// Copyright 2020 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package vm

import (
	"errors"

	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)

func makeGasSStoreFunc(clearingRefund uint64) gasFunc {
	return func(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
		if evm.readOnly {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrWriteProtection
		}
		// If we fail the minimum gas availability invariant, fail (0)
		if contract.Gas.RegularGas <= params.SstoreSentryGasEIP2200 {
			return GasCosts{}, errors.New("not enough gas for reentrancy sentry")
		}
		// Gas sentry honoured, do the actual gas calculation based on the stored value
		var (
			y, x              = stack.Back(1), stack.peek()
			slot              = common.Hash(x.Bytes32())
			current, original = evm.StateDB.GetStateAndCommittedState(contract.Address(), slot)
			cost              = GasCosts{RegularGas: 0}
		)
		// Check slot presence in the access list
		if _, slotPresent := evm.StateDB.SlotInAccessList(contract.Address(), slot); !slotPresent {
			cost = GasCosts{RegularGas: params.ColdSloadCostEIP2929}
			// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
			evm.StateDB.AddSlotToAccessList(contract.Address(), slot)
		}
		value := common.Hash(y.Bytes32())

		if current == value { // noop (1)
			// EIP 2200 original clause:
			//		return params.SloadGasEIP2200, nil
			return GasCosts{RegularGas: cost.RegularGas + params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929}, nil // SLOAD_GAS
		}
		if original == current {
			if original == (common.Hash{}) { // create slot (2.1.1)
				return GasCosts{RegularGas: cost.RegularGas + params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200}, nil
			}
			if value == (common.Hash{}) { // delete slot (2.1.2b)
				evm.StateDB.AddRefund(clearingRefund)
			}
			// EIP-2200 original clause:
			//		return params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200, nil // write existing slot (2.1.2)
			return GasCosts{RegularGas: cost.RegularGas + (params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - params.ColdSloadCostEIP2929)}, nil // write existing slot (2.1.2)
		}
		if original != (common.Hash{}) {
			if current == (common.Hash{}) { // recreate slot (2.2.1.1)
				evm.StateDB.SubRefund(clearingRefund)
			} else if value == (common.Hash{}) { // delete slot (2.2.1.2)
				evm.StateDB.AddRefund(clearingRefund)
			}
		}
		if original == value {
			if original == (common.Hash{}) { // reset to original inexistent slot (2.2.2.1)
				// EIP 2200 Original clause:
				//evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200 - params.SloadGasEIP2200)
				evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreSetGasEIP2200 - params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929)
			} else { // reset to original existing slot (2.2.2.2)
				// EIP 2200 Original clause:
				//	evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - params.SloadGasEIP2200)
				// - SSTORE_RESET_GAS redefined as (5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST)
				// - SLOAD_GAS redefined as WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
				// Final: (5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST) - WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
				evm.StateDB.AddRefund((params.SstoreResetGasEIP2200 - params.ColdSloadCostEIP2929) - params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929)
			}
		}
		// EIP-2200 original clause:
		//return params.SloadGasEIP2200, nil // dirty update (2.2)
		return GasCosts{RegularGas: cost.RegularGas + params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929}, nil // dirty update (2.2)
	}
}

// gasSLoadEIP2929 calculates dynamic gas for SLOAD according to EIP-2929
// For SLOAD, if the (address, storage_key) pair (where address is the address of the contract
// whose storage is being read) is not yet in accessed_storage_keys,
// charge 2100 gas and add the pair to accessed_storage_keys.
// If the pair is already in accessed_storage_keys, charge 100 gas.
func gasSLoadEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
	loc := stack.peek()
	slot := common.Hash(loc.Bytes32())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if _, slotPresent := evm.StateDB.SlotInAccessList(contract.Address(), slot); !slotPresent {
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		// If he does afford it, we can skip checking the same thing later on, during execution
		evm.StateDB.AddSlotToAccessList(contract.Address(), slot)
		return GasCosts{RegularGas: params.ColdSloadCostEIP2929}, nil
	}
	return GasCosts{RegularGas: params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929}, nil
}

// gasExtCodeCopyEIP2929 implements extcodecopy according to EIP-2929
// EIP spec:
// > If the target is not in accessed_addresses,
// > charge COLD_ACCOUNT_ACCESS_COST gas, and add the address to accessed_addresses.
// > Otherwise, charge WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST gas.
func gasExtCodeCopyEIP2929(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
	// memory expansion first (dynamic part of pre-2929 implementation)
	gas, err := gasExtCodeCopy(evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
	if err != nil {
		return GasCosts{}, err
	}
	addr := common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr) {
		evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
		var overflow bool
		// We charge (cold-warm), since 'warm' is already charged as constantGas
		if gas.RegularGas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(gas.RegularGas, params.ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929-params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929); overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}
		return gas, nil
	}
	return gas, nil
}

// gasEip2929AccountCheck checks whether the first stack item (as address) is present in the access list.
// If it is, this method returns '0', otherwise 'cold-warm' gas, presuming that the opcode using it
// is also using 'warm' as constant factor.
// This method is used by:
// - extcodehash,
// - extcodesize,
// - (ext) balance
func gasEip2929AccountCheck(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
	addr := common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
	// Check slot presence in the access list
	if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr) {
		// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
		evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
		// The warm storage read cost is already charged as constantGas
		return GasCosts{RegularGas: params.ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929 - params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929}, nil
	}
	return GasCosts{RegularGas: 0}, nil
}

var (
	// TODO: we can use the same functions already defined above for the 7702 gas handlers
	gasCallEIP2929         = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasCallStateless, gasCallStateful)
	gasDelegateCallEIP2929 = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasDelegateCallStateless, gasDelegateCallStateful)
	gasStaticCallEIP2929   = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasStaticCallStateless, gasStaticCallStateful)
	gasCallCodeEIP2929     = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasCallCodeStateless, gasCallCodeStateful)
	gasSelfdestructEIP2929 = makeSelfdestructGasFn(true)
	// gasSelfdestructEIP3529 implements the changes in EIP-3529 (no refunds)
	gasSelfdestructEIP3529 = makeSelfdestructGasFn(false)

	// gasSStoreEIP2929 implements gas cost for SSTORE according to EIP-2929
	//
	// When calling SSTORE, check if the (address, storage_key) pair is in accessed_storage_keys.
	// If it is not, charge an additional COLD_SLOAD_COST gas, and add the pair to accessed_storage_keys.
	// Additionally, modify the parameters defined in EIP 2200 as follows:
	//
	// Parameter 	Old value 	New value
	// SLOAD_GAS 	800 	= WARM_STORAGE_READ_COST
	// SSTORE_RESET_GAS 	5000 	5000 - COLD_SLOAD_COST
	//
	//The other parameters defined in EIP 2200 are unchanged.
	// see gasSStoreEIP2200(...) in core/vm/gas_table.go for more info about how EIP 2200 is specified
	gasSStoreEIP2929 = makeGasSStoreFunc(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP2200)

	// gasSStoreEIP3529 implements gas cost for SSTORE according to EIP-3529
	// Replace `SSTORE_CLEARS_SCHEDULE` with `SSTORE_RESET_GAS + ACCESS_LIST_STORAGE_KEY_COST` (4,800)
	gasSStoreEIP3529 = makeGasSStoreFunc(params.SstoreClearsScheduleRefundEIP3529)
)

// makeSelfdestructGasFn can create the selfdestruct dynamic gas function for EIP-2929 and EIP-3529
func makeSelfdestructGasFn(refundsEnabled bool) gasFunc {
	gasFunc := func(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
		var (
			gas     uint64
			address = common.Address(stack.peek().Bytes20())
		)
		if evm.readOnly {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrWriteProtection
		}
		if !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(address) {
			// If the caller cannot afford the cost, this change will be rolled back
			evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(address)
			gas = params.ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929

			// Terminate the gas measurement if the leftover gas is not sufficient,
			// it can effectively prevent accessing the states in the following steps
			if contract.Gas.RegularGas < gas {
				return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
			}
		}
		if contract.Gas.RegularGas < gas {
			return GasCosts{RegularGas: gas}, nil
		}

		// if empty and transfers value
		if evm.StateDB.Empty(address) && evm.StateDB.GetBalance(contract.Address()).Sign() != 0 {
			gas += params.CreateBySelfdestructGas
		}
		if refundsEnabled && !evm.StateDB.HasSelfDestructed(contract.Address()) {
			evm.StateDB.AddRefund(params.SelfdestructRefundGas)
		}
		return GasCosts{RegularGas: gas}, nil
	}
	return gasFunc
}

var (
	gasCallEIP7702         = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasCallStateful, gasCallStateless)
	gasDelegateCallEIP7702 = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasDelegateCallStateful, gasDelegateCallStateless)
	gasStaticCallEIP7702   = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasStaticCallStateful, gasStaticCallStateless)
	gasCallCodeEIP7702     = makeCallVariantGasCall(gasCallCodeStateful, gasCallCodeStateless)
)

func makeCallVariantGasCall(oldCalculatorStateful, oldCalculatorStateless gasFunc) gasFunc {
	return func(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (GasCosts, error) {
		var (
			eip150BaseGas GasCosts // gas used for memory expansion, transfer costs -> input to the 63/64 bounding
			eip7702Gas    uint64
			eip2929Gas    uint64
			addr          = common.Address(stack.Back(1).Bytes20())
			overflow      bool
			err           error
		)

		// Check slot presence in the access list
		if evm.chainRules.IsEIP2929 && !evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(addr) {
			evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
			// The WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929 (100) is already deducted in the form of a constant cost, so
			// the cost to charge for cold access, if any, is Cold - Warm
			coldCost := params.ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929 - params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929
			// Charge the remaining difference here already, to correctly calculate available
			// gas for call
			if !contract.UseGas(GasCosts{RegularGas: coldCost}, evm.Config.Tracer, tracing.GasChangeCallStorageColdAccess) {
				return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
			}
			eip2929Gas = coldCost
		}
		eip150BaseGas, err = oldCalculatorStateless(evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
		if err != nil {
			return GasCosts{}, err
		}

		// ensure the portion of the call cost which doesn't depend on state lookups
		// is covered by the provided gas
		if contract.Gas.RegularGas < eip150BaseGas.RegularGas {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
		}

		oldStateful, err := oldCalculatorStateful(evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
		if err != nil {
			return oldStateful, err
		}

		// this should cause BAL test failures if uncommented
		baseCost, overflow := math.SafeAdd(eip150BaseGas.RegularGas, oldStateful.RegularGas)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		} else if contract.Gas.RegularGas < baseCost {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
		}

		if eip150BaseGas.RegularGas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(eip150BaseGas.RegularGas, oldStateful.RegularGas); overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
		}

		if evm.chainRules.IsPrague {
			// Check if code is a delegation and if so, charge for resolution.
			if target, ok := types.ParseDelegation(evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr)); ok {
				if evm.StateDB.AddressInAccessList(target) {
					eip7702Gas = params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929
				} else {
					evm.StateDB.AddAddressToAccessList(target)
					eip7702Gas = params.ColdAccountAccessCostEIP2929
				}
				if !contract.UseGas(GasCosts{RegularGas: eip7702Gas}, evm.Config.Tracer, tracing.GasChangeCallStorageColdAccess) {
					return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
				}
			}
		}

		// EIP-8037: Charge state gas for new account creation BEFORE the 63/64
		// child gas allocation. State gas that spills from an empty reservoir to
		// regular gas must reduce the gas available for callGasTemp, otherwise
		// the Underflow check in UseGas will fail when the spillover exceeds the
		// tiny 1/64 remainder after child gas allocation.
		var stateGasCharged uint64
		if evm.chainRules.IsAmsterdam && oldStateful.StateGas > 0 {
			stateGasCharged = oldStateful.StateGas
			stateGasCost := GasCosts{StateGas: stateGasCharged}
			if contract.Gas.Underflow(stateGasCost) {
				return GasCosts{}, ErrOutOfGas
			}
			contract.Gas.Sub(stateGasCost)
		}

		evm.callGasTemp, err = callGas(evm.chainRules.IsEIP150, contract.Gas.RegularGas, eip150BaseGas.RegularGas, stack.Back(0))
		if err != nil {
			return GasCosts{}, err
		}

		// TODO: it's not clear what happens if there is enough gas to cover the stateless component
		// but not enough to cover the whole call:  do all the state reads happen in this case, and
		// we fail at the very end?

		// Temporarily add the gas charge back to the contract and return value. By
		// adding it to the return, it will be charged outside of this function, as
		// part of the dynamic gas. This will ensure it is correctly reported to
		// tracers.
		contract.Gas.RegularGas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(contract.Gas.RegularGas, eip2929Gas)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}
		contract.Gas.RegularGas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(contract.Gas.RegularGas, eip7702Gas)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}

		var totalCost uint64
		totalCost, overflow = math.SafeAdd(eip2929Gas, eip7702Gas)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}
		totalCost, overflow = math.SafeAdd(totalCost, evm.callGasTemp)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}
		totalCost, overflow = math.SafeAdd(totalCost, eip150BaseGas.RegularGas)
		if overflow {
			return GasCosts{}, ErrGasUintOverflow
		}

		// If state gas was already charged directly (Amsterdam), don't include
		// it in the returned cost — it would be double-charged by the
		// interpreter's UseGas/Sub which increments TotalStateGasCharged again.
		returnedStateGas := oldStateful.StateGas
		if stateGasCharged > 0 {
			returnedStateGas = 0
		}
		return GasCosts{RegularGas: totalCost, StateGas: returnedStateGas}, nil
	}
}