core/rawdb/chain_freezer.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb/eradb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
@@ -43,7 +44,10 @@ const (
 // feature. The background thread will keep moving ancient chain segments from
 // key-value database to flat files for saving space on live database.
 type chainFreezer struct {
-	ethdb.AncientStore // Ancient store for storing cold chain segment
+	ancients ethdb.AncientStore // Ancient store for storing cold chain segment
+
+	// Optional Era database used as a backup for the pruned chain.
+	eradb *eradb.Store
 
 	quit    chan struct{}
 	wg      sync.WaitGroup
@@ -56,21 +60,25 @@ type chainFreezer struct {
 //     state freezer (e.g. dev mode).
 //   - if non-empty directory is given, initializes the regular file-based
 //     state freezer.
-func newChainFreezer(datadir string, namespace string, readonly bool) (*chainFreezer, error) {
+func newChainFreezer(datadir string, eraDir string, namespace string, readonly bool) (*chainFreezer, error) {
-	var (
-		err     error
-		freezer ethdb.AncientStore
-	)
 	if datadir == "" {
-		freezer = NewMemoryFreezer(readonly, chainFreezerTableConfigs)
+		return &chainFreezer{
-	} else {
+			ancients: NewMemoryFreezer(readonly, chainFreezerTableConfigs),
-		freezer, err = NewFreezer(datadir, namespace, readonly, freezerTableSize, chainFreezerTableConfigs)
+			quit:     make(chan struct{}),
+			trigger:  make(chan chan struct{}),
+		}, nil
 	}
+	freezer, err := NewFreezer(datadir, namespace, readonly, freezerTableSize, chainFreezerTableConfigs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	edb, err := eradb.New(resolveChainEraDir(datadir, eraDir))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &chainFreezer{
-		AncientStore: freezer,
+		ancients: freezer,
+		eradb:    edb,
 		quit:     make(chan struct{}),
 		trigger:  make(chan chan struct{}),
 	}, nil
@@ -84,7 +92,11 @@ func (f *chainFreezer) Close() error {
 		close(f.quit)
 	}
 	f.wg.Wait()
-	return f.AncientStore.Close()
+
+	if f.eradb != nil {
+		f.eradb.Close()
+	}
+	return f.ancients.Close()
 }
 
 // readHeadNumber returns the number of chain head block. 0 is returned if the
@@ -334,3 +346,75 @@ func (f *chainFreezer) freezeRange(nfdb *nofreezedb, number, limit uint64) (hash
 	})
 	return hashes, err
 }
+
+// Ancient retrieves an ancient binary blob from the append-only immutable files.
+func (f *chainFreezer) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
+	// Lookup the entry in the underlying ancient store, assuming that
+	// headers and hashes are always available.
+	if kind == ChainFreezerHeaderTable || kind == ChainFreezerHashTable {
+		return f.ancients.Ancient(kind, number)
+	}
+	tail, err := f.ancients.Tail()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Lookup the entry in the underlying ancient store if it's not pruned
+	if number >= tail {
+		return f.ancients.Ancient(kind, number)
+	}
+	// Lookup the entry in the optional era backend
+	if f.eradb == nil {
+		return nil, errOutOfBounds
+	}
+	switch kind {
+	case ChainFreezerBodiesTable:
+		return f.eradb.GetRawBody(number)
+	case ChainFreezerReceiptTable:
+		return f.eradb.GetRawReceipts(number)
+	}
+	return nil, errUnknownTable
+}
+
+// ReadAncients executes an operation while preventing mutations to the freezer,
+// i.e. if fn performs multiple reads, they will be consistent with each other.
+func (f *chainFreezer) ReadAncients(fn func(ethdb.AncientReaderOp) error) (err error) {
+	if store, ok := f.ancients.(*Freezer); ok {
+		store.writeLock.Lock()
+		defer store.writeLock.Unlock()
+	}
+	return fn(f)
+}
+
+// Methods below are just pass-through to the underlying ancient store.
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) Ancients() (uint64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.Ancients()
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) Tail() (uint64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.Tail()
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) AncientSize(kind string) (uint64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.AncientSize(kind)
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) AncientRange(kind string, start, count, maxBytes uint64) ([][]byte, error) {
+	return f.ancients.AncientRange(kind, start, count, maxBytes)
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) ModifyAncients(fn func(ethdb.AncientWriteOp) error) (int64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.ModifyAncients(fn)
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) TruncateHead(items uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.TruncateHead(items)
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) TruncateTail(items uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	return f.ancients.TruncateTail(items)
+}
+
+func (f *chainFreezer) SyncAncient() error {
+	return f.ancients.SyncAncient()
+}

core/rawdb/database.go

@@ -86,11 +86,6 @@ type nofreezedb struct {
 	ethdb.KeyValueStore
 }
 
-// HasAncient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
-func (db *nofreezedb) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
-	return false, errNotSupported
-}
-
 // Ancient returns an error as we don't have a backing chain freezer.
 func (db *nofreezedb) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
 	return nil, errNotSupported
@@ -186,19 +181,49 @@ func resolveChainFreezerDir(ancient string) string {
 	return freezer
 }
 
-// NewDatabaseWithFreezer creates a high level database on top of a given key-
+// resolveChainEraDir is a helper function which resolves the absolute path of era database.
-// value data store with a freezer moving immutable chain segments into cold
+func resolveChainEraDir(chainFreezerDir string, era string) string {
-// storage. The passed ancient indicates the path of root ancient directory
+	switch {
-// where the chain freezer can be opened.
+	case era == "":
+		return filepath.Join(chainFreezerDir, "era")
+	case !filepath.IsAbs(era):
+		return filepath.Join(chainFreezerDir, era)
+	default:
+		return era
+	}
+}
+
+// NewDatabaseWithFreezer creates a high level database on top of a given key-value store.
+// The passed ancient indicates the path of root ancient directory where the chain freezer
+// can be opened.
+//
+// Deprecated: use Open.
 func NewDatabaseWithFreezer(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, ancient string, namespace string, readonly bool) (ethdb.Database, error) {
+	return Open(db, OpenOptions{
+		Ancient:          ancient,
+		MetricsNamespace: namespace,
+		ReadOnly:         readonly,
+	})
+}
+
+// OpenOptions specifies options for opening the database.
+type OpenOptions struct {
+	Ancient          string // ancients directory
+	Era              string // era files directory
+	MetricsNamespace string // prefix added to freezer metric names
+	ReadOnly         bool
+}
+
+// Open creates a high-level database wrapper for the given key-value store.
+func Open(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, opts OpenOptions) (ethdb.Database, error) {
 	// Create the idle freezer instance. If the given ancient directory is empty,
 	// in-memory chain freezer is used (e.g. dev mode); otherwise the regular
 	// file-based freezer is created.
-	chainFreezerDir := ancient
+	chainFreezerDir := opts.Ancient
 	if chainFreezerDir != "" {
 		chainFreezerDir = resolveChainFreezerDir(chainFreezerDir)
 	}
-	frdb, err := newChainFreezer(chainFreezerDir, namespace, readonly)
+	frdb, err := newChainFreezer(chainFreezerDir, opts.Era, opts.MetricsNamespace, opts.ReadOnly)
 	if err != nil {
 		printChainMetadata(db)
 		return nil, err
@@ -282,7 +307,7 @@ func NewDatabaseWithFreezer(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, ancient string, namespace st
 		}
 	}
 	// Freezer is consistent with the key-value database, permit combining the two
-	if !readonly {
+	if !opts.ReadOnly {
 		frdb.wg.Add(1)
 		go func() {
 			frdb.freeze(db)
@@ -290,7 +315,7 @@ func NewDatabaseWithFreezer(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, ancient string, namespace st
 		}()
 	}
 	return &freezerdb{
-		ancientRoot:   ancient,
+		ancientRoot:   opts.Ancient,
 		KeyValueStore: db,
 		chainFreezer:  frdb,
 	}, nil

core/rawdb/eradb/eradb.go

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+// Package eradb implements a history backend using era1 files.
+package eradb
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/lru"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/era"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
+)
+
+const openFileLimit = 64
+
+var errClosed = errors.New("era store is closed")
+
+// Store manages read access to a directory of era1 files.
+// The getter methods are thread-safe.
+type Store struct {
+	datadir string
+
+	// The mutex protects all remaining fields.
+	mu      sync.Mutex
+	cond    *sync.Cond
+	lru     lru.BasicLRU[uint64, *fileCacheEntry]
+	opening map[uint64]*fileCacheEntry
+	closing bool
+}
+
+type fileCacheEntry struct {
+	refcount int           // reference count. This is protected by Store.mu!
+	opened   chan struct{} // signals opening of file has completed
+	file     *era.Era      // the file
+	err      error         // error from opening the file
+}
+
+type fileCacheStatus byte
+
+const (
+	storeClosing fileCacheStatus = iota
+	fileIsNew
+	fileIsOpening
+	fileIsCached
+)
+
+// New opens the store directory.
+func New(datadir string) (*Store, error) {
+	db := &Store{
+		datadir: datadir,
+		lru:     lru.NewBasicLRU[uint64, *fileCacheEntry](openFileLimit),
+		opening: make(map[uint64]*fileCacheEntry),
+	}
+	db.cond = sync.NewCond(&db.mu)
+	log.Info("Opened Era store", "datadir", datadir)
+	return db, nil
+}
+
+// Close closes all open era1 files in the cache.
+func (db *Store) Close() {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Prevent new cache additions.
+	db.closing = true
+
+	// Deref all active files. Since inactive files have a refcount of one, they will be
+	// closed right here and now after decrementing. Files which are currently being used
+	// have a refcount > 1 and will hit zero when their access finishes.
+	for _, epoch := range db.lru.Keys() {
+		entry, _ := db.lru.Peek(epoch)
+		if entry.derefAndClose(epoch) {
+			db.lru.Remove(epoch)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Wait for all store access to finish.
+	for db.lru.Len() > 0 || len(db.opening) > 0 {
+		db.cond.Wait()
+	}
+}
+
+// GetRawBody returns the raw body for a given block number.
+func (db *Store) GetRawBody(number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
+	epoch := number / uint64(era.MaxEra1Size)
+	entry := db.getEraByEpoch(epoch)
+	if entry.err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(entry.err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return nil, entry.err
+	}
+	defer db.doneWithFile(epoch, entry)
+
+	return entry.file.GetRawBodyByNumber(number)
+}
+
+// GetRawReceipts returns the raw receipts for a given block number.
+func (db *Store) GetRawReceipts(number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
+	epoch := number / uint64(era.MaxEra1Size)
+	entry := db.getEraByEpoch(epoch)
+	if entry.err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(entry.err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return nil, entry.err
+	}
+	defer db.doneWithFile(epoch, entry)
+
+	data, err := entry.file.GetRawReceiptsByNumber(number)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return convertReceipts(data)
+}
+
+// convertReceipts transforms an encoded block receipts list from the format
+// used by era1 into the 'storage' format used by the go-ethereum ancients database.
+func convertReceipts(input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var (
+		out bytes.Buffer
+		enc = rlp.NewEncoderBuffer(&out)
+	)
+	blockListIter, err := rlp.NewListIterator(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid block receipts list: %v", err)
+	}
+	outerList := enc.List()
+	for i := 0; blockListIter.Next(); i++ {
+		kind, content, _, err := rlp.Split(blockListIter.Value())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("receipt %d invalid: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		var receiptData []byte
+		switch kind {
+		case rlp.Byte:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("receipt %d is single byte", i)
+		case rlp.String:
+			// Typed receipt - skip type.
+			receiptData = content[1:]
+		case rlp.List:
+			// Legacy receipt
+			receiptData = blockListIter.Value()
+		}
+		// Convert data list.
+		// Input is  [status, gas-used, bloom, logs]
+		// Output is [status, gas-used, logs], i.e. we need to skip the bloom.
+		dataIter, err := rlp.NewListIterator(receiptData)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("receipt %d has invalid data: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		innerList := enc.List()
+		for field := 0; dataIter.Next(); field++ {
+			if field == 2 {
+				continue // skip bloom
+			}
+			enc.Write(dataIter.Value())
+		}
+		enc.ListEnd(innerList)
+		if dataIter.Err() != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("receipt %d iterator error: %v", i, dataIter.Err())
+		}
+	}
+	enc.ListEnd(outerList)
+	if blockListIter.Err() != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block receipt list iterator error: %v", blockListIter.Err())
+	}
+	enc.Flush()
+	return out.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// getEraByEpoch opens an era file or gets it from the cache.
+// The caller can freely access the returned entry's .file and .err
+// db.doneWithFile must be called when it is done reading the file.
+func (db *Store) getEraByEpoch(epoch uint64) *fileCacheEntry {
+	stat, entry := db.getCacheEntry(epoch)
+
+	switch stat {
+	case storeClosing:
+		return &fileCacheEntry{err: errClosed}
+
+	case fileIsNew:
+		// Open the file and put it into the cache.
+		e, err := db.openEraFile(epoch)
+		if err != nil {
+			db.fileFailedToOpen(epoch, entry, err)
+		} else {
+			db.fileOpened(epoch, entry, e)
+		}
+		close(entry.opened)
+
+	case fileIsOpening:
+		// Wait for open to finish.
+		<-entry.opened
+
+	case fileIsCached:
+		// Nothing to do.
+
+	default:
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid file state %d", stat))
+	}
+	return entry
+}
+
+// getCacheEntry gets an open era file from the cache.
+func (db *Store) getCacheEntry(epoch uint64) (stat fileCacheStatus, entry *fileCacheEntry) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if db.closing {
+		return storeClosing, nil
+	}
+	if entry = db.opening[epoch]; entry != nil {
+		stat = fileIsOpening
+	} else if entry, _ = db.lru.Get(epoch); entry != nil {
+		stat = fileIsCached
+	} else {
+		// It's a new file, create an entry in the opening table. Note the entry is
+		// created with an initial refcount of one. We increment the count once more
+		// before returning, but the count will return to one when the file has been
+		// accessed. When the store is closed or the file gets evicted from the cache,
+		// refcount will be decreased by one, thus allowing it to hit zero.
+		entry = &fileCacheEntry{refcount: 1, opened: make(chan struct{})}
+		db.opening[epoch] = entry
+		stat = fileIsNew
+	}
+	entry.refcount++
+	return stat, entry
+}
+
+// fileOpened is called after an era file has been successfully opened.
+func (db *Store) fileOpened(epoch uint64, entry *fileCacheEntry, file *era.Era) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	delete(db.opening, epoch)
+	db.cond.Signal() // db.opening was modified
+
+	// The database may have been closed while opening the file. When that happens, we
+	// need to close the file here, since it isn't tracked by the LRU yet.
+	if db.closing {
+		entry.err = errClosed
+		file.Close()
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Add it to the LRU. This may evict an existing item, which we have to close.
+	entry.file = file
+	evictedEpoch, evictedEntry, _ := db.lru.Add3(epoch, entry)
+	if evictedEntry != nil {
+		evictedEntry.derefAndClose(evictedEpoch)
+	}
+}
+
+// fileFailedToOpen is called when an era file could not be opened.
+func (db *Store) fileFailedToOpen(epoch uint64, entry *fileCacheEntry, err error) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	delete(db.opening, epoch)
+	db.cond.Signal() // db.opening was modified
+	entry.err = err
+}
+
+func (db *Store) openEraFile(epoch uint64) (*era.Era, error) {
+	// File name scheme is <network>-<epoch>-<root>.
+	glob := fmt.Sprintf("*-%05d-*.era1", epoch)
+	matches, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(db.datadir, glob))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(matches) > 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("multiple era1 files found for epoch %d", epoch)
+	}
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		return nil, fs.ErrNotExist
+	}
+	filename := matches[0]
+
+	e, err := era.Open(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// Sanity-check start block.
+	if e.Start()%uint64(era.MaxEra1Size) != 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pre-merge era1 file has invalid boundary. %d %% %d != 0", e.Start(), era.MaxEra1Size)
+	}
+	log.Debug("Opened era1 file", "epoch", epoch)
+	return e, nil
+}
+
+// doneWithFile signals that the caller has finished using a file.
+// This decrements the refcount and ensures the file is closed by the last user.
+func (db *Store) doneWithFile(epoch uint64, entry *fileCacheEntry) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if entry.err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if entry.derefAndClose(epoch) {
+		// Delete closed entry from LRU if it is still present.
+		if e, _ := db.lru.Peek(epoch); e == entry {
+			db.lru.Remove(epoch)
+			db.cond.Signal() // db.lru was modified
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// derefAndClose decrements the reference counter and closes the file
+// when it hits zero.
+func (entry *fileCacheEntry) derefAndClose(epoch uint64) (closed bool) {
+	entry.refcount--
+	if entry.refcount > 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	closeErr := entry.file.Close()
+	if closeErr == nil {
+		log.Debug("Closed era1 file", "epoch", epoch)
+	} else {
+		log.Warn("Error closing era1 file", "epoch", epoch, "err", closeErr)
+	}
+	return true
+}

core/rawdb/eradb/eradb_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package eradb
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestEraDatabase(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := New("testdata")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	r, err := db.GetRawBody(175881)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var body *types.Body
+	err = rlp.DecodeBytes(r, &body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, body, "block body not found")
+	assert.Equal(t, 3, len(body.Transactions))
+
+	r, err = db.GetRawReceipts(175881)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var receipts []*types.ReceiptForStorage
+	err = rlp.DecodeBytes(r, &receipts)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, receipts, "receipts not found")
+	assert.Equal(t, 3, len(receipts), "receipts length mismatch")
+}
+
+func TestEraDatabaseConcurrentOpen(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := New("testdata")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	const N = 25
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(N)
+	for range N {
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			r, err := db.GetRawBody(1024)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Error("err:", err)
+			}
+			if len(r) == 0 {
+				t.Error("empty body")
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestEraDatabaseConcurrentOpenClose(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := New("testdata")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	const N = 10
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(N)
+	for range N {
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			r, err := db.GetRawBody(1024)
+			if err == errClosed {
+				return
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Error("err:", err)
+			}
+			if len(r) == 0 {
+				t.Error("empty body")
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		db.Close()
+	}()
+	wg.Wait()
+}

core/rawdb/freezer.go

@@ -172,10 +172,7 @@ func (f *Freezer) Close() error {
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
 	})
-	if errs != nil {
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
-		return fmt.Errorf("%v", errs)
-	}
-	return nil
 }
 
 // AncientDatadir returns the path of the ancient store.
@@ -183,15 +180,6 @@ func (f *Freezer) AncientDatadir() (string, error) {
 	return f.datadir, nil
 }
 
-// HasAncient returns an indicator whether the specified ancient data exists
-// in the freezer.
-func (f *Freezer) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
-	if table := f.tables[kind]; table != nil {
-		return table.has(number), nil
-	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
 // Ancient retrieves an ancient binary blob from the append-only immutable files.
 func (f *Freezer) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
 	if table := f.tables[kind]; table != nil {

core/rawdb/freezer_memory.go

@@ -45,14 +45,6 @@ func newMemoryTable(name string, config freezerTableConfig) *memoryTable {
 	return &memoryTable{name: name, config: config}
 }
 
-// has returns an indicator whether the specified data exists.
-func (t *memoryTable) has(number uint64) bool {
-	t.lock.RLock()
-	defer t.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	return number >= t.offset && number < t.items
-}
-
 // retrieve retrieves multiple items in sequence, starting from the index 'start'.
 // It will return:
 //   - at most 'count' items,
@@ -232,17 +224,6 @@ func NewMemoryFreezer(readonly bool, tableName map[string]freezerTableConfig) *M
 	}
 }
 
-// HasAncient returns an indicator whether the specified data exists.
-func (f *MemoryFreezer) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
-	f.lock.RLock()
-	defer f.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	if table := f.tables[kind]; table != nil {
-		return table.has(number), nil
-	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
 // Ancient retrieves an ancient binary blob from the in-memory freezer.
 func (f *MemoryFreezer) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
 	f.lock.RLock()

core/rawdb/freezer_resettable.go

@@ -105,15 +105,6 @@ func (f *resettableFreezer) Close() error {
 	return f.freezer.Close()
 }
 
-// HasAncient returns an indicator whether the specified ancient data exists
-// in the freezer
-func (f *resettableFreezer) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
-	f.lock.RLock()
-	defer f.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	return f.freezer.HasAncient(kind, number)
-}
-
 // Ancient retrieves an ancient binary blob from the append-only immutable files.
 func (f *resettableFreezer) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {
 	f.lock.RLock()

core/rawdb/freezer_table.go

@@ -1106,12 +1106,6 @@ func (t *freezerTable) retrieveItems(start, count, maxBytes uint64) ([]byte, []i
 	return output, sizes, nil
 }
 
-// has returns an indicator whether the specified number data is still accessible
-// in the freezer table.
-func (t *freezerTable) has(number uint64) bool {
-	return t.items.Load() > number && t.itemHidden.Load() <= number
-}
-
 // size returns the total data size in the freezer table.
 func (t *freezerTable) size() (uint64, error) {
 	t.lock.RLock()

core/rawdb/freezer_test.go

@@ -357,9 +357,6 @@ func checkAncientCount(t *testing.T, f *Freezer, kind string, n uint64) {
 	// Check at index n-1.
 	if n > 0 {
 		index := n - 1
-		if ok, _ := f.HasAncient(kind, index); !ok {
-			t.Errorf("HasAncient(%q, %d) returned false unexpectedly", kind, index)
-		}
 		if _, err := f.Ancient(kind, index); err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("Ancient(%q, %d) returned unexpected error %q", kind, index, err)
 		}
@@ -367,9 +364,6 @@ func checkAncientCount(t *testing.T, f *Freezer, kind string, n uint64) {
 
 	// Check at index n.
 	index := n
-	if ok, _ := f.HasAncient(kind, index); ok {
-		t.Errorf("HasAncient(%q, %d) returned true unexpectedly", kind, index)
-	}
 	if _, err := f.Ancient(kind, index); err == nil {
 		t.Errorf("Ancient(%q, %d) didn't return expected error", kind, index)
 	} else if err != errOutOfBounds {

core/rawdb/table.go

@@ -50,12 +50,6 @@ func (t *table) Get(key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	return t.db.Get(append([]byte(t.prefix), key...))
 }
 
-// HasAncient is a noop passthrough that just forwards the request to the underlying
-// database.
-func (t *table) HasAncient(kind string, number uint64) (bool, error) {
-	return t.db.HasAncient(kind, number)
-}
-
 // Ancient is a noop passthrough that just forwards the request to the underlying
 // database.
 func (t *table) Ancient(kind string, number uint64) ([]byte, error) {

core/state/journal.go

@@ -408,6 +408,7 @@ func (ch storageChange) copy() journalEntry {
 		account:   ch.account,
 		key:       ch.key,
 		prevvalue: ch.prevvalue,
+		origvalue: ch.origvalue,
 	}
 }
 

core/state/statedb.go

@@ -252,11 +252,12 @@ func (s *StateDB) AddLog(log *types.Log) {
 
 // GetLogs returns the logs matching the specified transaction hash, and annotates
 // them with the given blockNumber and blockHash.
-func (s *StateDB) GetLogs(hash common.Hash, blockNumber uint64, blockHash common.Hash) []*types.Log {
+func (s *StateDB) GetLogs(hash common.Hash, blockNumber uint64, blockHash common.Hash, blockTime uint64) []*types.Log {
 	logs := s.logs[hash]
 	for _, l := range logs {
 		l.BlockNumber = blockNumber
 		l.BlockHash = blockHash
+		l.BlockTimestamp = blockTime
 	}
 	return logs
 }

core/state/statedb_test.go

@@ -669,9 +669,9 @@ func (test *snapshotTest) checkEqual(state, checkstate *StateDB) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("got GetRefund() == %d, want GetRefund() == %d",
 			state.GetRefund(), checkstate.GetRefund())
 	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(state.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}), checkstate.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{})) {
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(state.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}, 0), checkstate.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}, 0)) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("got GetLogs(common.Hash{}) == %v, want GetLogs(common.Hash{}) == %v",
-			state.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}), checkstate.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}))
+			state.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}, 0), checkstate.GetLogs(common.Hash{}, 0, common.Hash{}, 0))
 	}
 	if !maps.Equal(state.journal.dirties, checkstate.journal.dirties) {
 		getKeys := func(dirty map[common.Address]int) string {

core/state_processor.go

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 		}
 		statedb.SetTxContext(tx.Hash(), i)
 
-		receipt, err := ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, blockNumber, blockHash, tx, usedGas, evm)
+		receipt, err := ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, blockNumber, blockHash, context.Time, tx, usedGas, evm)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not apply tx %d [%v]: %w", i, tx.Hash().Hex(), err)
 		}
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
 // ApplyTransactionWithEVM attempts to apply a transaction to the given state database
 // and uses the input parameters for its environment similar to ApplyTransaction. However,
 // this method takes an already created EVM instance as input.
-func ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg *Message, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, blockNumber *big.Int, blockHash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction, usedGas *uint64, evm *vm.EVM) (receipt *types.Receipt, err error) {
+func ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg *Message, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, blockNumber *big.Int, blockHash common.Hash, blockTime uint64, tx *types.Transaction, usedGas *uint64, evm *vm.EVM) (receipt *types.Receipt, err error) {
 	if hooks := evm.Config.Tracer; hooks != nil {
 		if hooks.OnTxStart != nil {
 			hooks.OnTxStart(evm.GetVMContext(), tx, msg.From)
@@ -165,11 +165,11 @@ func ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg *Message, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB,
 		statedb.AccessEvents().Merge(evm.AccessEvents)
 	}
 
-	return MakeReceipt(evm, result, statedb, blockNumber, blockHash, tx, *usedGas, root), nil
+	return MakeReceipt(evm, result, statedb, blockNumber, blockHash, blockTime, tx, *usedGas, root), nil
 }
 
 // MakeReceipt generates the receipt object for a transaction given its execution result.
-func MakeReceipt(evm *vm.EVM, result *ExecutionResult, statedb *state.StateDB, blockNumber *big.Int, blockHash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction, usedGas uint64, root []byte) *types.Receipt {
+func MakeReceipt(evm *vm.EVM, result *ExecutionResult, statedb *state.StateDB, blockNumber *big.Int, blockHash common.Hash, blockTime uint64, tx *types.Transaction, usedGas uint64, root []byte) *types.Receipt {
 	// Create a new receipt for the transaction, storing the intermediate root and gas used
 	// by the tx.
 	receipt := &types.Receipt{Type: tx.Type(), PostState: root, CumulativeGasUsed: usedGas}
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ func MakeReceipt(evm *vm.EVM, result *ExecutionResult, statedb *state.StateDB, b
 	}
 
 	// Set the receipt logs and create the bloom filter.
-	receipt.Logs = statedb.GetLogs(tx.Hash(), blockNumber.Uint64(), blockHash)
+	receipt.Logs = statedb.GetLogs(tx.Hash(), blockNumber.Uint64(), blockHash, blockTime)
 	receipt.Bloom = types.CreateBloom(receipt)
 	receipt.BlockHash = blockHash
 	receipt.BlockNumber = blockNumber
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ func ApplyTransaction(evm *vm.EVM, gp *GasPool, statedb *state.StateDB, header *
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	// Create a new context to be used in the EVM environment
-	return ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, header.Number, header.Hash(), tx, usedGas, evm)
+	return ApplyTransactionWithEVM(msg, gp, statedb, header.Number, header.Hash(), header.Time, tx, usedGas, evm)
 }
 
 // ProcessBeaconBlockRoot applies the EIP-4788 system call to the beacon block root

core/txindexer_test.go

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func TestTxIndexer(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
-		db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+		db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 		rawdb.WriteAncientBlocks(db, append([]*types.Block{gspec.ToBlock()}, blocks...), types.EncodeBlockReceiptLists(append([]types.Receipts{{}}, receipts...)))
 
 		// Index the initial blocks from ancient store
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func TestTxIndexerRepair(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
-		db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+		db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 		encReceipts := types.EncodeBlockReceiptLists(append([]types.Receipts{{}}, receipts...))
 		rawdb.WriteAncientBlocks(db, append([]*types.Block{gspec.ToBlock()}, blocks...), encReceipts)
 
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ func TestTxIndexerReport(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
-		db, _ := rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), "", "", false)
+		db, _ := rawdb.Open(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), rawdb.OpenOptions{})
 		encReceipts := types.EncodeBlockReceiptLists(append([]types.Receipts{{}}, receipts...))
 		rawdb.WriteAncientBlocks(db, append([]*types.Block{gspec.ToBlock()}, blocks...), encReceipts)
 

core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool.go

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
@@ -62,6 +61,12 @@ const (
 	// limit can never hurt.
 	txMaxSize = 1024 * 1024
 
+	// maxBlobsPerTx is the maximum number of blobs that a single transaction can
+	// carry. We choose a smaller limit than the protocol-permitted MaxBlobsPerBlock
+	// in order to ensure network and txpool stability.
+	// Note: if you increase this, validation will fail on txMaxSize.
+	maxBlobsPerTx = 7
+
 	// maxTxsPerAccount is the maximum number of blob transactions admitted from
 	// a single account. The limit is enforced to minimize the DoS potential of
 	// a private tx cancelling publicly propagated blobs.
@@ -1099,6 +1104,7 @@ func (p *BlobPool) ValidateTxBasics(tx *types.Transaction) error {
 		Accept:       1 << types.BlobTxType,
 		MaxSize:      txMaxSize,
 		MinTip:       p.gasTip.ToBig(),
+		MaxBlobCount: maxBlobsPerTx,
 	}
 	return txpool.ValidateTransaction(tx, p.head, p.signer, opts)
 }
@@ -1295,27 +1301,13 @@ func (p *BlobPool) GetMetadata(hash common.Hash) *txpool.TxMetadata {
 	}
 }
 
-// GetBlobs returns a number of blobs are proofs for the given versioned hashes.
+// GetBlobs returns a number of blobs and proofs for the given versioned hashes.
 // This is a utility method for the engine API, enabling consensus clients to
 // retrieve blobs from the pools directly instead of the network.
-func (p *BlobPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []*kzg4844.Proof) {
+func (p *BlobPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) []*types.BlobTxSidecar {
-	// Create a map of the blob hash to indices for faster fills
+	sidecars := make([]*types.BlobTxSidecar, len(vhashes))
-	var (
+	for idx, vhash := range vhashes {
-		blobs  = make([]*kzg4844.Blob, len(vhashes))
+		// Retrieve the datastore item (in a short lock)
-		proofs = make([]*kzg4844.Proof, len(vhashes))
-	)
-	index := make(map[common.Hash]int)
-	for i, vhash := range vhashes {
-		index[vhash] = i
-	}
-	// Iterate over the blob hashes, pulling transactions that fill it. Take care
-	// to also fill anything else the transaction might include (probably will).
-	for i, vhash := range vhashes {
-		// If already filled by a previous fetch, skip
-		if blobs[i] != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		// Unfilled, retrieve the datastore item (in a short lock)
 		p.lock.RLock()
 		id, exists := p.lookup.storeidOfBlob(vhash)
 		if !exists {
@@ -1335,16 +1327,24 @@ func (p *BlobPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []*kzg4844.
 			log.Error("Blobs corrupted for traced transaction", "id", id, "err", err)
 			continue
 		}
-		// Fill anything requested, not just the current versioned hash
+		sidecars[idx] = item.BlobTxSidecar()
-		sidecar := item.BlobTxSidecar()
+	}
-		for j, blobhash := range item.BlobHashes() {
+	return sidecars
-			if idx, ok := index[blobhash]; ok {
+}
-				blobs[idx] = &sidecar.Blobs[j]
+
-				proofs[idx] = &sidecar.Proofs[j]
+// AvailableBlobs returns the number of blobs that are available in the subpool.
+func (p *BlobPool) AvailableBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) int {
+	available := 0
+	for _, vhash := range vhashes {
+		// Retrieve the datastore item (in a short lock)
+		p.lock.RLock()
+		_, exists := p.lookup.storeidOfBlob(vhash)
+		p.lock.RUnlock()
+		if exists {
+			available++
 		}
 	}
-	}
+	return available
-	return blobs, proofs
 }
 
 // Add inserts a set of blob transactions into the pool if they pass validation (both

core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go

@@ -417,8 +417,23 @@ func verifyBlobRetrievals(t *testing.T, pool *BlobPool) {
 	for i := range testBlobVHashes {
 		copy(hashes[i][:], testBlobVHashes[i][:])
 	}
-	blobs, proofs := pool.GetBlobs(hashes)
+	sidecars := pool.GetBlobs(hashes)
-
+	var blobs []*kzg4844.Blob
+	var proofs []*kzg4844.Proof
+	for idx, sidecar := range sidecars {
+		if sidecar == nil {
+			blobs = append(blobs, nil)
+			proofs = append(proofs, nil)
+			continue
+		}
+		blobHashes := sidecar.BlobHashes()
+		for i, hash := range blobHashes {
+			if hash == hashes[idx] {
+				blobs = append(blobs, &sidecar.Blobs[i])
+				proofs = append(proofs, &sidecar.Proofs[i])
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	// Cross validate what we received vs what we wanted
 	if len(blobs) != len(hashes) || len(proofs) != len(hashes) {
 		t.Errorf("retrieved blobs/proofs size mismatch: have %d/%d, want %d", len(blobs), len(proofs), len(hashes))
@@ -1142,6 +1157,65 @@ func TestChangingSlotterSize(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestBlobCountLimit tests the blobpool enforced limits on the max blob count.
+func TestBlobCountLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		key1, _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+		key2, _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
+
+		addr1 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key1.PublicKey)
+		addr2 = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey)
+	)
+
+	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
+	statedb.AddBalance(addr1, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
+	statedb.AddBalance(addr2, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
+
+	// Make Prague-enabled custom chain config.
+	cancunTime := uint64(0)
+	pragueTime := uint64(0)
+	config := &params.ChainConfig{
+		ChainID:     big.NewInt(1),
+		LondonBlock: big.NewInt(0),
+		BerlinBlock: big.NewInt(0),
+		CancunTime:  &cancunTime,
+		PragueTime:  &pragueTime,
+		BlobScheduleConfig: &params.BlobScheduleConfig{
+			Cancun: params.DefaultCancunBlobConfig,
+			Prague: params.DefaultPragueBlobConfig,
+		},
+	}
+	chain := &testBlockChain{
+		config:  config,
+		basefee: uint256.NewInt(1050),
+		blobfee: uint256.NewInt(105),
+		statedb: statedb,
+	}
+	pool := New(Config{Datadir: t.TempDir()}, chain, nil)
+	if err := pool.Init(1, chain.CurrentBlock(), newReserver()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create blob pool: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Attempt to add transactions.
+	var (
+		tx1 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 1000, 100, 7, key1)
+		tx2 = makeMultiBlobTx(0, 1, 800, 70, 8, key2)
+	)
+	errs := pool.Add([]*types.Transaction{tx1, tx2}, true)
+
+	// Check that first succeeds second fails.
+	if errs[0] != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected tx with 7 blobs to succeed")
+	}
+	if !errors.Is(errs[1], txpool.ErrTxBlobLimitExceeded) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected tx with 8 blobs to fail, got: %v", errs[1])
+	}
+
+	verifyPoolInternals(t, pool)
+	pool.Close()
+}
+
 // Tests that adding transaction will correctly store it in the persistent store
 // and update all the indices.
 //

core/txpool/errors.go

@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ var (
 	// making the transaction invalid, rather a DOS protection.
 	ErrOversizedData = errors.New("oversized data")
 
+	// ErrTxBlobLimitExceeded is returned if a transaction would exceed the number
+	// of blobs allowed by blobpool.
+	ErrTxBlobLimitExceeded = errors.New("transaction blob limit exceeded")
+
 	// ErrAlreadyReserved is returned if the sender address has a pending transaction
 	// in a different subpool. For example, this error is returned in response to any
 	// input transaction of non-blob type when a blob transaction from this sender

core/txpool/legacypool/legacypool.go

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
@@ -1063,12 +1062,6 @@ func (pool *LegacyPool) GetMetadata(hash common.Hash) *txpool.TxMetadata {
 	}
 }
 
-// GetBlobs is not supported by the legacy transaction pool, it is just here to
-// implement the txpool.SubPool interface.
-func (pool *LegacyPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []*kzg4844.Proof) {
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
 // Has returns an indicator whether txpool has a transaction cached with the
 // given hash.
 func (pool *LegacyPool) Has(hash common.Hash) bool {

core/txpool/subpool.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/holiman/uint256"
 )
@@ -133,11 +132,6 @@ type SubPool interface {
 	// given transaction hash.
 	GetMetadata(hash common.Hash) *TxMetadata
 
-	// GetBlobs returns a number of blobs are proofs for the given versioned hashes.
-	// This is a utility method for the engine API, enabling consensus clients to
-	// retrieve blobs from the pools directly instead of the network.
-	GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []*kzg4844.Proof)
-
 	// ValidateTxBasics checks whether a transaction is valid according to the consensus
 	// rules, but does not check state-dependent validation such as sufficient balance.
 	// This check is meant as a static check which can be performed without holding the

core/txpool/txpool.go

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
@@ -308,22 +307,6 @@ func (p *TxPool) GetMetadata(hash common.Hash) *TxMetadata {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// GetBlobs returns a number of blobs are proofs for the given versioned hashes.
-// This is a utility method for the engine API, enabling consensus clients to
-// retrieve blobs from the pools directly instead of the network.
-func (p *TxPool) GetBlobs(vhashes []common.Hash) ([]*kzg4844.Blob, []*kzg4844.Proof) {
-	for _, subpool := range p.subpools {
-		// It's an ugly to assume that only one pool will be capable of returning
-		// anything meaningful for this call, but anythingh else requires merging
-		// partial responses and that's too annoying to do until we get a second
-		// blobpool (probably never).
-		if blobs, proofs := subpool.GetBlobs(vhashes); blobs != nil {
-			return blobs, proofs
-		}
-	}
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
 // Add enqueues a batch of transactions into the pool if they are valid. Due
 // to the large transaction churn, add may postpone fully integrating the tx
 // to a later point to batch multiple ones together.

core/txpool/validation.go

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ type ValidationOptions struct {
 
 	Accept       uint8    // Bitmap of transaction types that should be accepted for the calling pool
 	MaxSize      uint64   // Maximum size of a transaction that the caller can meaningfully handle
+	MaxBlobCount int      // Maximum number of blobs allowed per transaction
 	MinTip       *big.Int // Minimum gas tip needed to allow a transaction into the caller pool
 }
 
@@ -63,6 +64,9 @@ func ValidateTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, head *types.Header, signer types
 	if opts.Accept&(1<<tx.Type()) == 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: tx type %v not supported by this pool", core.ErrTxTypeNotSupported, tx.Type())
 	}
+	if blobCount := len(tx.BlobHashes()); blobCount > opts.MaxBlobCount {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: blob count %v, limit %v", ErrTxBlobLimitExceeded, blobCount, opts.MaxBlobCount)
+	}
 	// Before performing any expensive validations, sanity check that the tx is
 	// smaller than the maximum limit the pool can meaningfully handle
 	if tx.Size() > opts.MaxSize {
@@ -134,14 +138,26 @@ func ValidateTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, head *types.Header, signer types
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: gas tip cap %v, minimum needed %v", ErrTxGasPriceTooLow, tx.GasTipCap(), opts.MinTip)
 	}
 	if tx.Type() == types.BlobTxType {
-		// Ensure the blob fee cap satisfies the minimum blob gas price
+		return validateBlobTx(tx, head, opts)
-		if tx.BlobGasFeeCapIntCmp(blobTxMinBlobGasPrice) < 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: blob fee cap %v, minimum needed %v", ErrTxGasPriceTooLow, tx.BlobGasFeeCap(), blobTxMinBlobGasPrice)
 	}
+	if tx.Type() == types.SetCodeTxType {
+		if len(tx.SetCodeAuthorizations()) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("set code tx must have at least one authorization tuple")
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validateBlobTx implements the blob-transaction specific validations.
+func validateBlobTx(tx *types.Transaction, head *types.Header, opts *ValidationOptions) error {
 	sidecar := tx.BlobTxSidecar()
 	if sidecar == nil {
 		return errors.New("missing sidecar in blob transaction")
 	}
+	// Ensure the blob fee cap satisfies the minimum blob gas price
+	if tx.BlobGasFeeCapIntCmp(blobTxMinBlobGasPrice) < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: blob fee cap %v, minimum needed %v", ErrTxGasPriceTooLow, tx.BlobGasFeeCap(), blobTxMinBlobGasPrice)
+	}
 	// Ensure the number of items in the blob transaction and various side
 	// data match up before doing any expensive validations
 	hashes := tx.BlobHashes()
@@ -152,31 +168,26 @@ func ValidateTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, head *types.Header, signer types
 	if len(hashes) > maxBlobs {
 		return fmt.Errorf("too many blobs in transaction: have %d, permitted %d", len(hashes), maxBlobs)
 	}
-		// Ensure commitments, proofs and hashes are valid
-		if err := validateBlobSidecar(hashes, sidecar); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	if tx.Type() == types.SetCodeTxType {
-		if len(tx.SetCodeAuthorizations()) == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("set code tx must have at least one authorization tuple")
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func validateBlobSidecar(hashes []common.Hash, sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar) error {
 	if len(sidecar.Blobs) != len(hashes) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blobs compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Blobs), len(hashes))
 	}
-	if len(sidecar.Proofs) != len(hashes) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob proofs compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Proofs), len(hashes))
-	}
 	if err := sidecar.ValidateBlobCommitmentHashes(hashes); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	// Blob commitments match with the hashes in the transaction, verify the
+	// Fork-specific sidecar checks, including proof verification.
-	// blobs themselves via KZG
+	if opts.Config.IsOsaka(head.Number, head.Time) {
+		return validateBlobSidecarOsaka(sidecar, hashes)
+	}
+	return validateBlobSidecarLegacy(sidecar, hashes)
+}
+
+func validateBlobSidecarLegacy(sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar, hashes []common.Hash) error {
+	if sidecar.Version != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid sidecar version pre-osaka: %v", sidecar.Version)
+	}
+	if len(sidecar.Proofs) != len(hashes) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob proofs expected %d", len(sidecar.Proofs), len(hashes))
+	}
 	for i := range sidecar.Blobs {
 		if err := kzg4844.VerifyBlobProof(&sidecar.Blobs[i], sidecar.Commitments[i], sidecar.Proofs[i]); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("invalid blob %d: %v", i, err)
@@ -185,6 +196,16 @@ func validateBlobSidecar(hashes []common.Hash, sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar) err
 	return nil
 }
 
+func validateBlobSidecarOsaka(sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar, hashes []common.Hash) error {
+	if sidecar.Version != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid sidecar version post-osaka: %v", sidecar.Version)
+	}
+	if len(sidecar.Proofs) != len(hashes)*kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob proofs expected %d", len(sidecar.Proofs), len(hashes)*kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob)
+	}
+	return kzg4844.VerifyCellProofs(sidecar.Blobs, sidecar.Commitments, sidecar.Proofs)
+}
+
 // ValidationOptionsWithState define certain differences between stateful transaction
 // validation across the different pools without having to duplicate those checks.
 type ValidationOptionsWithState struct {

core/types/gen_log_json.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ func (l Log) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		TxHash         common.Hash    `json:"transactionHash" gencodec:"required" rlp:"-"`
 		TxIndex        hexutil.Uint   `json:"transactionIndex" rlp:"-"`
 		BlockHash      common.Hash    `json:"blockHash" rlp:"-"`
+		BlockTimestamp uint64         `json:"blockTimestamp" rlp:"-"`
 		Index          hexutil.Uint   `json:"logIndex" rlp:"-"`
 		Removed        bool           `json:"removed" rlp:"-"`
 	}
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ func (l Log) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	enc.TxHash = l.TxHash
 	enc.TxIndex = hexutil.Uint(l.TxIndex)
 	enc.BlockHash = l.BlockHash
+	enc.BlockTimestamp = l.BlockTimestamp
 	enc.Index = hexutil.Uint(l.Index)
 	enc.Removed = l.Removed
 	return json.Marshal(&enc)
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ func (l *Log) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 		TxHash         *common.Hash    `json:"transactionHash" gencodec:"required" rlp:"-"`
 		TxIndex        *hexutil.Uint   `json:"transactionIndex" rlp:"-"`
 		BlockHash      *common.Hash    `json:"blockHash" rlp:"-"`
+		BlockTimestamp *uint64         `json:"blockTimestamp" rlp:"-"`
 		Index          *hexutil.Uint   `json:"logIndex" rlp:"-"`
 		Removed        *bool           `json:"removed" rlp:"-"`
 	}
@@ -80,6 +83,9 @@ func (l *Log) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 	if dec.BlockHash != nil {
 		l.BlockHash = *dec.BlockHash
 	}
+	if dec.BlockTimestamp != nil {
+		l.BlockTimestamp = *dec.BlockTimestamp
+	}
 	if dec.Index != nil {
 		l.Index = uint(*dec.Index)
 	}

core/types/log.go

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ type Log struct {
 	TxIndex uint `json:"transactionIndex" rlp:"-"`
 	// hash of the block in which the transaction was included
 	BlockHash common.Hash `json:"blockHash" rlp:"-"`
+	// timestamp of the block in which the transaction was included
+	BlockTimestamp uint64 `json:"blockTimestamp" rlp:"-"`
 	// index of the log in the block
 	Index uint `json:"logIndex" rlp:"-"`
 

core/types/receipt.go

@@ -367,6 +367,7 @@ func (rs Receipts) DeriveFields(config *params.ChainConfig, hash common.Hash, nu
 		for j := 0; j < len(rs[i].Logs); j++ {
 			rs[i].Logs[j].BlockNumber = number
 			rs[i].Logs[j].BlockHash = hash
+			rs[i].Logs[j].BlockTimestamp = time
 			rs[i].Logs[j].TxHash = rs[i].TxHash
 			rs[i].Logs[j].TxIndex = uint(i)
 			rs[i].Logs[j].Index = logIndex

core/types/receipt_test.go

@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ func getTestReceipts() Receipts {
 						TxHash:         txs[0].Hash(),
 						TxIndex:        0,
 						BlockHash:      blockHash,
+						BlockTimestamp: blockTime,
 						Index:          0,
 					},
 					{
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@ func getTestReceipts() Receipts {
 						TxHash:         txs[0].Hash(),
 						TxIndex:        0,
 						BlockHash:      blockHash,
+						BlockTimestamp: blockTime,
 						Index:          1,
 					},
 				},
@@ -211,6 +213,7 @@ func getTestReceipts() Receipts {
 						TxHash:         txs[1].Hash(),
 						TxIndex:        1,
 						BlockHash:      blockHash,
+						BlockTimestamp: blockTime,
 						Index:          2,
 					},
 					{
@@ -221,6 +224,7 @@ func getTestReceipts() Receipts {
 						TxHash:         txs[1].Hash(),
 						TxIndex:        1,
 						BlockHash:      blockHash,
+						BlockTimestamp: blockTime,
 						Index:          3,
 					},
 				},

core/types/tx_blob.go

@@ -19,9 +19,12 @@ package types
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"crypto/sha256"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 
+	"slices"
+
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ type BlobTx struct {
 
 // BlobTxSidecar contains the blobs of a blob transaction.
 type BlobTxSidecar struct {
+	Version     byte                 // Version
 	Blobs       []kzg4844.Blob       // Blobs needed by the blob pool
 	Commitments []kzg4844.Commitment // Commitments needed by the blob pool
 	Proofs      []kzg4844.Proof      // Proofs needed by the blob pool
@@ -70,6 +74,20 @@ func (sc *BlobTxSidecar) BlobHashes() []common.Hash {
 	return h
 }
 
+// CellProofsAt returns the cell proofs for blob with index idx.
+func (sc *BlobTxSidecar) CellProofsAt(idx int) []kzg4844.Proof {
+	var cellProofs []kzg4844.Proof
+	for i := range kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob {
+		index := idx*kzg4844.CellProofsPerBlob + i
+		if index > len(sc.Proofs) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		proof := sc.Proofs[index]
+		cellProofs = append(cellProofs, proof)
+	}
+	return cellProofs
+}
+
 // encodedSize computes the RLP size of the sidecar elements. This does NOT return the
 // encoded size of the BlobTxSidecar, it's just a helper for tx.Size().
 func (sc *BlobTxSidecar) encodedSize() uint64 {
@@ -102,14 +120,55 @@ func (sc *BlobTxSidecar) ValidateBlobCommitmentHashes(hashes []common.Hash) erro
 	return nil
 }
 
-// blobTxWithBlobs is used for encoding of transactions when blobs are present.
+// blobTxWithBlobs represents blob tx with its corresponding sidecar.
-type blobTxWithBlobs struct {
+// This is an interface because sidecars are versioned.
+type blobTxWithBlobs interface {
+	tx() *BlobTx
+	assign(*BlobTxSidecar) error
+}
+
+type blobTxWithBlobsV0 struct {
 	BlobTx      *BlobTx
 	Blobs       []kzg4844.Blob
 	Commitments []kzg4844.Commitment
 	Proofs      []kzg4844.Proof
 }
 
+type blobTxWithBlobsV1 struct {
+	BlobTx      *BlobTx
+	Version     byte
+	Blobs       []kzg4844.Blob
+	Commitments []kzg4844.Commitment
+	Proofs      []kzg4844.Proof
+}
+
+func (btx *blobTxWithBlobsV0) tx() *BlobTx {
+	return btx.BlobTx
+}
+
+func (btx *blobTxWithBlobsV0) assign(sc *BlobTxSidecar) error {
+	sc.Version = 0
+	sc.Blobs = btx.Blobs
+	sc.Commitments = btx.Commitments
+	sc.Proofs = btx.Proofs
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (btx *blobTxWithBlobsV1) tx() *BlobTx {
+	return btx.BlobTx
+}
+
+func (btx *blobTxWithBlobsV1) assign(sc *BlobTxSidecar) error {
+	if btx.Version != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported blob tx version %d", btx.Version)
+	}
+	sc.Version = 1
+	sc.Blobs = btx.Blobs
+	sc.Commitments = btx.Commitments
+	sc.Proofs = btx.Proofs
+	return nil
+}
+
 // copy creates a deep copy of the transaction data and initializes all fields.
 func (tx *BlobTx) copy() TxData {
 	cpy := &BlobTx{
@@ -158,9 +217,9 @@ func (tx *BlobTx) copy() TxData {
 	}
 	if tx.Sidecar != nil {
 		cpy.Sidecar = &BlobTxSidecar{
-			Blobs:       append([]kzg4844.Blob(nil), tx.Sidecar.Blobs...),
+			Blobs:       slices.Clone(tx.Sidecar.Blobs),
-			Commitments: append([]kzg4844.Commitment(nil), tx.Sidecar.Commitments...),
+			Commitments: slices.Clone(tx.Sidecar.Commitments),
-			Proofs:      append([]kzg4844.Proof(nil), tx.Sidecar.Proofs...),
+			Proofs:      slices.Clone(tx.Sidecar.Proofs),
 		}
 	}
 	return cpy
@@ -215,48 +274,98 @@ func (tx *BlobTx) withSidecar(sideCar *BlobTxSidecar) *BlobTx {
 }
 
 func (tx *BlobTx) encode(b *bytes.Buffer) error {
-	if tx.Sidecar == nil {
+	switch {
+	case tx.Sidecar == nil:
 		return rlp.Encode(b, tx)
-	}
+
-	inner := &blobTxWithBlobs{
+	case tx.Sidecar.Version == 0:
+		return rlp.Encode(b, &blobTxWithBlobsV0{
 			BlobTx:      tx,
 			Blobs:       tx.Sidecar.Blobs,
 			Commitments: tx.Sidecar.Commitments,
 			Proofs:      tx.Sidecar.Proofs,
+		})
+
+	case tx.Sidecar.Version == 1:
+		return rlp.Encode(b, &blobTxWithBlobsV1{
+			BlobTx:      tx,
+			Version:     tx.Sidecar.Version,
+			Blobs:       tx.Sidecar.Blobs,
+			Commitments: tx.Sidecar.Commitments,
+			Proofs:      tx.Sidecar.Proofs,
+		})
+
+	default:
+		return errors.New("unsupported sidecar version")
 	}
-	return rlp.Encode(b, inner)
 }
 
 func (tx *BlobTx) decode(input []byte) error {
-	// Here we need to support two formats: the network protocol encoding of the tx (with
+	// Here we need to support two outer formats: the network protocol encoding of the tx
-	// blobs) or the canonical encoding without blobs.
+	// (with blobs) or the canonical encoding without blobs.
 	//
-	// The two encodings can be distinguished by checking whether the first element of the
+	// The canonical encoding is just a list of fields:
-	// input list is itself a list.
+	//
+	//     [chainID, nonce, ...]
+	//
+	// The network encoding is a list where the first element is the tx in the canonical encoding,
+	// and the remaining elements are the 'sidecar':
+	//
+	//     [[chainID, nonce, ...], ...]
+	//
+	// The two outer encodings can be distinguished by checking whether the first element
+	// of the input list is itself a list. If it's the canonical encoding, the first
+	// element is the chainID, which is a number.
 
-	outerList, _, err := rlp.SplitList(input)
+	firstElem, _, err := rlp.SplitList(input)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	firstElemKind, _, _, err := rlp.Split(outerList)
+	firstElemKind, _, secondElem, err := rlp.Split(firstElem)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
 	if firstElemKind != rlp.List {
+		// Blob tx without blobs.
 		return rlp.DecodeBytes(input, tx)
 	}
-	// It's a tx with blobs.
+
-	var inner blobTxWithBlobs
+	// Now we know it's the network encoding with the blob sidecar. Here we again need to
-	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(input, &inner); err != nil {
+	// support multiple encodings: legacy sidecars (v0) with a blob proof, and versioned
+	// sidecars.
+	//
+	// The legacy encoding is:
+	//
+	//     [tx, blobs, commitments, proofs]
+	//
+	// The versioned encoding is:
+	//
+	//     [tx, version, blobs, ...]
+	//
+	// We can tell the two apart by checking whether the second element is the version byte.
+	// For legacy sidecar the second element is a list of blobs.
+
+	secondElemKind, _, _, err := rlp.Split(secondElem)
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	*tx = *inner.BlobTx
+	var payload blobTxWithBlobs
-	tx.Sidecar = &BlobTxSidecar{
+	if secondElemKind == rlp.List {
-		Blobs:       inner.Blobs,
+		// No version byte: blob sidecar v0.
-		Commitments: inner.Commitments,
+		payload = new(blobTxWithBlobsV0)
-		Proofs:      inner.Proofs,
+	} else {
+		// It has a version byte. Decode as v1, version is checked by assign()
+		payload = new(blobTxWithBlobsV1)
 	}
+	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(input, payload); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	sc := new(BlobTxSidecar)
+	if err := payload.assign(sc); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*tx = *payload.tx()
+	tx.Sidecar = sc
 	return nil
 }
 

core/vm/analysis_eof.go

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-// eofCodeBitmap collects data locations in code.
-func eofCodeBitmap(code []byte) bitvec {
-	// The bitmap is 4 bytes longer than necessary, in case the code
-	// ends with a PUSH32, the algorithm will push zeroes onto the
-	// bitvector outside the bounds of the actual code.
-	bits := make(bitvec, len(code)/8+1+4)
-	return eofCodeBitmapInternal(code, bits)
-}
-
-// eofCodeBitmapInternal is the internal implementation of codeBitmap for EOF
-// code validation.
-func eofCodeBitmapInternal(code, bits bitvec) bitvec {
-	for pc := uint64(0); pc < uint64(len(code)); {
-		var (
-			op      = OpCode(code[pc])
-			numbits uint16
-		)
-		pc++
-
-		if op == RJUMPV {
-			// RJUMPV is unique as it has a variable sized operand.
-			// The total size is determined by the count byte which
-			// immediate follows RJUMPV. Truncation will be caught
-			// in other validation steps -- for now, just return a
-			// valid bitmap for as much of the code as is
-			// available.
-			end := uint64(len(code))
-			if pc >= end {
-				// Count missing, no more bits to mark.
-				return bits
-			}
-			numbits = uint16(code[pc])*2 + 3
-			if pc+uint64(numbits) > end {
-				// Jump table is truncated, mark as many bits
-				// as possible.
-				numbits = uint16(end - pc)
-			}
-		} else {
-			numbits = uint16(Immediates(op))
-			if numbits == 0 {
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		if numbits >= 8 {
-			for ; numbits >= 16; numbits -= 16 {
-				bits.set16(pc)
-				pc += 16
-			}
-			for ; numbits >= 8; numbits -= 8 {
-				bits.set8(pc)
-				pc += 8
-			}
-		}
-		switch numbits {
-		case 1:
-			bits.set1(pc)
-			pc += 1
-		case 2:
-			bits.setN(set2BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 2
-		case 3:
-			bits.setN(set3BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 3
-		case 4:
-			bits.setN(set4BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 4
-		case 5:
-			bits.setN(set5BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 5
-		case 6:
-			bits.setN(set6BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 6
-		case 7:
-			bits.setN(set7BitsMask, pc)
-			pc += 7
-		}
-	}
-	return bits
-}

core/vm/analysis_legacy_test.go

@@ -105,31 +105,3 @@ func BenchmarkJumpdestOpAnalysis(bench *testing.B) {
 	op = STOP
 	bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
 }
-
-func BenchmarkJumpdestOpEOFAnalysis(bench *testing.B) {
-	var op OpCode
-	bencher := func(b *testing.B) {
-		code := make([]byte, analysisCodeSize)
-		b.SetBytes(analysisCodeSize)
-		for i := range code {
-			code[i] = byte(op)
-		}
-		bits := make(bitvec, len(code)/8+1+4)
-		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			clear(bits)
-			eofCodeBitmapInternal(code, bits)
-		}
-	}
-	for op = PUSH1; op <= PUSH32; op++ {
-		bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
-	}
-	op = JUMPDEST
-	bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
-	op = STOP
-	bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
-	op = RJUMPV
-	bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
-	op = EOFCREATE
-	bench.Run(op.String(), bencher)
-}

core/vm/contracts.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsByzantium = PrecompiledContracts{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x2}): &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x3}): &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x4}): &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: false},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: false, eip7823: false, eip7883: false},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x6}): &bn256AddByzantium{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x7}): &bn256ScalarMulByzantium{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x8}): &bn256PairingByzantium{},
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsIstanbul = PrecompiledContracts{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x2}): &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x3}): &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x4}): &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: false},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: false, eip7823: false, eip7883: false},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x6}): &bn256AddIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x7}): &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x8}): &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsBerlin = PrecompiledContracts{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x2}): &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x3}): &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x4}): &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7823: false, eip7883: false},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x6}): &bn256AddIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x7}): &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x8}): &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsCancun = PrecompiledContracts{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x2}): &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x3}): &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x4}): &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7823: false, eip7883: false},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x6}): &bn256AddIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x7}): &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x8}): &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsPrague = PrecompiledContracts{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x02}): &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x03}): &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x04}): &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x05}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x05}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7823: false, eip7883: false},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x06}): &bn256AddIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x07}): &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x08}): &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
@@ -141,7 +141,30 @@ var PrecompiledContractsBLS = PrecompiledContractsPrague
 
 var PrecompiledContractsVerkle = PrecompiledContractsBerlin
 
+// PrecompiledContractsOsaka contains the set of pre-compiled Ethereum
+// contracts used in the Osaka release.
+var PrecompiledContractsOsaka = PrecompiledContracts{
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x01}): &ecrecover{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x02}): &sha256hash{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x03}): &ripemd160hash{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x04}): &dataCopy{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x05}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7823: true, eip7883: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x06}): &bn256AddIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x07}): &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x08}): &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x09}): &blake2F{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0a}): &kzgPointEvaluation{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0b}): &bls12381G1Add{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0c}): &bls12381G1MultiExp{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0d}): &bls12381G2Add{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0e}): &bls12381G2MultiExp{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x0f}): &bls12381Pairing{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x10}): &bls12381MapG1{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0x11}): &bls12381MapG2{},
+}
+
 var (
+	PrecompiledAddressesOsaka     []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesPrague    []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesCancun    []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesBerlin    []common.Address
@@ -169,12 +192,17 @@ func init() {
 	for k := range PrecompiledContractsPrague {
 		PrecompiledAddressesPrague = append(PrecompiledAddressesPrague, k)
 	}
+	for k := range PrecompiledContractsOsaka {
+		PrecompiledAddressesOsaka = append(PrecompiledAddressesOsaka, k)
+	}
 }
 
 func activePrecompiledContracts(rules params.Rules) PrecompiledContracts {
 	switch {
 	case rules.IsVerkle:
 		return PrecompiledContractsVerkle
+	case rules.IsOsaka:
+		return PrecompiledContractsOsaka
 	case rules.IsPrague:
 		return PrecompiledContractsPrague
 	case rules.IsCancun:
@@ -198,6 +226,8 @@ func ActivePrecompiledContracts(rules params.Rules) PrecompiledContracts {
 // ActivePrecompiles returns the precompile addresses enabled with the current configuration.
 func ActivePrecompiles(rules params.Rules) []common.Address {
 	switch {
+	case rules.IsOsaka:
+		return PrecompiledAddressesOsaka
 	case rules.IsPrague:
 		return PrecompiledAddressesPrague
 	case rules.IsCancun:
@@ -317,6 +347,8 @@ func (c *dataCopy) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 // bigModExp implements a native big integer exponential modular operation.
 type bigModExp struct {
 	eip2565 bool
+	eip7823 bool
+	eip7883 bool
 }
 
 var (
@@ -392,8 +424,12 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
 	adjExpLen := new(big.Int)
 	if expLen.Cmp(big32) > 0 {
 		adjExpLen.Sub(expLen, big32)
+		if c.eip7883 {
+			adjExpLen.Lsh(adjExpLen, 4)
+		} else {
 			adjExpLen.Lsh(adjExpLen, 3)
 		}
+	}
 	adjExpLen.Add(adjExpLen, big.NewInt(int64(msb)))
 	// Calculate the gas cost of the operation
 	gas := new(big.Int)
@@ -402,8 +438,11 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
 	} else {
 		gas.Set(modLen)
 	}
+
+	maxLenOver32 := gas.Cmp(big32) > 0
 	if c.eip2565 {
-		// EIP-2565 has three changes
+		// EIP-2565 (Berlin fork) has three changes:
+		//
 		// 1. Different multComplexity (inlined here)
 		// in EIP-2565 (https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2565):
 		//
@@ -415,6 +454,14 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
 		gas.Rsh(gas, 3)
 		gas.Mul(gas, gas)
 
+		var minPrice uint64 = 200
+		if c.eip7883 {
+			minPrice = 500
+			if maxLenOver32 {
+				gas.Add(gas, gas)
+			}
+		}
+
 		if adjExpLen.Cmp(big1) > 0 {
 			gas.Mul(gas, adjExpLen)
 		}
@@ -423,18 +470,15 @@ func (c *bigModExp) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
 		if gas.BitLen() > 64 {
 			return math.MaxUint64
 		}
-		// 3. Minimum price of 200 gas
+		return max(minPrice, gas.Uint64())
-		if gas.Uint64() < 200 {
-			return 200
-		}
-		return gas.Uint64()
 	}
+
+	// Pre-Berlin logic.
 	gas = modexpMultComplexity(gas)
 	if adjExpLen.Cmp(big1) > 0 {
 		gas.Mul(gas, adjExpLen)
 	}
 	gas.Div(gas, big20)
-
 	if gas.BitLen() > 64 {
 		return math.MaxUint64
 	}
@@ -456,6 +500,10 @@ func (c *bigModExp) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	if baseLen == 0 && modLen == 0 {
 		return []byte{}, nil
 	}
+	// enforce size cap for inputs
+	if c.eip7823 && max(baseLen, expLen, modLen) > 1024 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("one or more of base/exponent/modulus length exceeded 1024 bytes")
+	}
 	// Retrieve the operands and execute the exponentiation
 	var (
 		base = new(big.Int).SetBytes(getData(input, 0, baseLen))

core/vm/contracts_test.go

@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ var allPrecompiles = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}):    &sha256hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}):    &ripemd160hash{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}):    &dataCopy{},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}):    &bigModExp{eip2565: false},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}):    &bigModExp{eip2565: false, eip7883: false},
-	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0xf5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0xf5}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7883: false},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{0xf6}): &bigModExp{eip2565: true, eip7883: true},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}):    &bn256AddIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}):    &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}):    &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
@@ -238,6 +239,9 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledModExp(b *testing.B) { benchJson("modexp", "05", b) }
 func TestPrecompiledModExpEip2565(t *testing.T)      { testJson("modexp_eip2565", "f5", t) }
 func BenchmarkPrecompiledModExpEip2565(b *testing.B) { benchJson("modexp_eip2565", "f5", b) }
 
+func TestPrecompiledModExpEip7883(t *testing.T)      { testJson("modexp_eip7883", "f6", t) }
+func BenchmarkPrecompiledModExpEip7883(b *testing.B) { benchJson("modexp_eip7883", "f6", b) }
+
 // Tests the sample inputs from the elliptic curve addition EIP 213.
 func TestPrecompiledBn256Add(t *testing.T)      { testJson("bn256Add", "06", t) }
 func BenchmarkPrecompiledBn256Add(b *testing.B) { benchJson("bn256Add", "06", b) }
@@ -370,7 +374,7 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledBLS12381G1MultiExpWorstCase(b *testing.B) {
 		Name:        "WorstCaseG1",
 		NoBenchmark: false,
 	}
-	benchmarkPrecompiled("f0c", testcase, b)
+	benchmarkPrecompiled("f0b", testcase, b)
 }
 
 // BenchmarkPrecompiledBLS12381G2MultiExpWorstCase benchmarks the worst case we could find that still fits a gaslimit of 10MGas.
@@ -391,5 +395,5 @@ func BenchmarkPrecompiledBLS12381G2MultiExpWorstCase(b *testing.B) {
 		Name:        "WorstCaseG2",
 		NoBenchmark: false,
 	}
-	benchmarkPrecompiled("f0f", testcase, b)
+	benchmarkPrecompiled("f0d", testcase, b)
 }

core/vm/eips.go

@@ -531,176 +531,6 @@ func enable4762(jt *JumpTable) {
 	}
 }
 
-// enableEOF applies the EOF changes.
-// OBS! For EOF, there are two changes:
-//  1. Two separate jumptables are required. One, EOF-jumptable, is used by
-//     eof contracts. This one contains things like RJUMP.
-//  2. The regular non-eof jumptable also needs to be modified, specifically to
-//     modify how EXTCODECOPY works under the hood.
-//
-// This method _only_ deals with case 1.
-func enableEOF(jt *JumpTable) {
-	// Deprecate opcodes
-	undefined := &operation{
-		execute:     opUndefined,
-		constantGas: 0,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-		undefined:   true,
-	}
-	jt[CALL] = undefined
-	jt[CALLCODE] = undefined
-	jt[DELEGATECALL] = undefined
-	jt[STATICCALL] = undefined
-	jt[SELFDESTRUCT] = undefined
-	jt[JUMP] = undefined
-	jt[JUMPI] = undefined
-	jt[PC] = undefined
-	jt[CREATE] = undefined
-	jt[CREATE2] = undefined
-	jt[CODESIZE] = undefined
-	jt[CODECOPY] = undefined
-	jt[EXTCODESIZE] = undefined
-	jt[EXTCODECOPY] = undefined
-	jt[EXTCODEHASH] = undefined
-	jt[GAS] = undefined
-	// Allow 0xFE to terminate sections
-	jt[INVALID] = &operation{
-		execute:     opUndefined,
-		constantGas: 0,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-
-	// New opcodes
-	jt[RJUMP] = &operation{
-		execute:     opRjump,
-		constantGas: GasQuickStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[RJUMPI] = &operation{
-		execute:     opRjumpi,
-		constantGas: GasFastishStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(1, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(1, 0),
-	}
-	jt[RJUMPV] = &operation{
-		execute:     opRjumpv,
-		constantGas: GasFastishStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(1, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(1, 0),
-	}
-	jt[CALLF] = &operation{
-		execute:     opCallf,
-		constantGas: GasFastStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[RETF] = &operation{
-		execute:     opRetf,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[JUMPF] = &operation{
-		execute:     opJumpf,
-		constantGas: GasFastStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[EOFCREATE] = &operation{
-		execute:     opEOFCreate,
-		constantGas: params.Create2Gas,
-		dynamicGas:  gasEOFCreate,
-		minStack:    minStack(4, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(4, 1),
-		memorySize:  memoryEOFCreate,
-	}
-	jt[RETURNCONTRACT] = &operation{
-		execute: opReturnContract,
-		// returncontract has zero constant gas cost
-		dynamicGas: pureMemoryGascost,
-		minStack:   minStack(2, 0),
-		maxStack:   maxStack(2, 0),
-		memorySize: memoryReturnContract,
-	}
-	jt[DATALOAD] = &operation{
-		execute:     opDataLoad,
-		constantGas: GasFastishStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(1, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(1, 1),
-	}
-	jt[DATALOADN] = &operation{
-		execute:     opDataLoadN,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 1),
-	}
-	jt[DATASIZE] = &operation{
-		execute:     opDataSize,
-		constantGas: GasQuickStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 1),
-	}
-	jt[DATACOPY] = &operation{
-		execute:     opDataCopy,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		dynamicGas:  memoryCopierGas(2),
-		minStack:    minStack(3, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(3, 0),
-		memorySize:  memoryDataCopy,
-	}
-	jt[DUPN] = &operation{
-		execute:     opDupN,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 1),
-	}
-	jt[SWAPN] = &operation{
-		execute:     opSwapN,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[EXCHANGE] = &operation{
-		execute:     opExchange,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(0, 0),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 0),
-	}
-	jt[RETURNDATALOAD] = &operation{
-		execute:     opReturnDataLoad,
-		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
-		minStack:    minStack(1, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(1, 1),
-	}
-	jt[EXTCALL] = &operation{
-		execute:     opExtCall,
-		constantGas: params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929,
-		dynamicGas:  makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasExtCall, 0),
-		minStack:    minStack(4, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(4, 1),
-		memorySize:  memoryExtCall,
-	}
-	jt[EXTDELEGATECALL] = &operation{
-		execute:     opExtDelegateCall,
-		dynamicGas:  makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasExtDelegateCall, 0),
-		constantGas: params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929,
-		minStack:    minStack(3, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(3, 1),
-		memorySize:  memoryExtCall,
-	}
-	jt[EXTSTATICCALL] = &operation{
-		execute:     opExtStaticCall,
-		constantGas: params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929,
-		dynamicGas:  makeCallVariantGasCallEIP2929(gasExtStaticCall, 0),
-		minStack:    minStack(3, 1),
-		maxStack:    maxStack(3, 1),
-		memorySize:  memoryExtCall,
-	}
-}
-
 // enable7702 the EIP-7702 changes to support delegation designators.
 func enable7702(jt *JumpTable) {
 	jt[CALL].dynamicGas = gasCallEIP7702

core/vm/eof.go

@@ -1,501 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-)
-
-const (
-	offsetVersion   = 2
-	offsetTypesKind = 3
-	offsetCodeKind  = 6
-
-	kindTypes     = 1
-	kindCode      = 2
-	kindContainer = 3
-	kindData      = 4
-
-	eofFormatByte = 0xef
-	eof1Version   = 1
-
-	maxInputItems        = 127
-	maxOutputItems       = 128
-	maxStackHeight       = 1023
-	maxContainerSections = 256
-)
-
-var eofMagic = []byte{0xef, 0x00}
-
-// HasEOFByte returns true if code starts with 0xEF byte
-func HasEOFByte(code []byte) bool {
-	return len(code) != 0 && code[0] == eofFormatByte
-}
-
-// hasEOFMagic returns true if code starts with magic defined by EIP-3540
-func hasEOFMagic(code []byte) bool {
-	return len(eofMagic) <= len(code) && bytes.Equal(eofMagic, code[0:len(eofMagic)])
-}
-
-// isEOFVersion1 returns true if the code's version byte equals eof1Version. It
-// does not verify the EOF magic is valid.
-func isEOFVersion1(code []byte) bool {
-	return 2 < len(code) && code[2] == byte(eof1Version)
-}
-
-// Container is an EOF container object.
-type Container struct {
-	types             []*functionMetadata
-	codeSections      [][]byte
-	subContainers     []*Container
-	subContainerCodes [][]byte
-	data              []byte
-	dataSize          int // might be more than len(data)
-}
-
-// functionMetadata is an EOF function signature.
-type functionMetadata struct {
-	inputs         uint8
-	outputs        uint8
-	maxStackHeight uint16
-}
-
-// stackDelta returns the #outputs - #inputs
-func (meta *functionMetadata) stackDelta() int {
-	return int(meta.outputs) - int(meta.inputs)
-}
-
-// checkInputs checks the current minimum stack (stackMin) against the required inputs
-// of the metadata, and returns an error if the stack is too shallow.
-func (meta *functionMetadata) checkInputs(stackMin int) error {
-	if int(meta.inputs) > stackMin {
-		return ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: stackMin, required: int(meta.inputs)}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// checkStackMax checks the if current maximum stack combined with the
-// function max stack will result in a stack overflow, and if so returns an error.
-func (meta *functionMetadata) checkStackMax(stackMax int) error {
-	newMaxStack := stackMax + int(meta.maxStackHeight) - int(meta.inputs)
-	if newMaxStack > int(params.StackLimit) {
-		return ErrStackOverflow{stackLen: newMaxStack, limit: int(params.StackLimit)}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// MarshalBinary encodes an EOF container into binary format.
-func (c *Container) MarshalBinary() []byte {
-	// Build EOF prefix.
-	b := make([]byte, 2)
-	copy(b, eofMagic)
-	b = append(b, eof1Version)
-
-	// Write section headers.
-	b = append(b, kindTypes)
-	b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(len(c.types)*4))
-	b = append(b, kindCode)
-	b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(len(c.codeSections)))
-	for _, codeSection := range c.codeSections {
-		b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(len(codeSection)))
-	}
-	var encodedContainer [][]byte
-	if len(c.subContainers) != 0 {
-		b = append(b, kindContainer)
-		b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(len(c.subContainers)))
-		for _, section := range c.subContainers {
-			encoded := section.MarshalBinary()
-			b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(len(encoded)))
-			encodedContainer = append(encodedContainer, encoded)
-		}
-	}
-	b = append(b, kindData)
-	b = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(b, uint16(c.dataSize))
-	b = append(b, 0) // terminator
-
-	// Write section contents.
-	for _, ty := range c.types {
-		b = append(b, []byte{ty.inputs, ty.outputs, byte(ty.maxStackHeight >> 8), byte(ty.maxStackHeight & 0x00ff)}...)
-	}
-	for _, code := range c.codeSections {
-		b = append(b, code...)
-	}
-	for _, section := range encodedContainer {
-		b = append(b, section...)
-	}
-	b = append(b, c.data...)
-
-	return b
-}
-
-// UnmarshalBinary decodes an EOF container.
-func (c *Container) UnmarshalBinary(b []byte, isInitcode bool) error {
-	return c.unmarshalContainer(b, isInitcode, true)
-}
-
-// UnmarshalSubContainer decodes an EOF container that is inside another container.
-func (c *Container) UnmarshalSubContainer(b []byte, isInitcode bool) error {
-	return c.unmarshalContainer(b, isInitcode, false)
-}
-
-func (c *Container) unmarshalContainer(b []byte, isInitcode bool, topLevel bool) error {
-	if !hasEOFMagic(b) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: want %x", errInvalidMagic, eofMagic)
-	}
-	if len(b) < 14 {
-		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	if len(b) > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
-		return ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded
-	}
-	if !isEOFVersion1(b) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: have %d, want %d", errInvalidVersion, b[2], eof1Version)
-	}
-
-	var (
-		kind, typesSize, dataSize int
-		codeSizes                 []int
-		err                       error
-	)
-
-	// Parse type section header.
-	kind, typesSize, err = parseSection(b, offsetTypesKind)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if kind != kindTypes {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: found section kind %x instead", errMissingTypeHeader, kind)
-	}
-	if typesSize < 4 || typesSize%4 != 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: type section size must be divisible by 4, have %d", errInvalidTypeSize, typesSize)
-	}
-	if typesSize/4 > 1024 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: type section must not exceed 4*1024, have %d", errInvalidTypeSize, typesSize)
-	}
-
-	// Parse code section header.
-	kind, codeSizes, err = parseSectionList(b, offsetCodeKind)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if kind != kindCode {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: found section kind %x instead", errMissingCodeHeader, kind)
-	}
-	if len(codeSizes) != typesSize/4 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: mismatch of code sections found and type signatures, types %d, code %d", errInvalidCodeSize, typesSize/4, len(codeSizes))
-	}
-
-	// Parse (optional) container section header.
-	var containerSizes []int
-	offset := offsetCodeKind + 2 + 2*len(codeSizes) + 1
-	if offset < len(b) && b[offset] == kindContainer {
-		kind, containerSizes, err = parseSectionList(b, offset)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		if kind != kindContainer {
-			panic("somethings wrong")
-		}
-		if len(containerSizes) == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: total container count must not be zero", errInvalidContainerSectionSize)
-		}
-		offset = offset + 2 + 2*len(containerSizes) + 1
-	}
-
-	// Parse data section header.
-	kind, dataSize, err = parseSection(b, offset)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if kind != kindData {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: found section %x instead", errMissingDataHeader, kind)
-	}
-	c.dataSize = dataSize
-
-	// Check for terminator.
-	offsetTerminator := offset + 3
-	if len(b) < offsetTerminator {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid offset terminator", io.ErrUnexpectedEOF)
-	}
-	if b[offsetTerminator] != 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: have %x", errMissingTerminator, b[offsetTerminator])
-	}
-
-	// Verify overall container size.
-	expectedSize := offsetTerminator + typesSize + sum(codeSizes) + dataSize + 1
-	if len(containerSizes) != 0 {
-		expectedSize += sum(containerSizes)
-	}
-	if len(b) < expectedSize-dataSize {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: have %d, want %d", errInvalidContainerSize, len(b), expectedSize)
-	}
-	// Only check that the expected size is not exceed on non-initcode
-	if (!topLevel || !isInitcode) && len(b) > expectedSize {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: have %d, want %d", errInvalidContainerSize, len(b), expectedSize)
-	}
-
-	// Parse types section.
-	idx := offsetTerminator + 1
-	var types = make([]*functionMetadata, 0, typesSize/4)
-	for i := 0; i < typesSize/4; i++ {
-		sig := &functionMetadata{
-			inputs:         b[idx+i*4],
-			outputs:        b[idx+i*4+1],
-			maxStackHeight: binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[idx+i*4+2:]),
-		}
-		if sig.inputs > maxInputItems {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w for section %d: have %d", errTooManyInputs, i, sig.inputs)
-		}
-		if sig.outputs > maxOutputItems {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w for section %d: have %d", errTooManyOutputs, i, sig.outputs)
-		}
-		if sig.maxStackHeight > maxStackHeight {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w for section %d: have %d", errTooLargeMaxStackHeight, i, sig.maxStackHeight)
-		}
-		types = append(types, sig)
-	}
-	if types[0].inputs != 0 || types[0].outputs != 0x80 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: have %d, %d", errInvalidSection0Type, types[0].inputs, types[0].outputs)
-	}
-	c.types = types
-
-	// Parse code sections.
-	idx += typesSize
-	codeSections := make([][]byte, len(codeSizes))
-	for i, size := range codeSizes {
-		if size == 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w for section %d: size must not be 0", errInvalidCodeSize, i)
-		}
-		codeSections[i] = b[idx : idx+size]
-		idx += size
-	}
-	c.codeSections = codeSections
-	// Parse the optional container sizes.
-	if len(containerSizes) != 0 {
-		if len(containerSizes) > maxContainerSections {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w number of container section exceed: %v: have %v", errInvalidContainerSectionSize, maxContainerSections, len(containerSizes))
-		}
-		subContainerCodes := make([][]byte, 0, len(containerSizes))
-		subContainers := make([]*Container, 0, len(containerSizes))
-		for i, size := range containerSizes {
-			if size == 0 || idx+size > len(b) {
-				return fmt.Errorf("%w for section %d: size must not be 0", errInvalidContainerSectionSize, i)
-			}
-			subC := new(Container)
-			end := min(idx+size, len(b))
-			if err := subC.unmarshalContainer(b[idx:end], isInitcode, false); err != nil {
-				if topLevel {
-					return fmt.Errorf("%w in sub container %d", err, i)
-				}
-				return err
-			}
-			subContainers = append(subContainers, subC)
-			subContainerCodes = append(subContainerCodes, b[idx:end])
-
-			idx += size
-		}
-		c.subContainers = subContainers
-		c.subContainerCodes = subContainerCodes
-	}
-
-	//Parse data section.
-	end := len(b)
-	if !isInitcode {
-		end = min(idx+dataSize, len(b))
-	}
-	if topLevel && len(b) != idx+dataSize {
-		return errTruncatedTopLevelContainer
-	}
-	c.data = b[idx:end]
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ValidateCode validates each code section of the container against the EOF v1
-// rule set.
-func (c *Container) ValidateCode(jt *JumpTable, isInitCode bool) error {
-	refBy := notRefByEither
-	if isInitCode {
-		refBy = refByEOFCreate
-	}
-	return c.validateSubContainer(jt, refBy)
-}
-
-func (c *Container) validateSubContainer(jt *JumpTable, refBy int) error {
-	visited := make(map[int]struct{})
-	subContainerVisited := make(map[int]int)
-	toVisit := []int{0}
-	for len(toVisit) > 0 {
-		// TODO check if this can be used as a DOS
-		// Theres and edge case here where we mark something as visited that we visit before,
-		// This should not trigger a re-visit
-		// e.g. 0 -> 1, 2, 3
-		// 1 -> 2, 3
-		// should not mean 2 and 3 should be visited twice
-		var (
-			index = toVisit[0]
-			code  = c.codeSections[index]
-		)
-		if _, ok := visited[index]; !ok {
-			res, err := validateCode(code, index, c, jt, refBy == refByEOFCreate)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			visited[index] = struct{}{}
-			// Mark all sections that can be visited from here.
-			for idx := range res.visitedCode {
-				if _, ok := visited[idx]; !ok {
-					toVisit = append(toVisit, idx)
-				}
-			}
-			// Mark all subcontainer that can be visited from here.
-			for idx, reference := range res.visitedSubContainers {
-				// Make sure subcontainers are only ever referenced by either EOFCreate or ReturnContract
-				if ref, ok := subContainerVisited[idx]; ok && ref != reference {
-					return errors.New("section referenced by both EOFCreate and ReturnContract")
-				}
-				subContainerVisited[idx] = reference
-			}
-			if refBy == refByReturnContract && res.isInitCode {
-				return errIncompatibleContainerKind
-			}
-			if refBy == refByEOFCreate && res.isRuntime {
-				return errIncompatibleContainerKind
-			}
-		}
-		toVisit = toVisit[1:]
-	}
-	// Make sure every code section is visited at least once.
-	if len(visited) != len(c.codeSections) {
-		return errUnreachableCode
-	}
-	for idx, container := range c.subContainers {
-		reference, ok := subContainerVisited[idx]
-		if !ok {
-			return errOrphanedSubcontainer
-		}
-		if err := container.validateSubContainer(jt, reference); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// parseSection decodes a (kind, size) pair from an EOF header.
-func parseSection(b []byte, idx int) (kind, size int, err error) {
-	if idx+3 >= len(b) {
-		return 0, 0, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	kind = int(b[idx])
-	size = int(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[idx+1:]))
-	return kind, size, nil
-}
-
-// parseSectionList decodes a (kind, len, []codeSize) section list from an EOF
-// header.
-func parseSectionList(b []byte, idx int) (kind int, list []int, err error) {
-	if idx >= len(b) {
-		return 0, nil, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	kind = int(b[idx])
-	list, err = parseList(b, idx+1)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, nil, err
-	}
-	return kind, list, nil
-}
-
-// parseList decodes a list of uint16..
-func parseList(b []byte, idx int) ([]int, error) {
-	if len(b) < idx+2 {
-		return nil, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	count := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[idx:])
-	if len(b) <= idx+2+int(count)*2 {
-		return nil, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	list := make([]int, count)
-	for i := 0; i < int(count); i++ {
-		list[i] = int(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b[idx+2+2*i:]))
-	}
-	return list, nil
-}
-
-// parseUint16 parses a 16 bit unsigned integer.
-func parseUint16(b []byte) (int, error) {
-	if len(b) < 2 {
-		return 0, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	return int(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(b)), nil
-}
-
-// parseInt16 parses a 16 bit signed integer.
-func parseInt16(b []byte) int {
-	return int(int16(b[1]) | int16(b[0])<<8)
-}
-
-// sum computes the sum of a slice.
-func sum(list []int) (s int) {
-	for _, n := range list {
-		s += n
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func (c *Container) String() string {
-	var output = []string{
-		"Header",
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - EOFMagic: %02x", eofMagic),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - EOFVersion: %02x", eof1Version),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - KindType: %02x", kindTypes),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - TypesSize: %04x", len(c.types)*4),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - KindCode: %02x", kindCode),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - KindData: %02x", kindData),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - DataSize: %04x", len(c.data)),
-		fmt.Sprintf("  - Number of code sections: %d", len(c.codeSections)),
-	}
-	for i, code := range c.codeSections {
-		output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("    - Code section %d length: %04x", i, len(code)))
-	}
-
-	output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("  - Number of subcontainers: %d", len(c.subContainers)))
-	if len(c.subContainers) > 0 {
-		for i, section := range c.subContainers {
-			output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("    - subcontainer %d length: %04x\n", i, len(section.MarshalBinary())))
-		}
-	}
-	output = append(output, "Body")
-	for i, typ := range c.types {
-		output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("  - Type %v: %x", i,
-			[]byte{typ.inputs, typ.outputs, byte(typ.maxStackHeight >> 8), byte(typ.maxStackHeight & 0x00ff)}))
-	}
-	for i, code := range c.codeSections {
-		output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("  - Code section %d: %#x", i, code))
-	}
-	for i, section := range c.subContainers {
-		output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("  - Subcontainer %d: %x", i, section.MarshalBinary()))
-	}
-	output = append(output, fmt.Sprintf("  - Data: %#x", c.data))
-	return strings.Join(output, "\n")
-}

core/vm/eof_control_flow.go

@@ -1,235 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-)
-
-func validateControlFlow(code []byte, section int, metadata []*functionMetadata, jt *JumpTable) (int, error) {
-	var (
-		maxStackHeight = int(metadata[section].inputs)
-		visitCount     = 0
-		next           = make([]int, 0, 1)
-	)
-	var (
-		stackBoundsMax = make([]uint16, len(code))
-		stackBoundsMin = make([]uint16, len(code))
-	)
-	setBounds := func(pos, min, maxi int) {
-		// The stackboundMax slice is a bit peculiar. We use `0` to denote
-		// not set. Therefore, we use `1` to represent the value `0`, and so on.
-		// So if the caller wants to store `1` as max bound, we internally store it as
-		// `2`.
-		if stackBoundsMax[pos] == 0 { // Not yet set
-			visitCount++
-		}
-		if maxi < 65535 {
-			stackBoundsMax[pos] = uint16(maxi + 1)
-		}
-		stackBoundsMin[pos] = uint16(min)
-		maxStackHeight = max(maxStackHeight, maxi)
-	}
-	getStackMaxMin := func(pos int) (ok bool, min, max int) {
-		maxi := stackBoundsMax[pos]
-		if maxi == 0 { // Not yet set
-			return false, 0, 0
-		}
-		return true, int(stackBoundsMin[pos]), int(maxi - 1)
-	}
-	// set the initial stack bounds
-	setBounds(0, int(metadata[section].inputs), int(metadata[section].inputs))
-
-	qualifiedExit := false
-	for pos := 0; pos < len(code); pos++ {
-		op := OpCode(code[pos])
-		ok, currentStackMin, currentStackMax := getStackMaxMin(pos)
-		if !ok {
-			return 0, errUnreachableCode
-		}
-
-		switch op {
-		case CALLF:
-			arg, _ := parseUint16(code[pos+1:])
-			newSection := metadata[arg]
-			if err := newSection.checkInputs(currentStackMin); err != nil {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", err, pos)
-			}
-			if err := newSection.checkStackMax(currentStackMax); err != nil {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", err, pos)
-			}
-			delta := newSection.stackDelta()
-			currentStackMax += delta
-			currentStackMin += delta
-		case RETF:
-			/* From the spec:
-			> for RETF the following must hold: stack_height_max == stack_height_min == types[current_code_index].outputs,
-
-			In other words: RETF must unambiguously return all items remaining on the stack.
-			*/
-			if currentStackMax != currentStackMin {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: max %d, min %d, at pos %d", errInvalidOutputs, currentStackMax, currentStackMin, pos)
-			}
-			numOutputs := int(metadata[section].outputs)
-			if numOutputs >= maxOutputItems {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", errInvalidNonReturningFlag, pos)
-			}
-			if numOutputs != currentStackMin {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: have %d, want %d, at pos %d", errInvalidOutputs, numOutputs, currentStackMin, pos)
-			}
-			qualifiedExit = true
-		case JUMPF:
-			arg, _ := parseUint16(code[pos+1:])
-			newSection := metadata[arg]
-
-			if err := newSection.checkStackMax(currentStackMax); err != nil {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", err, pos)
-			}
-
-			if newSection.outputs == 0x80 {
-				if err := newSection.checkInputs(currentStackMin); err != nil {
-					return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", err, pos)
-				}
-			} else {
-				if currentStackMax != currentStackMin {
-					return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: max %d, min %d, at pos %d", errInvalidOutputs, currentStackMax, currentStackMin, pos)
-				}
-				wantStack := int(metadata[section].outputs) - newSection.stackDelta()
-				if currentStackMax != wantStack {
-					return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", errInvalidOutputs, pos)
-				}
-			}
-			qualifiedExit = qualifiedExit || newSection.outputs < maxOutputItems
-		case DUPN:
-			arg := int(code[pos+1]) + 1
-			if want, have := arg, currentStackMin; want > have {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: have, required: want}, pos)
-			}
-		case SWAPN:
-			arg := int(code[pos+1]) + 1
-			if want, have := arg+1, currentStackMin; want > have {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: have, required: want}, pos)
-			}
-		case EXCHANGE:
-			arg := int(code[pos+1])
-			n := arg>>4 + 1
-			m := arg&0x0f + 1
-			if want, have := n+m+1, currentStackMin; want > have {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: have, required: want}, pos)
-			}
-		default:
-			if want, have := jt[op].minStack, currentStackMin; want > have {
-				return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: at pos %d", ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: have, required: want}, pos)
-			}
-		}
-		if !terminals[op] && op != CALLF {
-			change := int(params.StackLimit) - jt[op].maxStack
-			currentStackMax += change
-			currentStackMin += change
-		}
-		next = next[:0]
-		switch op {
-		case RJUMP:
-			nextPos := pos + 2 + parseInt16(code[pos+1:])
-			next = append(next, nextPos)
-			// We set the stack bounds of the destination
-			// and skip the argument, only for RJUMP, all other opcodes are handled later
-			if nextPos+1 < pos {
-				ok, nextMin, nextMax := getStackMaxMin(nextPos + 1)
-				if !ok {
-					return 0, errInvalidBackwardJump
-				}
-				if nextMax != currentStackMax || nextMin != currentStackMin {
-					return 0, errInvalidMaxStackHeight
-				}
-			} else {
-				ok, nextMin, nextMax := getStackMaxMin(nextPos + 1)
-				if !ok {
-					setBounds(nextPos+1, currentStackMin, currentStackMax)
-				} else {
-					setBounds(nextPos+1, min(nextMin, currentStackMin), max(nextMax, currentStackMax))
-				}
-			}
-		case RJUMPI:
-			arg := parseInt16(code[pos+1:])
-			next = append(next, pos+2)
-			next = append(next, pos+2+arg)
-		case RJUMPV:
-			count := int(code[pos+1]) + 1
-			next = append(next, pos+1+2*count)
-			for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
-				arg := parseInt16(code[pos+2+2*i:])
-				next = append(next, pos+1+2*count+arg)
-			}
-		default:
-			if imm := int(immediates[op]); imm != 0 {
-				next = append(next, pos+imm)
-			} else {
-				// Simple op, no operand.
-				next = append(next, pos)
-			}
-		}
-
-		if op != RJUMP && !terminals[op] {
-			for _, instr := range next {
-				nextPC := instr + 1
-				if nextPC >= len(code) {
-					return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: end with %s, pos %d", errInvalidCodeTermination, op, pos)
-				}
-				if nextPC > pos {
-					// target reached via forward jump or seq flow
-					ok, nextMin, nextMax := getStackMaxMin(nextPC)
-					if !ok {
-						setBounds(nextPC, currentStackMin, currentStackMax)
-					} else {
-						setBounds(nextPC, min(nextMin, currentStackMin), max(nextMax, currentStackMax))
-					}
-				} else {
-					// target reached via backwards jump
-					ok, nextMin, nextMax := getStackMaxMin(nextPC)
-					if !ok {
-						return 0, errInvalidBackwardJump
-					}
-					if currentStackMax != nextMax {
-						return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w want %d as current max got %d at pos %d,", errInvalidBackwardJump, currentStackMax, nextMax, pos)
-					}
-					if currentStackMin != nextMin {
-						return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w want %d as current min got %d at pos %d,", errInvalidBackwardJump, currentStackMin, nextMin, pos)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		if op == RJUMP {
-			pos += 2 // skip the immediate
-		} else {
-			pos = next[0]
-		}
-	}
-	if qualifiedExit != (metadata[section].outputs < maxOutputItems) {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w no RETF or qualified JUMPF", errInvalidNonReturningFlag)
-	}
-	if maxStackHeight >= int(params.StackLimit) {
-		return 0, ErrStackOverflow{maxStackHeight, int(params.StackLimit)}
-	}
-	if maxStackHeight != int(metadata[section].maxStackHeight) {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("%w in code section %d: have %d, want %d", errInvalidMaxStackHeight, section, maxStackHeight, metadata[section].maxStackHeight)
-	}
-	return visitCount, nil
-}

core/vm/eof_immediates.go

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-// immediate denotes how many immediate bytes an operation uses. This information
-// is not required during runtime, only during EOF-validation, so is not
-// places into the op-struct in the instruction table.
-// Note: the immediates is fork-agnostic, and assumes that validity of opcodes at
-// the given time is performed elsewhere.
-var immediates [256]uint8
-
-// terminals denotes whether instructions can be the final opcode in a code section.
-// Note: the terminals is fork-agnostic, and assumes that validity of opcodes at
-// the given time is performed elsewhere.
-var terminals [256]bool
-
-func init() {
-	// The legacy pushes
-	for i := uint8(1); i < 33; i++ {
-		immediates[int(PUSH0)+int(i)] = i
-	}
-	// And new eof opcodes.
-	immediates[DATALOADN] = 2
-	immediates[RJUMP] = 2
-	immediates[RJUMPI] = 2
-	immediates[RJUMPV] = 3
-	immediates[CALLF] = 2
-	immediates[JUMPF] = 2
-	immediates[DUPN] = 1
-	immediates[SWAPN] = 1
-	immediates[EXCHANGE] = 1
-	immediates[EOFCREATE] = 1
-	immediates[RETURNCONTRACT] = 1
-
-	// Define the terminals.
-	terminals[STOP] = true
-	terminals[RETF] = true
-	terminals[JUMPF] = true
-	terminals[RETURNCONTRACT] = true
-	terminals[RETURN] = true
-	terminals[REVERT] = true
-	terminals[INVALID] = true
-}
-
-// Immediates returns the number bytes of immediates (argument not from
-// stack but from code) a given opcode has.
-// OBS:
-//   - This function assumes EOF instruction-set. It cannot be upon in
-//     a. pre-EOF code
-//     b. post-EOF but legacy code
-//   - RJUMPV is unique as it has a variable sized operand. The total size is
-//     determined by the count byte which immediately follows RJUMPV. This method
-//     will return '3' for RJUMPV, which is the minimum.
-func Immediates(op OpCode) int {
-	return int(immediates[op])
-}

core/vm/eof_instructions.go

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-// opRjump implements the RJUMP opcode.
-func opRjump(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opRjumpi implements the RJUMPI opcode
-func opRjumpi(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opRjumpv implements the RJUMPV opcode
-func opRjumpv(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opCallf implements the CALLF opcode
-func opCallf(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opRetf implements the RETF opcode
-func opRetf(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opJumpf implements the JUMPF opcode
-func opJumpf(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opEOFCreate implements the EOFCREATE opcode
-func opEOFCreate(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opReturnContract implements the RETURNCONTRACT opcode
-func opReturnContract(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opDataLoad implements the DATALOAD opcode
-func opDataLoad(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opDataLoadN implements the DATALOADN opcode
-func opDataLoadN(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opDataSize implements the DATASIZE opcode
-func opDataSize(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opDataCopy implements the DATACOPY opcode
-func opDataCopy(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opDupN implements the DUPN opcode
-func opDupN(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opSwapN implements the SWAPN opcode
-func opSwapN(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opExchange implements the EXCHANGE opcode
-func opExchange(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opReturnDataLoad implements the RETURNDATALOAD opcode
-func opReturnDataLoad(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opExtCall implements the EOFCREATE opcode
-func opExtCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opExtDelegateCall implements the EXTDELEGATECALL opcode
-func opExtDelegateCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// opExtStaticCall implements the EXTSTATICCALL opcode
-func opExtStaticCall(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}

core/vm/eof_test.go

@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-import (
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"reflect"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-)
-
-func TestEOFMarshaling(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		want Container
-		err  error
-	}{
-		{
-			want: Container{
-				types:        []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-				codeSections: [][]byte{common.Hex2Bytes("604200")},
-				data:         []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03},
-				dataSize:     3,
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			want: Container{
-				types:        []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-				codeSections: [][]byte{common.Hex2Bytes("604200")},
-				data:         []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03},
-				dataSize:     3,
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			want: Container{
-				types: []*functionMetadata{
-					{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1},
-					{inputs: 2, outputs: 3, maxStackHeight: 4},
-					{inputs: 1, outputs: 1, maxStackHeight: 1},
-				},
-				codeSections: [][]byte{
-					common.Hex2Bytes("604200"),
-					common.Hex2Bytes("6042604200"),
-					common.Hex2Bytes("00"),
-				},
-				data: []byte{},
-			},
-		},
-	} {
-		var (
-			b   = test.want.MarshalBinary()
-			got Container
-		)
-		t.Logf("b: %#x", b)
-		if err := got.UnmarshalBinary(b, true); err != nil && err != test.err {
-			t.Fatalf("test %d: got error \"%v\", want \"%v\"", i, err, test.err)
-		}
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, test.want) {
-			t.Fatalf("test %d: got %+v, want %+v", i, got, test.want)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestEOFSubcontainer(t *testing.T) {
-	var subcontainer = new(Container)
-	if err := subcontainer.UnmarshalBinary(common.Hex2Bytes("ef000101000402000100010400000000800000fe"), true); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	container := Container{
-		types:         []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		codeSections:  [][]byte{common.Hex2Bytes("604200")},
-		subContainers: []*Container{subcontainer},
-		data:          []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03},
-		dataSize:      3,
-	}
-	var (
-		b   = container.MarshalBinary()
-		got Container
-	)
-	if err := got.UnmarshalBinary(b, true); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if res := got.MarshalBinary(); !reflect.DeepEqual(res, b) {
-		t.Fatalf("invalid marshalling, want %v got %v", b, res)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestMarshaling(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []string{
-		"EF000101000402000100040400000000800000E0000000",
-		"ef0001010004020001000d04000000008000025fe100055f5fe000035f600100",
-	}
-	for i, test := range tests {
-		s, err := hex.DecodeString(test)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("test %d: error decoding: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		var got Container
-		if err := got.UnmarshalBinary(s, true); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("test %d: got error %v", i, err)
-		}
-	}
-}

core/vm/eof_validation.go

@@ -1,255 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-)
-
-// Below are all possible errors that can occur during validation of
-// EOF containers.
-var (
-	errInvalidMagic                  = errors.New("invalid magic")
-	errUndefinedInstruction          = errors.New("undefined instruction")
-	errTruncatedImmediate            = errors.New("truncated immediate")
-	errInvalidSectionArgument        = errors.New("invalid section argument")
-	errInvalidCallArgument           = errors.New("callf into non-returning section")
-	errInvalidDataloadNArgument      = errors.New("invalid dataloadN argument")
-	errInvalidJumpDest               = errors.New("invalid jump destination")
-	errInvalidBackwardJump           = errors.New("invalid backward jump")
-	errInvalidOutputs                = errors.New("invalid number of outputs")
-	errInvalidMaxStackHeight         = errors.New("invalid max stack height")
-	errInvalidCodeTermination        = errors.New("invalid code termination")
-	errEOFCreateWithTruncatedSection = errors.New("eofcreate with truncated section")
-	errOrphanedSubcontainer          = errors.New("subcontainer not referenced at all")
-	errIncompatibleContainerKind     = errors.New("incompatible container kind")
-	errStopAndReturnContract         = errors.New("Stop/Return and Returncontract in the same code section")
-	errStopInInitCode                = errors.New("initcode contains a RETURN or STOP opcode")
-	errTruncatedTopLevelContainer    = errors.New("truncated top level container")
-	errUnreachableCode               = errors.New("unreachable code")
-	errInvalidNonReturningFlag       = errors.New("invalid non-returning flag, bad RETF")
-	errInvalidVersion                = errors.New("invalid version")
-	errMissingTypeHeader             = errors.New("missing type header")
-	errInvalidTypeSize               = errors.New("invalid type section size")
-	errMissingCodeHeader             = errors.New("missing code header")
-	errInvalidCodeSize               = errors.New("invalid code size")
-	errInvalidContainerSectionSize   = errors.New("invalid container section size")
-	errMissingDataHeader             = errors.New("missing data header")
-	errMissingTerminator             = errors.New("missing header terminator")
-	errTooManyInputs                 = errors.New("invalid type content, too many inputs")
-	errTooManyOutputs                = errors.New("invalid type content, too many outputs")
-	errInvalidSection0Type           = errors.New("invalid section 0 type, input and output should be zero and non-returning (0x80)")
-	errTooLargeMaxStackHeight        = errors.New("invalid type content, max stack height exceeds limit")
-	errInvalidContainerSize          = errors.New("invalid container size")
-)
-
-const (
-	notRefByEither = iota
-	refByReturnContract
-	refByEOFCreate
-)
-
-type validationResult struct {
-	visitedCode          map[int]struct{}
-	visitedSubContainers map[int]int
-	isInitCode           bool
-	isRuntime            bool
-}
-
-// validateCode validates the code parameter against the EOF v1 validity requirements.
-func validateCode(code []byte, section int, container *Container, jt *JumpTable, isInitCode bool) (*validationResult, error) {
-	var (
-		i = 0
-		// Tracks the number of actual instructions in the code (e.g.
-		// non-immediate values). This is used at the end to determine
-		// if each instruction is reachable.
-		count                = 0
-		op                   OpCode
-		analysis             bitvec
-		visitedCode          map[int]struct{}
-		visitedSubcontainers map[int]int
-		hasReturnContract    bool
-		hasStop              bool
-	)
-	// This loop visits every single instruction and verifies:
-	// * if the instruction is valid for the given jump table.
-	// * if the instruction has an immediate value, it is not truncated.
-	// * if performing a relative jump, all jump destinations are valid.
-	// * if changing code sections, the new code section index is valid and
-	//   will not cause a stack overflow.
-	for i < len(code) {
-		count++
-		op = OpCode(code[i])
-		if jt[op].undefined {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: op %s, pos %d", errUndefinedInstruction, op, i)
-		}
-		size := int(immediates[op])
-		if size != 0 && len(code) <= i+size {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: op %s, pos %d", errTruncatedImmediate, op, i)
-		}
-		switch op {
-		case RJUMP, RJUMPI:
-			if err := checkDest(code, &analysis, i+1, i+3, len(code)); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		case RJUMPV:
-			maxSize := int(code[i+1])
-			length := maxSize + 1
-			if len(code) <= i+length {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: jump table truncated, op %s, pos %d", errTruncatedImmediate, op, i)
-			}
-			offset := i + 2
-			for j := 0; j < length; j++ {
-				if err := checkDest(code, &analysis, offset+j*2, offset+(length*2), len(code)); err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-			}
-			i += 2 * maxSize
-		case CALLF:
-			arg, _ := parseUint16(code[i+1:])
-			if arg >= len(container.types) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errInvalidSectionArgument, arg, len(container.types), i)
-			}
-			if container.types[arg].outputs == 0x80 {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: section %v", errInvalidCallArgument, arg)
-			}
-			if visitedCode == nil {
-				visitedCode = make(map[int]struct{})
-			}
-			visitedCode[arg] = struct{}{}
-		case JUMPF:
-			arg, _ := parseUint16(code[i+1:])
-			if arg >= len(container.types) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errInvalidSectionArgument, arg, len(container.types), i)
-			}
-			if container.types[arg].outputs != 0x80 && container.types[arg].outputs > container.types[section].outputs {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errInvalidOutputs, arg, len(container.types), i)
-			}
-			if visitedCode == nil {
-				visitedCode = make(map[int]struct{})
-			}
-			visitedCode[arg] = struct{}{}
-		case DATALOADN:
-			arg, _ := parseUint16(code[i+1:])
-			// TODO why are we checking this? We should just pad
-			if arg+32 > len(container.data) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errInvalidDataloadNArgument, arg, len(container.data), i)
-			}
-		case RETURNCONTRACT:
-			if !isInitCode {
-				return nil, errIncompatibleContainerKind
-			}
-			arg := int(code[i+1])
-			if arg >= len(container.subContainers) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errUnreachableCode, arg, len(container.subContainers), i)
-			}
-			if visitedSubcontainers == nil {
-				visitedSubcontainers = make(map[int]int)
-			}
-			// We need to store per subcontainer how it was referenced
-			if v, ok := visitedSubcontainers[arg]; ok && v != refByReturnContract {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("section already referenced, arg :%d", arg)
-			}
-			if hasStop {
-				return nil, errStopAndReturnContract
-			}
-			hasReturnContract = true
-			visitedSubcontainers[arg] = refByReturnContract
-		case EOFCREATE:
-			arg := int(code[i+1])
-			if arg >= len(container.subContainers) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: arg %d, last %d, pos %d", errUnreachableCode, arg, len(container.subContainers), i)
-			}
-			if ct := container.subContainers[arg]; len(ct.data) != ct.dataSize {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: container %d, have %d, claimed %d, pos %d", errEOFCreateWithTruncatedSection, arg, len(ct.data), ct.dataSize, i)
-			}
-			if visitedSubcontainers == nil {
-				visitedSubcontainers = make(map[int]int)
-			}
-			// We need to store per subcontainer how it was referenced
-			if v, ok := visitedSubcontainers[arg]; ok && v != refByEOFCreate {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("section already referenced, arg :%d", arg)
-			}
-			visitedSubcontainers[arg] = refByEOFCreate
-		case STOP, RETURN:
-			if isInitCode {
-				return nil, errStopInInitCode
-			}
-			if hasReturnContract {
-				return nil, errStopAndReturnContract
-			}
-			hasStop = true
-		}
-		i += size + 1
-	}
-	// Code sections may not "fall through" and require proper termination.
-	// Therefore, the last instruction must be considered terminal or RJUMP.
-	if !terminals[op] && op != RJUMP {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: end with %s, pos %d", errInvalidCodeTermination, op, i)
-	}
-	if paths, err := validateControlFlow(code, section, container.types, jt); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	} else if paths != count {
-		// TODO(matt): return actual position of unreachable code
-		return nil, errUnreachableCode
-	}
-	return &validationResult{
-		visitedCode:          visitedCode,
-		visitedSubContainers: visitedSubcontainers,
-		isInitCode:           hasReturnContract,
-		isRuntime:            hasStop,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// checkDest parses a relative offset at code[0:2] and checks if it is a valid jump destination.
-func checkDest(code []byte, analysis *bitvec, imm, from, length int) error {
-	if len(code) < imm+2 {
-		return io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
-	}
-	if analysis != nil && *analysis == nil {
-		*analysis = eofCodeBitmap(code)
-	}
-	offset := parseInt16(code[imm:])
-	dest := from + offset
-	if dest < 0 || dest >= length {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: out-of-bounds offset: offset %d, dest %d, pos %d", errInvalidJumpDest, offset, dest, imm)
-	}
-	if !analysis.codeSegment(uint64(dest)) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: offset into immediate: offset %d, dest %d, pos %d", errInvalidJumpDest, offset, dest, imm)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-//// disasm is a helper utility to show a sequence of comma-separated operations,
-//// with immediates shown inline,
-//// e.g: PUSH1(0x00),EOFCREATE(0x00),
-//func disasm(code []byte) string {
-//	var ops []string
-//	for i := 0; i < len(code); i++ {
-//		var op string
-//		if args := immediates[code[i]]; args > 0 {
-//			op = fmt.Sprintf("%v(%#x)", OpCode(code[i]).String(), code[i+1:i+1+int(args)])
-//			i += int(args)
-//		} else {
-//			op = OpCode(code[i]).String()
-//		}
-//		ops = append(ops, op)
-//	}
-//	return strings.Join(ops, ",")
-//}

core/vm/eof_validation_test.go

@@ -1,517 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2024 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package vm
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"errors"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
-)
-
-func TestValidateCode(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		code     []byte
-		section  int
-		metadata []*functionMetadata
-		err      error
-	}{
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(CALLER),
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(CALLF), 0x00, 0x00,
-				byte(RETF),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 0}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(ADDRESS),
-				byte(CALLF), 0x00, 0x00,
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(RETF),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(CALLER),
-				byte(POP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-			err:      errInvalidCodeTermination,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(RJUMP),
-				byte(0x00),
-				byte(0x01),
-				byte(CALLER),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 0}},
-			err:      errUnreachableCode,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH1),
-				byte(0x42),
-				byte(ADD),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-			err:      ErrStackUnderflow{stackLen: 1, required: 2},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH1),
-				byte(0x42),
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 2}},
-			err:      errInvalidMaxStackHeight,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH0),
-				byte(RJUMPI),
-				byte(0x00),
-				byte(0x01),
-				byte(PUSH1),
-				byte(0x42), // jumps to here
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-			err:      errInvalidJumpDest,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH0),
-				byte(RJUMPV),
-				byte(0x01),
-				byte(0x00),
-				byte(0x01),
-				byte(0x00),
-				byte(0x02),
-				byte(PUSH1),
-				byte(0x42), // jumps to here
-				byte(POP),  // and here
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-			err:      errInvalidJumpDest,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH0),
-				byte(RJUMPV),
-				byte(0x00),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-			err:      errTruncatedImmediate,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(RJUMP), 0x00, 0x03,
-				byte(JUMPDEST), // this code is unreachable to forward jumps alone
-				byte(JUMPDEST),
-				byte(RETURN),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 39,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(DATACOPY),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(RJUMP), 0xff, 0xef,
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 3}},
-			err:      errUnreachableCode,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH1), 1,
-				byte(RJUMPI), 0x00, 0x03,
-				byte(JUMPDEST),
-				byte(JUMPDEST),
-				byte(STOP),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 39,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(DATACOPY),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(RETURN),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 3}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(PUSH1), 1,
-				byte(RJUMPV), 0x01, 0x00, 0x03, 0xff, 0xf8,
-				byte(JUMPDEST),
-				byte(JUMPDEST),
-				byte(STOP),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 39,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(DATACOPY),
-				byte(PUSH1), 20,
-				byte(PUSH1), 0x00,
-				byte(RETURN),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 3}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(STOP),
-				byte(STOP),
-				byte(INVALID),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 0}},
-			err:      errUnreachableCode,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(RETF),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 1, maxStackHeight: 0}},
-			err:      errInvalidOutputs,
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(RETF),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 3, outputs: 3, maxStackHeight: 3}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(CALLF), 0x00, 0x01,
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(STOP),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}, {inputs: 0, outputs: 1, maxStackHeight: 0}},
-		},
-		{
-			code: []byte{
-				byte(ORIGIN),
-				byte(ORIGIN),
-				byte(CALLF), 0x00, 0x01,
-				byte(POP),
-				byte(RETF),
-			},
-			section:  0,
-			metadata: []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 2}, {inputs: 2, outputs: 1, maxStackHeight: 2}},
-		},
-	} {
-		container := &Container{
-			types:         test.metadata,
-			data:          make([]byte, 0),
-			subContainers: make([]*Container, 0),
-		}
-		_, err := validateCode(test.code, test.section, container, &eofInstructionSet, false)
-		if !errors.Is(err, test.err) {
-			t.Errorf("test %d (%s): unexpected error (want: %v, got: %v)", i, common.Bytes2Hex(test.code), test.err, err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkRJUMPI tries to benchmark the RJUMPI opcode validation
-// For this we do a bunch of RJUMPIs that jump backwards (in a potential infinite loop).
-func BenchmarkRJUMPI(b *testing.B) {
-	snippet := []byte{
-		byte(PUSH0),
-		byte(RJUMPI), 0xFF, 0xFC,
-	}
-	code := []byte{}
-	for i := 0; i < params.MaxCodeSize/len(snippet)-1; i++ {
-		code = append(code, snippet...)
-	}
-	code = append(code, byte(STOP))
-	container := &Container{
-		types:         []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		data:          make([]byte, 0),
-		subContainers: make([]*Container, 0),
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		_, err := validateCode(code, 0, container, &eofInstructionSet, false)
-		if err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkRJUMPV tries to benchmark the validation of the RJUMPV opcode
-// for this we set up as many RJUMPV opcodes with a full jumptable (containing 0s) as possible.
-func BenchmarkRJUMPV(b *testing.B) {
-	snippet := []byte{
-		byte(PUSH0),
-		byte(RJUMPV),
-		0xff, // count
-		0x00, 0x00,
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < 255; i++ {
-		snippet = append(snippet, []byte{0x00, 0x00}...)
-	}
-	code := []byte{}
-	for i := 0; i < 24576/len(snippet)-1; i++ {
-		code = append(code, snippet...)
-	}
-	code = append(code, byte(PUSH0))
-	code = append(code, byte(STOP))
-	container := &Container{
-		types:         []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		data:          make([]byte, 0),
-		subContainers: make([]*Container, 0),
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		_, err := validateCode(code, 0, container, &pragueInstructionSet, false)
-		if err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkEOFValidation tries to benchmark the code validation for the CALLF/RETF operation.
-// For this we set up code that calls into 1024 code sections which can either
-// - just contain a RETF opcode
-// - or code to again call into 1024 code sections.
-// We can't have all code sections calling each other, otherwise we would exceed 48KB.
-func BenchmarkEOFValidation(b *testing.B) {
-	var container Container
-	var code []byte
-	maxSections := 1024
-	for i := 0; i < maxSections; i++ {
-		code = append(code, byte(CALLF))
-		code = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(code, uint16(i%(maxSections-1))+1)
-	}
-	// First container
-	container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, append(code, byte(STOP)))
-	container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 0})
-
-	inner := []byte{
-		byte(RETF),
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < 1023; i++ {
-		container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, inner)
-		container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 0})
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < 12; i++ {
-		container.codeSections[i+1] = append(code, byte(RETF))
-	}
-
-	bin := container.MarshalBinary()
-	if len(bin) > 48*1024 {
-		b.Fatal("Exceeds 48Kb")
-	}
-
-	var container2 Container
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		if err := container2.UnmarshalBinary(bin, true); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		if err := container2.ValidateCode(&pragueInstructionSet, false); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkEOFValidation2 tries to benchmark the code validation for the CALLF/RETF operation.
-// For this we set up code that calls into 1024 code sections which
-// - contain calls to some other code sections.
-// We can't have all code sections calling each other, otherwise we would exceed 48KB.
-func BenchmarkEOFValidation2(b *testing.B) {
-	var container Container
-	var code []byte
-	maxSections := 1024
-	for i := 0; i < maxSections; i++ {
-		code = append(code, byte(CALLF))
-		code = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(code, uint16(i%(maxSections-1))+1)
-	}
-	code = append(code, byte(STOP))
-	// First container
-	container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, code)
-	container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 0})
-
-	inner := []byte{
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xE8,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xE9,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF0,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF1,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF2,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF3,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF4,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF5,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF6,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF7,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF8,
-		byte(CALLF), 0x03, 0xF,
-		byte(RETF),
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < 1023; i++ {
-		container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, inner)
-		container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 0})
-	}
-
-	bin := container.MarshalBinary()
-	if len(bin) > 48*1024 {
-		b.Fatal("Exceeds 48Kb")
-	}
-
-	var container2 Container
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		if err := container2.UnmarshalBinary(bin, true); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		if err := container2.ValidateCode(&pragueInstructionSet, false); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkEOFValidation3 tries to benchmark the code validation for the CALLF/RETF and RJUMPI/V operations.
-// For this we set up code that calls into 1024 code sections which either
-// - contain an RJUMP opcode
-// - contain calls to other code sections
-// We can't have all code sections calling each other, otherwise we would exceed 48KB.
-func BenchmarkEOFValidation3(b *testing.B) {
-	var container Container
-	var code []byte
-	snippet := []byte{
-		byte(PUSH0),
-		byte(RJUMPV),
-		0xff, // count
-		0x00, 0x00,
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < 255; i++ {
-		snippet = append(snippet, []byte{0x00, 0x00}...)
-	}
-	code = append(code, snippet...)
-	// First container, calls into all other containers
-	maxSections := 1024
-	for i := 0; i < maxSections; i++ {
-		code = append(code, byte(CALLF))
-		code = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(code, uint16(i%(maxSections-1))+1)
-	}
-	code = append(code, byte(STOP))
-	container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, code)
-	container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1})
-
-	// Other containers
-	for i := 0; i < 1023; i++ {
-		container.codeSections = append(container.codeSections, []byte{byte(RJUMP), 0x00, 0x00, byte(RETF)})
-		container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 0})
-	}
-	// Other containers
-	for i := 0; i < 68; i++ {
-		container.codeSections[i+1] = append(snippet, byte(RETF))
-		container.types[i+1] = &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0, maxStackHeight: 1}
-	}
-	bin := container.MarshalBinary()
-	if len(bin) > 48*1024 {
-		b.Fatal("Exceeds 48Kb")
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	b.ReportMetric(float64(len(bin)), "bytes")
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		for k := 0; k < 40; k++ {
-			var container2 Container
-			if err := container2.UnmarshalBinary(bin, true); err != nil {
-				b.Fatal(err)
-			}
-			if err := container2.ValidateCode(&pragueInstructionSet, false); err != nil {
-				b.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkRJUMPI_2(b *testing.B) {
-	code := []byte{
-		byte(PUSH0),
-		byte(RJUMPI), 0xFF, 0xFC,
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < params.MaxCodeSize/4-1; i++ {
-		code = append(code, byte(PUSH0))
-		x := -4 * i
-		code = append(code, byte(RJUMPI))
-		code = binary.BigEndian.AppendUint16(code, uint16(x))
-	}
-	code = append(code, byte(STOP))
-	container := &Container{
-		types:         []*functionMetadata{{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: 1}},
-		data:          make([]byte, 0),
-		subContainers: make([]*Container, 0),
-	}
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		_, err := validateCode(code, 0, container, &pragueInstructionSet, false)
-		if err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func FuzzUnmarshalBinary(f *testing.F) {
-	f.Fuzz(func(_ *testing.T, input []byte) {
-		var container Container
-		container.UnmarshalBinary(input, true)
-	})
-}
-
-func FuzzValidate(f *testing.F) {
-	f.Fuzz(func(_ *testing.T, code []byte, maxStack uint16) {
-		var container Container
-		container.types = append(container.types, &functionMetadata{inputs: 0, outputs: 0x80, maxStackHeight: maxStack})
-		validateCode(code, 0, &container, &pragueInstructionSet, true)
-	})
-}

core/vm/gas_table.go

@@ -485,20 +485,3 @@ func gasSelfdestruct(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, me
 	}
 	return gas, nil
 }
-
-func gasExtCall(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-func gasExtDelegateCall(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-func gasExtStaticCall(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-// gasEOFCreate returns the gas-cost for EOF-Create. Hashing charge needs to be
-// deducted in the opcode itself, since it depends on the immediate
-func gasEOFCreate(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}

core/vm/jump_table.go

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ var (
 	cancunInstructionSet           = newCancunInstructionSet()
 	verkleInstructionSet           = newVerkleInstructionSet()
 	pragueInstructionSet           = newPragueInstructionSet()
-	eofInstructionSet              = newEOFInstructionSetForTesting()
 )
 
 // JumpTable contains the EVM opcodes supported at a given fork.
@@ -92,16 +91,6 @@ func newVerkleInstructionSet() JumpTable {
 	return validate(instructionSet)
 }
 
-func NewEOFInstructionSetForTesting() JumpTable {
-	return newEOFInstructionSetForTesting()
-}
-
-func newEOFInstructionSetForTesting() JumpTable {
-	instructionSet := newPragueInstructionSet()
-	enableEOF(&instructionSet)
-	return validate(instructionSet)
-}
-
 func newPragueInstructionSet() JumpTable {
 	instructionSet := newCancunInstructionSet()
 	enable7702(&instructionSet) // EIP-7702 Setcode transaction type

core/vm/memory_table.go

@@ -120,19 +120,3 @@ func memoryRevert(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
 func memoryLog(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
 	return calcMemSize64(stack.Back(0), stack.Back(1))
 }
-
-func memoryExtCall(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
-	return calcMemSize64(stack.Back(1), stack.Back(2))
-}
-
-func memoryDataCopy(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
-	return calcMemSize64(stack.Back(0), stack.Back(2))
-}
-
-func memoryEOFCreate(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
-	return calcMemSize64(stack.Back(2), stack.Back(3))
-}
-
-func memoryReturnContract(stack *Stack) (uint64, bool) {
-	return calcMemSize64(stack.Back(0), stack.Back(1))
-}

core/vm/testdata/precompiles/modexp_eip7883.json

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+[
+  {
+    "Input": "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb0033ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb502fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd6095ac2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a248c6b",
+    "Expected": "60008f1614cc01dcfb6bfb09c625cf90b47d4468db81b5f8b7a39d42f332eab9b2da8f2d95311648a8f243f4bb13cfb3d8f7f2a3c014122ebb3ed41b02783adc",
+    "Name": "nagydani-1-square",
+    "Gas": 500,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb0033ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb503fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd6095ac2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a248c6b",
+    "Expected": "4834a46ba565db27903b1c720c9d593e84e4cbd6ad2e64b31885d944f68cd801f92225a8961c952ddf2797fa4701b330c85c4b363798100b921a1a22a46a7fec",
+    "Name": "nagydani-1-qube",
+    "Gas": 500,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000030000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040e09ad9675465c53a109fac66a445c91b292d2bb2c5268addb30cd82f80fcb0033ff97c80a5fc6f39193ae969c6ede6710a6b7ac27078a06d90ef1c72e5c85fb5010001fc9e1f6beb81516545975218075ec2af118cd8798df6e08a147c60fd6095ac2bb02c2908cf4dd7c81f11c289e4bce98f3553768f392a80ce22bf5c4f4a248c6b",
+    "Expected": "c36d804180c35d4426b57b50c5bfcca5c01856d104564cd513b461d3c8b8409128a5573e416d0ebe38f5f736766d9dc27143e4da981dfa4d67f7dc474cbee6d2",
+    "Name": "nagydani-1-pow0x10001",
+    "Gas": 682,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "981dd99c3b113fae3e3eaa9435c0dc96779a23c12a53d1084b4f67b0b053a27560f627b873e3f16ad78f28c94f14b6392def26e4d8896c5e3c984e50fa0b3aa44f1da78b913187c6128baa9340b1e9c9a0fd02cb78885e72576da4a8f7e5a113e173a7a2889fde9d407bd9f06eb05bc8fc7b4229377a32941a02bf4edcc06d70",
+    "Name": "nagydani-2-square",
+    "Gas": 500,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "d89ceb68c32da4f6364978d62aaa40d7b09b59ec61eb3c0159c87ec3a91037f7dc6967594e530a69d049b64adfa39c8fa208ea970cfe4b7bcd359d345744405afe1cbf761647e32b3184c7fbe87cee8c6c7ff3b378faba6c68b83b6889cb40f1603ee68c56b4c03d48c595c826c041112dc941878f8c5be828154afd4a16311f",
+    "Name": "nagydani-2-qube",
+    "Gas": 500,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "ad85e8ef13fd1dd46eae44af8b91ad1ccae5b7a1c92944f92a19f21b0b658139e0cabe9c1f679507c2de354bf2c91ebd965d1e633978a830d517d2f6f8dd5fd58065d58559de7e2334a878f8ec6992d9b9e77430d4764e863d77c0f87beede8f2f7f2ab2e7222f85cc9d98b8467f4bb72e87ef2882423ebdb6daf02dddac6db2",
+    "Name": "nagydani-2-pow0x10001",
+    "Gas": 2730,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-3-square",
+    "Gas": 682,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-3-qube",
+    "Gas": 682,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-3-pow0x10001",
+    "Gas": 10922,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-4-square",
+    "Gas": 2730,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-4-qube",
+    "Gas": 2730,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-4-pow0x10001",
+    "Gas": 43690,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-5-square",
+    "Gas": 10922,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-5-qube",
+    "Gas": 10922,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  },
+  {
+    "Input": "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",
+    "Expected": "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",
+    "Name": "nagydani-5-pow0x10001",
+    "Gas": 174762,
+    "NoBenchmark": false
+  }
+]

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844.go

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ var (
 	blobT       = reflect.TypeOf(Blob{})
 	commitmentT = reflect.TypeOf(Commitment{})
 	proofT      = reflect.TypeOf(Proof{})
+
+	CellProofsPerBlob = 128
 )
 
 // Blob represents a 4844 data blob.
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ func (b *Blob) UnmarshalJSON(input []byte) error {
 }
 
 // MarshalText returns the hex representation of b.
-func (b Blob) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
+func (b *Blob) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
 	return hexutil.Bytes(b[:]).MarshalText()
 }
 
@@ -149,6 +151,16 @@ func VerifyBlobProof(blob *Blob, commitment Commitment, proof Proof) error {
 	return gokzgVerifyBlobProof(blob, commitment, proof)
 }
 
+// VerifyCellProofs verifies a batch of proofs corresponding to the blobs and commitments.
+// Expects length of blobs and commitments to be equal.
+// Expects length of proofs be 128 * length of blobs.
+func VerifyCellProofs(blobs []Blob, commitments []Commitment, proofs []Proof) error {
+	if useCKZG.Load() {
+		return ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs, commitments, proofs)
+	}
+	return gokzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs, commitments, proofs)
+}
+
 // ComputeCellProofs returns the KZG cell proofs that are used to verify the blob against
 // the commitment.
 //

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_ckzg_cgo.go

@@ -149,3 +149,44 @@ func ckzgComputeCellProofs(blob *Blob) ([]Proof, error) {
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// ckzgVerifyCellProofs verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []Blob, commitments []Commitment, cellProofs []Proof) error {
+	ckzgIniter.Do(ckzgInit)
+	var (
+		proofs      = make([]ckzg4844.Bytes48, len(cellProofs))
+		commits     = make([]ckzg4844.Bytes48, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cellIndices = make([]uint64, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cells       = make([]ckzg4844.Cell, 0, len(cellProofs))
+	)
+	// Copy over the cell proofs
+	for i, proof := range cellProofs {
+		proofs[i] = (ckzg4844.Bytes48)(proof)
+	}
+	// Blow up the commitments to be the same length as the proofs
+	for _, commitment := range commitments {
+		for range gokzg4844.CellsPerExtBlob {
+			commits = append(commits, (ckzg4844.Bytes48)(commitment))
+		}
+	}
+	// Compute the cells and cell indices
+	for i := range blobs {
+		cellsI, err := ckzg4844.ComputeCells((*ckzg4844.Blob)(&blobs[i]))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cells = append(cells, cellsI[:]...)
+		for idx := range len(cellsI) {
+			cellIndices = append(cellIndices, uint64(idx))
+		}
+	}
+
+	valid, err := ckzg4844.VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commits, cellIndices, cells, proofs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !valid {
+		return errors.New("invalid proof")
+	}
+	return nil
+}

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_ckzg_nocgo.go

@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ func ckzgVerifyBlobProof(blob *Blob, commitment Commitment, proof Proof) error {
 	panic("unsupported platform")
 }
 
+// ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func ckzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []Blob, commitments []Commitment, proof []Proof) error {
+	panic("unsupported platform")
+}
+
 // ckzgComputeCellProofs returns the KZG cell proofs that are used to verify the blob against
 // the commitment.
 //

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_gokzg.go

@@ -114,3 +114,37 @@ func gokzgComputeCellProofs(blob *Blob) ([]Proof, error) {
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
+
+// gokzgVerifyCellProofs verifies that the blob data corresponds to the provided commitment.
+func gokzgVerifyCellProofBatch(blobs []Blob, commitments []Commitment, cellProofs []Proof) error {
+	gokzgIniter.Do(gokzgInit)
+
+	var (
+		proofs      = make([]gokzg4844.KZGProof, len(cellProofs))
+		commits     = make([]gokzg4844.KZGCommitment, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cellIndices = make([]uint64, 0, len(cellProofs))
+		cells       = make([]*gokzg4844.Cell, 0, len(cellProofs))
+	)
+	// Copy over the cell proofs
+	for i, proof := range cellProofs {
+		proofs[i] = gokzg4844.KZGProof(proof)
+	}
+	// Blow up the commitments to be the same length as the proofs
+	for _, commitment := range commitments {
+		for range gokzg4844.CellsPerExtBlob {
+			commits = append(commits, gokzg4844.KZGCommitment(commitment))
+		}
+	}
+	// Compute the cell and cell indices
+	for i := range blobs {
+		cellsI, err := context.ComputeCells((*gokzg4844.Blob)(&blobs[i]), 2)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cells = append(cells, cellsI[:]...)
+		for idx := range len(cellsI) {
+			cellIndices = append(cellIndices, uint64(idx))
+		}
+	}
+	return context.VerifyCellKZGProofBatch(commits, cellIndices, cells[:], proofs)
+}

crypto/kzg4844/kzg4844_test.go

@@ -193,3 +193,40 @@ func benchmarkVerifyBlobProof(b *testing.B, ckzg bool) {
 		VerifyBlobProof(blob, commitment, proof)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCKZGCells(t *testing.T)  { testKZGCells(t, true) }
+func TestGoKZGCells(t *testing.T) { testKZGCells(t, false) }
+func testKZGCells(t *testing.T, ckzg bool) {
+	if ckzg && !ckzgAvailable {
+		t.Skip("CKZG unavailable in this test build")
+	}
+	defer func(old bool) { useCKZG.Store(old) }(useCKZG.Load())
+	useCKZG.Store(ckzg)
+
+	blob1 := randBlob()
+	blob2 := randBlob()
+
+	commitment1, err := BlobToCommitment(blob1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG commitment from blob: %v", err)
+	}
+	commitment2, err := BlobToCommitment(blob2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG commitment from blob: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	proofs1, err := ComputeCellProofs(blob1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	proofs2, err := ComputeCellProofs(blob2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+	proofs := append(proofs1, proofs2...)
+	blobs := []Blob{*blob1, *blob2}
+	if err := VerifyCellProofs(blobs, []Commitment{commitment1, commitment2}, proofs); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to verify KZG proof at point: %v", err)
+	}
+}