This PR implements changes related to
[EIP-6800](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6800) and
[EIP-4762](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4762) spec updates.
A TL;DR of the changes is that `Version`, `Balance`, `Nonce` and
`CodeSize` are encoded in a single leaf named `BasicData`. For more
details, see the [_Header Values_ table in
EIP-6800](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6800#header-values).
The motivation for this was simplifying access event patterns, reducing
code complexity, and, as a side effect, saving gas since fewer leaf
nodes must be accessed.
---------
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <3272758+gballet@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
This PR adds the bulk verkle witness+proof production at the end of block
production. It reads all data from the tree in one swoop and produces
a verkle proof.
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
This is a performance improvement on the account-creation rollback code
required for the archive node to support verkle. It uses the utility
function `DeleteAtStem` to remove code and account data per-group
instead of doing it leaf by leaf.
It also fixes an index bug, as code is chunked in 31-byte chunks, so
comparing with the code size should use 31 as its stride.
---------
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
This pull request fixes#30229.
During snap sync, large storage will be split into several pieces and
synchronized concurrently. Unfortunately, the tradeoff is that the respective
merkle trie of each storage chunk will be incomplete due to the incomplete
boundaries. The trie nodes on these boundaries will be discarded, and any
dangling nodes on disk will also be removed if they fall on these paths,
ensuring the state healer won't be blocked.
However, the dangling account trie nodes on the path from the root to the
associated account are left untouched. This means the dangling account trie
nodes could potentially stop the state healing and break the assumption that the
entire subtrie should exist if the subtrie root exists. We should consider the
account trie node as the ancestor of the corresponding storage trie node.
In the scenarios described in the above ticket, the state corruption could occur
if there is a dangling account trie node while some storage trie nodes are
removed due to synchronization redo.
The fixing idea is pretty straightforward, the trie nodes on the path from root
to account should all be explicitly removed if an incomplete storage trie
occurs. Therefore, a `delete` operation has been added into `gentrie` to
explicitly clear the account along with all nodes on this path. The special
thing is that it's a cross-trie clearing. In theory, there may be a dangling
node at any position on this account key and we have to clear all of them.
* all: add stateless verifications
* all: simplify witness and integrate it into live geth
---------
Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
* avoid unnecessary copy
* delete the never used function ProofList
* eth/protocols/snap, trie/trienode: polish the code
---------
Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
* cmd/geth, ethdb/pebble: polish method naming and code comment
* implement db stat for pebble
* cmd, core, ethdb, internal, trie: remove db property selector
* cmd, core, ethdb: fix function description
---------
Co-authored-by: prpeh <prpeh@proton.me>
Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
This pull request fixes the pre-order trie traversal by defining
a more accurate iterator order and path comparison rule.
Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
* cmd, core, trie: verkle-capable `geth init` (#28270)
This change allows the creation of a genesis block for verkle testnets. This makes for a chunk of code that is easier to review and still touches many discussion points.
* eth/tracers/js: fix isPush for push0 (#28520)
Fixes so that `push0` opcode is correctly reported as `true` by the `IsPush` function
---------
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
* trie: spelling - fix comments in hasher (#28507)
Co-authored-by: VM <arimas@foxmail.com>
* tests/fuzzers: move fuzzers into native packages (#28467)
This PR moves our fuzzers from tests/fuzzers into whatever their respective 'native' package is.
The historical reason why they were placed in an external location, is that when they were based on go-fuzz, they could not be "hidden" via the _test.go prefix. So in order to shove them away from the go-ethereum "production code", they were put aside.
But now we've rewritten them to be based on golang testing, and thus can be brought back. I've left (in tests/) the ones that are not production (bls128381), require non-standard imports (secp requires btcec, bn256 requires gnark/google/cloudflare deps).
This PR also adds a fuzzer for precompiled contracts, because why not.
This PR utilizes a newly rewritten replacement for go-118-fuzz-build, namely gofuzz-shim, which utilises the inputs from the fuzzing engine better.
* tests: skip tests on windows 32bit CI (#28521)
tests: skip half the blockchain- and state-tests on windows 32bit CI-tests
* cmd/geth: more special cases logging tests (#28527)
adds logging tests for errors and custom fmt.Stringer-types which output strings that needs to be quoted/escaped.
* accounts,cmd,console,les,metrics: refactor some errors checked by (ST1005) go-staticcheck (#28532)
fix: fix some (ST1005)go-staticcheck
* miner: run tests in parallel (#28506)
Changes many of the tests in the miner package to run in parallel
* internal/jsre/deps: fix typo in jsdoc (#28511)
minor typo fix
* accounts/abi: improve readability of method-to-string conversion (#28530)
refactor: improve readability of NewMethod print
* all: replace some cases of strings.SplitN with strings.Cut (#28446)
* ethdb/memorydb, trie: reduced allocations (#28473)
* trie: use pooling of iterator states in iterator
The node iterator burns through a lot of memory while iterating a trie, and a lot of
that can be avoided by using a fairly small pool (max 40 items).
name old time/op new time/op delta
Iterator-8 6.22ms ± 3% 5.40ms ± 6% -13.18% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
Iterator-8 2.36MB ± 0% 1.67MB ± 0% -29.23% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
Iterator-8 37.0k ± 0% 29.8k ± 0% ~ (p=0.079 n=4+5)
* ethdb/memorydb: avoid one copying of key
By making the transformation from []byte to string at an earlier point,
we save an allocation which otherwise happens later on.
name old time/op new time/op delta
BatchAllocs-8 412µs ± 6% 382µs ± 2% -7.18% (p=0.016 n=5+4)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
BatchAllocs-8 480kB ± 0% 490kB ± 0% +1.93% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
BatchAllocs-8 3.03k ± 0% 2.03k ± 0% -32.98% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
* Dockerfile: update Go to 1.21 (#28538)
* cmd/evm: validate blockchain tests poststate account storage (#28443)
This PR verifies the accounts' storage as specified in a blockchain test's postState field
The expect-section, it does really only check that the test works. It's meant for the test-author to verify that "If the test does what it's supposed to, then the nonce of X should be 2, and the slot Y at Z should be 0x123.
This expect-section is not exhaustive (not full post-state)
It is also not auto-generated, but put there manually by the author.
We can still check it, as a test-sanity-check, in geth
* signer: run tests in parallel (#28536)
marks tests as parallel-safe in package signer
* accounts, cmd: fix typos (#28526)
* core/txpool/legacypool: respect nolocals-setting (#28435)
This change adds a check to ensure that transactions added to the legacy pool are not treated as 'locals' if the global locals-management has been disabled.
This change makes the pool enforce the --txpool.pricelimit setting.
* cmd: run tests in parallel (#28546)
* core/state/snapshot: print correct error from trie iterator (#28560)
* cmd/evm: capitalize evm commands (#28569)
* standard:fix for a unified standard
* standard:fix more as a complements
---------
Co-authored-by: haotian <haotian@haotiandeMacBook-Air.local>
* accounts/abi: context info on unpack-errors (#28529)
adds contextual information to errors returned by unpack
* core, trie, rpc: speed up tests (#28461)
* rpc: make subscription test faster
reduces time for TestClientSubscriptionChannelClose
from 25 sec to < 1 sec.
* trie: cache trie nodes for faster sanity check
This reduces the time spent on TestIncompleteSyncHash
from ~25s to ~16s.
* core/forkid: speed up validation test
This takes the validation test from > 5s to sub 1 sec
* core/state: improve snapshot test run
brings the time for TestSnapshotRandom from 13s down to 6s
* accounts/keystore: improve keyfile test
This removes some unnecessary waits and reduces the
runtime of TestUpdatedKeyfileContents from 5 to 3 seconds
* trie: remove resolver
* trie: only check ~5% of all trie nodes
* ethdb/pebble: don't double-close iterator inside pebbleIterator (#28566)
Adds 'released' flag to pebbleIterator to avoid double closing cockroachdb/pebble.Iterator as it is an invalid operation.
Fixes#28565
* eth/filters: reuse error msg for invalid block range (#28479)
* core/types: make 'v' optional for DynamicFeeTx and BlobTx (#28564)
This fixes an issue where transactions would not be accepted when they have only
'yParity' and not 'v'.
* rpc: improve performance of subscription notification encoding (#28328)
It turns out that encoding json.RawMessage is slow because
package json basically parses the message again to ensure it is valid.
We can avoid the slowdown by encoding the entire RPC notification once,
which yields a 30% speedup.
* cmd/utils: validate pre-existing genesis in --dev mode (#28468)
geth --dev can be used with an existing data directory and genesis block. Since
dev mode only works with PoS, we need to verify that the merge has happened.
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* cmd/geth: add support for --dev flag in dumpgenesis (#28463)
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
Co-authored-by: lightclient <lightclient@protonmail.com>
* les/vflux: run tests in parallel (#28524)
* cmd/{geth,utils}: add cmd to export preimages in snap enumeration order (#28256)
Adds a subcommand: `geth snapshot export-preimages`, to export preimages of every hash found during a snapshot enumeration: that is, it exports _only the active state_, and not _all_ preimages that have been used but are no longer part of the state.
This tool is needed for the verkle transition, in order to distribute the preimages needed for the conversion. Since only the 'active' preimages are exported, the output is shrunk from ~70GB to ~4GB.
The order of the output is the order used by the snapshot enumeration, which avoids database thrashing. However, it also means that storage-slot preimages are not deduplicated.
* cmd/geth: fix build error (#28585)
* cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest: undo debug-hack (#28588)
cmd/devp2p/internal/ethtest: remove a debug-hack flaw which prevented certain tests from running
* params: update discV5 bootnodes (#28562)
update discV5 bootnodes from https://github.com/eth-clients/eth2-networks/blob/master/shared/mainnet/bootstrap_nodes.txt
* cmd, les, tests: remove light client code (#28586)
* cmd, les, tests: remove light client code
This commit removes the light client (LES) code.
Since the merge the light client has been broken and
it is hard to maintain it alongside the normal client.
We decided it would be best to remove it for now and
maybe rework and reintroduce it in the future.
* cmd, eth: remove some more mentions of light mode
* cmd: re-add flags and mark as deprecated
* cmd: warn the user about deprecated flags
* eth: better error message
* eth, internal/ethapi: drop some weird indirection (#28597)
* trie: fix random test generator early terminate (#28590)
This change fixes a minor bug in the `randTest.Generate` function, which caused the `quick.Check` to be a no-op.
* eth/gasestimator, internal/ethapi: move gas estimator out of rpc (#28600)
* go.mod: update uint256 to v1.2.4 (#28612)
* eth/catalyst, eth/downloader: expose more sync information (#28584)
This change exposes more information from sync module internally
* light: remove package light(#28614)
This changes removes the package 'light', which is currently unused.
* cmd/evm, core/state: fix post-exec dump of state (statetests, blockchaintests) (#28504)
There were several problems related to dumping state.
- If a preimage was missing, even if we had set the `OnlyWithAddresses` to `false`, to export them anyway, the way the mapping was constructed (using `common.Address` as key) made the entries get lost anyway. Concerns both state- and blockchain tests.
- Blockchain test execution was not configured to store preimages.
This changes makes it so that the block test executor takes a callback, just like the state test executor already does. This callback can be used to examine the post-execution state, e.g. to aid debugging of test failures.
* ethereum: remove TODO comment about subscription (#28609)
* eth/tracers/js: fix type inconsistencies (#28488)
This change fixes two type-inconsistencies in the JS tracer:
- In most places we return byte arrays as a `Uint8Array` to the tracer. However it seems we missed doing the conversion for `ctx` fields which are passed to the tracer during `result`. They are passed as simple arrays. I think Uint8Arrays are more suitable and we should change this inconsistency. Note: this will be a breaking-change. But I believe the effect is small. If we look at our tracers we see that these fields (`ctx.from`, `ctx.to`, etc.) are used in 2 ways. Passed to `toHex` which takes both array or buffer. Or the length was measured which is the same for both types.
- The `slice` taking in `int, int` params versus `memory.slice` taking `int64, int64` params. I suggest changing `slice` types to `int64`. This should have no effect almost in any case.
* crypto/secp256k1: fix 32-bit tests when CGO_ENABLED=0 (#28602)
* consensus: verify the nonexistence of shanghai- and cancun-specific header fields (#28605)
* eth/gasestimator: allow slight estimation error in favor of less iterations (#28618)
* eth/gasestimator: early exit for plain transfer and error allowance
* core, eth/gasestimator: hard guess at a possible required gas
* internal/ethapi: update estimation tests with the error ratio
* eth/gasestimator: I hate you linter
* graphql: fix gas estimation test
---------
Co-authored-by: Oren <orenyomtov@users.noreply.github.com>
* all: replace log15 with slog (#28187)
This PR replaces Geth's logger package (a fork of [log15](https://github.com/inconshreveable/log15)) with an implementation using slog, a logging library included as part of the Go standard library as of Go1.21.
Main changes are as follows:
* removes any log handlers that were unused in the Geth codebase.
* Json, logfmt, and terminal formatters are now slog handlers.
* Verbosity level constants are changed to match slog constant values. Internal translation is done to make this opaque to the user and backwards compatible with existing `--verbosity` and `--vmodule` options.
* `--log.backtraceat` and `--log.debug` are removed.
The external-facing API is largely the same as the existing Geth logger. Logger method signatures remain unchanged.
A small semantic difference is that a `Handler` can only be set once per `Logger` and not changed dynamically. This just means that a new logger must be instantiated every time the handler of the root logger is changed.
----
For users of the `go-ethereum/log` module. If you were using this module for your own project, you will need to change the initialization. If you previously did
```golang
log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlInfo, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true))))
```
You now instead need to do
```golang
log.SetDefault(log.NewLogger(log.NewTerminalHandlerWithLevel(os.Stderr, log.LevelInfo, true)))
```
See more about reasoning here: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/28558#issuecomment-1820606613
* core/state: make stateobject.create selfcontain (#28459)
* trie/triedb/hashdb: take lock around access to dirties cache (#28542)
Add read locking of db lock around access to dirties cache in hashdb.Database to prevent
data race versus hashdb.Database.dereference which can modify the dirities map by deleting
an item.
Fixes#28541
---------
Co-authored-by: Gary Rong <garyrong0905@gmail.com>
* accounts/abi/bind: fix typo (#28630)
* slog: faster and less memory-consumption (#28621)
These changes improves the performance of the non-coloured terminal formatting, _quite a lot_.
```
name old time/op new time/op delta
TerminalHandler-8 10.2µs ±15% 5.4µs ± 9% -47.02% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
TerminalHandler-8 2.17kB ± 0% 0.40kB ± 0% -81.46% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
TerminalHandler-8 33.0 ± 0% 5.0 ± 0% -84.85% (p=0.008 n=5+5)
```
I tried to _somewhat_ organize the commits, but the it might still be a bit chaotic. Some core insights:
- The function `terminalHandler.Handl` uses a mutex, and writes all output immediately to 'upstream'. Thus, it can reuse a scratch-buffer every time.
- This buffer can be propagated internally, making all the internal formatters either write directly to it,
- OR, make use of the `tmp := buf.AvailableBuffer()` in some cases, where a byte buffer "extra capacity" can be temporarily used.
- The `slog` package uses `Attr` by value. It makes sense to minimize operating on them, since iterating / collecting into a new slice, iterating again etc causes copy-on-heap. Better to operate on them only once.
- If we want to do padding, it's better to copy from a constant `space`-buffer than to invoke `bytes.Repeat` every single time.
* eth/tracers: tx-level state in debug_traceCall (#28460)
* cmd/evm: fix Env struct json tag (#28635)
* accounts/abi/bind: fixed typos (#28634)
* Update auth.go
* Update backend.go
* Update bind.go
* Update bind_test.go
* eth/fetcher: fix invalid tracking of received at time for block (#28637)
eth/fetcher: fix invalid tracking of received at time
* accounts: run tests in parallel (#28544)
* eth/tracers/logger: make structlog/json-log stack hex again (#28628)
* common/hexutil: define hex wrappers for uint256.Int
* eth/tracers/logger: make structlog/json-log stack hex again
* common/hexutil: goimports
* log: remove lazy, remove unused interfaces, unexport methods (#28622)
This change
- Removes interface `log.Format`,
- Removes method `log.FormatFunc`,
- unexports `TerminalHandler.TerminalFormat` formatting methods (renamed to `TerminalHandler.format`)
- removes the notion of `log.Lazy` values
The lazy handler was useful in the old log package, since it
could defer the evaluation of costly attributes until later in the
log pipeline: thus, if the logging was done at 'Trace', we could
skip evaluation if logging only was set to 'Info'.
With the move to slog, this way of deferring evaluation is no longer
needed, since slog introduced 'Enabled': the caller can thus do
the evaluate-or-not decision at the callsite, which is much more
straight-forward than dealing with lazy reflect-based evaluation.
Also, lazy evaluation would not work with 'native' slog, as in, these
two statements would be evaluated differently:
```golang
log.Info("foo", "my lazy", lazyObj)
slog.Info("foo", "my lazy", lazyObj)
```
* .github: use github actions to run 32-bit linux tests (#28549)
use github actions to run 32-bit linux tests
* ethdb/pebble: remove a dependency (#28627)
The dependency was not really used anyway, so we can get rid of it.
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* tests/fuzzers/bls12381: deactivate BLS fuzzer when CGO_ENABLED=0 (#28653)
tests/fuzzers/bls12381: deactivate fuzzer when CGO_ENABLED=0
* build: upgrade -dlgo version to Go 1.21.5 (#28648)
* rpc: fix ns/µs mismatch in metrics (#28649)
The rpc/duration/all meter was in nanoseconds, the individual meter in microseconds.
This PR changes it so both of them use nanoseconds.
* cmd/evm: fix dump after state-test exec (#28650)
The dump after state-test didn't work, the problem was an error, "Already committed", which was silently ignored.
This change re-initialises the state, so the dumping works again.
* beacon/light: add CommitteeChain (#27766)
This change implements CommitteeChain which is a key component of the beacon light client. It is a passive data structure that can validate, hold and update a chain of beacon light sync committees and updates, starting from a checkpoint that proves the starting committee through a beacon block hash, header and corresponding state. Once synced to the current sync period, CommitteeChain can also validate signed beacon headers.
* cmd/utils, eth: disallow invalid snap sync / snapshot flag combos (#28657)
* eth: prevent startup in snap mode without snapshots
* cmd/utils: try to fix bad flag combos wrt snap sync and snapshot generation
* trie: remove inconsistent trie nodes during sync in path mode (#28595)
This fixes a database corruption issue that could occur during state healing.
When sync is aborted while certain modifications were already committed, and a
reorg occurs, the database would contain incorrect trie nodes stored by path.
These nodes need to detected/deleted in order to obtain a complete and fully correct state
after state healing.
---------
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* cmd/utils: fix HTTPHost, WSHost flag priority (#28669)
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* eth/protocols/eth: fix typos in comments (#28652)
* core/txpool : small cleanup refactors (#28654)
* eth/fetcher, eth/gasestimator: fix typos in comments (#28675)
* all: fix typos in comments (#28662)
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
* miner: eliminate the dead loop possibility for `newWorkLoop` and `mainLoop` (#28677)
discard the intervalAdjust message if the channel is full
* all: fix typos in comments (#28682)
chore(core,eth):fix a couple of typos
* p2p/discover: add liveness check in collectTableNodes (#28686)
* p2p/discover: add liveness check in collectTableNodes
* p2p/discover: fix test
* p2p/discover: rename to appendLiveNodes
* p2p/discover: add dedup logic back
* p2p/discover: simplify
* p2p/discover: fix issue found by test
* internal/flags: add missing flag types for auto-env-var generation (#28692)
Certain flags, such as `--rpc.txfeecap` currently do not have an env-var auto-generated for them. This change adds three missing cli flag types to the auto env-var helper function to fix this.
* cmd/evm: default to mirror mainnet forks enabled (#28691)
cmd/evm: default to using dev chain config (all mainnet HFs activated at block/timestamp 0
* cmd/evm, cmd/clef, cmd/bootnode: fix / unify logging (#28696)
This change fixes a problem with our non-core binaries: evm, clef, bootnode.
First of all, they failed to convert from legacy loglevels 1 to 5, to the new slog loglevels -4 to 4.
Secondly, the logging was actually setup in the init phase, and then overridden in the main. This is not needed for evm, since it used the same flag name as the main geth verbosity. Better to let the flags/internal handle the logging init.
* cmd/evm: t8n support custom tracers (#28557)
This change implements ability for the `evm t8n` tool to use custom tracers; either 'native' golang tracers or javascript tracers.
* params: release go-ethereum v1.13.6 stable
* Fix build errors
* Fix test-integration
---------
Co-authored-by: Guillaume Ballet <3272758+gballet@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sina Mahmoodi <1591639+s1na@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: VM <112189277+sysvm@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: VM <arimas@foxmail.com>
Co-authored-by: jwasinger <j-wasinger@hotmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Zoro <40222601+BabyHalimao@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Håvard Anda Estensen <haavard.ae@gmail.com>
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Co-authored-by: Haotian <51777534+tmelhao@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: haotian <haotian@haotiandeMacBook-Air.local>
Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>
Co-authored-by: Maciej Kulawik <10907694+magicxyyz@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: ucwong <ucwong@126.com>
Co-authored-by: Mario Vega <marioevz@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Delweng <delweng@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
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Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
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Co-authored-by: Shivam Sandbhor <shivam.sandbhor@gmail.com>
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Co-authored-by: Sebastian Stammler <seb@oplabs.co>
This pull request defines a gentrie for snap sync purpose.
The stackTrie is used to generate the merkle tree nodes upon receiving a state batch. Several additional options have been added into stackTrie to handle incomplete states (either missing states before or after).
In this pull request, these options have been relocated from stackTrie to genTrie, which serves as a wrapper for stackTrie specifically for snap sync purposes.
Further, the logic for managing incomplete state has been enhanced in this change. Originally, there are two cases handled:
- boundary node filtering
- internal (covered by extension node) node clearing
This changes adds one more:
- Clearing leftover nodes on the boundaries.
This feature is necessary if there are leftover trie nodes in database, otherwise node inconsistency may break the state healing.
This pull request defines a gentrie for snap sync purpose.
The stackTrie is used to generate the merkle tree nodes upon receiving a state batch. Several additional options have been added into stackTrie to handle incomplete states (either missing states before or after).
In this pull request, these options have been relocated from stackTrie to genTrie, which serves as a wrapper for stackTrie specifically for snap sync purposes.
Further, the logic for managing incomplete state has been enhanced in this change. Originally, there are two cases handled:
- boundary node filtering
- internal (covered by extension node) node clearing
This changes adds one more:
- Clearing leftover nodes on the boundaries.
This feature is necessary if there are leftover trie nodes in database, otherwise node inconsistency may break the state healing.
As SELF-DESTRUCT opcode is disabled in the cancun fork(unless the
account is created within the same transaction, nothing to delete
in this case). The account will only be deleted in the following
cases:
- The account is created within the same transaction. In this case
the original storage was empty.
- The account is empty(zero nonce, zero balance, zero code) and
is touched within the transaction. Fortunately this kind of accounts
are not-existent on ethereum-mainnet.
All in all, after cancun, we are pretty sure there is no large contract
deletion and we don't need this mechanism for oom protection.
