go-ethereum/ethclient/ethclient.go

// Copyright 2016 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

// Package ethclient provides a client for the Ethereum RPC API.
package ethclient

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"math/big"

	ethereum "github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain"
	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/common"
	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/common/hexutil"
	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/core/types"
	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/rpc"
)

// Client defines typed wrappers for the Ethereum RPC API.
type Client struct {
	c *rpc.Client
}

// Dial connects a client to the given URL.
func Dial(rawurl string) (*Client, error) {
	return DialContext(context.Background(), rawurl)
}

// DialContext connects a client to the given URL with context.
func DialContext(ctx context.Context, rawurl string) (*Client, error) {
	c, err := rpc.DialContext(ctx, rawurl)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return NewClient(c), nil
}

// NewClient creates a client that uses the given RPC client.
func NewClient(c *rpc.Client) *Client {
	return &Client{c}
}

// Close closes the underlying RPC connection.
func (ec *Client) Close() {
	ec.c.Close()
}

// Client gets the underlying RPC client.
func (ec *Client) Client() *rpc.Client {
	return ec.c
}

// Blockchain Access

// ChainID retrieves the current chain ID for transaction replay protection.
func (ec *Client) ChainID(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
	var result hexutil.Big
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_chainId")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return (*big.Int)(&result), err
}

// BlockByHash returns the given full block.
//
// Note that loading full blocks requires two requests. Use HeaderByHash
// if you don't need all transactions or uncle headers.
func (ec *Client) BlockByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
	return ec.getBlock(ctx, "eth_getBlockByHash", hash, true)
}

// BlockByNumber returns a block from the current canonical chain.
// If `number` is nil, the latest known block is returned.
//
// Use `HeaderByNumber` if you don't need full transaction data or uncle headers.
//
// Supported special block number tags:
// - `earliest`  : The genesis (earliest) block
// - `latest`    : The most recently included block
// - `committed` : The latest committed block
// - `pending`   : The pending block
//
// Example usage:
//
// ```go
// BlockByNumber(context.Background(), big.NewInt(int64(rpc.LatestBlockNumber)))
// ```
func (ec *Client) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Block, error) {
	return ec.getBlock(ctx, "eth_getBlockByNumber", toBlockNumArg(number), true)
}

// BlockNumber returns the most recent block number
func (ec *Client) BlockNumber(ctx context.Context) (uint64, error) {
	var result hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_blockNumber")
	return uint64(result), err
}

// PeerCount returns the number of p2p peers as reported by the net_peerCount method.
func (ec *Client) PeerCount(ctx context.Context) (uint64, error) {
	var result hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "net_peerCount")
	return uint64(result), err
}

// BlockReceipts returns the receipts of a given block number or hash.
func (ec *Client) BlockReceipts(ctx context.Context, blockNrOrHash rpc.BlockNumberOrHash) ([]*types.Receipt, error) {
	var r []*types.Receipt
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getBlockReceipts", blockNrOrHash)
	if err == nil && r == nil {
		return nil, ethereum.ErrNotFound
	}
	return r, err
}

type rpcBlock struct {
	Hash         *common.Hash     `json:"hash"`
	Transactions []rpcTransaction `json:"transactions"`
	UncleHashes  []common.Hash    `json:"uncles"`
}

func (ec *Client) getBlock(ctx context.Context, method string, args ...interface{}) (*types.Block, error) {
	var raw json.RawMessage
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &raw, method, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Decode header and transactions.
	var head *types.Header
	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &head); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// When the block is not found, the API returns JSON null.
	if head == nil {
		return nil, ethereum.ErrNotFound
	}

	var body rpcBlock
	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &body); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Pending blocks don't return a block hash, compute it for sender caching.
	if body.Hash == nil {
		tmp := head.Hash()
		body.Hash = &tmp
	}

	// Quick-verify transaction and uncle lists. This mostly helps with debugging the server.
	if head.UncleHash == types.EmptyUncleHash && len(body.UncleHashes) > 0 {
		return nil, errors.New("server returned non-empty uncle list but block header indicates no uncles")
	}
	if head.UncleHash != types.EmptyUncleHash && len(body.UncleHashes) == 0 {
		return nil, errors.New("server returned empty uncle list but block header indicates uncles")
	}
	if head.TxHash == types.EmptyTxsHash && len(body.Transactions) > 0 {
		return nil, errors.New("server returned non-empty transaction list but block header indicates no transactions")
	}
	if head.TxHash != types.EmptyTxsHash && len(body.Transactions) == 0 {
		return nil, errors.New("server returned empty transaction list but block header indicates transactions")
	}
	// Load uncles because they are not included in the block response.
	var uncles []*types.Header
	if len(body.UncleHashes) > 0 {
		uncles = make([]*types.Header, len(body.UncleHashes))
		reqs := make([]rpc.BatchElem, len(body.UncleHashes))
		for i := range reqs {
			reqs[i] = rpc.BatchElem{
				Method: "eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex",
				Args:   []interface{}{body.Hash, hexutil.EncodeUint64(uint64(i))},
				Result: &uncles[i],
			}
		}
		if err := ec.c.BatchCallContext(ctx, reqs); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		for i := range reqs {
			if reqs[i].Error != nil {
				return nil, reqs[i].Error
			}
			if uncles[i] == nil {
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("got null header for uncle %d of block %x", i, body.Hash[:])
			}
		}
	}
	// Fill the sender cache of transactions in the block.
	txs := make([]*types.Transaction, len(body.Transactions))
	for i, tx := range body.Transactions {
		if tx.From != nil {
			setSenderFromServer(tx.tx, *tx.From, *body.Hash)
		}
		txs[i] = tx.tx
	}
	return types.NewBlockWithHeader(head).WithBody(
		types.Body{
			Transactions: txs,
			Uncles:       uncles,
		}), nil
}

// HeaderByHash returns the block header with the given hash.
func (ec *Client) HeaderByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (*types.Header, error) {
	var head *types.Header
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &head, "eth_getBlockByHash", hash, false)
	if err == nil && head == nil {
		err = ethereum.ErrNotFound
	}
	return head, err
}

// HeaderByNumber returns a block header from the current canonical chain.
// If `number` is nil, the latest known block header is returned.
//
// Supported special block number tags:
// - `earliest`  : The genesis (earliest) block
// - `latest`    : The most recently included block
// - `committed` : The latest committed block
// - `pending`   : The pending block
//
// Example usage:
//
// ```go
// HeaderByNumber(context.Background(), big.NewInt(int64(rpc.LatestBlockNumber)))
// ```
func (ec *Client) HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, number *big.Int) (*types.Header, error) {
	var head *types.Header
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &head, "eth_getBlockByNumber", toBlockNumArg(number), false)
	if err == nil && head == nil {
		err = ethereum.ErrNotFound
	}
	return head, err
}

type rpcTransaction struct {
	tx *types.Transaction
	txExtraInfo
}

type txExtraInfo struct {
	BlockNumber *string         `json:"blockNumber,omitempty"`
	BlockHash   *common.Hash    `json:"blockHash,omitempty"`
	From        *common.Address `json:"from,omitempty"`
}

func (tx *rpcTransaction) UnmarshalJSON(msg []byte) error {
	if err := json.Unmarshal(msg, &tx.tx); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return json.Unmarshal(msg, &tx.txExtraInfo)
}

// TransactionByHash returns the transaction with the given hash.
func (ec *Client) TransactionByHash(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash) (tx *types.Transaction, isPending bool, err error) {
	var json *rpcTransaction
	err = ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &json, "eth_getTransactionByHash", hash)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, false, err
	} else if json == nil {
		return nil, false, ethereum.ErrNotFound
	} else if _, r, _ := json.tx.RawSignatureValues(); r == nil {
		return nil, false, errors.New("server returned transaction without signature")
	}
	if json.From != nil && json.BlockHash != nil {
		setSenderFromServer(json.tx, *json.From, *json.BlockHash)
	}
	return json.tx, json.BlockNumber == nil, nil
}

// TransactionSender returns the sender address of the given transaction. The transaction
// must be known to the remote node and included in the blockchain at the given block and
// index. The sender is the one derived by the protocol at the time of inclusion.
//
// There is a fast-path for transactions retrieved by TransactionByHash and
// TransactionInBlock. Getting their sender address can be done without an RPC interaction.
func (ec *Client) TransactionSender(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction, block common.Hash, index uint) (common.Address, error) {
	// Try to load the address from the cache.
	sender, err := types.Sender(&senderFromServer{blockhash: block}, tx)
	if err == nil {
		return sender, nil
	}

	// It was not found in cache, ask the server.
	var meta struct {
		Hash common.Hash
		From common.Address
	}
	if err = ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &meta, "eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", block, hexutil.Uint64(index)); err != nil {
		return common.Address{}, err
	}
	if meta.Hash == (common.Hash{}) || meta.Hash != tx.Hash() {
		return common.Address{}, errors.New("wrong inclusion block/index")
	}
	return meta.From, nil
}

// TransactionCount returns the total number of transactions in the given block.
func (ec *Client) TransactionCount(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (uint, error) {
	var num hexutil.Uint
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &num, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash", blockHash)
	return uint(num), err
}

// TransactionInBlock returns a single transaction at index in the given block.
func (ec *Client) TransactionInBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash, index uint) (*types.Transaction, error) {
	var json *rpcTransaction
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &json, "eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", blockHash, hexutil.Uint64(index))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if json == nil {
		return nil, ethereum.ErrNotFound
	} else if _, r, _ := json.tx.RawSignatureValues(); r == nil {
		return nil, errors.New("server returned transaction without signature")
	}
	if json.From != nil && json.BlockHash != nil {
		setSenderFromServer(json.tx, *json.From, *json.BlockHash)
	}
	return json.tx, err
}

// TransactionReceipt returns the receipt of a transaction by transaction hash.
// Note that the receipt is not available for pending transactions.
func (ec *Client) TransactionReceipt(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Receipt, error) {
	var r *types.Receipt
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionReceipt", txHash)
	if err == nil && r == nil {
		return nil, ethereum.ErrNotFound
	}
	return r, err
}

func (ec *Client) GetTransactionReceiptResult(ctx context.Context, txHash common.Hash) (*types.Receipt, json.RawMessage, error) {
	var r *types.Receipt
	result, err := ec.c.GetResultCallContext(ctx, &r, "eth_getTransactionReceipt", txHash)
	if err == nil {
		if r == nil {
			return nil, nil, ethereum.ErrNotFound
		}
	}
	return r, result, err
}

// SyncProgress retrieves the current progress of the sync algorithm. If there's
// no sync currently running, it returns nil.
func (ec *Client) SyncProgress(ctx context.Context) (*ethereum.SyncProgress, error) {
	var raw json.RawMessage
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &raw, "eth_syncing"); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Handle the possible response types
	var syncing bool
	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &syncing); err == nil {
		return nil, nil // Not syncing (always false)
	}
	var p *rpcProgress
	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &p); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return p.toSyncProgress(), nil
}

// SubscribeNewHead subscribes to notifications about the current blockchain head
// on the given channel.
func (ec *Client) SubscribeNewHead(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- *types.Header) (ethereum.Subscription, error) {
	sub, err := ec.c.EthSubscribe(ctx, ch, "newHeads")
	if err != nil {
		// Defensively prefer returning nil interface explicitly on error-path, instead
		// of letting default golang behavior wrap it with non-nil interface that stores
		// nil concrete type value.
		return nil, err
	}
	return sub, nil
}

// State Access

// NetworkID returns the network ID for this client.
func (ec *Client) NetworkID(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
	version := new(big.Int)
	var ver string
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &ver, "net_version"); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if _, ok := version.SetString(ver, 0); !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid net_version result %q", ver)
	}
	return version, nil
}

// BalanceAt returns the wei balance of the given account.
// The block number can be nil, in which case the balance is taken from the latest known block.
func (ec *Client) BalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (*big.Int, error) {
	var result hexutil.Big
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getBalance", account, toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	return (*big.Int)(&result), err
}

// BalanceAtHash returns the wei balance of the given account.
func (ec *Client) BalanceAtHash(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockHash common.Hash) (*big.Int, error) {
	var result hexutil.Big
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getBalance", account, rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	return (*big.Int)(&result), err
}

// StorageAt returns the value of key in the contract storage of the given account.
// The block number can be nil, in which case the value is taken from the latest known block.
func (ec *Client) StorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getStorageAt", account, key, toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	return result, err
}

// StorageAtHash returns the value of key in the contract storage of the given account.
func (ec *Client) StorageAtHash(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash, blockHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getStorageAt", account, key, rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	return result, err
}

// CodeAt returns the contract code of the given account.
// The block number can be nil, in which case the code is taken from the latest known block.
func (ec *Client) CodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getCode", account, toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	return result, err
}

// CodeAtHash returns the contract code of the given account.
func (ec *Client) CodeAtHash(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getCode", account, rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	return result, err
}

// NonceAt returns the account nonce of the given account.
// The block number can be nil, in which case the nonce is taken from the latest known block.
func (ec *Client) NonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockNumber *big.Int) (uint64, error) {
	var result hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getTransactionCount", account, toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	return uint64(result), err
}

// NonceAtHash returns the account nonce of the given account.
func (ec *Client) NonceAtHash(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, blockHash common.Hash) (uint64, error) {
	var result hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getTransactionCount", account, rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	return uint64(result), err
}

// Filters

// FilterLogs executes a filter query.
func (ec *Client) FilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q ethereum.FilterQuery) ([]types.Log, error) {
	var result []types.Log
	arg, err := toFilterArg(q)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	err = ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getLogs", arg)
	return result, err
}

// SubscribeFilterLogs subscribes to the results of a streaming filter query.
func (ec *Client) SubscribeFilterLogs(ctx context.Context, q ethereum.FilterQuery, ch chan<- types.Log) (ethereum.Subscription, error) {
	arg, err := toFilterArg(q)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	sub, err := ec.c.EthSubscribe(ctx, ch, "logs", arg)
	if err != nil {
		// Defensively prefer returning nil interface explicitly on error-path, instead
		// of letting default golang behavior wrap it with non-nil interface that stores
		// nil concrete type value.
		return nil, err
	}
	return sub, nil
}

func toFilterArg(q ethereum.FilterQuery) (interface{}, error) {
	arg := map[string]interface{}{}
	if q.Addresses != nil {
		arg["address"] = q.Addresses
	}
	if q.Topics != nil {
		arg["topics"] = q.Topics
	}
	if q.FromBlock == nil {
		arg["fromBlock"] = "0x0"
	}
	if q.BlockHash != nil {
		arg["blockHash"] = *q.BlockHash
		if q.FromBlock != nil || q.ToBlock != nil {
			return nil, errors.New("cannot specify both BlockHash and FromBlock/ToBlock")
		}
	} else {
		if q.FromBlock == nil {
			arg["fromBlock"] = "0x0"
		} else {
			arg["fromBlock"] = toBlockNumArg(q.FromBlock)
		}
		arg["toBlock"] = toBlockNumArg(q.ToBlock)
	}
	return arg, nil
}

// Pending State

// PendingBalanceAt returns the wei balance of the given account in the pending state.
func (ec *Client) PendingBalanceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (*big.Int, error) {
	var result hexutil.Big
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getBalance", account, "pending")
	return (*big.Int)(&result), err
}

// PendingStorageAt returns the value of key in the contract storage of the given account in the pending state.
func (ec *Client) PendingStorageAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address, key common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getStorageAt", account, key, "pending")
	return result, err
}

// PendingCodeAt returns the contract code of the given account in the pending state.
func (ec *Client) PendingCodeAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) ([]byte, error) {
	var result hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getCode", account, "pending")
	return result, err
}

// PendingNonceAt returns the account nonce of the given account in the pending state.
// This is the nonce that should be used for the next transaction.
func (ec *Client) PendingNonceAt(ctx context.Context, account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
	var result hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_getTransactionCount", account, "pending")
	return uint64(result), err
}

// PendingTransactionCount returns the total number of transactions in the pending state.
func (ec *Client) PendingTransactionCount(ctx context.Context) (uint, error) {
	var num hexutil.Uint
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &num, "eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber", "pending")
	return uint(num), err
}

// Contract Calling

// CallContract executes a message call transaction, which is directly executed in the VM
// of the node, but never mined into the blockchain.
//
// blockNumber selects the block height at which the call runs. It can be nil, in which
// case the code is taken from the latest known block. Note that state from very old
// blocks might not be available.
func (ec *Client) CallContract(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg, blockNumber *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_call", toCallArg(msg), toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return hex, nil
}

// CallContractAtHash is almost the same as CallContract except that it selects
// the block by block hash instead of block height.
func (ec *Client) CallContractAtHash(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg, blockHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_call", toCallArg(msg), rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return hex, nil
}

// PendingCallContract executes a message call transaction using the EVM.
// The state seen by the contract call is the pending state.
func (ec *Client) PendingCallContract(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg) ([]byte, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Bytes
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_call", toCallArg(msg), "pending")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return hex, nil
}

// SuggestGasPrice retrieves the currently suggested gas price to allow a timely
// execution of a transaction.
func (ec *Client) SuggestGasPrice(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Big
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_gasPrice"); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return (*big.Int)(&hex), nil
}

// SuggestGasTipCap retrieves the currently suggested gas tip cap after 1559 to
// allow a timely execution of a transaction.
func (ec *Client) SuggestGasTipCap(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Big
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_maxPriorityFeePerGas"); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return (*big.Int)(&hex), nil
}

// BlobBaseFee retrieves the current blob base fee.
func (ec *Client) BlobBaseFee(ctx context.Context) (*big.Int, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Big
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_blobBaseFee"); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return (*big.Int)(&hex), nil
}

type feeHistoryResultMarshaling struct {
	OldestBlock  *hexutil.Big     `json:"oldestBlock"`
	Reward       [][]*hexutil.Big `json:"reward,omitempty"`
	BaseFee      []*hexutil.Big   `json:"baseFeePerGas,omitempty"`
	GasUsedRatio []float64        `json:"gasUsedRatio"`
}

// FeeHistory retrieves the fee market history.
func (ec *Client) FeeHistory(ctx context.Context, blockCount uint64, lastBlock *big.Int, rewardPercentiles []float64) (*ethereum.FeeHistory, error) {
	var res feeHistoryResultMarshaling
	if err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &res, "eth_feeHistory", hexutil.Uint(blockCount), toBlockNumArg(lastBlock), rewardPercentiles); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	reward := make([][]*big.Int, len(res.Reward))
	for i, r := range res.Reward {
		reward[i] = make([]*big.Int, len(r))
		for j, v := range r {
			reward[i][j] = (*big.Int)(v)
		}
	}
	baseFee := make([]*big.Int, len(res.BaseFee))
	for i, b := range res.BaseFee {
		baseFee[i] = (*big.Int)(b)
	}
	return &ethereum.FeeHistory{
		OldestBlock:  (*big.Int)(res.OldestBlock),
		Reward:       reward,
		BaseFee:      baseFee,
		GasUsedRatio: res.GasUsedRatio,
	}, nil
}

// EstimateGas tries to estimate the gas needed to execute a specific transaction based on
// the current state of the backend blockchain. There is no guarantee that this is the
// true gas limit requirement as other transactions may be added or removed by miners, but
// it should provide a basis for setting a reasonable default.
//
// Note that the state used by this method is implementation-defined by the remote RPC
// server, but it's reasonable to assume that it will either be the pending or latest
// state.
func (ec *Client) EstimateGas(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg) (uint64, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_estimateGas", toCallArg(msg))
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	return uint64(hex), nil
}

// EstimateGasAtBlock is almost the same as EstimateGas except that it selects the block height
// instead of using the remote RPC's default state for gas estimation.
func (ec *Client) EstimateGasAtBlock(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg, blockNumber *big.Int) (uint64, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_estimateGas", toCallArg(msg), toBlockNumArg(blockNumber))
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	return uint64(hex), nil
}

// EstimateGasAtBlockHash is almost the same as EstimateGas except that it selects the block
// hash instead of using the remote RPC's default state for gas estimation.
func (ec *Client) EstimateGasAtBlockHash(ctx context.Context, msg ethereum.CallMsg, blockHash common.Hash) (uint64, error) {
	var hex hexutil.Uint64
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &hex, "eth_estimateGas", toCallArg(msg), rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(blockHash, false))
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	return uint64(hex), nil
}

// SendTransaction injects a signed transaction into the pending pool for execution.
//
// If the transaction was a contract creation use the TransactionReceipt method to get the
// contract address after the transaction has been mined.
func (ec *Client) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error {
	data, err := tx.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return ec.c.CallContext(ctx, nil, "eth_sendRawTransaction", hexutil.Encode(data))
}

// RevertErrorData returns the 'revert reason' data of a contract call.
//
// This can be used with CallContract and EstimateGas, and only when the server is Geth.
func RevertErrorData(err error) ([]byte, bool) {
	var ec rpc.Error
	var ed rpc.DataError
	if errors.As(err, &ec) && errors.As(err, &ed) && ec.ErrorCode() == 3 {
		if eds, ok := ed.ErrorData().(string); ok {
			revertData, err := hexutil.Decode(eds)
			if err == nil {
				return revertData, true
			}
		}
	}
	return nil, false
}

func toBlockNumArg(number *big.Int) string {
	if number == nil {
		return "latest"
	}
	if number.Sign() >= 0 {
		return hexutil.EncodeBig(number)
	}
	// It's negative.
	if number.IsInt64() {
		return rpc.BlockNumber(number.Int64()).String()
	}
	// It's negative and large, which is invalid.
	return fmt.Sprintf("<invalid %d>", number)
}

func toCallArg(msg ethereum.CallMsg) interface{} {
	arg := map[string]interface{}{
		"from": msg.From,
		"to":   msg.To,
	}
	if len(msg.Data) > 0 {
		arg["input"] = hexutil.Bytes(msg.Data)
	}
	if msg.Value != nil {
		arg["value"] = (*hexutil.Big)(msg.Value)
	}
	if msg.Gas != 0 {
		arg["gas"] = hexutil.Uint64(msg.Gas)
	}
	if msg.GasPrice != nil {
		arg["gasPrice"] = (*hexutil.Big)(msg.GasPrice)
	}
	if msg.GasFeeCap != nil {
		arg["maxFeePerGas"] = (*hexutil.Big)(msg.GasFeeCap)
	}
	if msg.GasTipCap != nil {
		arg["maxPriorityFeePerGas"] = (*hexutil.Big)(msg.GasTipCap)
	}
	if msg.AccessList != nil {
		arg["accessList"] = msg.AccessList
	}
	return arg
}

// rpcProgress is a copy of SyncProgress with hex-encoded fields.
type rpcProgress struct {
	StartingBlock hexutil.Uint64
	CurrentBlock  hexutil.Uint64
	HighestBlock  hexutil.Uint64

	PulledStates hexutil.Uint64
	KnownStates  hexutil.Uint64
}

func (p *rpcProgress) toSyncProgress() *ethereum.SyncProgress {
	if p == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return &ethereum.SyncProgress{
		StartingBlock: uint64(p.StartingBlock),
		CurrentBlock:  uint64(p.CurrentBlock),
		HighestBlock:  uint64(p.HighestBlock),
		PulledStates:  uint64(p.PulledStates),
		KnownStates:   uint64(p.KnownStates),
	}
}

// SimulateOptions represents the options for eth_simulateV1.
type SimulateOptions struct {
	BlockStateCalls        []SimulateBlock `json:"blockStateCalls"`
	TraceTransfers         bool            `json:"traceTransfers"`
	Validation             bool            `json:"validation"`
	ReturnFullTransactions bool            `json:"returnFullTransactions"`
}

// SimulateBlock represents a batch of calls to be simulated.
type SimulateBlock struct {
	BlockOverrides *ethereum.BlockOverrides                    `json:"blockOverrides,omitempty"`
	StateOverrides map[common.Address]ethereum.OverrideAccount `json:"stateOverrides,omitempty"`
	Calls          []ethereum.CallMsg                          `json:"calls"`
}

// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler for SimulateBlock.
func (s SimulateBlock) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
	type Alias struct {
		BlockOverrides *ethereum.BlockOverrides                    `json:"blockOverrides,omitempty"`
		StateOverrides map[common.Address]ethereum.OverrideAccount `json:"stateOverrides,omitempty"`
		Calls          []interface{}                               `json:"calls"`
	}
	calls := make([]interface{}, len(s.Calls))
	for i, call := range s.Calls {
		calls[i] = toCallArg(call)
	}
	return json.Marshal(Alias{
		BlockOverrides: s.BlockOverrides,
		StateOverrides: s.StateOverrides,
		Calls:          calls,
	})
}

//go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type SimulateCallResult -field-override simulateCallResultMarshaling -out gen_simulate_call_result.go

// SimulateCallResult is the result of a simulated call.
type SimulateCallResult struct {
	ReturnValue []byte       `json:"returnData"`
	Logs        []*types.Log `json:"logs"`
	GasUsed     uint64       `json:"gasUsed"`
	Status      uint64       `json:"status"`
	Error       *CallError   `json:"error,omitempty"`
}

type simulateCallResultMarshaling struct {
	ReturnValue hexutil.Bytes
	GasUsed     hexutil.Uint64
	Status      hexutil.Uint64
}

// CallError represents an error from a simulated call.
type CallError struct {
	Code    int    `json:"code"`
	Message string `json:"message"`
	Data    string `json:"data,omitempty"`
}

//go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type SimulateBlockResult -field-override simulateBlockResultMarshaling -out gen_simulate_block_result.go

// SimulateBlockResult represents the result of a simulated block.
type SimulateBlockResult struct {
	Number        *big.Int             `json:"number"`
	Hash          common.Hash          `json:"hash"`
	Timestamp     uint64               `json:"timestamp"`
	GasLimit      uint64               `json:"gasLimit"`
	GasUsed       uint64               `json:"gasUsed"`
	FeeRecipient  common.Address       `json:"miner"`
	BaseFeePerGas *big.Int             `json:"baseFeePerGas,omitempty"`
	Calls         []SimulateCallResult `json:"calls"`
}

type simulateBlockResultMarshaling struct {
	Number        *hexutil.Big
	Timestamp     hexutil.Uint64
	GasLimit      hexutil.Uint64
	GasUsed       hexutil.Uint64
	BaseFeePerGas *hexutil.Big
}

// SimulateV1 executes transactions on top of a base state.
func (ec *Client) SimulateV1(ctx context.Context, opts SimulateOptions, blockNrOrHash *rpc.BlockNumberOrHash) ([]SimulateBlockResult, error) {
	var result []SimulateBlockResult
	err := ec.c.CallContext(ctx, &result, "eth_simulateV1", opts, blockNrOrHash)
	return result, err
}